A Metamodel for Enterprise Architecture
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Enterprise Architecture
Enterprise Architecture The Zachman Framework: Intro to Sample Models © 1990-2011 John A. Zachman, Zachman International® Observation Enterprises are COMPLEX The US Pentagon GM Plant © 1990-2011 John A. Zachman, Zachman International® Agenda I. Enterprise Models from Literature II. Implementation Discussion III. Architecture Discussion IV. Column 1 Model Samples V. Row 1 Model Samples VI. Column 2 Model Samples VII.Etc., Etc. ‘till Time Is Up © 1990-2011 John A. Zachman, Zachman International® Models on my Bookshelf 1. "Requirements Analysis" by David C. Hay Activity Management A Complete Sarson and Gane Data Flow Diagram Physical Asset Value Constraints 2. "Information Modeling and Relational Databases" by Terry Halpin and Tony Morgan IT Company Schema and University Schema 3. "Enterprise Architecture for Integration" by Clive Finkelstein Strategic Model for sample solution Order entry data map with all attributes 5BNF data map - ORG and ROLE STRUCTURES 4. "Designing Quality Databases with IDEF1X Information Models" by Thomas A. Bruce Case Study Supplementary Material (Logical Data Model) 5. "Business Process Management"by Roger T. Burlton The Scope for Global Software Human Resources © 1990-2011 John A. Zachman, Zachman International® Models on my Bookshelf 6. "Enterprise Architecture at Work" by Marc Langhorst Services provided by Handle Claims Process Handle Claims and IT Support 7. "Business Process Engineering" by August Scheer ERM for Human Resource Planning Event-driven process chain for inbound logistics 8. "Data Model Resource -
Enterprise Architecture As Explanatory Information Systems Theory for Understanding Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Growth
sustainability Article Enterprise Architecture as Explanatory Information Systems Theory for Understanding Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Growth Aurona Gerber 1,2,* , Pierre le Roux 1,3 and Alta van der Merwe 1 1 Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, 0083 Pretoria, South Africa; [email protected] (P.R.); [email protected] (A.v.d.M.) 2 CAIR, Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, 0083 Pretoria, South Africa 3 Moyo, 0157 Centurion, South Africa * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 July 2020; Accepted: 7 October 2020; Published: 15 October 2020 Abstract: Understanding and explaining small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) growth is important for sustainability from multiple perspectives. Research indicates that SMEs comprise more than 80% of most economies, and their cumulative impact on sustainability considerations is far from trivial. In addition, for sustainability concerns to be prioritized, an SME has to be successful over time. In most developing countries, SMEs play a major role in solving socio-economic challenges. SMEs are an active research topic within the information systems (IS) discipline, often within the enterprise architecture (EA) domain. EA fundamentally adopts a systems perspective to describe the essential elements of a socio-technical organization and their relationships to each other and to the environment in order to understand complexity and manage change. However, despite rapid adoption originally, EA research and practice often fails to deliver on expectations. In some circles, EA became synonymous with projects that are over-budget, over-time and costly without the expected return on investment. In this paper, we argue that EA remains indispensable for understanding and explaining enterprises and that we fundamentally need to revisit some of the applications of EA. -
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 326
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 326 Editor-in-Chief A. Joe Turner, Seneca, SC, USA Editorial Board Foundations of Computer Science Mike Hinchey, Lero, Limerick, Ireland Software: Theory and Practice Bertrand Meyer, ETH Zurich, Switzerland Education Bernard Cornu, CNED-EIFAD, Poitiers, France Information Technology Applications Ronald Waxman, EDA Standards Consulting, Beachwood, OH, USA Communication Systems Guy Leduc, Université de Liège, Belgium System Modeling and Optimization Jacques Henry, Université de Bordeaux, France Information Systems Barbara Pernici, Politecnico di Milano, Italy Relationship between Computers and Society Chrisanthi Avgerou, London School of Economics, UK Computer Systems Technology Paolo Prinetto, Politecnico di Torino, Italy Security and Privacy Protection in Information Processing Systems Kai Rannenberg, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany Artificial Intelligence Max A. Bramer, University of Portsmouth, UK Human-Computer Interaction Annelise Mark Pejtersen, Center of Cognitive Systems Engineering, Denmark Entertainment Computing Ryohei Nakatsu, National University of Singapore IFIP – The International Federation for Information Processing IFIP was founded in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, following the First World Computer Congress held in Paris the previous year. An umbrella organi- zation for societies working in information processing, IFIP’s aim is two-fold: to support information processing within its member countries and to encourage technology transfer to developing nations. As its mission statement clearly states, IFIP’s mission is to be the leading, truly international, apolitical organization which encourages and assists in the development, ex- ploitation and application of information technology for the benefit of all people. IFIP is a non-profitmaking organization, run almost solely by 2500 volunteers. It operates through a number of technical committees, which organize events and publications. -
