Battle of Fallen Timbers & Treaty of Greenville, 1795
Tecumseh’s War Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811
The Henry Letters,1812
Three-Pronged Attack Strategy
Detroit Niagara Montreal
British, Canadians, Indians pushed back all three. captured numerous merchant ships and defeated five British warships during the war nicknamed "Old Ironsides" Major Battle
Lake Erie
• Oliver Hazard Perry • Battle of Lake Erie 1813 ensured American control of the lake for the rest of the war, which in turn allowed the Americans to recover Detroit and win the Battle of the Thames to break the Indian confederation of Tecumseh Major Battle
• General William H. Harrison • Battle of Thames 1813
Ended Indian confederation and killed their most valuable leader, Tecumseh Major Battle
Battle of Plattsburg 1814 (Battle of Lake Champlain) protected NY from British attempt to seize it and ended the final invasion of the northern states Major Battle
Battle of Horshoe Bend 1814 Creek War
Andrew Jackson led victory over Creek Indians in Alabama, removing further land competition from Atlantic to Mississippi
(was part of Mississippi territory before becoming Alabama) British attacked Fort McHenry and burned DC. We fired our guns and the British kept a-comin' There wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago We fired once more and they begin to runnin' On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico Treaty of Ghent Signed December 1814 Communicated 1815 Resulted in status quo ante bellum
…the state in which things were before the war
MA, CN, RI, VT, NH - discussed grievances at the Hartford Convention against embargos and their impact on NE economy
- sought redress for lost income - money - amendment requiring 2/3 vote in Congress before embargo can be used, new states admitted, or war declared
- sought protection against the growing agrarian south/west - to abolish 3/5 clause - single presidential term limit - law prohibiting two successive presidents from same state
- radicals suggested secession, and regional threat of nullification remained Increased Nationalism - -Sectionalism (New England Federalists) weakened -War heroes; Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison -National literature born with Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper using American themes and scenes -American textbooks written -American magazines like North American Review -Painters depicted American scenes including landscapes -National Bank re-chartered -Army expanded -DC rebuilt with grandeur
Land claims strengthened -Indians cede Ohio Valley -Rush-Bagot Treaty, 1817, limited naval armaments on Great Lakes -European wars ended; leaving focus on American west -Land was easy to get (after speculation and recession… Land Act of 1820; 80 acres for min. $1.25)
Manufacturing Increased -blockades/embargoes during war encouraged American business growth -Tariff of 1816 placed protective tariff on British goods -Henry Clay’s American System -Erie Canal -Cumberland Road (Maryland to Illinois)