Enterprise Integration and Networking: Challenges and Trends Arturo Molina, Hervé Panetto, David Chen, Larry Whitman, Vincent Chapurlat, Francois B
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Enterprise Integration and Networking: challenges and trends Arturo Molina, Hervé Panetto, David Chen, Larry Whitman, Vincent Chapurlat, Francois B. Vernadat To cite this version: Arturo Molina, Hervé Panetto, David Chen, Larry Whitman, Vincent Chapurlat, et al.. Enterprise Integration and Networking: challenges and trends. Studies in Informatics and Control, Informatics and Control Publications, 2007, 16 (4), pp.353-368. hal-00193972 HAL Id: hal-00193972 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00193972 Submitted on 5 Dec 2007 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Molina A., Panetto H., Chen D., Whitman L., Chapurlat V., Vernadat F.B. (2007). Enterprise Integration and Networking: Challenges and Trends. Studies in Informatics and Control. 16/4. December, Informatics and Control Publications. ISSN 1220-1766 Enterprise Integration and Networking: challenges and trends Arturo Molina 1, Hervé Panetto 2, David Chen 3, 4 5 6 Lawrence Whitman , Vincent Chapurlat , and François Vernadat IFAC TC 5.3 Enterprise Integration and Networking * 1 Tecnologico de Monterrey, [email protected] 2 CRAN – UMR 7039, Nancy-University, CNRS, [email protected] 3 University Bordeaux 1, [email protected] 4 Wichita State University, [email protected] 5 Centre de Recherche LGI2P, Nîmes, France, [email protected] 6 EC, Unit for e-Commission, Interoperability, Architecture and Methods Franç[email protected] Research and developments in Enterprise Integration and Networking requires to identify challenges and trends in order to establish a set of coherent vision for future research. This paper summarizes the need for Enterprise Integration and Networking solutions and defines challenges for enterprise modelling and integration. 1. Introduction Future scenarios place Information and Communication Technologies to be core in new developments. Digital megatrends such as: e-Tailing, e-Government, Entertainment on demand, virtual education and a wide set of online services (finance, publishing, marketing) will be part of everyone life’s. However all these applications and systems will require satisfying the following fundamental requirements (Molina et al.2005): • Enterprise integration and interoperability • Distributed organization • Model-based monitor and control • Heterogeneous environments • Open and dynamic structure • Cooperation • Integration of humans with software and hardware • Agility, scalability and fault tolerance. This paper summarizes the need for Enterprise Integration and Networking Solutions and describes the challenges and trends that IFAC TC 5.3 has identified as * http://www.ifac-tc53.org Molina et al. Enterprise Integration and Networking 2 important and relevant for future research work. The challenges have been classified according to the following areas (Figure 1): • Collaborative Networked Organizations • Enterprise Modelling and Reference Models • Enterprise and Processes Models Interoperability • Validation, Verification, Qualification and Accreditation of Enterprise Models • Model Reuse and Repositories Domains Theories, Models, Languages, Tools Research Challenges Setups due % of on • CNOs reference models to bumping Supplier on + time time % Collaborative + deliveries Total machine Manufacturing - setups - lead times + • Theoretical models + Average Running - + Processing - + Networked Setup times Machine hours as % WIP Inventory Other costs hours of total - + Downtimes + • Formal methods Total available Manufacturing machine hours services Organizations + expenses Gross Profit Shop floor Margin employees + Inspection Shop floor • Empirical studies hours as % + payroll Scrap, + of total rework and reject rate + Raw materials Raw materials Recycle and - + and parts and parts reuse rate inventory expenses 0 ..1 has 1 Geometry Ue ml_object Finished + +d: dec ima l { Abstr ait} goods +h: dec ima l + desc riptio n:str ing F low +w :de cimal + name: str ing { Abs tra it} +x: dec ima l inventory +na me:st ring +y: dec ima l +de scr iption: string +z: dec ima l * contains 0 ..1 { complete, Ueml_model disjoint} Interoperability + name :str ing + des cr iption:s tring ControlFlow ResourceFlow + name: str ing 0..1 +n ame:s tring barriers + desc riptio n:str ing +d escr iption: str ing IOFlow + name: str ing + desc ription :str ing Interoperability Integrated 0.. 