Together for Waterless Toilets
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Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Regulations, and Any Board Policies in Effect at the Time Application Is Made for the Permit
Onsite Wastewater Regulations Effective May 4, 2018 Elk Falls Staunton State Park ONSITE WASTEWATER REGULATIONS This Regulation was originally adopted by the Jefferson County Board of Health on April 1, 1967 and subsequently amended (effective dates) on: November 10, 1973 December 6, 1974, December 5, 1977, June 20, 1980, July 1, 1986, August 1, 1995, November 17, 1998, July 4, 2003, August 4, 2007 May 30, 2014, and May 4, 2018 Jefferson County Board of Health Bonnie McNulty, President Kimberley Krapek Greg Deranleau Dr. R. Dawn Comstock Lane Drager Lindsey Gonzales, Clerk to the Board Amanda B. Cruser, Esq., Counsel for the Board * * * * * * * Jefferson County Public Health 645 Parfet Street, Lakewood CO 80215 https://www.jeffco.us/public-health Mark B. Johnson, MD, MPH Executive Director James Rada, REHS Director, Environmental Health Services Division * * * * * * * Mission: To promote and protect health across the lifespan through prevention, education and partnerships. Vision: Healthy People, Healthy Places T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S Section 1 – AUTHORITY 1.0 Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Act ............................................................................ 1 1.1 Division Authority to Administer and Enforce ......................................................................... 1 Section 2 – DECLARATION, APPLICABILITY, PURPOSE AND SCOPE 2.0 Declaration ............................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 Applicability ............................................................................................................................. -
The Utilization of Human Excreta and Human Urine in the Agriculture As a Fertilizer
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository of the Academy's Library Proceedings of Architecture, Engineering and Technologies (AET), 3rd Edition Cairo, Egypt, 2019 Editors: Mona El Basyouni, Osama Al-Gayar, Reham I. Momtaz, Indjy M. Shawket The utilization of human excreta and human urine in the agriculture as a fertilizer J. Nagy1, A. Zseni2, A.J. Tóth3 1Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Building Service Engineering and Process Engineering, Budapest, Hungary, [email protected] 2Széchenyi István University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Győr, Hungary, [email protected] 3Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Budapest, Hungary, [email protected] Keywords Abstract human excreta; composting Human excreta contains all the macroelements which are important for the soil, for toilet; urine-diversion toilet; natural fertilizer; nutrient cycle example nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Although there are many ways of treating human excreta, composting is often regarded as the best solution because the final result of this treatment is valuable humus. However, human urine contains the most of the nutrients, so it may be more reasonable to apply human urine alone as a fertilizer. Direct utilization of urine emerges a lot of problems, but there are several existing technologies which are able to recover the nutrients from urine. These technologies (stripping, absorption, struvite precipitation and membrane technologies) also capable to recover nutrients from wastewater. Our paper are focusing on the comparison of composting toilet and urine-diversion toilet by analysing the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. -
HEALTH ASPECTS of DRY SANITATION with WASTE REUSE Anne Peasey
HEALTH ASPECTS OF DRY SANITATION WITH WASTE REUSE Anne Peasey Task No. 324 WELL STUDIES IN WATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH Health Aspects of Dry Sanitation with Waste Reuse Anne Peasey WELL Water and Environmental Health at London and Loughborough Health Aspects of Dry Sanitation with Waste Reuse ii London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Keppel Street London WC1E 7HT © LSHTM/WEDC Peasey, A. (2000) Health Aspects of Dry Sanitation with Waste Reuse WELL Designed and Produced at LSHTM Health Aspects of Dry Sanitation with Waste Reuse EXECUTIVE SUMMARY BACKGROUND Dry sanitation is defined in this report as the on-site disposal of human urine and faeces without the use of water as a carrier. This definition includes many of the most popular options for low- cost sanitation including pit latrines, Ventilated Improved Pits, SanPlats, etc. There has always been an interest in the reuse of human waste as a fertiliser, and there has been much recent work on the development of composting and other processes to permit human waste reuse. This report examines the practice of dry sanitation with reuse in Mexico, with a particular focus on health issues and the lessons to be learned from case studies and experience. DRY SANITATION WITH REUSE There are two distinct technical approaches to dry sanitation with reuse; · Dehydration. Urine and faeces are managed separately. The deposited faecal matter may be dried by the addition of lime, ash, or earth, and the contents are simply isolated from human contact for a specified period of time to reduce the presence of pathogens. · Decomposition (composting) In this process, bacteria, worms, or other organisms are used to break organic matter down to produce compost. -
