Comparison of the IEEE 802.11, 802.15.1, 802.15.4 and 802.15.6 Wireless Standards
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An Analysis of IEEE 802.16 and Wimax Multicast Delivery
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Calhoun, Institutional Archive of the Naval Postgraduate School Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2007-09 An analysis of IEEE 802.16 and WiMAX multicast delivery Staub, Patrick A. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3203 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS AN ANALYSIS OF IEEE 802.16 AND WIMAX MULTICAST DELIVERY by Patrick A. Staub September, 2007 Thesis Advisor: Bert Lundy Second Reader: George Dinolt Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 2007 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE An Analysis of IEEE 802.16 and WiMAX 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Multicast Delivery 6. AUTHOR(S) Patrick A. Staub 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. -
Components Selection Guide for Bluetooth® Low Energy
Application Guide Components Selection Guide for Bluetooth® Low Energy Optimize designs, reduce time to market Ceramic Capacitors RF Inductors Power Inductors Timing Devices Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE) is the next generation Bluetooth® release since version 4.0. Its low power consumption feature makes the BLE a popular choice across many applications. Knowledge of selecting the appropriate peripheral components greatly reduces design time and improves efficiency. System on Chip Power Inductor Battery DC/DC Antenna (Li/Coin Battery) Converter Wireless Ceramic Processor Communication Capacitor Memory (2.4GHz) RF Inductor Timing Devices Sensor Block diagram / Peripheral components Market / applications • IoT devices: Beacon, sensing device with wireless communication • Healthcare: Medical IoT devices, insulin pen, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), medical tester, portable and personal devices • Industrial: Factory automation (FA), item tracking, monitoring Content Ceramic capacitors .................................. 3 Crystal units ............................................... 7 Ceramic capacitors .................................. 4 MEMS resonators ..................................... 8 RF inductors ............................................... 5 Design tools ................................................ 9 Power inductors ........................................ 6 Global locations ..................................... 10 2 Contents are subject to change without notice. © November 2020 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. • BLE Component -
Glossary of Terminology
Glossary of Broadband Terminology This glossary was compiled by Ray Elseth of Broadband Development 3 (http://www.bbd3.com) and Thomas Asp of Virchow Krause (http://virchowkrause.com), and is a supplement to “Broadband Access: The Local Government Role” by Thomas Asp, Harvey L. Reiter, Jerry Schulz, and Ronald L. Vaden (IQ Report 36, no. 2 [Washington, D.C.: ICMA, 2004]). 802.11 A family of specifications covering wireless connectivity between devices normally located within 100’ to 300’ of each other. Often referred to as Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). Most common implementation is 802.11b (see Wi- Fi), but 802.11a and 802.11g are also in active use. 802.15 A family of specifications covering wireless connectivity between devices normally located within 10’ to 30’ of each other. Often referred to as Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). Implemented as “Bluetooth.” 802.16 A family of specifications covering wireless connectivity between devices normally located within 1 to 30 miles of each other. Often referred to as Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN). Access Point (AP) A hardware device that acts as a connectivity hub to permit users of a wireless device to connect to a wired local area network. Provides a bridge between Ethernet wired LANs (local area networks) and the wireless network. Access points are the connectivity point between Ethernet wired networks and devices equipped with a wireless LAN adapter card. Antenna The equipment that allows the transmission or reception of radio frequency energy. Asynchronous Digital A technology that allows high-speed data to be sent over a Subscriber Line single pair of existing copper telephone lines, with data rates (ADSL) for receiving data differing from data rates for sending data. -
QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of Access Technologies for Broadband Communications
