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Substituting Environmentally Relevant Flame Retardants: Assessment Fundamentals

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Substituting Environmentally Relevant Flame Retardants: Assessment Fundamentals Texte Substituting 40 Environmentally Relevant 01 Flame Retardants: ISSN Assessment Fundamentals 0722-186X Results and summary overview TEXTE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT, NATURE CONSERVATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY Research Report 204 08 542 (old) 297 44 542 (new) UBA-FB 000171/1e Texte Substituting Environmentally Relevant 40 Flame Retardants: 01 Assessment Fundamentals ISSN 0722-186X Results and summary overview by Dr. André Leisewitz Dr. Hermann Kruse Dr. Engelbert Schramm Öko-Recherche Büro für Umweltforschung und –beratung GmbH, Frankfurt am Main On behalf of the Federal Environmental Agency UMWELTBUNDESAMT Publications by the Federal Environmental Agency in the TEXTE series are available subject to advance payment of DM 20,-- (10,26 Euro) by bank transfer, crossed cheque or paying-in form to Account number 4327 65 - 104 at the Postbank Berlin (Sorting Code 10010010) Fa. Werbung und Vertrieb Ahornstraße 1-2 10787 Berlin At the same time please direct your written order to the Firma Werbung und Vertrieb naming the volume number from the TEXTE series, and the name and address of the orderer. The publisher does not accept responsibility for the correctness, accuracy or completeness of the information, or for the observance of the private rights of third parties. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the official opinions. Publisher: Federal Environmental Agency (Umweltbundesamt) Postfach 33 00 22 14191 Berlin Tel.: +49/30/8903-0 Telex: 183 756 Telefax: +49/30/8903 2285 Internet: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de Edited by: Section III 1.4 Dr. Hans-Hermann Eggers Price: DM 20,-- (10,26 Euro) Berlin, Juni 2001 Report Cover Sheet 1. Report No. 2. 3. UBA-FB 000171/1 4. Report Title Substituting environmentally relevant flame retardants: Assessment fundamentals Vol. I: Results and summary overview Vol. II: Flame-retardant finishings of selected products – applications-focused analysis: State of the art, trends, alternatives Vol. III: Toxicological and ecotoxicological substance profiles of selected flame retardants 5. Authors, Family Names, First Names 8. Report Date Vol. I: Dr. André Leisewitz, Dr. Hermann Kruse, Dr. Engelbert 31.12.2000 Schramm 9. Publication Date Vol. II: Dr. André Leisewitz und Dr. Winfried Schwarz March 2001 Vol. III: Dr. Hermann Kruse, Olaf Paulsen, Cordula Schau, Mareke Wieben, Uwe Böhde 6. Performing Organisation (Name, Address) 10. UFOPLAN - Ref. No. Öko-Recherche, Büro für Umweltforschung und -beratung 20408542(old)29744542(new) GmbH, Kaiserstr. 61, 60329 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 11. No. of Pages in cooperation with Institut für sozial-ökologische Forschung Vol.I: XII + 191 (ISOE GmbH), Frankfurt am Main, and Institut für Toxikologie Vol.II: XIV + 322 der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Vol.III: IV + 395 7. Sponsoring Agency (Name, Address) 12. No. of References Vol.I: 116; Vol.II: 480; Vol.III: 690 Umweltbundesamt, Bismarckplatz 1, 14193 Berlin, Germany 13. No. of Tables, Diagrams Vol.I: 43; Vol.II: 104 14. No. of Figures: 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract The study examines the status, trends and alternatives (substitution and reduction potentials) in the use of flame retardants in selected product sectors: construction; electronics and electrical engineering; rail vehicles; textiles/upholstery. In addition, the study characterises thirteen flame retardants in terms of material flows, applications and toxicology/ecotoxicology. Vol. I: Summary overview of flame retardant applications in Germany in 1999/2000; characterisation of 13 flame retardants in terms of substance properties and application-specific characteristics, range of applications and quantities; derivation of assessment fundamentals for flame retardants, focussing on toxicology/ecotoxicology, suitability for closed-loop substance management, and potential for substitution and reduction; summary assessment of 13 flame retardants; summary overview of flame retardant applications. Vol. II: Analysis of flame retardant applications (state of the art, trends, alternatives) in: unsaturated polyester (UP) resins (rail vehicles); polyurethane (PU) insulating foams and one component foams (OCF) (construction sector); plastics for generic uses in electronic and electrical equipment, in casings for electronic and electrical equipment and in printed circuit boards (electronics/electrical engineering); and in upholstery and mattresses (textile applications). Vol. III: Toxicological/ecotoxicological profiles of substances: Decabromodiphenyl oxide; Tetrabromo- bisphenol A; Bis[pentabromophenyl]ethane; Hexabromocyclododecane, Tris[chloropropyl] phosphate, Resorcinol-bis-diphenylphosphate; N-Hydroxymethyl-3-dimethylphosphonopropionamide, Red phosphorus, Ammonium polyphosphate, Melamin cyanurate, Aluminiumtrihydroxide, Sodium borate decahydrate, Antimony trioxide. 