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Florarioplatense Asteraceae: Senecioneae FLORA RIOPLATENSE Sistemática, ecología y etnobotánica de las plantas vasculares rioplatenses Julio A. Hurrell Director SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTÁNICA www.botanicargentina.com.ar 205 Flora Rioplatense 2, 7a Hurrell, Julio Flora rioplatense: sistemática, ecología y etnobotánica de las plantas vasculares rioplatenses: II. Dicotiledóneas.- 1a ed.- Buenos Aires: Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, 2013. v. 7, 304 p.: il.; 24x15 cm. ISBN 978-987-97012-9-4 1. Botánica. I. Título CDD 580 Fecha de catalogación: 14/08/2013 Copyright © Sociedad Argentina de Botánica (SAB) Dirección actual: Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (UNNE-CONICET) Sargento Cabral 2131, Casilla de Correo 209, W3402BKG - Corrientes. Tel.: 03783-422006 int. 164. e-mail: [email protected] http://www.botanicargentina.com.ar Quedan reservados los derechos para todos los países. Ninguna parte de esta publicación, incluido el diseño gráfico de la tapa y de las páginas interiores pueden ser reproducidas, almacenadas o transmitidas de ninguna forma, ni por ningún medio, sea éste electrónico, mecánico, grabación, fotocopia, o cualquier otro, sin la previa autorización escrita de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica. Queda hecho el depósito que previene la ley 11.723 Printed in Argentina ISBN Obra completa: 978-987-1533-01-5 (LOLA, Literature of Latin America) ISBN Parte III. Vol. 1: 978-987-1533-02-2 (LOLA, Literature of Latin America, 2008) ISBN Parte III. Vol. 4: 978-987-1533-08-4 (LOLA, Literature of Latin America, 2009) ISBN Parte II. Vol. 7a: 978-987-97012-9-4 (Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, 2013) Esta edición se imprimió en Talleres Gráficos LUX S.A., H. Yrigoyen 2463, S3000BLE Santa Fe, República Argentina. Se utilizó, para su interior, papel ilustración de 115 grs. y, para sus tapas, ilustración de 300 grs. Foto de tapa: Taraxacum officinale WEBER ex F. H. WIGG., "diente de león". República Argentina, agosto de 2013. 2064 Asteraceae: Senecioneae FLORA RIOPLATENSE Sistemática, ecología y etnobotánica de las plantas vasculares rioplatenses Parte 2 Dicotiledóneas Volumen 7a Asteraceae Anthemideae Arctotideae Calenduleae Cichorieae Gnaphalieae Inuleae Senecioneae Vernonieae SOCIEDAD ARGENTINA DE BOTÁNICA www.botanicargentina.com.ar 2075 Flora Rioplatense 2, 7a Flora Rioplatense Sumario Plan de la obra Presentación 8 Parte 1. Introducción, Pteridofitas Agradecimientos 10 y Gimnospermas (1 volumen) Homenaje 11 Parte 2. Dicotiledóneas (7 volúmenes) ASTERACEAE 12 Parte 3. Monocotiledóneas (4 volúmenes) Por S. E. Freire Director Tribu ANTHEMIDEAE 21 Julio A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada Achillea 23 (LEBA). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Univer- Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi sidad Nacional de La Plata. Investigador CONICET. Anthemis 26 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Parte 2. Volumen 7a Argyranthemum 30 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Coordinadores del volumen Artemisia 32 Susana E. Freire Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Instituto de Botánica Darwinion (ANCEFN-CONICET), Cladanthus 37 San Isidro. Investigador CONICET. Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Gustavo Delucchi Coleostephus 39 División Plantas Vasculares. Facultad de Ciencias Na- Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi turales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Cotula 41 Massimiliano Dematteis Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE), Univer- Glebionis 45 sidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes. Investigador Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell CONICET. Leucanthemum 47 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Autores Matricaria 50 María Betiana Angulo Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Néstor D. Bayón Soliva 53 Gustavo Delucchi Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Massimiliano Dematteis Tanacetum 59 Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Eugenia Esquisabel Tripleurospermum 64 Susana E. Freire Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Marcelo Hernández Julio A. Hurrell Tribu ARCTOTIDEAE 66 Laura Iharlegui Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Arctotheca 67 Claudia Monti Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Anabela Plos Arctotis 69 Luciana Salomón Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Álvaro J. Vega Tribu CALENDULEAE 71 Colaboradores técnicos Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Daniel H. Bazzano Calendula 72 Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas (CIC), Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Provincia de Buenos Aires. Tratamiento de colecciones y relevamientos fotográficos. Alejandro C. Pizzoni Diseño, soporte informático, digitalización y procesamiento de imágenes. 