El Granado Documentos Poscosecha

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El Granado Documentos Poscosecha I Jornadas Nacionales sobre el granado Documentos Poscosecha El Granado I Jornadas nacionales sobre el granado: Producción, economía, industrialización, alimentación y salud Editores: Pablo Melgarejo Moreno Francisca Hernández García Pilar Legua Murcia Patrocinadores: Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología Poscosecha, www.poscosecha.com - Postharvest, www.postharvest.biz 1 Publicado por SPE3, S.L. (Valencia) España - www.poscosecha.com [email protected] Documentos poscosecha Índice Conferencia general: el granado, su problemática y usos Dr. Pablo Melgarejo Moreno Material vegetal y técnicas de cultivo Martínez, J.J. y Hernández, Fca. Fertirrigación del granado Miguel Giménez Montesinos Certificación GlobalGAP María García García Equipamiento y automatización de la programación del riego localizado Domingo, R., Puerto, P., García, M., De la Rosa, J.Mª., Torres, R. y Pérez-Pastor, A. Proyecto integral del granado: resultados en fertirrigación J. Bartual, F. Pomares, L. Bonet, E. Nicolás, P. Ferrer, J.J. Alarcón, B. Perez, L. Palou y D.S. Intrigliolo Compatibilidad floral de cuatro clones de granado J.J. Martínez, P. Melgarejo, Fca. Hernández, R. Martínez-Font y P. Legua Uso del kaolin para disminuir el albardado en granadas P. Melgarejo, Fca. Hernández, J.J. Martínez, R. Martínez-Font y P. Legua Producción y caracterización morfológica de los frutos de tres clones de granado J.J. Martínez, P. Melgarejo, R. Martínez-Font, P. Legua y Fca. Hernández Comercialización de granos refrigerados en envases Rafael Alberola Robles Problemática en la comercialización de productos derivados de la granada Eduardo Vidal 2 SPE·3 / ESPECIALISTAS EN SERVICIOS PROFESIONALES I Jornadas Nacionales sobre el granado Marcas de calidad. El proyecto Granatium Center D. Manuel Esclapez Román Necesidad de creación de una calidad diferenciada para la granada Jose Vicente Guillem Ruiz La Granada: maduración y post-recolección María Serrano Conservación frigorífica prolongada de dos variedades de granada recolectadas muy tardíamente Artés, F., Melgarejo, P. y Caballer, J. Enfermedades de poscosecha de la granada en la zona de Elche Lluís Palou Innovaciones en los tratamientos postrecolección de granada Daniel Valero Uso de la visión artificial en la estimación automática de la calidad de los arilos de granada José Blasco y Sergio Cubero El tratamiento con ácido oxálico mantiene la calidad visual y el potencial antioxidante durante la conservación de la granada Zapata, P.J., Guillén, F., Sayyari, M., Díaz-Mula, H.M., Valero, D. y Serrano, M. Los tratamientos térmicos reducen la severidad de los daños por frío durante la conservación de la granada Martínez-Romero, D., Mirdehghan, S.H., Valverde, J.M., Zapata, P.J., Serrano, M. y Valero, D. Poscosecha, www.poscosecha.com - Postharvest, www.postharvest.biz 3 Documentos poscosecha Índice Efecto de los tratamientos com metil salicilato y metil jasmonato en la incidencia de los daños por frío y en el contenido de compuestos antioxidantes de la granada Guillén, F., Castillo, S., Sayyari, M., Serrano, M. y Valero, D. La aplicación de poliaminas mantiene la calidad durante la conservación a temperaturas que causan daños por frío Castillo, S., Martínez-Romero, D., Mirdehghan, S.H., Valero, D. y Serrano, M. Calidad sensorial de la granada y los productos derivados Á.A. Carbonell-Barrachina, A. Calín-Sánchez, F. Burló, K. Koppel, L. Vázquez-Araújo y E. Chambers IV Efecto de distintos tipos de ciclodextrinas en la vitamina C, capacidad antioxidante y análisis sensoriales en una nueva bebida de mandarina, granada y zumo de goyi Patricia Navarro, Tamara San Nicolás, María T. Mercader-Ros, Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina y Antonio José Pérez-López Fabricación de confituras de granada Melgarejo, P. y Legua, P. El grupo de calidad y seguridad alimentaria y la granada A. Calín, A. Ramírez, P. Jurado, F. Burló, M.J. Frutos, F. Martínez-Sánchez y Á.A. Carbonell-Barrachina Perfil aromático de zumos de granada procedentes de los Estados Unidos: diferencias entre zumo recién exprimido y zumos comerciales L. Vázquez-Araújo, K. Koppel, E. Chambers IV, K. Adhikari y Á.A. Carbonell-Barrachina 4 SPE·3 / ESPECIALISTAS EN SERVICIOS PROFESIONALES I Jornadas Nacionales sobre el granado Características físico-químicas y sensoriales de zumos de granada con diferentes porcentajes de extracto de corteza L. Vázquez-Araújo, E. Chambers IV, K. Adhikari y Á.A. Carbonell-Barrachina Gran&Go! Domingo Saura, Nuria Martí, Patricia Melgarejo, Pablo Melgarejo y Miguel A. Sánchez Granada y salud: aspectos farmacológicos y terapéuticos de la granada Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán La granada y el sistema nervioso Pedro Mena Parreño y Cristina García Viguera Propiedades antiinflamatorias de la granada en un modelo de colitis ulcerosa Mar Larrosa, Antonio González-Sarrías, María J. Yáñez-Gascón, María V. Selma, María Azorín-Ortuño, Mayte García-Conesa, Francisco Tomás-Barberán y Juan Carlos Espín Utilidad del zumo de granada en oncologia, urologia y andrologia Gilberto E. Chéchile Toniolo La Granada: economía y comercialización Santiago Mira Quiles Patrocinado por: Greefa Poscosecha, www.poscosecha.com - Postharvest, www.postharvest.biz 5 Documentos poscosecha Índice 1. Resumen ..................................................................................................................... 