Portable Toilets / Human Waste River Corridor Removal System (HWRS)
Boating in the Wild Rogue Portable Toilets / Human Waste River Corridor Removal System (HWRS) The Wild Rogue River is one of the nations premier Wild and Scenic whitewater rivers. Thousands of people visit the Canyon each year. The Many campsites will be used every night throughout the summer. Everyone deserves to see the river in a clean and natural state. Do your part to protect the wild river experience. Scoop • Wild Rogue boaters are required to have an approved HWRS year round. on Your HWRS should be a dimension that fits the SCAT • Machine toilet cleaning system at Foster Bar or has parts to legally use at an RV dump station. Poop To calculate the volume required for your group size, • use one pint per person, per day. For bag systems, one use per person per day. For example, a group of 10 peo- ple on a 4-day trip requires 40 uses/pints. At 8 pints per gallon, the group needs 5 gallons of storage capacity. Pack It Out! • Select a toilet deodorizer that does not contain formalde- hyde, which damages septic systems. Snap-on lids are no longer acceptable with the bucket type • SCAT Machine compatible removal systems. Buckets are acceptable but must have a lid that is easy to remove and replace on the bucket. Porta- Toilet Systems ble RV-type toilets are not acceptable. Other Systems may be compatible, as long as they are similar in size and dimension to these SCAT recommended toilets. Examples of acceptable lid systems: Toilets: Deodorizers: 20mm Ammunition Cans 50 uses Pine-Sol 5 Gallon Plastic buckets 40 uses First Round Knock Out Jon-ny Partner 50-60 uses Bio-Balance RM-41 The SCAT Machine Toilet RTB 780 The SCAT Packer 40 uses Eco-Safe Ammo-box 50 uses River Bank Toilet 30 or 60 uses Gamma Seal Lid 20mm Ammo w/generic Life Latch Bucket Can 5-gallon bucket & Lid EcoSafe • Plastic bag liners are not acceptable, with the exception of Cleanwaste WAG and RESTOP2 bags. -
Composting Toilets: a Review* of Their Use in Public Venues in the U.S
Composting Toilets: A Review* of Their Use in Public Venues in the U.S. (Updated November 8, 2016) Introduction :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 The Crystal Springs Golf Course :::::::::: 5 Manufacturers :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 El Pol´ınSpring ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 6 Buildings at the Vermont Law School ::::: 2 San Jose Environmental Innovation Center7 The Bronx Zoo Eco-Restroom ::::::::::::: 4 Frequently asked questions :::::::::::::::: 7 The University of Vermont :::::::::::::::: 5 Concluding remarks ::::::::::::::::::::: 11 Installations in California ::::::::::::::::: 5 Introduction Mention \composting toilet", and most people will think of something suitable for a summer cabin or a rural residence off the grid|a kind of classy outhouse|surely not something suitable for installation in an urban environment. As one person has remarked, flush toilets are the accepted social standard. The idea of collecting human excrement in a basement composting bin does not exactly square with the modern paradigm of gracious living. There is, however, more to the story. In what follows, we describe six composting toilet installations of varying types, currently installed for public use in locations in the United States, including three in California. We consider only those for institutional, industrial, municipal and commercial venues, i.e., those for which maintenance can be assured. We do not consider composting toilet installations for residential use. In our descriptions, we include comments by administrators, architects and users. As we shall see, every one of these six installations is positively viewed. We also include a section on frequently asked questions, including discussions of costs and possible legal barriers. Manufacturers: Clivus Multrum is the leader A comprehensive list of manufacturers of composting toilets is available as a pdf that may be downloaded from http://www.susana.org/en/resources/library/details/876. -
The Cultural and Environmental Unsoundness of the Chinese Public Squatting-Type Toilet: a Case Study Toward a Sustainable Excreta Treatment System
Environ. Eng. Res. 2014 March,19(0), 0-0 Research Paper http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2014.19.0.0 pISSN 1226-1025 eISSN 2005-968X In Press, Uncorrected Proof The Cultural and Environmental Unsoundness of the Chinese Public Squatting-type Toilet: A Case Study toward a Sustainable Excreta Treatment System Jin-Soo Chang Molecular Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Biological & Genetic Resources Institute (BGRI), Hannam University (Jeonming), 505 Inno-Biz Park, 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yeseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea Abstract The inconvenient truth of sustainable public squat toilet culture varies among nationalities. According to the adequate environmental management in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (YKAP), northern China, this culture may be comfortable to the people of China, yet uncomfortable to the non-Chinese. We conducted a series of field surveys and individual interviews (Chinese n = 1000 and non-Chinese (foreign visitors) n = 100) on several aspects of the public squat toilet: structural properties, waste disposal methods, important factors, and overall satisfaction level. The significant factors in response to the public squat toilets were cleanliness, odor, toilet paper, temperature, soap, other facilities, and presence of cubicles. These factors should be the policy priorities of local government. In addition, 66.2% of Chinese and 91% of foreign visitors desired type E toilets (two full-height partition walls per cubicle, with a door). The results illustrate the nature of a sustainable and aesthetic approach to the culturally and environmentally sound management of various types of public squat toilet in YKAP. The government needs to focus on the future-oriented and excreta treatment management of the sustainable toilet culture for the residents of, and visitors to, YKAP. -