International Telecommunication Union QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of access technologies for broadband communications ITU-D STUDY GROUP 2 3rd STUDY PERIOD (2002-2006) Report on broadband access technologies eport on broadband access technologies QUESTION 20-1/2 R International Telecommunication Union ITU-D THE STUDY GROUPS OF ITU-D The ITU-D Study Groups were set up in accordance with Resolutions 2 of the World Tele- communication Development Conference (WTDC) held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1994. For the period 2002-2006, Study Group 1 is entrusted with the study of seven Questions in the field of telecommunication development strategies and policies. Study Group 2 is entrusted with the study of eleven Questions in the field of development and management of telecommunication services and networks. For this period, in order to respond as quickly as possible to the concerns of developing countries, instead of being approved during the WTDC, the output of each Question is published as and when it is ready. For further information: Please contact Ms Alessandra PILERI Telecommunication Development Bureau (BDT) ITU Place des Nations CH-1211 GENEVA 20 Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 6698 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 E-mail: [email protected] Free download: www.itu.int/ITU-D/study_groups/index.html Electronic Bookshop of ITU: www.itu.int/publications © ITU 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. International Telecommunication Union QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of access technologies for broadband communications ITU-D STUDY GROUP 2 3rd STUDY PERIOD (2002-2006) Report on broadband access technologies DISCLAIMER This report has been prepared by many volunteers from different Administrations and companies. -
Internet Connection Sharing Quick Setup Guide
Internet Connection Sharing with your Pocket PC over Bluetooth, by Belkin Internet Connection Sharing Quick Setup Guide For HP IPAQ Pocket PC Models: H1940, H1945, H2210, H2215, H5450, H5455, H5550, H5555 also works with other Pocket PCs using Widcomm BTCE ver.1.3.x Use with Belkin Bluetooth PC Adapters: F8T001, F8T002 and F8T003 Internet Connection Sharing with your Pocket PC over Bluetooth, by Belkin Note: Please be sure to enable Internet Connection Sharing on your Windows PC before you begin this guide. Please refer to your Windows Help for more information on Internet Connection Sharing. SECTION 1: Pairing your Pocket PC to your Computer Step 1: Tap on the Bluetooth icon located in the lower right corner of the Today Screen. Select Bluetooth Manager. Note: Be sure that your Bluetooth Radio is turned ON. Step 2: Tap on the Tools located in the menu bar located at the bottom of your screen. Then select Paired Devices. Internet Connection Sharing with your Pocket PC over Bluetooth, by Belkin Step 3: Tap on the Add button. Step 4: Tap on Search icon located to the right of the Device text box. This will begin a search for all Bluetooth devices in your area. Internet Connection Sharing with your Pocket PC over Bluetooth, by Belkin Step 5: Tap on the devices you would like to establish a connection for your Pocket PC. Step 6: Enter a Passkey in the Passkey Text Box and tap “OK”. For example “0000” or “1234.” The passkey could be any alphanumeric number you want. Internet Connection Sharing with your Pocket PC over Bluetooth, by Belkin Step 7: Check your Computer. -
Iot Systems Overview
IoT systems overview CoE Training on Traffic engineering and advanced wireless network planning Sami TABBANE 30 September -03 October 2019 Bangkok, Thailand 1 Objectives •Present the different IoT systems and their classifications 2 Summary I. Introduction II. IoT Technologies A. Fixed & Short Range B. Long Range technologies 1. Non 3GPP Standards (LPWAN) 2. 3GPP Standards IoT Specificities versus Cellular IoT communications are or should be: Low cost , Low power , Long battery duration , High number of connections , Low bitrate , Long range , Low processing capacity , Low storage capacity , Small size devices , Relaxed latency , Simple network architecture and protocols . IoT Main Characteristics Low power , Low cost (network and end devices), Short range (first type of technologies) or Long range (second type of technologies), Low bit rate (≠ broadband!), Long battery duration (years), Located in any area (deep indoor, desert, urban areas, moving vehicles …) Low cost 3GPP Rel.8 Cost 75% 3GPP Rel.8 CAT-4 20% 3GPP Rel.13 CAT-1 10% 3GPP Rel.13 CAT-M1 NB IoT Complexity Extended coverage +20dB +15 dB GPRS CAT-M1 NB-IoT IoT Specificities IoT Specificities and Impacts on Network planning and design Characteristics Impact • High sensitivity (Gateways and end-devices with a typical sensitivity around -150 dBm/-125 dBm with Bluetooth/-95 dBm in 2G/3G/4G) Low power and • Low frequencies strong signal penetration Wide Range • Narrow band carriers far greater range of reception • +14 dBm (ETSI in Europe) with the exception of the G3 band with +27 dBm, +30 dBm but for most devices +20 dBm is sufficient (USA) • Low gateways cost Low deployment • Wide range Extended coverage + strong signal penetration and Operational (deep indoor, Rural) Costs • Low numbers of gateways Link budget: UL: 155 dB (or better), DL: Link budget: 153 dB (or better) • Low Power Long Battery life • Idle mode most of the time. -
State of the Art in LP-WAN Solutions for Industrial Iot Services
