DOCSLIB.ORG

Nutritional and Phytogenic Properties of Soursop (Annona Muricata) Leaf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nutritional and Phytogenic Properties of Soursop (Annona Muricata) Leaf 20 СЕЛСКОСТОПАНСКА АКАДЕМИЯ ● ЖИВОТНОВЪДНИ НАУКИ, LVII, 1/2020 Nutritional and Phytogenic Properties of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Meal on the Productive and Physiological Performances of West African Dwarf Goats *Peter-Damian Chukwunomso Jiwuba, Lilian Nonye Azodo and Chinenye Uzoma Department of Animal Production Technology, Federal College of Agriculture, P.M.B.7008 – Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. *Corresponding author: Е-mail address: [email protected] Citation: Jiwuba, P. C., Azodo, L. N., & Uzoma, C. (2020). Nutritional and Phytogenic Properties of Soursop (Annona muricata) leaf Meal on the Productive and Physiological Performances of West African Dwarf Goats. Zhivotnovadni Nauki, 57(1), 20-28 (Bg). Abstract The study aimed to examine the effect of soursop (Annona muricata) leaf meal (AMLM) diets on productive and physiological characteristics of West African dwarf (WAD) goats. Thirty six bucks were randomly divided into four experimental groups of nine animals each. Each group was assigned to one of the experimental diets formulated to contain AMLM at 0% (control), 15%, 30% and 45% for 82 days in a completely randomized design (CRD). The proximate composition of the experimental diets ranges from 87.32–89.19% dry matter (DM), 14.72–15.59% crude protein (CP), 27.18–29.30% crude fibre (CF), 9.48–13.62% ash, 2.00–2.31% ether extract (EE), 26.81–32.80% nitrogen free ex- tract (NFE) and 3.56–3.73 MJ/kg gross energy (GE). The chemical analysis of the AMLM revealed 90.91% DM, 20.39% CP, 16.20% CF, 10.62% ash, 4.31% EE, 39.39% NFE and 3.93 MJ/kg GE. The results on intake and body weight changes showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement with the inclu- sion of AMLM in the diets for final body weight, daily weight gain, daily feed intake, forage dry mat- ter intake, supplement dry matter intake, total dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio. AMLM at 45% inclusion produced the best (P < 0.05) packed cell volume and lymphocyte concentration in comparison to other treatments. AMLM at 15, 30 and 45% resulted to improved red blood cells, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, and white blood cells concentration when compared with the control. Sodium and chloride were however best (P < 0.05) at 15, 30 and 45% supplementations. The results indicated that AMLM enhanced body weight gain, dry matter intake, haemopoiesis and health status of the WAD goats and therefore should be incorporated into goat feeding programme to enhance bet- ter productivity. Key words: body weight changes, dry matter intake, phytobiotics, blood profile, small ruminant Introduction the most prolific of all the domesticated rumi- nants under tropical and subtropical conditions, Goat is one of the domestic livestock of high with high conception rate, early breeding age, inestimable value in developed and developing high birth weight, high weaning weight, moder- countries. Its production has witnessed progres- ate kid survival rate, short gestation length, early sive growth in recent years. In most tropical maturity and moderate kidding interval. How- countries, goats are non-seasonal breeders and ever, the West African dwarf (WAD) goat is the СЕЛСКОСТОПАНСКА АКАДЕМИЯ ● ЖИВОТНОВЪДНИ НАУКИ, LVII, 1/2020 21 most adaptable breed of small ruminants found cytotoxic activity, which tend to be more toxic to in rain forest and derived savanna zones where cancer and tumor cells than to normal cells (Dai they are raised under smallholder management et al., 2011). However, McLaughling (2008) re- system. In eastern part of Nigeria, WAD goats ported that selective cytotoxicity of A. muricata are vital in marriages, religious rites, good me- may be attributed to the higher ATP demand of dium of establishing