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A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Immigrant Parenting in the United States and Singapore
genealogy Article Challenges and Strategies for Promoting Children’s Education: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Immigrant Parenting in the United States and Singapore Min Zhou 1,* and Jun Wang 2 1 Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1551, USA 2 School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 18 February 2019; Accepted: 11 April 2019; Published: 15 April 2019 Abstract: Confucian heritage culture holds that a good education is the path to upward social mobility as well as the road to realizing an individual’s fullest potential in life. In both China and Chinese diasporic communities around the world, education is of utmost importance and is central to childrearing in the family. In this paper, we address one of the most serious resettlement issues that new Chinese immigrants face—children’s education. We examine how receiving contexts matter for parenting, what immigrant parents do to promote their children’s education, and what enables parenting strategies to yield expected outcomes. Our analysis is based mainly on data collected from face-to-face interviews and participant observations in Chinese immigrant communities in Los Angeles and New York in the United States and in Singapore. We find that, despite different contexts of reception, new Chinese immigrant parents hold similar views and expectations on children’s education, are equally concerned about achievement outcomes, and tend to adopt overbearing parenting strategies. We also find that, while the Chinese way of parenting is severely contested in the processes of migration and adaptation, the success in promoting children’s educational excellence involves not only the right set of culturally specific strategies but also tangible support from host-society institutions and familial and ethnic social networks. -
World Bank Document
50434 Bazaars and Trade Integration in CAREC Countries Report prepared by the World Bank May 13, 2009 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Snapshot of the Dordoy bazaar in Kyrgyz Republic taken in August 2008: on the way to a modern shopping mall? Public Disclosure Authorized This report was prepared by a team headed by Saumya Mitra and consisting of Bartlomiej Kaminski (principal investigator) and Matin Kholmatov (economist). The team is grateful for comments from Motoo Konishi and Kazi Matin (World Bank) and Sena Eken and Ana-Lucia Coronel (IMF). The Bank acknowledges with gratitude the generous support of the Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Trade and Development and of the Swiss government to the conduct of this study. P a g e | 1 Contents Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 1. Bazaars in surveys: salient features and impact on local economies .................................................. 8 A. Nodes of concentric networks: types of surveyed bazaars ............................................................. 8 B. Employment and income effects of surveyed bazaars ................................................................... 12 C. Bazaars and marketing opportunities: positive welfare -
2-JICA-Investment-Opportunities-2014
Source: United Nations Cartographic Section Abbreviations ASEAN Association of South䇲East Asian Nations BOI Board of Investment CAD Computer Aided Design CAGR Compound Average Growth Rate CBTA Cross Border Transportation Agreement CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CMT Cut Make and Trim E/D Embarkation/Disembarkation EU European Union F/S Financial Statement FAOSTAT Food and Agriculture Organization stat GDP Gross Domestic Product ICT Information and Communication Technology IMF International Monetary Fund IT Information Technology JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency JNTO Japan National Tourist Organization KATO Kyrgyz Association of Tour Operators KPI Key Performance Indicator KSSDA Kyrgyz Software and Services Develops Association LNG Liquefied Natural Gas MBA Master of Business Administration MRP Machine Readable Passport NSC National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OEM Original Equipment Manufacturing OJT On-the-Job Training PET Polyethylene Terephthalate SPA Speciality store retailer of Private label Apparel TSA Tourism Satellite Account UAE United Arab Emirates UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNWTO United Nations World Tourism Organization WTO World Trade Organization Table of contents Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1 1. Selection of promising industries(initial macro data-based selection) ................................ -
Re-Imagining United States History Through Contemporary Asian American and Latina/O Literature
