Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2012 Production team: Iain MacLeay Kevin Harris Anwar Annut and chapter authors A National Statistics publication London: TSO © Crown Copyright 2012 All rights reserved First published 2012 ISBN 9780115155284 Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics Enquiries about statistics in this publication should be made to the contact named at the end of the relevant chapter. Brief extracts from this publication may be reproduced provided that the source is fully acknowledged. General enquiries about the publication, and proposals for reproduction of larger extracts, should be addressed to Kevin Harris, at the address given in paragraph XXIX of the Introduction. The Department of Energy and Climate Change reserves the right to revise or discontinue the text or any table contained in this Digest without prior notice. 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To view this licence, visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/ or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or e-mail: [email protected] Contents Page Introduction 5 Contact list 9 Comparison of table numbers 10 Chapter 1 Energy 11 Chapter 2 Solid fuels and derived gases 41 Chapter 3 Petroleum 65 Chapter 4 Natural gas 95 Chapter 5 Electricity 115 Chapter 6 Renewable sources of energy 157 Chapter 7 Combined heat and power 191 Annex A Energy and commodity balances, conversion 217 factors and calorific values Annex B Glossary and acronyms 231 Annex C Further sources of UK energy publications 243 Annex D Major events in the energy industry 249 Monthly and quarterly data are also available for Energy, Solid fuels and derived gases, Petroleum, Gas and Electricity at: www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/statistics/energy_stats/source/source.aspx Information on Energy Prices is available at: www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/statistics/energy_stats/prices/prices.aspx 1 A list of tables Table number Page Chapter 1 Energy 1.1-1.3 Aggregate energy balance 29 1.4-1.6 Value balance of traded energy 32 1.7 Sales of electricity and gas by sector 35 1.8 Final energy consumption by main industrial groups 36 1.9 Fuels consumed for electricity generation (autogeneration) by main industrial groups 38 Chapter 2 Solid fuels and derived gases 2.1-2.3 Coal: Commodity balances 54 2.4-2.6 Manufactured fuels: Commodity balances 57 2.7 Supply and consumption of coal 60 2.8 Supply and consumption of coke oven coke, coke breeze and other 61 manufactured solid fuels 2.9 Supply and consumption of coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, benzole and tars 62 2.10 Deep mines in production, December 2011 63 2.11 Opencast sites in production, December 2011 64 Chapter 3 Petroleum 3.1 Primary oil: Commodity balances 83 3.2-3.4 Petroleum products: Commodity balances 84 3.5 Supply and disposal of petroleum 90 3.6 Additional information on inland deliveries of selected products 91 3.7 Stocks of crude oil and petroleum products at end of year 92 3.8 Additional information on inland deliveries for non-energy uses 93 Chapter 4 Natural gas 4.1 Commodity balances 109 4.2 Supply and consumption of natural gas and colliery methane 110 4.3 UK continental shelf and onshore natural gas production and supply 111 4.4 Gas storage sites and import/export pipelines in the United Kingdom, May 2012 112 4.5 Natural gas imports and exports 113 4.6 Liquefied Natural Gas imports by terminal 114 Chapter 5 Electricity 5.1 Commodity balances 134 5.2 Electricity supply and consumption 136 5.3 Commodity balances, public distribution system and other generators 137 5.4 Fuel used in generation 138 5.5 Electricity supply, electricity supplied (net), electricity available, electricity 139 consumption and electricity sales 5.6 Electricity fuel use, generation and supply 140 5.7 Plant capacity – United Kingdom 142 5.8 Plant capacity – England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland 143 5.9 Capacity of other generators 143 5.10 Plant loads, demand and efficiency 144 5.11 Power stations in the United Kingdom, May 2012 145 5.12 Large scale CHP schemes in the United Kingdom, December 2011 154 2 Chapter 6 Renewable sources of energy 6.1-6.3 Commodity balances 180 6.4 Capacity of, and electricity generated from, renewable sources 186 6.5 Load factors for renewable electricity generation 187 6.6 Renewable sources used to generate electricity and heat and for transport fuels 188 6.7 Renewable sources data used to indicate progress under the 2009 EU Renewable Energy Directive (measured using net calorific values) 189 Chapter 7 Combined heat and power 7.1 CHP installations by capacity and size range 205 7.2 Fuel used to generate electricity and heat in CHP installations 205 7.3 Fuel used by types of CHP installation 206 7.4 CHP - electricity generated by fuel and type of installation 207 7.5 CHP - electrical capacity by fuel and type of installation 208 7.6 CHP - heat generated by fuel and type of installation 209 7.7 CHP - heat capacity by fuel and type of installation 210 7.8 CHP capacity, output and total fuel use by sector 211 7.9 CHP - use of fuels by sector 213 Annex A Energy and commodity balances, conversion factors and calorific values Standard conversion factors 225 A.1 Estimated average calorific values of fuels 2011 227 A.2 Estimated average gross calorific values of fuels 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2008 to 2011 228 A.3 Estimated average net calorific values of fuels, 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2008 to 2011 229 3 4 Introduction I This issue of the Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics (DUKES) continues a series which commenced with the Ministry of Fuel and Power Statistical Digest for the years 1948 and 1949, published in 1950. The Ministry of Fuel and Power Statistical Digest was previously published as a Command Paper, the first being that for the years 1938 to 1943, published in July 1944 (Cmd. 6538). A publication tracing the history of energy production and use over the past 60 years was produced in 2009 to mark the 60th anniversary of DUKES. The publication is available at: www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/statistics/publications/dukes/dukes.aspx II The current issue updates the figures given in the Department of Energy and Climate Change’s (DECC) Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2011, published in July 2011. III This printed and bound issue consists of seven chapters and four annexes. The first chapter deals with overall energy. The other chapters cover the specific fuels, renewable sources of energy and combined heat and power. The annexes cover conversion factors and calorific values, a glossary of terms, further sources of information and major events in the energy industries. IV This Digest is also available on the internet. Some additional information appears on the internet only. The tables on the internet are provided in Microsoft Excel format. Most internet versions of the tables include data for earlier years, which are not provided in the printed copy publication. For example commodity and energy balances (see VII and VIII, below) for 1998 to 2008 are included on the internet, and tables that show five years in this printed version show fourteen years in their internet form because page sizes are not a limiting factor. In addition, the following appear on the internet version only: Long term trends text and tables Major events from 1990 to 2012 - Annex D (only Major events for 2010 to 2012 appear in the printed and bound version) Energy and the environment – Annex E UK oil and gas resources - Annex F Foreign trade – Annex G Flow charts – Annex H Energy balance: net calorific values – Annex I Heat reconciliation – Annex J V Annual information on prices is included in the publication Quarterly Energy Prices.