friendship, common stake cancer cells with respect to normal cells. Not- used as an object of fine for restoration of peace withstanding, these properties, A. muricata leaf in communities and a ready source of family in- meal has not gained prominence as feedstuff for come. goats, especially as a component of WAD goat Nevertheless, poor quality diets challenges diet. The study was therefore, aimed at to evalu- WAD goats in expressing their full potential. This ate the growth performance and blood profile of may be due to high cost of conventional concen- WAD goats fed graded levels of A. muricata leaf trate, seasonal variations and little knowledge meal in their diets with a view of ascertaining about efficient use of unconventional resources its nutritional and phytogenic properties for en- (Jiwuba and Ogbuewu, 2019) by goat farmers. hanced goat production. Single possible means of improving the diets of goats is through formulation of supplemental di- ets with leaf meals from plants with phytogen- Materials and methods ic properties. One of such plants with reported (Coria-Téllez et al., 2016) phytogenic properties The experiment was carried out at the Rabbit is soursop (Annona muricata). Jiwuba and Ka- Unit, Federal College of Agriculture – Ishiagu, durumba (2019) attributed the recent attention Ebonyi state, Nigeria. The College is located at on the utilization of phytogenic plant materi- about three kilometers (3km) away from Ishiagu als in animal nutrition to their growth promot- main town. The College is situated at latitude ing and medicinal properties. Soursop (Annona 5.56 °N and longitude 7.31 °E, with an average muricata), belongs to the genus Annona, family rainfall of 1653 mm and a prevailing tempera- Annonaceae and order Magnoliales and known ture condition of 28.50 °C and relative humidity by diverse names like Graviola (Portuguese), of about 80%. Sawamsop (Igbos), Ebo (Yorubas) and Fasadarur The experimental material Annona muri- (Hausas). A. muricata is a tropical plant usually cata leaves were sourced and harvested within cultivated for its nutritious and sour tasty fruit Ishiagu environ and air dried for some days to a and serve as medicinal plant for the treatment moisture content of about 10–15%. Other feed ingre- of various ailments. The nutritional assay of A. dients were procured from Farm associate – Enugu, muricata revealed high vitamin B and C, phos- Enugu State, Nigeria. Fresh, succulent, greenish phorus, iron and calcium contents (Enweani et non-over matured Annona muricata leaves were al., 2004). Earlier reports (Badrie and Schauss, harvested to ensure lower value of lignin and 2009; Ezuruike and Prieto, 2014; Coria-Téllez, et higher nutrient availability. The leaves were air al., 2016) enumerated the value of A. muricata dried in batches before passing through a 10 mm leaves in the treatment of hypertension, diabe- hammer mill and further used in the formulation tes, parasites, cancer, kidney disorders, cold, flu, of the experimental diets. Four diets T1, T2, T3, asthma, malaria, digestive problems, microbial and T4, were formulated. The Annona muricata and worm infestation, inflammations, pains and leaf meal (AMLM) was included at the levels of respiratory disorders. Studies have shown that A. 0%, 15%, 30% and 45% for T1, T2, T3, and T4, muricata leaves (Matsushige et al., 2011; Ragasa respectively as presented in Table 1. et al., 2012; Vijayameena et al., 2013) contain Thirty-six (36) intact WAD bucks of about reasonable amount of alkaloid, acetogenins, phe- 8–10 months of age and averaging 7.96 kg in nols, vitamins and carotenoids. The popularity weight were selected from the College flock for of A. muricata may be attributed to its selective this experiment. The goats were randomly divided 22 СЕЛСКОСТОПАНСКА АКАДЕМИЯ ● ЖИВОТНОВЪДНИ НАУКИ, LVII, 1/2020 Table 1. Composition of the experimental diets Dietary levels Ingredients T1 (0%) T2 (15%) T3 (30%) T4 (45%) Annona murica leaf meal 0.00 15.00 30.00 45.00 Cassava peel 