sensors Review State of the Art in LP-WAN Solutions for Industrial IoT Services Ramon Sanchez-Iborra * and Maria-Dolores Cano Departamento de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena 30202, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-968-325-953 Academic Editor: Gonzalo Pajares Martinsanz Received: 25 February 2016; Accepted: 9 May 2016; Published: 17 May 2016 Abstract: The emergence of low-cost connected devices is enabling a new wave of sensorization services. These services can be highly leveraged in industrial applications. However, the technologies employed so far for managing this kind of system do not fully cover the strict requirements of industrial networks, especially those regarding energy efficiency. In this article a novel paradigm, called Low-Power Wide Area Networking (LP-WAN), is explored. By means of a cellular-type architecture, LP-WAN–based solutions aim at fulfilling the reliability and efficiency challenges posed by long-term industrial networks. Thus, the most prominent LP-WAN solutions are reviewed, identifying and discussing the pros and cons of each of them. The focus is also on examining the current deployment state of these platforms in Spain. Although LP-WAN systems are at early stages of development, they represent a promising alternative for boosting future industrial IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) networks and services. Keywords: Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LP-WAN); Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications; Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT); Internet of Things (IoT); wireless sensor networks 1. Introduction Machine-to-Machine (M2M) networks and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) services are two key enabling approaches for future industrial networking [1]. -
Long-Range Wireless Radio Technologies: a Survey
future internet Review Long-Range Wireless Radio Technologies: A Survey Brandon Foubert * and Nathalie Mitton Inria Lille - Nord Europe, 59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 19 December 2019; Accepted: 11 January 2020; Published: 14 January 2020 Abstract: Wireless networks are now a part of the everyday life of many people and are used for many applications. Recently, new technologies that enable low-power and long-range communications have emerged. These technologies, in opposition to more traditional communication technologies rather defined as "short range", allow kilometer-wide wireless communications. Long-range technologies are used to form Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN). Many LPWAN technologies are available, and they offer different performances, business models etc., answering different applications’ needs. This makes it hard to find the right tool for a specific use case. In this article, we present a survey about the long-range technologies available presently as well as the technical characteristics they offer. Then we propose a discussion about the energy consumption of each alternative and which one may be most adapted depending on the use case requirements and expectations, as well as guidelines to choose the best suited technology. Keywords: long-range; wireless; IoT; LPWAN; mobile; cellular; LoRa; Sigfox; LTE-M; NB-IoT 1. Introduction Wireless radio technologies, such as Wi-Fi, are used daily to enable inter-device communications. In the last few years, new kinds of wireless technologies have emerged. In opposition to standard wireless technologies referred to as “short-range”, long-range radio technologies allow devices to communicate over kilometers-wide distances at a low energy cost, but at the expense of a low data rate. -
User Manual MG7315
User Manual 8x4 Cable Modem plus N450 Wireless Router MG7315 NOTICE This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright, and this Manual and all the accompanying hardware, software, and documentation are copyrighted. No part of this document may be photocopied or reproduced by mechanical, electronic, or other means in any form. The manufacturer does not warrant that the hardware will work properly in all environments and applications, and makes no warranty or representation, either expressed or implied, with respect to the quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose of the software or documentation. The manufacturer reserves the right to make changes to the hardware, software, and documentation without obligation to notify any person or organization of the revision or change. All brand and product names are the trademarks of their respective owners. © Copyright 2016 MTRLC LLC All rights reserved. SAFETY This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use it. However, special attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static electricity when working with electrical equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer manufacture must therefore be allowed at all times to ensure the safe use of the equipment. CAUTION: • Do not put the cable modem/router in water. • Do not use the cable modem/router outdoors. • Keep the cable modem/router in an environment that is between 0°C and 40°C (between 32°F and 104°F). • Do not place any object on top of the cable modem/router since this may cause overheating. -