6208 Asteraceae: Asteraceae: Senecioneae Sumario Tribu CICHORIEAE 76 Lucilia 167 Por J. A. Hurrell, G. Delucchi & L. Iharlegui Por S. E. Freire Cichorium 78 Micropsis 170 Por J. A. Hurrell Por N. D. Bayón Crepis 81 Pseudognaphalium 174 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por E. Esquisabel, C. Monti & S. E. Freire Hedypnois 84 Stuckertiella 181 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por E. Esquisabel & S. E. Freire Helminthotheca 86 Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Tribu INULEAE 182 Hieracium 88 Por S. E. Freire Por Anabela Plos Pluchea 183 Hypochaeris 90 Por N. D. Bayón Por L. Iharlegui Pterocaulon 186 Lactuca 106 Por N. D. Bayón & J. A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Stenachaenium 197 Lapsana 111 Por S. E. Freire & J. A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Tessaria 202 Leontodon 112 Por N. D. Bayón Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Picrosia 115 Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Tribu SENECIONEAE 208 Scolymus 117 Por S. E. Freire Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Erechtites 209 Sonchus 119 Por S. E. Freire Por J. A. Hurrell & L. Iharlegui Euryops 211 Taraxacum 124 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por J. A. Hurrell & G. Delucchi Senecio 213 Tragopogon 128 Por L. Salomón, M. Hernández & S. E. Freire Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Urospermum 131 Tribu VERNONIEAE 244 Por G. Delucchi & J. A. Hurrell Por M. Dematteis Chrysolaena 245 Tribu GNAPHALIEAE 133 Por M. Dematteis Por S. E. Freire Cyrtocymura 250 Achyrocline 135 Por M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Lessingianthus 252 Berroa 141 Por M. B. Angulo & M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Vernonanthura 258 Chevreulia 143 Por A. J. Vega & M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Vernonia 263 Facelis 146 Por A. J. Vega & M. Dematteis Por N. D. Bayón Gamochaeta 148 Bibliografía 267 Por L. Iharlegui, N. D. Bayón & S. E. Freire Índice de figuras 293 Gnaphalium 165 Material fotográfico 294 Por S. E. Freire Índice de nombres científicos y vulgares 295 2097 Flora Rioplatense 2, 7a 210 Asteraceae: Senecioneae * Género ca. 100 especies, en su mayoría Euryops de África, con 1 especie de Arabia y Soco- Por Gustavo Delucchi División Plantas Vasculares, Facultad de Ciencias tra; la mayor concentración de especies se Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata. encuentra en África del sur (Nordenstam, y Julio Alberto Hurrell Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada 1968a,b; 1969, 2007; Leistner, 2000; De- (LEBA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, vos et al., 2010). Algunas especies se han Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Investigador difundido en cultivo como ornamentales, a CONICET. veces se naturalizan y devienen malezas o invasoras (Randall, 2012). Se cita por primera vez para la Argen- tina una especie adventicia, hallada en la Euryops (CAss.) CAss., Dict. Sci. Nat. (ed. región rioplatense. 2) 16: 49, 1820. Othonna L. subgen. Euryops CAss., Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1818: 140, 1818. * Euryops chrysanthemoides (DC.) B. NORD., Opera Bot. 20: 365, figs. Lectotipo: Euryops pectinatus (L.) CAss., 62 C-G, 63C, 1968. loc. cit.: 51 (= Othonna pectinata L., Sp. Gamolepis chrysanthemoides DC., Prodr. 6: Pl. 2: 926, 1753) [designado por Phillips, 40, 1837. 1951] . Etimología: del género Chrysanthemum L., Etimología: del griego eury (euru), 'gran- y el sufijo griego oides (oideV), que indica de', 'amplio', y ops (wy), 'vista', 'cara', 'sem- 'semejanza', blante', aludiendo a sus capítulos vistosos. Iconografía: NORDENSTAM, 1968, loc. cit.; Arbustos, sufrútices o hierbas perennes HURRELL et al., 2004: 139. (una especie anual), glabros o pubescentes. Raíces axonomorfas. Tallos erectos o as- Nombres vulgares. Es: eurios, europio, eu- cendentes, ramificados. Hojas caulinares, ryops, margarita amarilla, margarita dorada. alternas, rara vez subrosuladas, sésiles, Po: margaridinha-amarela. In: African bush enteras, dentadas, lobadas o pinnatisectas. daisy, African sun euryops, bull's eye, daisy Capítulos radiados, rara vez discoides, bush, golden daisy bush, honey daisy, resin solitarios, axilares o pseudoterminales, bush. Al: Gold-Margerite. Af: geelmadelie- con los pedúnculos desnudos. Involucro fiebos, geelmargriet, harpuisbos. acampanado, hemisférico o urceolado; filarios 1-seriados, persistentes, connados Arbustos de 0,5-2 m alt., perennifolios, en grado diverso. Calículo ausente. Recep- muy ramificados, glabros. Hojas alternas, táculo plano o convexo, desnudo. Flores pinnatisectas, de contorno obovado a elíp- usualmente amarillas, a veces anaranjadas tico, de 3-10 cm long. × ca. 3 mm lat., base o cobrizas, las marginales pistiladas, ligu- atenuada, verde oscuras, envés más claro; ladas, las del disco bisexuales o, a veces, segmentos 3-10 pares, ca. 2 cm long. × 0,5 funcionalmente estaminadas, tubulosas, cm lat., subobtusos, mucronados. Capítulos 5-dentadas. Anteras subagudas en la base, en las axilas de las ramificaciones superio- apéndice apical plano. Estilos con ramas res; pedúnculos de 6-20 cm long. Involucro lineares, truncado-obtusas, peniciladas en acampanado, hasta de 1,5 cm diám.; filarios el ápice. Aquenios elipsoides o fusiformes, unidos en la base, hasta de 8 mm long.
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