36.00 36.00 36.00 36.00 Wheat offal 18.00 13.00 10.00 6.00 Brewer’s dried grain 23.30 17.30 11.30 5.30 Palm kernel cake 20.00 16.00 10.00 5.00 Bone meal 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Salt 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Premix 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 into four groups of nine animals each. The groups collection. Serum biochemistry (Total Protein, were randomly assigned the four experimental di- Creatinine, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine ets (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in a completely randomized aminotransferase and Alkaline phosphatase) and design (CRD) pattern. The animals were housed haematological parameters (Packed cell volume, individually in a well-ventilated cement floored Haemoglobin, Red blood cell and White blood pens equipped with feeders and drinkers. Each cell) were measured using Beckman Coulter Ac- animal received a designated treatment diet in T10 Laboratory Haematology Blood Analyzer the morning (8 am) for 82 days. Feed offered was and Bayer DCA 2000 + HbA1c analyzer, respec- based on 4.0% body weight per day; the animals tively. Mean cells haemoglobin (MCH), Mean were in addition fed 1 kg wilted chopped Panicum cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin maximum later in the day (4 pm). Regular access concentrations (MCHC) were calculated. The to fresh drinking water was made available. Initial standard flame photometry using Gallenkamp body weights of the animals were taken at the be- analysis were used to determine serum sodium ginning of the feeding trial and weekly thereafter. (Na+) ion, Potassium (K+) ion, Chloride (ion-), Final live weight was obtained by weighing the Phosphorus, and HCO3. goats at the end of the experiment. Daily weight All the sample of feed and test ingredients gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio was analyzed for their chemical composition us- were calculated accordingly. ing the method of AOAC (2000). The following Blood samples (10 ml) were drawn from each were determined and analyzed; Dry matter con- animal on the last day of the study.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cherimoya and Guanabana in the Archaeological Record of Peru
    Journal of Ethnobiology 17(2):235-248 Winter 1997 CHERIMOYA AND GUANABANA IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD OF PERU THOMAS POZORSKI AND SHELIA POZORSKI Department of Psychology and Anthropology University of Texas-Pan American Edinburg, TX 78539 ABSTRACT.-Most researchers commonly assume that both cherimoya (Annona cherimolia) and guanabana (Annona muricata) have long been a part of the prehistoric record of ancient Peru. However, archaeological and ethnohistoric research in the past 25years strongly indicates that cherimoya was not introduced into Peru until ca. A.D. 1630 and that guanabana is only present after ca. A.D. 1000and is mainly associated with sites of the Chimu culture. RESUMEN.-La mayorfa de los investigadores suponen que tanto la chirimoya (Annona cherimola)como la guanabana (Annona muricata) han sido parte del registro prehist6rico del antiguo Peru por largo tiempo . Sin embargo, las in vestigaciones arqueol6gicas y etnohist6ricas de los ultimos veinticinco afios indican fuertemente que la chirimoya no fue introducida al Peru sino hasta 1630 D.C., Y que la guanabana esta presente s610 despues de aproximadamente 1000 D.C., Y esta asociada principalmente con sitios de la cultura chirmi. RESUME.- La plupart des chercheurs supposent couramment qu'une espece de pomme cannelle (Annonacherimolia)et le corossol (Annona muricata) ont faitpartie, pendant une longue periode, de l'inventaire prehistorique du Perou. Toutefois, les recherches archeologiques et ethnohistoriques des vingt-cinq dern ieres annees indiquent fortement que la pomme cannelle A. cherimolia ne fut introduite au Perou qu'aux environs de 1630 apr. J.-c. et la presence du corossol n'est attestee qu'en 1000apr.