LATINASIAN NATION: RE-IMAGINING UNITED STATES HISTORY THROUGH CONTEMPORARY ASIAN AMERICAN AND LATINA/O LITERATURE Susan Bramley Thananopavarn A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English and Comparative Literature in the College of Arts and Sciences. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: María DeGuzmán Jennifer Ho Minrose Gwin Laura Halperin Ruth Salvaggio © 2015 Susan Bramley Thananopavarn ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Susan Thananopavarn: LatinAsian Nation: Re-imagining United States History through Contemporary Asian American and Latina/o Literature (Under the direction of Jennifer Ho and María DeGuzmán) Asian American and Latina/o populations in the United States are often considered marginal to discourses of United States history and nationhood. From laws like the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act to the extensive, racially targeted immigration rhetoric of the twenty-first century, dominant discourses in the United States have legally and rhetorically defined Asian and Latina/o Americans as alien to the imagined nation. However, these groups have histories within the United States that stretch back more than four hundred years and complicate foundational narratives like the immigrant “melting pot,” the black/white binary, and American exceptionalism. This project examines how Asian American and Latina/o literary narratives can rewrite official histories and situate American history within a global context. The literary texts that I examine – including works by Carlos Bulosan, Américo Paredes, Luis Valdez, Mitsuye Yamada, Susan Choi, Achy Obejas, Karen Tei Yamashita, Cristina García, and Siu Kam Wen – create a “LatinAsian” view of the Americas that highlights and challenges suppressed aspects of United States history. -
Open Research Online Oro.Open.Ac.Uk
Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs British ships and West China, 1875-1941: With special reference to the Upper Yangtze. Thesis How to cite: Blue, Archibald Duncan (1978). British ships and West China, 1875-1941: With special reference to the Upper Yangtze. The Open University. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 1977 The Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Version: Version of Record Link(s) to article on publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21954/ou.ro.0000f7cc Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk BRITISH SHIPS AND WEST CHINA, l8?3 ~ 19^1 With special reference to the Upper Yangtze A DISSERTATION Submitted for the Degree of Bachelor of Philosophy to the Open University by Archibald Duncan Blue March 1978 (J ProQ uest Number: 27919402 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent on the quality of the copy submitted. in the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 27919402 Published by ProQuest LLC (2020). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. Ail Rights Reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. -
Edinburgh University Torugart-Too Expedition Report
1 Summary Summary!Edinburgh (will need University to introduce ourselves Torugart-Too here as there isExpedition no space for this 2010 in sec 2). 2 Introduction Report compiled by John Proctor 1 Summary The expedition was inspired by a report on Alpinist magazine’s online newswire1 about an expedition in 2007 to the Torugart-Too mountains in Kyrgyzstan, organised by the International School of Mountaineering and Pat Littlejohn. The article described the Torugart-Too mountains as an area of glaciated 5000m peaks 35km long on the border between Kyrgyzstan and China, and described the first ascent of the highest peak in the Torugart-Too mountains, Mustyr (5108m). Further research revealed that a total of 4 expeditions had visited the area, and that many possibilities remained for first ascents and new routes. The team members (John Proctor, Adam Russell and Robert Taylor) are all climbers associated with Edinburgh University Mountaineering Club with previous experience of Alpine climbing but no experience of climbing in the Greater Ranges. We visited the Torugart-Too mountains for 3 weeks in July/August 2010 and established 3 first ascents – Mur Samir (5008m), Pik Karyshkyr (4836m), and Pik False (4801m). 2 Introduction and background 2.1 The Torugart-Too mountains The Torugart-Too mountains is a 35km long range of glaciated 5000m peaks on the border between Kyrgyzstan and China, to the southwest of the western Kokshaal-Too. See map (photograph 1). Photograph 1. Satellite image of the Torugart-Too mountains and map showing their location within Kyrgyzstan. The Torugart-Too is the range stretching from left to right in the lower half of the satellite image. -
Chinese Migration and Entangled Histories: Broadening the Contours of Migratory Historiography
