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Sapere Auso (To One Who Dared to Be Wise) on the Fifth Anniversary of the Death of Krzysztof Skubiszewski
XXXIV POLISH YEARbook of intERnational law DOI 10.7420/pyil2014b 2014 PL ISSN 0554-498X Jerzy Kranz* SAPERE AUSO (TO ONE whO darED TO BE wiSE) ON THE FIFTH ANNivERSarY OF THE DEATH OF KrzYSZTOF SkUbiSZEWSki When Krzysztof Skubiszewski passed away five years ago, on 8 February 2010, Poland bid farewell to both a modest man and a great statesman and academic, to a Pole and a European, an eminent theoretician and a skilled practitioner of international law, who was also the firstM inister of Foreign Affairs of newly-independent Poland and later President of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal in The Hague. The aim of this contribution is to outline the Foreign Minister’s most important accomplishments in order to better introduce him to the reader as well as to share a handful of personal reminiscences.1 An analysis of his scholarly work would warrant separate coverage, so in this memorial I only briefly mention its key directions. I have chosen instead to often cite the Foreign Minister from various sources, especially the collection of his speeches, statements and interviews from 1997.2 Nothing during Minister Skubiszewski’s groundbreaking time in office (12 pSe tem- ber 1989 – 25 October 1993) fell from the sky. And although many of his innovations in his foreign policy work appear obvious from today’s perspective, it is worth remembering that there were no clear precedents for his work at that time. At the turn of the 1990s his job demanded wisdom, strength of character and careful diplomacy. And Krzysztof Skubiszewski was the right man in the right place at the right time – an exquisitely edu- cated man of principle who was not afraid to stand by his beliefs and pursue his vision. -
Prints from Private Collections in New England, 9 June – 10 September 1939, No
Bernardo Bellotto (Venice 1721 - Warsaw 1780) The Courtyard of the Fortress of Königstein with the Magdalenenburg oil on canvas 49.7 x 80.3 cm (19 ⁵/ x 31 ⁵/ inches) Bernardo Bellotto was the nephew of the celebrated Venetian view painter Canaletto, whose studio he entered around 1735. He so thoroughly assimilated the older painter’s methods and style that the problem of attributing certain works to one painter or the other continues to the present day. Bellotto’s youthful paintings exhibit a high standard of execution and handling, however, by about 1740 the intense effects of light, shade, and color in his works anticipate his distinctive mature style and eventual divergence from the manner of his teacher. His first incontestable works are those he created during his Italian travels in the 1740s. In the period 1743-47 Bellotto traveled throughout Italy, first in central Italy and later in Lombardy, Piedmont, and Verona. For many, the Italian veduteare among his finest works, but it was in the north of Europe that he enjoyed his greatest success and forged his reputation. In July 1747, in response to an official invitation from the court of Dresden, Bellotto left Venice forever. From the moment of his arrival in the Saxon capital, he was engaged in the service of Augustus III, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, and of his powerful prime minister, Count Heinrich von Brühl. In 1748 the title of Court Painter was officially conferred on the artist, and his annual salary was the highest ever paid by the king to a painter. -
56.4Holzapfelmasterslight.Pdf