Integrating ABC and IDEF0 Techniques for the Evaluation of Workflow Management Systems
Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Engineering and Data Bases, Madrid, Spain, February 15-17, 2006 (pp436-440) Integrating ABC and IDEF0 Techniques for the Evaluation of Workflow Management Systems ELIAS A. HADZILIAS IÉSEG School of Management Université Catholique de Lille 3, rue de la Digue, 59800 Lille FRANCE [email protected] Abstract: - This paper addresses the problem of the actual cost of a Workflow Management System that is implemented in order to support a business process in a company. In order to specify this cost, we employ the IDEF0 function modelling method in combination with the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) technique. A workflow is comprised of the activities which are assigned a cost in the context of the implementation of a Workflow Management System. This cost per activity is analysed to its particular elements that refer to all aspects of the system, that is, hardware, software and organisational resources’ costs. Key-Words: - Enterprise modelling, Activity-Based Costing, Workflow Management System 1 Introduction setting problem is important because the efficiency Nowadays, computer applications, such as electronic of overall processes is determined depending on the commerce and collaborative commerce, have been decision. However, the existing WFMS lacks proper driving changes in the traditional relationship among methods of solving the problem. companies. This fact intensifies competition and Workflow is a business process, automated in also it facilitates mutual collaboration. These whole or part, during which documents, information changes have resulted in more complex business or tasks are passed to an appropriate task performer processes in companies. -
Study of Implementing Zachman Framework for Modeling Information Systems for Manufacturing Enterprises Aggregate Planning
Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January 22 – 24, 2011 Study of Implementing Zachman Framework for Modeling Information Systems for Manufacturing Enterprises Aggregate Planning Radwan, A., and Majid Aarabi Department of Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, MALAYSIA [email protected] , [email protected] Abstract Response time on orders of customers is becoming a critical issue to achieve a competitive advantage. A major problem is a lack of strategic perspective of information systems. A need for adequate tools and methodologies to model the system structure and to define integrated requirements is a must for the manufacturing enterprises. This paper presents a study of implementing Zachman Framework ZF to model information systems for aggregate planning activities within the manufacturing enterprises. An Information System for simulating the aggregate planning activities such as evaluating the various planes for determining the production rate, inventory levels, subcontracting and the required human resources is modeled. This is assumed to provide control over the order processes and reporting the orders status online. It is assumed that the customer can have access to the system to follow up with his order progressing status. Managers would have control on orders transactions, and workshop floor supervisors could monitor and control the orders processing online. Some artifacts are introduced to ZF to enhance its capability for modeling of information systems for Aggregate Planning in Manufacturing Enterprises. Keywords: Manufacturing Information Systems, Zachman Framework, Enterprise architecture, Aggregate planning, Modeling. 1. Introduction Nowadays, the enterprises encounter with numerous amount of data. -
8899668 Lprob 1.Pdf
International Handbooks on Information Systems Series Editors Peter Bernus, Jacek Błaz˙ewicz, Günter Schmidt, Michael Shaw Titles in the Series M. Shaw, R. Blanning, T. Strader and A. Whinston (Eds.) Handbook on Electronic Commerce ISBN 3-540-65822-X J. Błaz˙ewicz, K. Ecker, B. Plateau and D. Trystram (Eds.) Handbook on Parallel and Distributed Processing ISBN 3-540-66441-6 H. H. Adelsberger, B. Collis and J. M. Pawlowski (Eds.) Handbook on Information Technologies for Education and Training ISBN 3-540-67803-4 C. W. Holsapple (Ed.) Handbook on Knowledge Management 1 Knowledge Matters ISBN 3-540-43527-1 Handbook on Knowledge Management 2 Knowledge Matters ISBN 3-540-43527-1 J. Błaz˙ewicz, W. Kubiak, T. Morzy and M. Rusinkiewicz (Eds.) Handbook on Data Management in Information Systems ISBN 3-540-43893-9 S. Staab and R. Studer (Eds.) Handbook on Ontologies ISBN 3-540-40834-7 S. O. Kimbrough and D. J. Wu (Eds.) Formal Modelling in Electronic Commerce ISBN 3-540-21431-3 P.Bernus, K. Mertins and G. Schmidt (Eds.) Handbook on Architectures of Information Systems ISBN 3-540-25472-2 (Second Edition) Peter Bernus Kai Mertins Günter Schmidt Editors Handbook on Architectures of Information Systems Second Edition with 317 Figures and 19 Tables 123 Assoc. Professor Dr. Peter Bernus School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Kessels Rd Nathan QLD 4111 Australia E-mail: [email protected] Professor Dr. Kai Mertins Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology Corporate Management Pascalstraße 8–9 10587 Berlin Germany E-mail: [email protected] Professor Dr. -