    [Show full text]
  • PROPAGATION and CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES of BENTARA DURIAN (Durio Zibethinus Murr)
    ITTO PD 477/07 Rev. 4 (F) Improving Forest Functions in Bengkulu Province Through Community Participation in Rehabilitation of Degraded Forest by Using Local Prospective Commodities JAKARTA, DECEMBER 2018 Improving Forest Functions in Bengkulu Province Through Community Participation in Rehabilitation of Degraded Forest by Using Local Prospective Commodities By: Herry Gusmara, Gunggung Senoaji, Yansen, Rustama Saepudin, Kamboya THE DIRECTORATE OF FOREST TREE SEED JAKARTA, DECEMBER 2018 ITTO PD 477/07 Rev. 4 (F) Improving Forest Functions in Bengkulu Province Through Community Participation in Rehabilitation of Degraded Forest by Using Local Prospective Commodities. PROPAGATION AND CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES OF BENTARA DURIAN (Durio zibethinus Murr) By: Herry Gusmara, Gunggung Senoaji, Yansen, Rustama Saepudin, Kamboya Translated by: Herry Gusmara Proofreading by : Diah Rany, P.S Collaboration between: The Directorate of Forest Tree Seed, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Government of Indonesia. Manggala Wanabakti Building, Jl. Gatot Subroto, Block I Floor 13rd, Central Jakarta. Telp. : 021-5730332 Facs. : 021-5730175 e-mail : [email protected] The Environment and Forestry Service of Bengkulu Province Jl. Pembangunan, Padang Harapan, Kota Bengkulu Telp : (0736) 20091, 22856 Facs : (0736) 22856 Second Edition, December 2018 Published by: The Directorate of Forest Tree Seed ITTO Project of PD 477/07 Rev. 4 (F) Manggala Wanabakti Building, Jl. Gatot Subroto, Block I Floor 13rd, Central Jakarta. Telp. : 021-5730332 Facs. : 021-5730175 e-mail : [email protected] ii | P a g e PREFACE The involvement of the community and the types of species that are used, usually determine the success of forest and land rehabilitation activities. In Bengkulu Province, one of the popular local prospectives species is Bentara Durian.
    [Show full text]
  • Modification of Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes from Soursop (Annona
    Arom & at al ic in P l ic a n d t Ajayi et al., Med Aromat Plants 2015, 4:1 e s M Medicinal & Aromatic Plants DOI: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000178 ISSN: 2167-0412 ResearchMini Review Article OpenOpen Access Access Modification of Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes from Soursop (Annona muricata) Fruit Deterioration for Improved Commercial Development of Clarified Soursop Juice (A Review) Ajayi AA*, Peter-Albert CF and Adedeji OM Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria Abstract The soursop fruit and the entire soursop plant is associated with a lot of health benefits which includes the killing of cancer cells in cancer patients. The treatment of cancer with soursop has been reported to be accompanied with the risk of Parkinson’s disease while soursop juice is considered safe for consumption. The fruit had been associated with preharvest and postharvest deterioration caused by microorganisms and this reduces the total production of soursop fruit. The deterioration process is being accompanied with the production of cell wall degrading enzymes which has the advantage of being used for industrial purposes. One of the important uses of these enzymes is in the clarification of fruit juices. This review proposes the genetic modification of the genes coding for important microbial enzymes for the clarification of soursop juice for improved yield, taste, and colour. Keywords: Soursop fruit; Health benefits; Soursop tree; Cancer; Cell nutritional quality of Soursop. A combination of 1-Methylcyclopropene wall degrading enzymes and wax emulsions was utilized in postharvest handling of Soursop because the combination can preserve the nutritional composition and Introduction antioxidant activity of the soursop fruit [6] (Moreno-Hernandez et al.).
    [Show full text]
  • Pollination of Cultivated Plants in the Tropics 111 Rrun.-Co Lcfcnow!Cdgmencle
    ISSN 1010-1365 0 AGRICULTURAL Pollination of SERVICES cultivated plants BUL IN in the tropics 118 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO 6-lina AGRICULTUTZ4U. ionof SERNES cultivated plans in tetropics Edited by David W. Roubik Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa, Panama Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations F'Ø Rome, 1995 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. M-11 ISBN 92-5-103659-4 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. FAO 1995 PlELi. uion are ted PlauAr David W. Roubilli (edita Footli-anal ISgt-iieulture Organization of the Untled Nations Contributors Marco Accorti Makhdzir Mardan Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Cascine del Ricci° Malaysian Bee Research Development Team 50125 Firenze, Italy 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Stephen L. Buchmann John K. S. Mbaya United States Department of Agriculture National Beekeeping Station Carl Hayden Bee Research Center P.