Journal of Historical Sociology Vol. 27 No. 1 March 2014 DOI: 10.1111/johs.12037 Chinese Migration and Entangled Histories: Broadening the Contours of Migratory Historiography KELVIN E.Y. LOW* Abstract This paper broadens the analytical contours of Chinese migration by employing the paradigm of histoire croisée. By comparing three connected episodes within the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: (1) British expansionism; (2) Kuomintang activities and British migratory legislation; and (3) the interconnection of the slump in China’s silk industry, the anti-marriage movement, and the inter- twinement of historiographies of China and Singapore – the entangled histories approach offers analytic purchase for which Chinese migration can be scrutinised with attention paid to the interpellations of historical contingencies and economic relations. The paper therefore analyses broader sociocultural and political patterns that inflect migratory flows, and considers the significance of how migratory histo- riography bears upon social memory of Chinese female migrants. ***** Chinese Migration and Entangled Histories Chinese migration in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries may be understood as part of the global wave of migration that took place in corresponding times.1 Recent studies have contextualised migration and world history by comparing, for instance, transat- lantic migration with Asian migration using a global comparative perspective that problematise the assumed distinction between Atlantic and Asian migratory processes.2 Such works have -
Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic: Almaty-Bishkek Regional Road Rehabilitation Project
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Independent Evaluation Department PROJECT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION REPORT ON KAZAKHSTAN AND THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC: ALMATY-BISHKEK REGIONAL ROAD REHABILITATION PROJECT In this electronic file, the report is followed by Management’s response, and the Board of Directors’ Development Effectiveness Committee (DEC) Chair’s summary of a discussion of the report by DEC. Performance Evaluation Report Project Numbers: 29568 and 32463 Loan Numbers: 1774 and 1775 Project Performance Evaluation Report (Joint Report) March 2009 Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic: Almaty– Bishkek Regional Road Rehabilitation Project This joint evaluation report was prepared by the Independent Evaluation Department of the Asian Development Bank and the Evaluation Department of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Asian Development Bank Currency Unit (Kazakhstan) – tenge (T) At Appraisal At Project Completion At Operations Evaluation (August 2000) (October 2007) (August 2008) T1.00 = $0.0070 $0.0082 $0.0084 $1.00 = T142.400 T120.855 T119.680 Currency Unit (Kyrgyz Republic) – som (Som) At Appraisal At Project Completion At Operations Evaluation (August 2000) (October 2007) (August 2008) Som1.00 = $0.0208 $0.02895 $0.0289 $1.00 = Som47.990 Som34.540 Som34.560 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development Currency Unit (Kazakhstan) – tenge (KZT) At Appraisal (October 2000) $1 = €1.17 $1 = KZT (tenge)144 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank BME – benefit monitoring and evaluation CAREC – Central Asia Regional -
Pathway Analysis Within Multiple Human Ancestries Reveals Novel Signals for Epistasis in Complex Traits
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.24.312421; this version posted September 25, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 1 Pathway Analysis within Multiple Human Ancestries Reveals 2 Novel Signals for Epistasis in Complex Traits 3 1,2,y 2,3 2,4,*,y 1,2,*,y 4 Michael C. Turchin , Gregory Darnell , Lorin Crawford , and Sohini Ramachandran 5 1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 6 USA 7 2 Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 8 3 Institute for Computational and Experimental Research in Mathematics (ICERM), 9 Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 10 4 Microsoft Research New England, Cambridge, MA, USA 11 *: Authors Contributed Equally 12 y Corresponding E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; 13 [email protected] 14 Abstract 15 Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified thousands of significant genetic associations in 16 humans across a number of complex traits. However, the majority of these studies focus on linear additive 17 relationships between genotypic and phenotypic variation. Epistasis, or non-additive genetic interactions, 18 has been identified as a major driver of both complex trait architecture and evolution in multiple model 19 organisms; yet, this same phenomenon is not considered to be a significant factor underlying human 20 complex traits. There are two possible reasons for this assumption. -
China's Belt and Road Initiative in the Global Trade, Investment and Finance Landscape
