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Modelling and Methodologies for Enterprise Integration IFIP - the International Federation for Information Processing Modelling and Methodologies for Enterprise Integration IFIP - The International Federation for Information Processing IFIP was founded in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, following the First World Computer Congress held in Paris the previous year. An umbrella organization for societies working in information processing, IFIP's aim is two-fold: to support information processing within its member countries and to encourage technology transfer to developing nations. As its mission statement clearly states, IFIP's mission is to be the leading, truly international, apolitical organization which encourages and assists in the development, exploitation and application of information technology for the benefit of all people. IFIP is a non-profitmaking organization, run almost solely by 2500 volunteers. It operates through a number of technical committees, which organize events and publications. IFIP's events range from an international congress to local seminars, but the most important are: • the IFIP World Computer Congress, held every second year; • open conferences; • working conferences. The flagship event is the IFIP World Computer Congress, at which both invited and contributed papers are presented. Contributed papers are rigorously refereed and the rejection rate is high. As with the Congress, participation in the open conferences is open to all and papers may be invited or submitted. Again, submitted papers are stringently refereed. The working conferences are structured differently. They are usually run by a working group and attendance is small and by invitation only. Their purpose is to create an atmosphere conducive to innovation and development. Refereeing is less rigorous and papers are subjected to extensive group discussion. Publications arising from IFIP events vary. The papers presented at the IFIP World Computer Congress and at open conferences are published as conference proceedings, while the results of the working conferences are often published as collections of selected and edited papers. Any national society whose primary activity is in information may apply to become a full member of IFIP, although full membership is restricted to one society per country. Full members are entitled to vote at the annual General Assembly, National societies preferring a less committed involvement may apply for associate or corresponding membership. Associate members enjoy the same benefits as full members, but without voting rights. Corresponding members are not represented in IFIP bodies. Affiliated membership is open to non-national societies, and individual and honorary membership schemes are also offered. Modelling and Methodologies for Enterprise Integration Proceedings of the IFIP TC5 Working Conference on Models and Methodologies for Enterprise Integration, Queensland, Australia, November 1995 Edited by Peter Bernus Griffith University Queensland Australia and Laszlo Nemes CS/RO Victoria Australia lg 111 SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, BV First edition 1996 © 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Chapman & Hall in 1996 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1996 ISBN 978-1-4757-5862-7 ISBN 978-0-387-34983-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-34983-1 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ~ Printed on permanent acid-free text paper, manufactured in accordance with ANSIINISO Z39.48-l992 and ANSIINISO Z39.48-1984 (Permanence of Paper). CONTENTS Foreword vii Acknowledgements ix PART ONE Papers 1 1 Enterprise integration - engineering tools for designing enterprises P. Bemus and L. Nemes 3 2 Use of the Purdue enterprise reference architecture and methodology in industry (the Fluor Daniel example) G.A. Rathwell and T.J. Williams 12 3 Process oriented presentation of modelling methodologies K. Kosanke 45 4 Enterprise representation: an analysis of standard issues J.G. Nell 56 5 Process-oriented modelling and analysis of business processes using the R/3 reference model G. Keller and S. Detering 69 6 A framework for business renovation: toward an intellectual infrastructure for the extended enterprise Y. Shibata 88 7 Multicriteria-based decision making models for computer integrated enterprise Lj.B. Vlacic 103 8 Conceptual design of information systems based on enterprise modelling H. Grabowski, G. Grein, P. Milde and U. Weber 113 9 Manufacturing strategy assessment for enterprise integration R. Bemelman and D.H. Jarvis 126 10 The logic of enterprise modelling M. GruningerandM.S. Fox 140 11 Repository structures for evolving federated database schemas M.A. Jeusfeld and M. Jarke 158 12 CIM business process and enterprise activity modelling F.B. Vemadat 171 v1 Contents 13 The meaning of an enterprise model P. Bemus, L. Nemes and R. Morris 183 14 A situation theoretic approach to the representation of processes C. Menzel and R.J. Mayer 201 15 Enterprise engineering methods and tools which facilitate simulation, emulation and enactment via formal models R.H. Weston and P.J. Gilders 218 16 Workflow-management-systems as enterprise engineering tools C. Buj)ler 234 17 Objects and environments in dynamic CIMOSA models l.L. Kotsiopoulos 248 18 A systematic approach to the analysis and (re)design of logistic networks P. W. van der Veer and R.H.J. Demkes 262 19 Modeling and simulation in enterprise integration - a framework and an application in the offshore oil industry L. C. Christensen, T.R. Christiansen, Y. lin, R.E. Levitt and J. Kunz 282 20 Production scheduling: a generic building block for enterprise integration G. Schmidt 305 21 Challenges and directions for EI: a distributed AI perspective M. Klein 319 22 A methodology for developing agent based systems for enterprise integration E.A. Kendall, M. T. Malkoun and C. Jiang 333 23 A change architecture for enterprises: a semiotic model M. Cross and F. O'Brien 345 24 Distributed object oriented logic programming as a tool for enterprise modelling K.L. Clark, N. Skarmeas and T.l. Wang 358 PART TWO Transcript of Discussions and Panel Session 375 Transcript of Discussions 377 Panel Session 433 Index of contributors 451 Keyword index 452 Foreword The aim of IFIP Working Conferences is to present the state-of-the-art in a specific domain and to provide a discussion forum for future developments in that domain. The background of this conference requires some further explanation. This meeting was not a continuation of a successful series of established high profile events, but on the contrary, it gave birth to a completely new discipline: enterprise integration. Is Enterprise Integration a new discipline? We have been integrating enterprises for twenty years, at least we have used the word 'integration' on thousands of occasions, reporting industrial successes for enterprise-wide information processing. Looking closely at the solutions reported sofar, these 'integrated enterprises' solved some of the software interoperability issues and offered rationalised material flow under computer control. All these enterprises were individually specified and developed. The efforts and costs to make them work were so high that industry was disappointed with the cost/benefit results. The real nightmare came, however, when modifica­ tions were necessary or additions were needed in such systems. In the mid-eighties industry realised that more systematic approaches were needed to design enterprises for their entire life-cycle. Various projects were started worldwide, dealing with architectures, design procedures and modelling tools for enterprise-wide integration. General recognition emerged that manufacturing processes, information networks and human (organisational) issues should concurrently be addressed. In 1990 an international Task Force was established by IFIC and IFAC to compare and evaluate the different architectures which were proposed by that time and the first major report1 of the Task Force was recently pub­ lished. During that work it was realised that architectures alone are difficult to use in the industry and methodologies are needed to guide the user through the process of engineering the enterprise. It also became obvious 1. Architectures for Enterprise Integration, P.Bernus, L.Nemes, T.J.Williams (Eds), Chapman and Hall, London (1996). viii Foreword that various design and modelling tools are needed at certain designs steps and these technologies have to be linked into the architectural framework. This complex technical field is now considered to be the area of enterprise integration. The need for this research led to the establishment of a profes­ sional group to address the
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