Herman du Toit. Masters of Light: Coming unto Christ through Inspired Devotional Art. Springville, Utah: Cedar Fort, 2016. Reviewed by Richard Neitzel Holzapfel BOOK REVIEWS erman du Toit is the former head of audience education and Hresearch at the BYU Museum of Art (MOA). A gifted and talented art educator, curator, critic, and author, du Toit caps his long career of considering, thinking, teaching, and writing about the power of reli- gious art with a beautifully written and illustrated volume, Masters of Light. As Richard Oman, a well-known LDS art historian, states in the fore- word, “Most of us strive for a closer relationship with Christ. Among frequently used external aids are written and spoken words in inspira- tional talks, sermons, and books. In this book, Herman du Toit helps us better understand and use an additional source: inspired visual art” (x). The book highlights the work of four influential nineteenth-century Protestant European artists—Bertel Thorvaldsen, Carl Bloch, Heinrich Hofmann, and Frans Schwartz—who have captured the imagination of Latter-day Saint audiences for the last half century. However, the book is much more than the story of four artists and the devotional art they produced during their careers. Du Toit carefully crafts word pictures equally as beautiful as the art he uses to illustrate the book. The result is a theological discussion of the centrality of Jesus Christ in the lives of believers. Du Toit ties this fundamental core doc- trine of the restored Church to the art the Church uses to proclaim Christ to the world. -
Political Visions and Historical Scores
Founded in 1944, the Institute for Western Affairs is an interdis- Political visions ciplinary research centre carrying out research in history, political and historical scores science, sociology, and economics. The Institute’s projects are typi- cally related to German studies and international relations, focusing Political transformations on Polish-German and European issues and transatlantic relations. in the European Union by 2025 The Institute’s history and achievements make it one of the most German response to reform important Polish research institution well-known internationally. in the euro area Since the 1990s, the watchwords of research have been Poland– Ger- many – Europe and the main themes are: Crisis or a search for a new formula • political, social, economic and cultural changes in Germany; for the Humboldtian university • international role of the Federal Republic of Germany; The end of the Great War and Stanisław • past, present, and future of Polish-German relations; Hubert’s concept of postliminum • EU international relations (including transatlantic cooperation); American press reports on anti-Jewish • security policy; incidents in reborn Poland • borderlands: social, political and economic issues. The Institute’s research is both interdisciplinary and multidimension- Anthony J. Drexel Biddle on Poland’s al. Its multidimensionality can be seen in published papers and books situation in 1937-1939 on history, analyses of contemporary events, comparative studies, Memoirs Nasza Podróż (Our Journey) and the use of theoretical models to verify research results. by Ewelina Zaleska On the dispute over the status The Institute houses and participates in international research of the camp in occupied Konstantynów projects, symposia and conferences exploring key European questions and cooperates with many universities and academic research centres. -
Portrætter I Ord Portraits in Words ~
PORTRÆTTER I ORD ~ PORTRAITS IN WORDS MERETE PRYDS HELLE INTRODUKTION INTRODUCTION Det kan være svært at finde ind bag Finding a way behind the white mar- den hvide marmorhud og frem til ble skin can be difficult, to reach the de mennesker, der i 1800-tallet stod people who, during the nineteenth model til Thorvaldsens skulpturelle century, modelled for Thorvaldsen’s portrætter. Merete Pryds Helle har sculptural portraits. Merete Pryds givet marmormenneskene nyt liv og Helle has breathed new life into the- lader os i 30 små fiktionsbiografier se marble people, and through thirty møde personer, der engang elskede, short fictional biographies, invites sørgede, dansede, slikkede tæer og us to meet people who once loved, huggede i sten. mourned, danced, licked toes and Fantasi og frie associationer får sculpted stone. lov til at blande sig med biografiske In these texts, imagination and læsninger i teksterne, som er blevet til free association are allowed to mingle i åbne skriveværksteder, hvor Pryds with biographical study, which have Helle har inviteret museets