1 0..1 * approaches Enterprise Modelling Object carries + name :str ing Unified + des cript ion:st ring carries • UEML for applications Activity * * TriggerFlow ConstraintFlow + delay ed:b oolea n child Federated Informatio nObject + name :str ing +n ame:s tring + dur ation :dur ation {p are nt < > ch ild} + desc ript ion:str ing +d esc ription :str ing + dur ation -un it:str ing p are nt +na me:s tring + ef for t:b yte +de scr iption: str ing + ef for t- unit:s tring 0..1 and Reference + pr iority: strin g + stat e[0. .1]:s tring 1 has carries 1 + name :str ing + des crip tion:st ring A r eso urc e play s a role for an ac tivity. The sa me r esou rc e co uld play an othe r r ole f or ano the r a ctivity 1 interoperability in has 1..* 1..* * < <Enu mer ation> > ResourceRole OutputPo rt InputPort Connectio nOperator ROLETYPE +na me:str ing + name: str ing +n ame:s tring + logicalr elation: LOGICAL +de scr iption:s tring + desc riptio n:str ing +d escr iption: str ing + name :str ing objec t 0 ..1 * + desc ript ion:str ing org unit Models per son r oleQu alifier Business tool * • Ontology for networked plays or igin * Anchor * Resource * +na me:str ing Process + name: str ing + desc ription :str ing +de scr iption:s tring * ta rge t Port enterprises interoperability Mate rialResource HumanResource +n ame:s tring +na me:st ring + name :str ing +d escr iption: str ing +de scr iption: string + des cr iption:s tring Service • Semantic annotations Data Enterprise Enterprise and Organizati on DocumentConceptual s Organisational Resources Model Requirement s Technological Views Processes Models Infor mation Model Function Model Identification Interoperability Model Model Model • Interoperability architectures Conceptualizati on • Interoperability process Specification Project Model Model Model life cycle Design classification framework Devel opment Expl oitation Model • Model repository classification Validation, Verification, Functional Model Information Model End / Reuse Refers To scheme Qualification and generic partial specific Gen ericit y Produces and annotates models Accreditation of Ontology1 Ontology n Enterprise Models • Process definition, execution Ontology Annotation Annotation provider Management Management Services Services and tracking • Process analysis, prediction, monitoring and optimization Model Reuse and • Process data mining and Repository visualization Figure 1. Research Challenges for Enterprise Integration and Networking 2. The need for Enterprise Integration and Networking solutions 2.1 Key concepts of Enterprise Integration Enterprise integration is a domain of research developed since 1990’s as the extension of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM). Enterprise integration research is mainly carried out within two distinct research communities: enterprise modelling and Information Technology (IT). The notion of Enterprise Integration as it is understood in the frame of enterprise modelling refers to a set of concepts and approaches such as for example the definition of a global architecture of the system, the consistency of system-wide decision making (coherences between local and Molina et al. Enterprise Integration and Networking 3 global objectives), the notion of the process which models activity flow beyond the borders of functions, the dynamic allocation of resources as well as the consistency of data (Vernadat 2002). It is to notice that enterprise integration is an essential component of enterprise engineering which concerns the set of methods, models and tools that one can use to analyse, design and continually maintain an enterprise in an integrated state. Enterprise integration can be approached in various manners according to the interest of the study (Chen and Vernadat, 2004). CEN TC310/WG1 has recognised three levels of integration: (1) Physical Integration (interconnection of devices, NC machines, PLCs, via computer networks), (2) Application Integration (dealing with interoperability of software applications and database systems in heterogeneous computing environments) and (3) Business Integration (co-ordination of functions that manage, control and monitor business processes). Michel (1997) considers that integration can be obtained in terms of: (1) data (data modelling), (2) organisation (modelling of systems and processes) and (3) communication (modelling of computer networks, for example the 7-layer OSI model). Integration can be total, i.e. the standard is the software or system itself. Integration can be achieved by unification (the possible standards are methods, architectures, constructs and reusable partial models) or by federation (the possible standards are interfaces, reference models