Onsite Sewage Treatment and Disposal
RULES OF STATE BOARD OF HEALTH BUREAU OF ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION OF COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CHAPTER 420-3-1 ONSITE SEWAGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL ADOPTED BY THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH _______ EFFECTIVE DATE MARCH 6, 2017 ALABAMA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH BUREAU OF ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES DIVISION OF COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ONSITE SEWAGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL ADMINISTRATIVE CODE CHAPTER 420-3-1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 420-3-1-.01 Definitions .................................................................................................................................... 1 420-3-1-.02 Use of an Onsite Sewage Treatment and Disposal System (OSS) ............................................. 14 420-3-1-.03 General Requirements for an OSS ............................................................................................. 14 420-3-1-.04 OSS Type, Site Classification, and Development ...................................................................... 15 420-3-1-.05 Permits Required for an OSS ..................................................................................................... 16 420-3-1-.06 Proprietary and Non-Proprietary Product Permits...................................................................... 17 420-3-1-.07 OSS Installation ......................................................................................................................... 18 420-3-1-.08 Engineer Design Required......................................................................................................... -
We Need to Talk About Alternative Toilets
IT ADDS UP TO about a quarter-kilogram a day, this package that everyone delivers, but no one wants to receive. In the city, it disappears with the pull of a lever and a watery flourish. At the lake, well, human waste is another element We need cottagers must come to grips with. (Figuratively, folks.) When conventional septic solutions won’t fit the lot or the to talk about budget, or your heart quails at another cheek-chilling stum- ble to the outhouse, a composting or an incinerating toilet alternative seems increasingly attractive. Maybe your septic can’t han- ARE toilets dle another flush toilet, or you want to add facilities to a far- flung bunkie. Let’s see: Pay $15,000-plus for a new septic system, or shell out two to three grand for a box that turns poop into fertilizer or dispatches it in a blaze of glory? As a bonus, self-contained composting toilets, like incinerating ones, require no permit. Bye-bye, Mr. Septic Cop. YOU But wait: Maybe saving money and avoiding permits isn’t a basis for a good long-term relationship, considering you’ll spend years in, around, and—by some estimates—on the throne during your lifetime. Without the option of test drives, dating, or living together, how can you really know if an alterna-john is right—or wrong—for you? Rob Davis, SITTING president of EcoEthic, the distributor of the MullToa com- posting toilet, has an easy personality test. “If you’re will- ing to squat on the ground or take a leak on a tree, you’ll be much more in tune with composting than if you need a $1,400 Kohler with a pristine porcelain bowl.” On the other hand, maybe you’re already scribbling an DOWN? angry letter to the editor about Cottage Life’s sick toilet By Ray Ford Illustration Allie Smith obsession. -
Technology Review of Urine-Diverting Dry Toilets (Uddts) Overview of Design, Operation, Management and Costs
Technology Review of Urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDTs) Overview of design, operation, management and costs As a federally owned enterprise, we support the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn, Germany T +49 228 44 60-0 (Bonn) T +49 61 96 79-0 (Eschborn) Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 40 53113 Bonn, Germany T +49 228 44 60-0 F +49 228 44 60-17 66 Dag-Hammarskjöld-Weg 1-5 65760 Eschborn, Germany T +49 61 96 79-0 F +49 61 96 79-11 15 E [email protected] I www.giz.de Name of sector project: SV Nachhaltige Sanitärversorgung / Sustainable Sanitation Program Authors: Christian Rieck (GIZ), Dr. Elisabeth von Münch (Ostella), Dr. Heike Hoffmann (AKUT Peru) Editor: Christian Rieck (GIZ) Acknowledgements: We thank all reviewers who have provided substantial inputs namely Chris Buckley, Paul Calvert, Chris Canaday, Linus Dagerskog, Madeleine Fogde, Robert Gensch, Florian Klingel, Elke Müllegger, Charles Niwagaba, Lukas Ulrich, Claudia Wendland and Martina Winker, Trevor Surridge and Anthony Guadagni. We also received useful feedback from David Crosweller, Antoine Delepière, Abdoulaye Fall, Teddy Gounden, Richard Holden, Kamara Innocent, Peter Morgan, Andrea Pain, James Raude, Elmer Sayre, Dorothee Spuhler, Kim Andersson and Moses Wakala. The SuSanA discussion forum was also a source of inspiration: http://forum.susana.org/forum/categories/34-urine-diversion-systems- -