besøgende come to life during open writers’ til, sammen med hende, at digte nye workshops, where Pryds Helle has livsfortællinger til portrætterne. invited the museum’s visitors to help Fiktionsbiografierne er skrevet her compose new life stories for the til udstillingen Ansigt til Ansigt. Thor- portraits. valdsen og Portrættet. De 10 værker, The fictional biographies have som danner udgangspunkt for de 30 been written for the exhibition Face to tekster, er markeret med lyserøde sil- Face. Thorvaldsen and Portraiture. These kebånd i udstillingsperioden. ten works, which form the starting point for the thirty texts, are marked with pink silk ribbons for the dura- tion of the exhibition. -
POLAND Culture Andart
POLAND Culture and Art ISBN 978-83-8010-013-8 www.poland.travel EN Culture and Art 3 Culture and Art Culture and Art 5 Culture: Our national heritage and the testimony of romantic reflections Polish culture is woven from the memories of past greatness and the dreams of a better future, and its national character is deeply rooted in Romanticism. In every branch of contemporary art, our rich Polish folklore becomes a source of inspiration for artists. nown for being very musical, Poles love dance and music. Folk melodies Kcan be heard in Chopin’s works, while Krzysztof Penderecki and Witold Lutosławski set new standards in the world of avant-garde music. Poland attracts a lot of attention, thanks to its talented jazz musicians and young artists excelling in the domain of alternative music. The poetry of Wisława Szymborska, recognised with a Nobel Prize, is appreciated in many corners of the world. Like Szymborska’s poems, many others’ works have been translated into foreign languages: the literary reportages of Ryszard Kapuściński, the futuristic prose of Stanisław Lem or the dramas of Sławomir Mrożek. Igor Mitoraj and Magdalena Abakanowicz are consid- ered ambassadors of Polish sculpture, with their monumental works arousing worldwide admi- ration. Roman Opałka’s and Wilhelm Sasnal’s paintings are highly sought after by art collec- tors. ▶ ▶ Poland has been home to many illustrious personalities, whose work changed the face of the world. Some were scientists, like Nicolaus Coperni- cus or Marie Skłodowska-Curie. Others shaped our reality in different ways, for example, the founders of Hollywood, Samuel Goldwyn and the Warner brothers. -
Statement by Krzysztof Skubiszewski on Polish Foreign Policy (Warsaw, 26 April 1990)
Statement by Krzysztof Skubiszewski on Polish foreign policy (Warsaw, 26 April 1990) Caption: On 26 April 1990, in Warsaw, in response to the geopolitical upheavals taking place in Central and Eastern Europe, Krzysztof Skubiszewski, Polish Foreign Minister, outlines the main thrust of his country’s foreign policy. Source: Sejm Exposé by Minister for Foreign Affairs of the RP, Krzysztof Skubiszewski, Warsaw, April 26, 1990. [EN LIGNE]. [Warsaw]: Akademia Dyplomatyczna MSZ, [28.03.2006]. Disponible sur http://www.zbiordokumentow.pl/1990/2/2.html. Copyright: (c) Polski Instytut Spraw Miedzynarodowych URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/statement_by_krzysztof_skubiszewski_on_polish_foreign_p olicy_warsaw_26_april_1990-en-6a0b3b70-0545-43ce-be95-59e1c0cd825c.html Last updated: 14/10/2015 1/11 Sejm statement by Minister for Foreign Affairs of the RP, Krzysztof Skubiszewski (Warsaw, 26 April 1990) Mr President, Mr Speaker, Esteemed Chamber, I. Internal and External Circumstances Since the first days of its existence the government has been doing everything to restore full independence of the state as without independence there will be neither necessary creative powers in the nation and society nor great effort that Poland expects today from each of us. The foundation of the foreign policy of our state is the national interest and the Polish reason of state implemented with respect for dictates of morality and for the international law. My exposé defines and explains our interests and our reason of state. The government pursues its foreign policy in the circumstances characterized by fast and thorough changes going on in Poland and worldwide. The democratization of the state initiated in 1989, consolidated and extended today, provides a strong foundation for the foreign policy and makes it convergent with the national interest. -