China's Belt and Road Initiative in the Global Trade, Investment and Finance Landscape │ 3 China’s Belt and Road Initiative in the global trade, investment and finance landscape China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) development strategy aims to build connectivity and co-operation across six main economic corridors encompassing China and: Mongolia and Russia; Eurasian countries; Central and West Asia; Pakistan; other countries of the Indian sub-continent; and Indochina. Asia needs USD 26 trillion in infrastructure investment to 2030 (Asian Development Bank, 2017), and China can certainly help to provide some of this. Its investments, by building infrastructure, have positive impacts on countries involved. Mutual benefit is a feature of the BRI which will also help to develop markets for China’s products in the long term and to alleviate industrial excess capacity in the short term. The BRI prioritises hardware (infrastructure) and funding first. This report explores and quantifies parts of the BRI strategy, the impact on other BRI-participating economies and some of the implications for OECD countries. It reproduces Chapter 2 from the 2018 edition of the OECD Business and Financial Outlook. 1. Introduction The world has a large infrastructure gap constraining trade, openness and future prosperity. Multilateral development banks (MDBs) are working hard to help close this gap. Most recently China has commenced a major global effort to bolster this trend, a plan known as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). China and economies that have signed co-operation agreements with China on the BRI (henceforth BRI-participating economies1) have been rising as a share of the world economy. -
Teaching Chinese in London Chinese Complementary Schools Danlu Wang*
London Review of Education Volume 12, Number 1, March 2014 Profession or passion?: Teaching Chinese in London Chinese complementary schools Danlu Wang* Institute of Education, University of London, UK As academic interest in Chinese complementary schools has grown, insufficient attention has been paid to the role and experiences of teachers working in these schools. This paper has drawn from accounts of Chinese complementary schoolteachers in London, together with the author’s personal experiences of working as a teacher in one such school. The paper analyses recent changes in the demographic of these schools and also the changing discourse field that surrounds them. The discussion then progresses to consideration of the impact of these changes upon Chinese complementary schools, especially with regard to teachers’ experience. This paper examines the pattern of professional training that exists among this growing segment of teachers, identifying issues for the future. The paper asks why it is that so many teachers who bring very positive commitment and engagement to their professional role do so in the face of poor funding and pay. Finally, the paper focuses on new challenges for teachers in their classrooms with the aim of providing directions for future development and research. Keywords: Chinese complementary school; British Chinese community Introduction In my doctoral research, my aim is to explore the cultural identities of British Chinese (BC) children, beginning with ethnographic fieldwork in one of the London Chinese complementary schools while working as a teaching assistant. A year later I became a volunteer teacher taking the GCSE1 Chinese class. An unanticipated finding came in the form of learning about the perspectives and experiences of volunteer teachers working in the complementary schools. -
THE PERUVIAN CHINESE COMMUNITY Isabelle Lausent-Herrera
b1751 After Migration and Religious Affiliation: Religions, Chinese Identities and Transnational Networks 8 BETWEEN CATHOLICISM AND EVANGELISM: THE PERUVIAN CHINESE COMMUNITY Isabelle Lausent-Herrera First Conversions to Catholicism Acuam1 must have been between 9 and 14 years old2 when he by Dr. Isabelle Lausent-Herrera on 09/04/14. For personal use only. debarked in Peru in 1850 from one of the first ships bringing in After Migration and Religious Affiliation Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com 1 The existence of this boy is known thanks to a document written in 1851 by José Sevilla, associate of Domingo Elías (Lausent-Herrera, 2006: 289). In the report “Representación de la Empresa a la Honorable Cámara de Senadores. Colonos Chinos”, Biblioteca Nacional de Lima (BNL), Miscelanea Zegarra, XZ-V58-1851, folio 37-38, José Sevilla tried to convince the Peruvian Government that the arrival in Peru of a great number of Chinese coolies was a good idea. For this, he reproduced the letters of satisfaction sent to him by all the hacendados, 185 bb1751_Ch-08.indd1751_Ch-08.indd 118585 224-07-20144-07-2014 111:10:101:10:10 b1751 After Migration and Religious Affiliation: Religions, Chinese Identities and Transnational Networks 186 After Migration and Religious Affiliation coolies for the great2sugar haciendas, the cotton plantations and the extraction of guano on the Chincha Islands. Since the year before, Domingo Elias and José Sevilla had started to import this new work- force destined for the hacendados to replace the Afro-Peruvians freed from slavery. Aiming to have a law voted to legalize this traffic between China and Peru, José Sevilla published a report investigat- ing the satisfaction of the first buyers.