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United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,424,182 Marginean, Sr

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United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,424,182 Marginean, Sr USOO5424-182A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,424,182 Marginean, Sr. et al. 45) Date of Patent: Jun. 13, 1995 54 AQUEOUS COATING COMPOSITION FOR 4,952,486 8/1990 Sack et al. THERMAL MAGING FILM 4,983,505 1/1991 Higuchi et al. 5,026,606 6/1991 Isbrandt et al. 75 Inventors: Barry L. Marginean, Sr., Scottsville; 5,057,570 10/1991 Miller et al. ........................ 524/503 Simon R. Cuch, Canandaigua; Clinton 5,260,180 11/1993 Sahyun et al. A. Whittaker, Manchester; Mayur C. Patel, Fairport, all of N.Y. OTHER PUBLICATIONS Assignee: Labelon Corporation, Canandaigua, Data Sheet of BYK-Chemie U.S.A. “Additive to In (73) crease Mar Resistance, Add Slip as well as Surface N.Y. Flow” (Believed to be dated prior to Jan. 15, 1993). 21 Appl. No.: 119,721 Manufacturing Chemical Aerosol News, Feb. 1980, p. Filed: Sep. 10, 1993 19. 22 Witco, Organics Division Product Guide entitled “Me Related U.S. Application Data tallic Stearates and Metal Organics, pp. 1, 5, front and back covers (1991). 63) Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 46,670, Apr. 13, 1993, Manf. Chem. Aerosol News, Feb. 1980, p. 19. abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 5,003, Jan. 15, 1993, abandoned. Research Disclosure, Dec. 1989, pp. 993-1015. Primary Examiner-Thorl Chea 51 Int, Cl. ........................ G03C 1/498; G03C 1/38 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Nixon, Hargrave, Devans & 52 U.S. C. .................................... 430/617; 430/338; Doyle 430/341; 430/523; 430/631; 430/961; 430/965 58) Field of Search ............... 430/617, 618, 338, 341, 57 ABSTRACT 430/631, 965, 523,961 Aheat-sensitive coating composition, and heat-sensitive (56) References Cited material for thermal imaging containing the heat sensi tive composition. The composition comprises a color U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS forming amount of a finely divided, solid, colorless 3,031,329 4/1962 Wingert . noble metal salt of an organic acid; a color-developing 3,080,254 3/1963 Grant, Jr. amount of an organic reducing agent which at thermal 3,446,648 5/1969 Workman . copy and printing temperatures is capable of a color 4,082,901 4/1978 Laridon et al. 4,116,786 9/1978 Hodakowski. forming reaction with the noble metal salt; an image 4,181,771 1/1980 Hanson et al. toning agent; and a carrier composition in which the 4,289,535 9/1981 Marginean et al. noble metal salt, organic reducing agent, and toning 4,353,980 10/1982 Helling et al. ...................... 430/.532 agent are distributed. The carrier composition requires 4,395,484 7/1983 McCarney . no organic solvents and comprises one or more substan 4,460,727 7/1984 Shoji................................... 524/215 tially water-soluble polymeric carrier materials and a 4,587,206 5/1986 Sakaguchi et al. ................. 430/617 solubility-enhancing amount of a dispersing agent. A 4,588,674 5/1986 Stewart et al. 4,619,888 10/1986 Kawata et al. protective, clarifying, radiation-cured overcoat is pro 4,636,819 1/1987 Nagamoto et al. vided. Methods of forming the heat-sensitive composi 4,675,705 6/1987 Marginean et al. tion and the overcoat are also disclosed. 4,886,739 12/1989 Przezdziecki. 4.942,115 7/1990 Przezdziecki. 30 Claims, 1 Drawing Sheet 5,424,182 1. 2 with no adverse environmental impact; which will pro AQUEOUS COATING COMPOSITION FOR duce images of great clarity with little haze, very high THERMAL MAGING FILM maximum density, and low minimum density; and which will not stick to the print head :nor cause melted CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED 5 material to accumulate on the print head. APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. ap SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION plication Ser. No. 08/046,670, filed Apr. 13, 1993, now The invention provides an improved heat-sensitive abandoned which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. appli coating composition and heat-sensitive film or paper cation Ser. No. 08/005,003, filed Jan. 15, 1993, now O which overcomes the prior art problems described abandoned. above. An aqueous, heat-sensitive composition has now been FIELD OF THE INVENTION discovered which exhibits improved imaging character The present invention is directed to an improved istics when used in infrared copying machines, such as a heat-sensitive coating composition and to heat-sensitive 15 3M Model 45 infrared copier, as well as in commer film or paper-based materials containing the composi cially available direct thermal printing devices such as tion. The materials are particularly well suited for use in wide format direct thermal plotters sold by CalComp infrared copy and direct thermal printing devices. under the trademark DrawingMaster Plus. The compo sition of the present invention is typically used in a BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION composite multilayer film configuration wherein the In the past several years, direct