7 2. Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 7 3. Origen, botánica y biodiversidad .................................................................................. 8 4. Importancia económica ................................................................................................ 9 5. El material vegetal y las técnicas de cultivo ................................................................ 15 6. Industrialización y obtención de productos alimentarios ............................................ 18 7. Bibliografía ................................................................................................................ 25 8. Sobre el autor ............................................................................................................ 27 6 SPE·3 / ESPECIALISTAS EN SERVICIOS PROFESIONALES I Jornadas Nacionales sobre el granado Conferencia general: el granado, su problemática y usos Dr. Pablo Melgarejo Moreno [email protected] Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología. Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche. Ctra. de Beniel Km 3,2. 03312 Orihuela (Alicante). 1. Resumen El granado es conocido desde muy antiguo, su cultivo se ha realizado tradicionalmente en la zona de Oriente próximo, extendiéndose por el resto de Asia y el Mediterráneo. Ac- tualmente, ya extendido por los cinco continentes, presenta unas excepcionales expectativas de cultivo debido a su rentabilidad y a la posibilidad de cultivo en zonas áridas y con meno- res requerimientos hídricos que otros cultivos, siendo capaz de vegetar y producir en condi- ciones en las que otros frutales más importantes no lo harían de manera rentable. El conoci- miento del material vegetal y la selección de nuevos individuos capaces de dar abundantes cosechas y frutos de calidad, unido al descubrimiento de sus numerosas propiedades ali- menticias, farmacológicas, funcionales y cosméticas, ha hecho que este frutal sea cada día más demandado por los consumidores, lo que está provocando, junto a todo lo expuesto anteriormente,un incremento muy considerable de las plantaciones de la especie en todos los países en los que es posible su cultivo. Palabras clave: granado, Punica granatum, comercialización, producción, industriali- zación. 2. Abstract Pomegranate is an ancient fruit tree species traditionally cultivated in the Near and Middle East, Southern Asia and the Mediterranean Basin. In recent years pomegranate has seen a great expansion in several countries, especially those with a Mediterranean-like cli- mate, where fruit of excellent quality can be obtained. The possibilities for its expansion in arid and semi-arid zones and marginal soils of the world are enormous, especially where sa- Poscosecha, www.poscosecha.com - Postharvest, www.postharvest.biz 7 Documentos poscosecha linity and water scarcity are limiting factors for other tree crops. Because of market demand, it has become increasingly important to characterise the different varieties and clones to ob- tain a high quality product with economical interest. Since pomegranate consumption is dri- ven by both fresh market and processing industry, it is crucial to acknowledge all fruit cha- racteristics to not only classify varieties from a botanical point of view, but also to meet cu- rrent market demand for quality fruits. There is a growing interest in this fruit not only be- cause it is pleasant to eat, but also because it is considered to be a functional product of great benefit in the human diet, as it contains several groups of substances that are useful in disease prevention and cosmetics. Keywords: pomegranate tree, Punica granatum, production, industrial processing, mar- keting. 3. Origen, botánica y biodiversidad 3.1. Origen El granado es un frutal cuyo cultivo se conoce desde la antigüedad, es uno de los fruta- les bíblicos, como la vid, el olivo o la palmera (también citado en el Corán). El científico ruso Vavilov sitúa su origen en el Centro IV, Centro de Oriente Próximo, que incluye el in- terior de Asia Menor, la Transcaucasia, el Irán y las tierras altas de Turkmenistán, centro
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