Steps in Enterprise Modelling Aroadmap
Steps in Enterprise Modelling aRoadmap Joannis L. Kotsiopoulos\ (Ed.), Torsten Engel2, Frank-Walter Jaekel3, Kurt Kosanke4, Juan Carlos Mendez Barreiro 5, Angel Ortiz Bas6, Michael Petie, and Patrik Raynaud8 1Zenon S.A., Greece, 2Fztr PDE, Germany, 3FhG-IPK, Germany, 4CIMOSA Association, Germany, 5AdN Internacional, S.A. de C. V., Mexico, 6Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain, 7Univ. Notre-Dame de Ia Paix, Namur, Belgium, 8PSA, France, [email protected] Abstract: see Quad Chart on page 2 1 INTRODUCTION Advances in Information Technology have made Enterprise Modelling possible for many enterprises of today. A variety of software tools has ap peared in the market, processing power has dramatically increased, model ling architectures have evolved and even matured. Despite such advances however, widespread use of models, as a strategic decision support tool en compassing large industrial sectors, remains unattainable. The working group analysed the current situation, identified major problems and issues as causes and suggested a roadmap for the next steps in Enterprise Modelling. The following Quad-Chart (Table 1) summarises the work of the group that addressed those requirements. It identifies the approach taken to resolve the issues and proposes a project and ideas for future work for testing and enhancing the proposed solutions. The original version of this chapter was revised: The copyright line was incorrect. This has been corrected. The Erratum to this chapter is available at DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-35621-1_43 K. Kosanke -
Examining Capabilities As Architecture
September 2013 BPTrends ▪ Examining Capabilities as Architecture Examining Capabilities as Architecture Ralph Whittle Introduction This Article is a direct response to one written by Mike Rosen titled, “Are Capabilities Architecture?” [1] published in February 2013 by BPTrends It offers a different and contrasting point of view on accepting capability modeling and mapping as “architecture.” Business Architecture (BA) approaches and methods, while still evolving, have at least reached a point of maturity where the enterprise can fairly assess how it will develop and advance this initiative. As with any emerging field, a variety of approaches and methods will develop and enjoy success. From an historical perspective, consider the number of Business Process Management (BPM), Enterprise Architecture (EA) and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) approaches that have matured over the years. And no doubt, the same will eventually occur with the Business Architecture over the next few years. However, just as with the BPM, EA and SOA some different and contrasting points of view will find their way into the various Business Architecture approaches, techniques and methods. Today, at least two different and contrasting organizing principles are considered for Business Architecture. One is “capability centric” and the other is “process centric.” This article advocates and supports the “process centric” organizing principle, specifically using a value stream which is an end-to-end collection of activities that creates a result for a “customer,” who may be the ultimate customer or an internal “end user” of the value stream. The value stream has a clear goal: to satisfy (or, better, to delight) the customer.[2] This is a well known term, familiar in Six Sigma, Lean Manufacturing and BPM approaches. -
Enterprise Architecture 1 Zachman Framework
member of The Zachman Framework Prof. Dr. Knut Hinkelmann Introduction to Business-IT Alignment and Enterprise Architecture 1 Zachman Framework ■ Regarded the origin of enterprise architecture frameworks (originally called "Framework for Information Systems Architecture") ■ First version published in 1987 by John Zachman ■ It is still further developed by Zachman International (http://www.zachman.com) ■ Often referenced as a standard approach for expressing the basic elements of enterprise architecture Zachman, J.A., 1987. A framework for information systems architecture. IBM Systems Journal, 26(3). Prof. Dr. Knut Hinkelmann Enterprise Architecture Frameworks 2 Rationale of the Zachman Architecture ■ There is not a single descriptive representation for a complex object ... there is a SET of descriptive representations. ■ Descriptive representations (of anything) typically include: ♦ Perspectives Abstractions ♦ Abstractions Perspectives (Zachman 2012) Prof. Dr. Knut Hinkelmann Enterprise Architecture Frameworks 3 Dimension 1 – Perspectives Zachman originally used the analogy of classical architecture For the different stakeholders different aspects of a building are relevant - models of the building from different perspectives Bubble charts: conceptual representation delivered by the architect Architect's drawing: transcription of the owner's perceptual requirements – owner's perspective Architect's plans: translation of the owner's requirements into a product – designer's perspective Contractor's plans: phases of operation, architect's plans contrained by nature and technology – builder's perspective Shop plans: parts/sections/components of building details (out-of-context specification) – subcontractor's perspective The building: physical building itself (Zachman 1987) Prof. Dr. Knut Hinkelmann Enterprise Architecture Frameworks 4 Dimension 1: Architectural Representations with analogies in Building and Information Systems (Zachman 1987) Prof. -