17. Keywords Flame retardants; fire protection; substance assessment; substance substitution; substance reduction; Decabromodiphenyl oxide; Tetrabromobisphenol A; Bis[pentabromophenyl]ethane; Hexabromocyclododecane,Tris[chloropropyl]phosphate, Resorcinol-bis-diphenylphosphate; N- Hydroxymethyl-3-dimethylphosphonopropionamide, Red phosphorus, Ammonium polyphosphate, Melamin cyanurate, Aluminiumtrihydroxide, Sodium borate decahydrate, Antimony trioxide; unsaturated polyester resins; polyurethane insulating foam; polyurethane one component foam; electronic/electrical casings; printed circuit boards; upholstery, mattresses Price 19. 20. Berichts - Kennblatt 1. Berichtsnummer 2. 3. UBA-FB 000171/1 4. Titel des Berichts Erarbeitung von Bewertungsgrundlagen zur Substitution umweltrelevanter Flammschutzmittel Band I: Ergebnisse und zusammenfassende Übersicht; Band II: Flammhemmende Ausrüstung ausgewählter Produkte – anwendungsbezogene Betrachtung: Stand der Technik, Trend, Alternativen Band III:Toxikologisch-ökotoxikologische Stoffprofile ausgewählter Flammschutzmittel 5. Autoren, Namen, Vornamen 8. Abschlußdatum Bd.I: Dr. André Leisewitz, Dr. Hermann Kruse, Dr. Engelbert 31.12.2000 Schramm 9. Veröffentlichungsdatum Bd.II: Dr. André Leisewitz und Dr. Winfried Schwarz März 2001 Bd.III: Dr. Hermann Kruse, Olaf Paulsen, Cordula Schau, Mareke Wieben, Uwe Böhde 6. Durchführende Institution (Name, Anschrift) 10. UFOPLAN - Nr. Öko-Recherche, Büro für Umweltforschung und -beratung 20408542(alt)29744542(neu) GmbH, Kaiserstr. 61, 60329 Frankfurt am Main, 11. Seitenzahl in Verbindung mit dem Institut für sozial-ökologische Forschung Bd.I: XII + 191 (ISOE GmbH), Frankfurt/M., und dem Institut für Toxikologie der Bd.II: XIV + 322 Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Bd.III: IV + 395 7. Fördernde Institution (Name, Anschrift) 12. Literaturangaben Bd.I: 116; Bd.II: 480; Bd.III: 690 Umweltbundesamt, Bismarckplatz 1, 14193 Berlin 13. Tabellen und Diagramme Bd.I: 43; Bd.II: 104 14. Abbildungen 15. Zusätzliche Angaben 16. Kurzfassung Untersucht werden Stand, Trends und Alternativen (Substitutions- und Minderungspotentiale) beim Einsatz von Flammschutzmitteln (FSM) in ausgewählten Produkten aus: Baubereich, Elektrotechnik/Elektronik, Schienenfahrzeugbereich, Textil-/Polstermöbelindustrie. Parallel dazu werden dreizehn Flammschutzmittel hinsichtlich Mengenstrom, Anwendungen und Toxikologie/Ökotoxikologie charakterisiert. Bd.I: Ergebniszusammenfassung zu Flammschutzmitteleinsatz in Deutschland 1999/2000; Charakterisierung von 13 FSM nach Stoff- und Anwendungseigenschaften, Einsatzspektrum, Mengen; Ableitung von Bewertungsgrundlagen für FSM mit Schwergewicht auf Toxikologie/Ökotoxikologie, Kreislauffähigkeit, Substitutions- und Minderungspotentialen; zusammenfassende Stoffbewertung zu 13 FSM; zusammenfassende Übersicht zu FSM-Anwendungen. Bd.II: Anwendungsuntersuchungen (Stand der Technik, Trend, Alternativen) zu FSM bei UP-Harzen (Schienenfahrzeuge), bei PU-Dämm- und Montageschäumen (Baubereich); bei Kunststoffen für E+E- Geräte insgesamt, Außengehäusen für E+E-Geräte und Leiterplatten (Elektro/Elektronikindustrie); bei Polstermöbeln/Matratzen (Textilanwendungen). Bd.III: Toxikologisch/ökotoxikologische Stoffprofile Decabromdiphenylether; Tetrabrombisphenol A; Bis[pentabromphenyl]ethan; Hexabromcyclododecan,Tris[chlorpropyl]phosphat, Resorcinol-bis- diphenyl-phosphat; N-Hydroxymethyl-3-dimethylphosphonpropionamid, roter Phosphor, Ammoniumpolyphosphat, Melamincyanurat, Aluminiumtrihydroxid, Borax, Antimontrioxid. 17. Schlagwörter Flammschutzmittel; Brandschutz; Stoffbewertung; Stoffsubstitution; Stoffminderung; Decabromdiphenylether; Tetrabrombisphenol A; Bis[pentabromphenyl]ethan; Hexabromcyclodode- can,Tris[chlorpropyl]phosphat, Resorcinol-bis-diphenyl-phosphat; N-Hydroxymethyl-3- dimethylphosphonpropionamid, roter Phosphor, Ammoniumpolyphosphat, Melamincyanurat, Alu- miniumtrihydroxid, Borax, Antimontrioxid; Ungesättigte Polyesterharze; Polyurethan-Dämmschaum; Polyurethan-Montageschaum; Außengehäuse E+E-Geräte; Leiterplatten; Polstermöbel, Matratzen Preis 19. 20. Table of contents Abbreviations..........................................................................................................VII Preface.....................................................................................................................XII Chapter I: Task definition and methodology .......................................................... 1 1. Task definition ............................................................................................................... 2 2. Flame retardance and fire safety – the issues ............................................................
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