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What Is Gliding All About?

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What Is Gliding All About? What is gliding Soaring Association all about? of Canada Ya-hoo! Position – eastbound over the Lake Erie shoreline southeast of St. Thomas, time – 3:51pm, altitude – 4845 feet, cloud base about 5500 feet, cloud street length about 15 km, thermal strength 4-500 ft/min. The story of this great September 2006 flight is on the next page. will notice fewer and different instru- ders really have a purpose. A quick re- Tony Burton ... and is soaring for you? ments. For example, the variometer (a view of adverse yaw reminds us that sensitive vertical speed indicator) can as the aileron is lowered it increases Can aviating become ho-hum? warm air from a plowed field to cloud be quite sophisticated with an audio the angle of attack which increases the Are you beginning to feel like an “air- base, a red tail hawk joins you! The output and electronic glide calculator. lift and also increases the induced drag plane-driver” rather than a “pilot”? Do glider is climbing at 700 ft/min in this The ASI is usually a 1- 1/2 revolution (drag produced by lift), which is greater you want to inject some guaranteed thermal. You are soaring, thanks to the unit, with the low-speed end expanded. at slow speeds. When you start turn- challenge into your flying? Challenge solar heating of the ground. There is a A GPS flight recorder linked to a ing a glider and you think you have is the key word – to fly well, to use the remarkable amount of energy freely moving map display may be used for enough rudder input, double it! capabilities of an elegant and beauti- available in the atmosphere to the dis- navigation and flight recording. The yaw string (it was invented by the ful craft to its utmost, to make the most cerning pilot. Take a few seconds to become famil- Wright Brothers) is that bit of wool you of the weather conditions of the day. Now you are off on the start of a 300 iar with the controls such as the tow- see taped to the middle of the canopy. If you’re intrigued by the concept of km cross-country task. Perhaps one day rope release handle, airbrake lever, and It tells us how coordinated our flight motorless flight, and interested in you’ll be at 21,000 feet in a lee wave wheel brake handle, and notice how is – it’s the most responsive and cheap- learning how to see the sky as more produced by the strong winds blowing close to the ground you are! est instrument ever invented! Showing than a pretty picture but as the source across the Rockies. the relative wind, it works backwards of your energy, then you’ll find soaring The instructor may ask you to follow to the ball, so is confusing at first. Im- Flying gliders, or sailplanes, as the exhilarating. Even the simple pleasure through on the take-off and initial tow. agine that the yaw string is a runway higher-performance models are called, of a couple of hours of local soaring is As the flight progresses he may allow and you are turning to line up on it. must be experienced to be appreciated. ample reward for a week on the job – you to try the controls, and you’ll prob- Glider pilots use thermals in most The spoilers (or airbrakes) are unique even if that job is in commercial avia- ably feel it is rather difficult to keep areas of the country. In Alberta and controls. They are very important be- tion – 747 pilots have loved the return good position behind the towplane. If BC, mountain waves can provide lift cause gliders, with glide ratios of bet- to pure flight as a mental “shower” you are launched by winch, the instruc- to over 30,000 feet, and ridge lift is to ter than 30:1, would be hard to land after the Pearson/Frankfurt run. tor will do the complete launch before be found whenever the wind blows up without them. For approach control – letting you fly, as the climb attitude will What is soaring? a hillside. The glider pilot must skil- think of them as ‘energy-subtractors’ be very unusual for you! Soaring is the most perfect expression fully ‘centre’ the thermals to make best or ‘reverse throttles’. Power pilots can of man’s dream to fly... The morning use of this lift, because the surround- You will be more at home in free flight. be a bit dubious about them at first be- has dawned bright and clear, and by 10 ing air will be descending! Having A glider is more often flown closer to cause they remember how often they o’clock there are puffs of cumulus pop- gained height, the pilot will set off to its stall speed than is typical for power rely on the throttle on final. The glider ping. You strap into your sailplane and look for the next thermal, either to re- aircraft, and therefore its control re- pilot controls the rate of descent by after your “all out”, the towplane be- main aloft locally or as part of a cross- sponse is slower, particularly in roll adjusting the spoilers as needed. Spoil- gins rolling and a few minutes later country flight attempt. Thermals are a because of the high inertia of the large ers allow precise landings and stopping you’re at 2000 feet – time to release. spring and summer energy source, wings. Speed control is best achieved within feet of where we want. whereas ridge and mountain wave fly- by controlling the glider’s pitch atti- Now it’s just you and the sky. Soon, a The instructor may allow you to fol- ing are possible almost all year. tude and not by chasing the ASI. surge tells you that you’re flying into low through on the approach. The flare a “thermal”, so you start circling and Power pilot meets glider More coordination with firm use of the and the hold-off to touchdown will be begin spiralling rapidly upwards. On a visit to a club, you strap in with rudder is required; you will quickly dis- much closer to the ground. The circuit While riding this rising column of an instructor for your first flight. You cover that adverse yaw exists and rud- is all about judgement and energy management – you can’t go around. speeds of well over 100 km/h are com- Where is soaring done? are able to solo during their first sea- For a power pilot, this aspect of glider mon in competition. The Canadian There are many clubs across Canada, son and, following the passing of a training is perhaps one of the most altitude record of 34,400 feet, by a Cal- and there are two commercial opera- written exam, go for their Glider Pilot valuable skills you could add, even if gary pilot, was set over the Living- tions (in Invermere and Pemberton, Licence. Power pilots similarly can you never took up the sport otherwise. stone Range just west of Cowley, AB. BC). Members of these clubs can be- obtain a glider endorsement following come instructors through the Soaring conversion training. Soaring is the How high can I go? How far? Flights of over 500 kilometres are of- Association of Canada approved in- most cost effective way to introduce That depends ultimately on your en- ten completed by experienced pilots. structor training courses which are youth to aviation. Many clubs provide gine, the sun. There lies the adventure The Canadian record for a triangular endorsed by Transport Canada. financial incentives to join and national – to use your ever-developing soaring course is 804 kilometres flown from fees are half-price. skills to fly efficiently and use as much Black Diamond, AB. The Canadian An average new student takes 40 to 50 of that energy as the day provides. The straight distance record of 1093 kilo- flights of dual instruction to develop Weekend flying starts in the spring and steps to becoming a truly competent metres is held jointly by two pilots who the skills and judgement to fly solo. A usually goes through to early Novem- soaring pilot never really end. each flew from their club northeast of power pilot can usually transition in 10 ber, depending on the weather. Some Edmonton to Winnipeg’s gliding club. to 15 flights. Many ab-initio students larger clubs also provide mid-week fly- The long-time soaring pilot will tell ing. You will be sure to find most clubs you that the attraction of the sport is very welcoming. Visit the SAC website that it is a constant challenge – it’s <www.sac.ca> to find a club near you hardly possible to become bored in a Greetings from John Toles, SAC president (a listing is also given here). glider. There is as much personal achievement (and the regard of your What does it cost? peers) to be had in simply staying air- n behalf of the directors and members of the Soaring Associa- Soaring is the most enjoyable and af- borne in weak soaring conditions as O tion of Canada, it is my pleasure to extend greetings to my fordable way to fly regularly, costing there is racing across country from fellow COPA members. Like many of my colleagues, I hold both significantly less than power flight cloud to cloud using 800 fpm lift on power and glider licences, and am a member of both SAC and COPA. training. Total annual cost varies from those perfect spring days.
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