0 ~A1, Architectures for Enterprise Integ Ration Pe T Er Bern U S, Laszlo Nemes and Theodore J
rite tures or Enter rise • Peter Bernus Laszlo Nemes and Theodore J. Williams ~ t: IFAC t> It') lLiJ CHAPMAN & HALL 0 ~a1, Architectures for Enterprise Integ ration Pe t er Bern u s, Laszlo Nemes and Theodore J. Will iams The 1990s have seen many large-scale efforts to transform companies into more agile and efficient global enterprises. An important lesson from the efforts in computer-integrated manufacturing and other businesses has been that enterprises-like any other system - need to be properly designed and that methods to do this should become widely available and publicised. Architectures for Enterprise Integration describes the latest methods to guide enterprises and consultants, managers and technical personnel through a complete life-cycle of enterprise development. This book is based on the findings of the IFIP/IFAC Task Force and presents a state-of-the-art review of enterprise architecture, including: • analysis and comparison of the three major architectural frameworks and methodologies; • identification of the strengths and weaknesses of each methodology to enable users to select the approach which best suits their needs; • a road map for the development of more complete methodologies by using existing ones. This book is essential reading for all practising engineers and researchers in manufacturing and engineering management and will be of special interest to those involved in CIM and enterprise modelling and integration. p . Peter Bemus is the vice-chair of the IFIP/IFAC Task Force for Architectures for Enterprise Integration, and is a Senior Lecturer at the School of Computing and Information Technology at Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia. -
A Metamodel for Enterprise Architecture Peter Bernus, Ovidiu Noran
A Metamodel for Enterprise Architecture Peter Bernus, Ovidiu Noran To cite this version: Peter Bernus, Ovidiu Noran. A Metamodel for Enterprise Architecture. IFIP TC 5 International Conference on Enterprise Architecture, Integration and Interoperability (EAI2N) / Held as Part of World Computer Congress (WCC), Sep 2010, Brisbane, Australia. pp.56-65, 10.1007/978-3-642- 15509-3_6. hal-01054819 HAL Id: hal-01054819 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01054819 Submitted on 8 Aug 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License A Metamodel for Enterprise Architecture Peter Bernus and Ovidiu Noran Griffith University, Nathan (Brisbane) Queensland 4111, Australia [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. The paper presents an evolved metamodel that has its origins in GERAM 1.6.3 but takes into considerations the needs of evolution of EA standards, including ISO 15704:2000 and ISO 42010:2000 – both currently under review. Keywords: Enterprise Architecture Framework, metamodelling, GERAM 1 Introduction This paper aims to present an evolved metamodel of GERAM. The original GERAM document that formed the basis of ISO 15704:2000 had an informally expressed metamodel (IFIP-IFAC, 1999; Fig 1) but recent trends in standards development require that the metamodel be expressed in a formal way. -
Modelling, Analysis and Design of Computer Integrated Manueactur1ng Systems
MODELLING, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUEACTUR1NG SYSTEMS Volume I of II ABDULRAHMAN MUSLLABAB ABDULLAH AL-AILMARJ October-1998 A thesis submitted for the DEGREE OP DOCTOR OF.PHILOSOPHY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD 3n ti]S 5íamc of Allai]. ¿Hoot (gractouo. iHHoßt ¿Merciful. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to my supervisor Professor Keith Ridgway for devoting freely of his time to read, discuss, and guide this research, and for his assistance in selecting the research topic, obtaining special reference materials, and contacting industrial collaborations. His advice has been much appreciated and I am very grateful. I would like to thank Mr Bruce Lake at Brook Hansen Motors who has patiently answered my questions during the case study. Finally, I would like to thank my family for their constant understanding, support and patience. l To my parents, my wife and my son. ABSTRACT In the present climate of global competition, manufacturing organisations consider and seek strategies, means and tools to assist them to stay competitive. Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) offers a number of potential opportunities for improving manufacturing systems. However, a number of researchers have reported the difficulties which arise during the analysis, design and implementation of CIM due to a lack of effective modelling methodologies and techniques and the complexity of the systems. The work reported in this thesis is related to the development of an integrated modelling method to support the analysis and design of advanced manufacturing systems. A survey of various modelling methods and techniques is carried out. The methods SSADM, IDEFO, IDEF1X, IDEF3, IDEF4, OOM, SADT, GRAI, PN, 10A MERISE, GIM and SIMULATION are reviewed.