    [Show full text]
  • Proximate Composition, Vitamin, Mineral and Biologically Active Compounds Levels in Leaves of Mangifera Indica
    Full-text Available Online at J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. PRINT ISSN 1119-8362 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jasem Vol. 23 (1) 65–74 January 2019 ELECTRONIC ISSN 1119-8362 http://ww.bioline.org.br/ja Proximate Composition, Vitamin, Mineral and biologically Active Compounds Levels in Leaves of Mangifera indica (Mango), Persea americana (Avocado pea), and Annona muricata (Sour sop) *1PRINCEWILL-OGBONNA, IL; 2OGBONNA, PC; 3OGUJIOFOR, IB 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, P.M.B. 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria 2&3 Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, P.M.B. 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria *Corresponding author Email: [email protected] ; Tel: +234 7068656960 ABSTRACT: The high rate of food insecurity in Nigeria has resulted to malnutrition and sicknesses especially in the rural areas. To address this challenges, this study assessed the levels of biologically active compounds, some essential proximate, vitamin and mineral in leaves of Mango, Avocado pea and Sour sop to determine their nutritional and health benefits. The results indicate that the highest significant (P<0.05) values of crude protein (17.94±0.99 %), calorific value (370.47±1.01 KJ), carbohydrate (66.04±1.00 %), thiamine (0.52±0.01 mg), beta-carotene (115.50±0.01 mg) and K (0.60±0.01 %), alkaloid (2.26±0.01 %) and saponin (1.33±0.01 %) were observed in Avocado pea while ether extract (4.30±0.95 %), ash (8.24±0.99 %), crude fiber (10.60±0.95 %), ascorbic acid (13.20±0.90 mg), riboflavin (0.21±0.01 mg), Ca (4.41±0.01 %), P (0.40±0.01 %), tannin (1.38±0.01 %), flavonoid (0.85±0.01 %) and phenol (0.37±0.01 %) were obtained in Mango.
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome‐Level Reference Genome of the Soursop (Annona Muricata
    Received: 26 May 2020 | Revised: 5 February 2021 | Accepted: 8 February 2021 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13353 RESOURCE ARTICLE Chromosome- level reference genome of the soursop (Annona muricata): A new resource for Magnoliid research and tropical pomology Joeri S. Strijk1,2,3 | Damien D. Hinsinger2,4 | Mareike M. Roeder5,6 | Lars W. Chatrou7 | Thomas L.P. Couvreur8 | Roy H.J. Erkens9 | Hervé Sauquet10 | Michael D. Pirie11 | Daniel C. Thomas12 | Kunfang Cao13 1Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Brunei Darussalam 2Alliance for Conservation Tree Genomics, Pha Tad Ke Botanical Garden, Luang Prabang, Laos 3Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Biodiversity Genomics Team, Nanning, Guangxi, China 4Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Commissariat à l′Énergie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Université Évry, Université Paris- Saclay, Évry, France 5Community Ecology and Conservation Group, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China 6Aueninstitut, Institute for Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Rastatt, Germany 7Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium 8IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France 9Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands 10National Herbarium of New South Wales (NSW), Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney, NSW, Australia 11Department of Natural History,
    [Show full text]
  • Pawpaw Tree (Asimina Triloba)
    PAWPAW TREE (ASIMINA TRILOBA) TREE FACTS Pawpaws are a deciduous, understory shrub native to North America that produce the largest fruit of any native species! It belongs to the custard apple or soursop (ANNONACEAE) family with many relatives in the tropics. It produces custardy fruit that ripens in September and tastes a bit like a cross between a mango and a banana. The tree can grow up to 14-20 feet tall and wide, and features oblong, ovate leaves, and upside-down, velvety, maroon flowers from March-May that contain several ovaries and can produce multiple fruits. The flowers are pollinated by specific species of flies, beetles, and the zebra swallowtail butterfly. The fruit looks similar to a mango, turning from green to yellow or brown when ripe, with a short shelf-life. They have thin skin that bruises easily and a row of 5 to 14 thick, lima-bean shaped seeds inside. Pawpaw trees are prone to producing root suckers a few feet from the original trunk and can create a grove when left to their own wild nature! SEASONAL CARE Pawpaws are relatively easy to establish and generally pest-free. They favor filtered to full sunlight (when established after the first few years) and well-draining, slightly acidic soil (pH 5-7). Pawpaws have perfect flowers (male and female reproductive parts) but are self- incompatible and require cross-pollination from another unrelated pawpaw tree. WINTER/SPRING: Protect a young pawpaw through its first winters by wrapping or winterizing with extra leaf mulch! Little if any pruning is required.