Warsaw Nno.O
Maps Events Restaurants Cafés Nightlife Sightseeing Shopping Hotels Warsaw NNo.o. 882,2, AAugustugust - SSeptembereptember 22014014 The Warsaw Uprising Awe Inspiring - 70 Years On inyourpocket.com ł No. 82 - 5z ȱȱ¢ȱȱȱ ȱȱ¢ȱȱ ȱȱȱȱ ȱ ȱȱĴȱȱ ǯȱȱŝǰȱ£ ȱǯǯǯȱ ǯȱŘŘȱŞŚŞȱŗŘȱŘśǰȱǯȦ¡ȱŘŘȱŞŚŞȱŗśȱşŖ ǯǯǯȱȱ ȱȱȱ ǯ£ǯǯ ǯ ȱ ȱȱȱȱȱǰȱ¢ȱȱ ȱȱ ȱȱȱ ȱȱȱ ȱȱ¢ȱ ȱ ȱ Ěȱȱȱȱ¢ȱ¢ǯ ȱȱȱȱȱȱȱ dz Contents Feature Further Afi eld Warsaw Uprising 8 Łódź 106 Arrival & Transport 12 Leisure 108 City Basics 18 Shopping 112 Culture & Events 20 Directory 118 Restaurants 26 Hotels 120 Cafés 57 Maps & Index Street Index 124 Nightlife 58 City Centre Map 125 Sightseeing City Map 126-127 Essential Warsaw 71 Country Map 128 Sightseeing 72 Listings Index 129 Old Town 84 The Royal Route 87 Features Index 130 Palace of Culture and Science 89 Praga 90 Copernicus Science Center 92 Łazienki 94 IN PRINT Wilanów 97 Jewish Warsaw 100 ONLINE Chopin 103 ON YOUR MOBILE PLAC TEATRALNY 3, WARSAW TEL. +48 601 81 82 83 Monument to the Warsaw Uprising Photo by Zbigniew Furman. Courtesy of Warsaw Uprising Museum. [email protected] 4 Warsaw In Your Pocket warsaw.inyourpocket.com Foreword Welcome to Warsaw and the 82nd edition of Warsaw Publisher In Your Pocket! Summer is in full swing and the city is IYP City Guides Sp. z o.o. Sp.k. absolutely sizzling. It’s the perfect time to take advantage ul. Sławkowska 12, 31-014 Kraków the capitals’ many fi ner points - exploring the parks, [email protected] gardens (beer) and breathtaking urban riverwalks (take www.inyourpocket.com a walk on the wild side!). -
Warsaw City Tours Guide Is Available Upon Request
Warsaw City of Judaica Essentials Fryderyk Welcome to the best Chopin of Warsaw Whatever image of Warsaw you may have had previously, the reality when you get here 3 15 25 is sure to surpass all expectations! Communism Green Activities It’s a city with a fascinating history, modern architecture, visitor-friendly infrastructure, tours Warsaw & Relaxation creative inhabitants and a rich offer of cultural events – it truly is the beating heart of Poland. Today, Poland’s capital continues to grow, with new meeting places, business spaces and entertainment venues constantly springing up. All of which makes the city ever more appealing to tourists, businesspeople, event organisers and simply anyone interested in 31 37 43 art, culture, lifestyle and history. Warsaw Warsaw Culinary Praga by night Warsaw This guide is packed with great ideas for city tours around Warsaw and unique activities for your meeting or event! There’s no need to think twice – Warsaw is waiting for you! 53 59 67 Warsaw City Tours Guide is available upon request. To book your tour or ask about corporate & group offer, please see the offer contact details. Warsaw Tourism Organization has no legal responsibility for the services provided by the partners or any damage caused by the tour participants. Key to symbols: minimum number of participants duration price Photos: Capital City of Warsaw; Warsaw Tourist Office; City of Warsaw © Warsaw Tourist Office, photos provided by the members and partners of Warsaw Tourism Organization, Jarek Zuzga 2 3 1. Warsaw Essentials 4 5 VIP WARSAW TOUR BY CAR Discover Warsaw, one of Europe’s precious gems, while travelling comfortably in an air-conditioned car. -
Warsaw in Short