2 the Robo-Toilet Revolution the Actress and the Gorilla
George, Rose, 2014, The Big Necessity: The Unmentionable World of Human Waste and Why It Matters (pp. 39-64). Henry Holt and Co.. Kindle Edition. 2 THE ROBO-TOILET REVOLUTION THE ACTRESS AND THE GORILLA The flush toilet is a curious object. It is the default method of excreta disposal in most of the industrialized, technologically advanced world. It was invented either five hundred or two thousand years ago, depending on opinion. Yet in its essential workings, this everyday banal object hasn’t changed much since Sir John Harington, godson of Queen Elizabeth I, thought his godmother might like something that flushed away her excreta, and devised the Ajax, a play on the Elizabethan word jakes, meaning privy. The greatest improvements to date were made in England in the later years of the eighteenth century and the early years of the next by the trio of Alexander Cumming (who invented a valve mechanism), Joseph Bramah (a Yorkshireman who improved on Cumming’s valve and made the best lavatories to be had for the next century), and Thomas Crapper (another Yorkshireman who did not invent the toilet but improved its parts). In engineering terms, the best invention was the siphonic flush, which pulls the water out of the bowl and into the pipe. For the user, the S-bend was the godsend, because the water that rested in the bend created a seal that prevented odor from emerging from the pipe. At the height of Victorian invention, when toilets were their most ornate and decorated with the prettiest pottery, patents for siphonic flushes, for example, were being requested at the rate of two dozen or so a year. -
Portable Toilet Rental and Service 20-0008 (Annual Contract)
0008COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED GOVERNMENT Georgia’s First Consolidated Government FINANCE DEPARTMENT PURCHASING DIVISION 100 TENTH STREET, P. O. BOX 1340 COLUMBUS, GEORGIA 31902-1340 706-225-4087, FAX 706-225-3033 Date: August 21, 2019 Qualified vendors are invited to submit sealed bids, subject to conditions and REQUEST instructions as specified, for the furnishing of: FOR BIDS: RFB NO: PORTABLE TOILET RENTAL AND SERVICE 20-0008 (ANNUAL CONTRACT) The Consolidated Government of Columbus, Georgia (the City) is seeking vendors to GENERAL provide portable toilets, hand washing stations and grey water collection containers at SCOPE various City location sites. The contract term will be for two (2) years, with the option to renew for three (3) additional twelve-month periods. September 18, 2019 – 2:30 PM (EST) Bids must be received and date/time stamped on or before the due date by the Finance DUE DATE Department/Purchasing Division, 5th Floor – Government Center, 100 10th St, Columbus, GA. Bids will be opened during the 3:00 PM hour in the Conference Room of the Purchasing Division. Bidders are not required, but are invited, to attend the bid opening. IMPORTANT INFORMATION Any and all addenda will be posted on the Purchasing Division’s web page, at ADDENDA https://www.columbusga.org/finance/purchasing/docs/opportunities/Bid_Opportunities.htm. It is the vendors’ responsibility to periodically visit the web page for addenda before the due date and prior to submitting a quote. NO BID Refer to the form on page 3 if you are not interested in this invitation. RESPONSE Andrea J. McCorvey Purchasing Manager RFB No. -
Sustainable Sanitation – a Case Study in Yasmine and Awda Informal Settlements (Lebanon)
Master's Thesis 2019 30 ECTS Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Sustainable sanitation – A case study in Yasmine and Awda informal settlements (Lebanon) Elisa Winger Eggen Master of Science in Water and Environmental Technology (M-VM) PREFACE This MSc thesis is my final work of the Master of Science in Water- and Environmental Technology at Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU). The research is based on fieldwork undertaken from the 27th of January until the 3rd of March 2019 in Bekaa Valley, Bar Elias, Lebanon, aimed to find sustainable sanitation solutions in two refugee camps. The study has been carried out in close collaboration with Norwegian Church Aid (NCA), International Orthodox Christian Charities (IOCC) and Multiconsult. My motivation for this thesis was based on a desire to choose a research topic that could be meaningful for others, and my interest in water and sanitation in developing countries. I sincerely hope this will contribute to improvements and implementation of a holistic sanitation system which will benefit the people in the studied camps. Ås, May 14th, 2019 Elisa Winger Eggen I II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Working on this thesis has been exciting, challenging and educational. There is a lot of effort invested in the final version of the thesis, and the learning process to this point has been invaluable. Many have contributed to this work, whom I will like to thank; First and foremost, my deepest gratitude goes to my main supervisor, Professor Petter D. Jenssen, for his enormous inspiration, engagement, valuable feedback and support along the way. I would also like to thank Tor Valla (Multiconsult), Ioannis Georgiadis (NCA) and Manfred Arlt (NCA) for introducing me to this project in Lebanese refugee camps, where my education would be relevant and applied in practice.