Bluetooth 4.0: Low Energy
Bluetooth 4.0: Low Energy Joe Decuir Standards Architect,,gy CSR Technology Councilor, Bluetooth Architecture Review Board IEEE Region 6 Northwest Area chair Agenda Wireless Applications Perspective How do wireless devices spend energy? What is ‘classic’ Bluetooth? Wha t is Bluet ooth Low Energy? How do the components work? How low is the energy? Perspective: how does ZigBee & 802.15.4 work? What is Bluetooth Low Energy good for? Where can we learn more? Shilliihort range wireless application areas Voice Data Audio Video State Bluetooth ACL / HS x YYxx Blue too th SCO/eSCO Y x x x x Bluetooth low energy xx x xY Wi-Fi (()VoIP) YYYx Wi-Fi Direct Y Y Y xx ZigBee xx x xY ANT xx x xY State = low bandwidth, low latency data Low Power How do wireless devices spend power? Dutyyy Cycle: how often they are on The wireless world has put a lot of effort into reducing this Protocol efficiency: what do they do when on? Different MACs are tuned for different types of applicati ons TX power: how much power they transmit And how efficient the transmit amplifier is How long they have to transmit when they are on Data rate helps here – look at energy per bit How muchhlh energy the signal processing consumes This is driven by chip silicon process if the DSP dominates This is driven TX power if the RF dominates Example transmit power & efficiency comparisons High rate: 802.11n (single antenna) vs UWB, short range In 90nm, an 802.11n chip might spend ~200mW in DSP, but 500mW in the TX amplifier (mostly because they are about 10% efficient on OFDM carriers) -
Bluetooth Connections
9236240 Issue 1 EN Nokia and Nokia Connecting People are registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation Nokia 9300 Using your device as a modem Legal Notice Under no circumstances shall Nokia be responsible for any loss of data or income or Copyright © Nokia 2004. All rights reserved. any special, incidental, consequential or indirect damages howsoever caused. Reproduction, transfer, distribution or storage of part or all of the contents in this The contents of this document are provided "as is". Except as required by applicable document in any form without the prior written permission of Nokia is prohibited. law, no warranties of any kind, either express or implied, including, but not limited Nokia and Nokia Connecting People are registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation. to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, are Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or trade made in relation to the accuracy, reliability or contents of this document. Nokia names of their respective owners. reserves the right to revise this document or withdraw it at any time without prior notice. Nokia operates a policy of continuous development. Nokia reserves the right to make changes and improvements to any of the products described in this document without prior notice. Copyright to the Windows screenshots belongs to Microsoft. Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All rights reserved. Contents Introduction............................................... 4 Contents Bluetooth connection .............................. -
IEEE 802 and Consortiums Jim Carlo ([email protected]) TI Fellow, Texas Instruments Incorporated Chair - IEEE 802 LMSC Chair - ISO/IEC JTC1/SC6
IEEE 802 and Consortiums Jim Carlo ([email protected]) TI Fellow, Texas Instruments Incorporated Chair - IEEE 802 LMSC Chair - ISO/IEC JTC1/SC6 • IEEE 802 Organization Summary • IEEE 802 Standards Process • Consortium Experience • IEEE-SA New Initiatives • IEEE 802 Wireless Vision EEE Jim Carlo - Texas Instruments I802 IEEE 802 Local and Metropolitan Area Network Standards Committee • Accredited by ANSI, Sponsored by IEEE Computer Society – Ethernet, Token Ring, Wireless, Cable Modem Standards – Bridging, VLAN, Security Upper Layer Standards • Meets three times per year (400 individuals, 15% non-US) • Develops equivalent IEC/ISO JTC 1 standards – JTC 1 series of equivalent standards are known as ISO 8802-nnn • IEEE 802 web site at http://stdsbbs.ieee.org/groups/802. • Chair: Jim Carlo ([email protected]) PHONE:214-340-8837 EEE Jim Carlo - Texas Instruments I802 IEEE 802 Standards Principals • Due Process – Rules and Procedures • Consensus – Near unanimity • Openness – Everyone has Access to Process – Individuals, World-wide • Balance – Balloting group must include developers and users • Right to Appeal – Both procedural and technical anytime during the process EEE Jim Carlo - Texas Instruments I802 IEEE 802 ORGANIZATION LMSC SPONSOR CHAIR Jim Carlo WORKING GROUP CHAIRS EXEC OFFICERS 802.1 802.3 RECORDING SEC BRIDGING/ARCH CSMA/CD VICE CHAIR Active Howard Frazier Bill Lidinsky Geoff Thompson Paul Nikolich 802.5 802.8 802.10 EXECUTIVE SEC TOKEN RING FIBER TAG SECURITY Active TREASURER Buzz Rigsbee Bob Love Chip Benson Ken Alonge Bob Grow 802.11