    [Show full text]
  • Annonacin in Asimina Triloba Fruit : Implications for Neurotoxicity
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2011 Annonacin in Asimina triloba fruit : implications for neurotoxicity. Lisa Fryman Potts University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Recommended Citation Potts, Lisa Fryman, "Annonacin in Asimina triloba fruit : implications for neurotoxicity." (2011). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1145. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/1145 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANNONACIN IN ASIMINA TRILOBA FRUIT: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEUROTOXICITY 8y Lisa Fryman Potts 8.S. Centre College, 2005 M.S. University of Louisville, 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Medicine at the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky December 2011 Copyright 2011 by lisa Fryman Potts All rights reserved ANNONACIN IN ASIMINA TRILOBA FRUIT: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEUROTOXICITY By Lisa Fryman Potts B.S. Centre College, 2005 M.S. University of Louisville, 2010 A Dissertation Approved on July 21, 2011 by the following Dissertation Committee: Irene Litvan, M.D. Dissertation Director Frederick Luzzio, Ph.D. Michal Hetman, M.D., Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of the Physicochemical Characteristics of Soursop Powder
    a Food Science and Technology ISSN 0101-2061 DDOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.6380 Study of the physicochemical characteristics of soursop powder obtained by spray-drying Janaina de Paula da Costa1, Érica Milô de Freitas Felipe Rocha2, José Maria Correia da Costa1* Abstract This study aimed at contributing to the development of new foodstuffs made by soursop pulp powder obtained by spray- drying. Different concentrations of maltodextrin DE 20 (15, 30, and 45%) were added to commercial soursop pulp, which was dehydrated afterwards. The following analyses were carried out: water activity, moisture, pH, soluble solids, acidity, ascorbic acid, hygroscopicity, degree of caking, and rehydration time. The results obtained for the three powder treatments (15, 30 and 45% of maltodextrin) were, respectectively: water activity (0.19a±0.00; 0.20a±0.00; 0.18a±0.01); moisture (1.17c±0.12; 1.47b±0.05; 1.82a±0.06); pH (3.75a±0.05; 3.73a±0.06; 3.70a±0.03); soluble solids (89.67a±0.00; 89.84a±0.00; 90.00a±0.06); acidity (3.01a±0.02; 1.91b±0.03; 1.24c±0.03); ascorbic acid (18.90a±0.00; 14.48b±0.00; 11.26b±0.78); hygroscopicity (5.93a±0.40; 3.82b±0.16; 3.28b±0.38); degree of caking (78.36a±2.86; 35.38b±6.07; 24.77b4.89), and rehydration time (02.03a±0.46; 01.16ab±0.50; 0.59b±0.30). The soursop powders with 30 and 45% of maltodextrin had few significant differences in terms of physicochemical and hygroscopic characteristics, which allow us to consider the percentage of 30% of maltodextrin, in this study, as the best percentage for soursop pulp atomization.
    [Show full text]
  • FOODS of Hawail and the PACIFIC BASIN Fruits and Fruit Products: Raw, Processed, and Prepared
    630 US ISSN 0271-9916 October 1986 RESEARCH EXTENSION SERIES 070 FOODS OF HAWAIl AND THE PACIFIC BASIN Fruits and Fruit Products: Raw, Processed, and Prepared Volume 5: Percentage of U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances Nao S. Wenkam HITAHR . COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN RESOURCES . UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII THE AUTHOR Nao S. Wenkam is Associate Nutritionist, Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, and Associate Professor of Nutrition, College ofTropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Public:ation Data (Revised for vols. 2 and 5) Wenkam, Nao S. (Nao Sekiguchi), Foods of Hawaii and the Pacific Basin. (Research extension series, 0271-9916 ; 038) Includes bibliographies and index. Cover title. "June 1983- ." Contents: [1] Vegetables and vegetable products-raw, processed, and prepared. v. 1. Composition. v. 2. Per­ centage of u.s. recommended daily allowances. ( v.) - [2] Fruits and fruit products-raw, processed, and prepared. v. 5. Percentage of u.s. recommended daily allowances. ( v.) 1. Food-Collected works. 2. Food crops-Hawaii­ Collected works. 3. Food crops-Oceania-Collected works. 4. Food crops-Asia-Collected works. I. Title. II. Series. TX353. W374 1983 641.3'5'09969 82-18741 CONTENTS Page Introduction 2 Derivation of Values in Table 1.................................................... .. ..... .. 2 Nutrition Information Label and Its Use. .................................................. .. 3 Literature Cited 20 Tables I. Food energy and percentage
    [Show full text]
  • Soursop Fruit (Annona Muricata Linn.)