WarsaW TourisT informaTion ph. (+48 22) 94 31, 474 11 42 Tourist information offices: Museums royal route 39 Krakowskie PrzedmieÊcie Street Warsaw Central railway station Shops 54 Jerozolimskie Avenue – Main Hall Warsaw frederic Chopin airport Events 1 ˚wirki i Wigury Street – Arrival Hall Terminal 2 old Town market square Hotels 19, 21/21a Old Town Market Square (opening previewed for the second half of 2008) Praga District Restaurants 30 Okrzei Street Warsaw Editor: Tourist Routes Warsaw Tourist Office Translation: English Language Consultancy Zygmunt Nowak-Soliƒski Practical Information Cartographic Design: Tomasz Nowacki, Warsaw Uniwersity Cartographic Cathedral Photos: archives of Warsaw Tourist Office, Promotion Department of the City of Warsaw, Warsaw museums, W. Hansen, W. Kryƒski, A. Ksià˝ek, K. Naperty, W. Panów, Z. Panów, A. Witkowska, A. Czarnecka, P. Czernecki, P. Dudek, E. Gampel, P. Jab∏oƒski, K. Janiak, Warsaw A. Karpowicz, P. Multan, B. Skierkowski, P. Szaniawski Edition XVI, Warszawa, August 2008 Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport Free copy 1. ˚wirki i Wigury St., 00-906 Warszawa Airport Information, ph. (+48 22) 650 42 20 isBn: 83-89403-03-X www.lotnisko-chopina.pl, www.chopin-airport.pl Contents TourisT informaTion 2 PraCTiCal informaTion 4 fall in love wiTh warsaw 18 warsaw’s hisTory 21 rouTe no 1: 24 The Royal Route: Krakowskie PrzedmieÊcie Street – Nowy Âwiat Street – Royal ¸azienki modern warsaw 65 Park-Palace Complex – Wilanów Park-Palace Complex warsaw neighborhood 66 rouTe no 2: 36 CulTural AttraCTions 74 The Old -
Discover Warsaw
DISCOVER WARSAW #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw #discoverwarsaw WELCOME TO WARSAW! If you are looking for open people, fascinating history, great fun and unique flavours, you've come to the right place. Our city offers you everything that will make your trip unforgettable. We have created this guide so that you can choose the best places that are most interesting for you. The beautiful Old Town and interactive museums? The wild river bank in the heart of the city? Cultural events? Or maybe pulsating nightlife and Michelin-star restaurants? Whatever your passions and interests, you'll find hundreds of great suggestions for a perfect stay. IT'S TIME TO DISCOVER WARSAW! CONTENTS: 1. Warsaw in 1 day 5 2. Warsaw in 2 days 7 3. Warsaw in 3 days 11 4. Royal Warsaw 19 5. Warsaw fights! 23 6. Warsaw Judaica 27 7. Fryderyk Chopin’s Warsaw 31 8. The Vistula ‘District’ 35 9. Warsaw Praga 39 10. In the footsteps of socialist-realist Warsaw 43 11. What to eat? 46 12. Where to eat? 49 13. Nightlife 53 14. Shopping 55 15. Cultural events 57 16. Practical information 60 1 WARSAW 1, 2, 3... 5 2 3 5 5 1 3 4 3 4 WARSAW IN 1 DAY Here are the top attractions that you can’t miss during a one-day trip to Warsaw! Start with a walk in the centre, see the UNESCO-listed Old Town and the enchanting Royal Łazienki Park, and at the end of the day relax by the Vistula River. -
Maria Skłodowska-Curie's Warsaw
Maria Skłodowska-Curie’s Warsaw ROUTE PL 1 Presentation of the route Places related to Maria Skłodowska-Curie’s childhood and youth. The route takes you to the footsteps of the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize and, so far, the only one who has been awarded the Nobel Prize for two different scientific disciplines (chemistry and physics). Maria Skłodowska- Curie was born in Warsaw, where she spent her childhood and youth too. From a very young age, she was fond of walking by the Wisła river. Today, a statue of Skłodowska- Curie in Warsaw’s New Town looks towards the Wisła river. It is the first waypoint of our route. Maria Skłodowska belonged to a generation of emancipated Polish women who, thanks to the schools for girls and the so-called Flying University (Uniwersytet Latający) in Warsaw received an education which enabled them to undertake university studies that were inaccessible to women in the Russian Empire. The walk leads through the places where Maria Skłodowska lived, studied, grew up and celebrated her successes. HeiM – Heritage in Motion Innovative methodologies for adult education in cultural heritage and active ageing PAGE 2 MARIA SKŁODOWSKA-CURIE’S WARSAW - ROUTE PL 1 WAYPOINTS Monument to Maria Skłodowska-Curie ............................................................................................ 3 The Maria Skłodowska-Curie Museum ............................................................................................ 3 Old Town Square (pl. Rynek Starego Miasta) .................................................................................