La Ceramica Nell'opera Di Lucio Fontana

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La Ceramica Nell'opera Di Lucio Fontana Corso di Laurea Magistrale ex D.M. 270/2004 in Economia e gestione delle arti e delle attività culturali Storia dell’arte contemporanea La ceramica nell’opera di Lucio Fontana Relatore Ch. Prof. Nico Stringa Correlatore Ch. Prof. Paolo Campiglio Laureanda Camilla Nappa Matricola 988726 Anno Accademico 2016/2017 La ceramica nell’opera di Lucio Fontana 2 Indice Introduzione.............................................................................................................................. 5 LUCIO FONTANA SCULTORE ............................................................................................ 8 Fontana giovane scultore del Novecento.............................................................................. 8 Rottura con il “Novecento”. ............................................................................................... 13 Il ritorno in Argentina......................................................................................................... 17 Il ritorno in Italia ................................................................................................................ 18 LUCIO FONTANA CERAMISTA........................................................................................ 21 Le estati ad Albisola ........................................................................................................... 25 Lucio Fontana a Sèvres ...................................................................................................... 27 Le mostre al Milione e altre esposizioni............................................................................. 34 La ceramica in Argentina. .................................................................................................. 40 Dal dopoguerra in poi ......................................................................................................... 42 I SOGGETTI A TEMA FIGURATIVO................................................................................. 48 Flora e fauna ....................................................................................................................... 48 Le figure femminili............................................................................................................. 54 Maschere, pagliacci e arlecchini, battaglie. ........................................................................ 56 Il “far grande” ..................................................................................................................... 59 FONTANA E IL SACRO ...................................................................................................... 64 Vie Crucis ........................................................................................................................... 64 La V Porta per il Duomo di Milano (1950-52)................................................................... 69 Pala della Vergine Assunta per il Duomo di Milano (1954-55)......................................... 74 Apparizione del Sacro Cuore in San Fedele ....................................................................... 75 Altre ceramiche a carattere religioso .................................................................................. 76 Al Cimitero Monumentale di Milano. ................................................................................ 80 La tomba Melandri nel Cimitero dell’Osservanza di Faenza ............................................. 81 Un Fontana “sacro”?........................................................................................................... 84 I SOGGETTI A TEMA SPAZIALE ...................................................................................... 86 I manifesti. .......................................................................................................................... 86 I “Buchi” e i “tagli” ............................................................................................................ 91 Tavolette, vasi e piatti spaziali ........................................................................................... 92 Le nature ............................................................................................................................. 96 LA CERAMICA PER L’ARCHITETTURA ......................................................................... 98 Rapporti con il Razionalismo e Fiere internazionali. ......................................................... 99 3 Committenza pubblica durante il regime. ........................................................................ 102 Fregi spaziali e altre ceramiche a destinazione architettonica.......................................... 105 Lucio Fontana e Osvaldo Borsani .................................................................................... 112 Interventi spaziali per interni ed esterni ........................................................................... 116 Conclusione .......................................................................................................................... 119 SCHEDE DI CATALOGO .................................................................................................. 121 INDICE DELLE CERAMICHE .......................................................................................... 141 La scultura in terracotta .................................................................................................... 141 I soggetti tema figurativo.................................................................................................. 142 I soggetti a tema sacro ...................................................................................................... 167 Ceramiche spaziali............................................................................................................ 174 Le Nature .......................................................................................................................... 187 Le ceramiche per l’architettura ......................................................................................... 197 Varie ................................................................................................................................. 199 SPOGLIO DEI CATALOGHI D’ASTA.............................................................................. 202 ESPOSIZIONI PERSONALI ............................................................................................... 232 ESPOSIZIONI COLLETTIVE ............................................................................................ 239 BIBLIOGRAFIA .................................................................................................................. 244 SCRITTI DI FONTANA...................................................................................................... 248 CATALOGHI D’ASTA ....................................................................................................... 250 SITOGRAFIA ...................................................................................................................... 253 4 INTRODUZIONE Questo elaborato ha la finalità di analizzare la figura di Lucio Fontana attraverso una ricerca delle fonti storiche, quali recensioni di mostre, articoli di riviste del tempo e scritti di autori a lui contemporanei. Attraverso queste fonti non solo è stato possibile, almeno in parte, rico- struire le opere presenti nelle numerose mostre, personali o collettive, ma è stato soprattutto possibile constatare l’opinione che avevano su di lui critici e storici dell’arte. Tale opinione risulta, almeno nella maggior parte dei casi, positiva, quella cioè di un artista che ha saputo trasformare la tecnica della ceramica, da secoli utilizzata come semplice orna- mento, diletto o decorazione, a espressione artistica al pari di pittura e scultura. Il merito di Fontana è stato infatti, quello di aver fuso, in un'unica arte, che gli è propria, pittura, scultura e architettura, scegliendo lo spazio come proprio raggio d’azione creativa e immaginativa. Questo testo, da leggere come una sorta di matriosca, è stato, infatti, suddiviso in capitoli, sia dal punto di vista cronologico che tematico. Partendo da una prima breve analisi di Fontana scultore, viene successivamente delineata, in modo approfondito, la figura dell’artista come ceramista. Successivamente vengono approfonditi i principali temi trattati: i soggetti a carat- tere figurativo, realizzati nei primi anni di attività tra Albissola e Sèvres; i soggetti a carattere sacro come le tre Vie Crucis, in ultimo i soggetti a tema spaziale. Ampio spazio è dedicato all’analisi di quel tipo di ceramica a destinazione architettonica. Nel primo capitolo, dunque, viene delineata la figura di Lucio Fontana scultore nel suo com- plesso. Iniziando con qualche breve accenno biografico, la nascita in Argentina e la forma- zione in Italia orientata alla scultura, analizzo la prima attività di scultore nella ditta paterna, specializzata in scultura cimiteriale. Qui dimostra di essere al corrente delle ricerche cubiste di Archipenko, realizzando opere dalle forme plastiche piene e tonde, e ponendo l’accento alla sintesi dinamica che recepisce dalla scultura di Millol. Nel 1928 torna in Italia e si iscrive all’Accademia di Belle Arti di Milano dove è allievo di Adolfo Wildt, assimilandone lo stile. Le opere di questo periodo sono soprattutto in gesso, bronzo, cemento o cemento colorato, mentre è ancora impegnato nella scultura funeraria. Questo approfondimento è finalizzato, da un lato
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