thermal imaging by color forming layer comprises a color-forming amount thermal imaging printers has become a popular method of a finely divided, solid colorless noble metal salt of an for recording documents and data due to the low cost organic acid; a color-developing amount of a cyclic and reliability of equipment. Infrared imaging is also a organic reducing agent, which at thermal copy and convenient and inexpensive way to produce mono 25 printing temperatures is capable of a color-forming chrome thermal transparencies for overhead projector presentations. Technology commonly used for direct reaction with said noble metal salt; an image toning thermal printing devices is well known and described in agent; and a carrier composition in which said noble U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,289,535 and No. 4,675,705 where color metal salt, organic reducing agent, and image toning less or pale colored chromogenic dyestuffs are com 30 agent are distributed, comprising one or more substan bined with a color-developing agent such as benzyl-p- tially water-soluble polymeric carrier materials and a hydroxybenzoate or 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol. This solubility-enhancing amount of a dispersing agent. technology, however, is not well suited for the manu The composite film preferably further includes a facture of single sheet, transparent films for overhead protective overcoat layer which comprises a radiation projection presentations. The technology commonly 35 curable composition comprising a blend of one or more used to produce single sheet, transparent black image reactive monomers that when sufficiently cured will films is also well known and is described in several melt, soften, or decompose only attemperatures greater United States patents including U.S. Pat. Nos. than those attained by commercially available thermal 3,080,254, 3,031,329, 3,446,648 and 5,026,606, in which a printheads or infrared copy machines. Preferably, the noble metal salt of an organic acid, preferably silver overcoat composition further includes one or more behenate or silver stearate, is reduced by an incorpo photoinitiators capable of sufficiently polymerizing the rated cyclic organic reducing agent such as the methyl said reactive monomers, a dry lubricant, and a mildly ester of gallic acid in the presence of a toning agent to abrasive filler. produce a dense black image. The color-forming layer The composite film may optionally include an inter is clarified by the application of polymeric overcoats 45 mediate layer comprising a substantially water-soluble such as cellulose acetate. or dispersible polymeric material capable of promoting This art also teaches that resin binders suitable for the adhesion between the color-forming layer and the pro carrier system of the inventions are only those which tective overcoat layer. are soluble in organic solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, and heptane. The use and disposal of 50 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING organic solvents, however, raises environmental and FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a heat-sensitive film worker safety concerns. These solvents are inherently or paper according to the invention. flammable or explosive and their use requires specially DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE adapted and expensive manufacturing equipment. In INVENTION addition, they are effluent of the manufacturing process 55 and must be recovered or burned, thus adding to the Referring to FIG. 1, embodiment 10 of the invention cost of manufacture. comprises substrate or support 12, which may be, for Furthermore, the single sheet transparency composi example, paper, glass, or a plastic sheeting or film. Suit tions commercially available for use in direct thermal able film-forming plastic substrates are, for example, printing applications have been found to cause sticking poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyolefin, polycarbon of the imaging material to the print head, and have had ate, polysulfone, polystyrene, and cellulose acetate. insufficient sensitivity or thermal response characteris Support 12 can be transparent, translucent, or opaque. tics to produce an adequately dense black output. In Support 12 typically is provided with adhesion or sub addition, commercially available compositions exhibit bing layer 14. One or more backing layers 16 may be low maximum density (D-max), high minimum density 65 provided to control physical properties such as curl or (D-min), and high light scatter or haze. static. An example of a suitable, commercially available Thus, there exists a continuing need for thermal imag support is Melenex 6093, available from ICI, Ltd., ing materials which can be manufactured safely and which comprises 2.65-mil poly(ethylene terephthalate), 5,424, 182 3 4 subbed on one side and carrying on the other side an layer will vary from 2% to 25%, by weight, preferably anti static coating showing a resistance of about 2X 10 from 3% to 10% and most preferably from 4% to 8% 10 ohms. Carried by subbing layer 14 is color-forming on a percent solids basis.
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