    J Med Sci, Volume 50, No. 4, 2018 Oktober: 400-410 Soursop fruit (Annona muricata Linn.) consumption does not increase serum potassium levels and not significant in cardiovascular risk improvements of prehypertension subjects Haidar Alatas1*, Mochammad Sja’bani1, Mustofa2, Ali Ghufron Mukti3, Lucky Aziza Bawazir4, Fredie Irijanto1, Zulaela5 1Mlati Study Group, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pubblic Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 3Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 4Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, 5Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedScie/005004201804 ABSTRACT Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) tend to have hyperkalemia. They worry about the consumption of fruit for fear of increased serum potassium levels and therefore require a restricted potassium diet. Soursop fruit (Annona muricata Linn.) is believed to be beneficial for CKD and cardiovascular risk. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of soursop fruit supplement consumption on serum potassium levels and cardiovascular risk in prehypertension subjects from Mlati, Sleman District, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. A total 143 samples that met to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were subsequently randomized into two groups. Group I was given 2 x 100 g/day of soursop and Group II was without soursop. A laboratory examination from both groups was conducted including potassium, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein(HDL), and triglyceride levels at weeks 0; 7; and 13.
    [Show full text]
  • (Pteropus Giganteus) in LAHORE in WILDLIFE and ECOLOGY D
    ROOST CHARACTERISTICS, FOOD AND FEEDING HABITS OF THE INDIAN FLYING FOX (Pteropus giganteus) IN LAHORE BY TAYIBA LATIF GULRAIZ Regd. No. 2007-VA-508 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN WILDLIFE AND ECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE AND ECOLOGY FACULTY OF FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES LAHORE, PAKISTAN 2014 The Controller of Examinations, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore. We, the Supervisory Committee, certify that the contents and form of the thesis, submitted by Tayiba Latif Gulriaz, Registration No. 2007-VA-508 have been found satisfactory and recommend that it be processed for the evaluation by the External Examination (s) for award of the Degree. Chairman ___________________________ Dr. Arshad Javid Co-Supervisor ______________________________ Dr. Muhammad Mahmood-ul-hassan Member ____________________________ Dr. Khalid Mahmood Anjum Member ______________________________ Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool CONTENTS NO. TITLE PAGE 1. Dedication ii 2. Acknowledgements iii 3. List of Tables iv 4. List of Figures v CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4 2.1 Order Chiroptera 10 2.1.1 Chiropteran status in Indian sub-continent 11 2.1.2 Representative Megachiroptera in Pakistan 11 2.2 Habitant of Pteropodidae 13 2.2.1 Roost of Pteropus 14 2.2.2 Roost observation of Pteropus giganteus (Indian flying fox) 15 2.3 Colonial ranking among Pteropus roost 17 2.3.1 Maternal colonies of Pteropus species 19 2.4 Feeding adaptions in frugivorous bats 20 2.4.1 Staple food of Pteropodids 21 2.5 Bats as pollinators and seed dispersers 23 2.5.1 Conflict with fruit growers 24 2.6 Bat guano 25 2.6.1 Importance of bat guano 27 2.7 Perspicacity 28 2.8 The major threats to the bats 29 2.8.1 Urbanization 30 2.8.2 Deforestation 31 2.9 Approbation 33 Statement of Problem 34 2.10 Literature cited 35 3.1 Roost characteristics and habitat preferences of Indian flying 53 3.
    [Show full text]