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Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT Developing a National Action Plan to Reduce, and Where Feasible, Eliminate Mercury Use in Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining Working Draft August 17, 2015 Foreword The Minamata Convention on Mercury, opened for signature in October 2013 in Japan, creates a blueprint for actions to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds. Article 7 of the Minamata Convention addresses the largest anthropogenic source of mercury pollution, artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM). Under Article 7, countries where mercury is used in ASGM are required to take steps to reduce and, where feasible, eliminate the use of mercury. Because the ASGM sector is closely tied to complex economic development and poverty issues, the Convention allows flexible, country-specific solutions through the development of an ASGM National Action Plan (NAP). Although each country’s NAP process will be unique, Annex C of the Minamata Convention provides a list of elements that must be included in each NAP. This document represents an expansion of the UNEP’s Guidance Document: Developing a National Strategic Plan to Reduce Mercury Use in Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining (UNEP 2011), and is intended to reflect Convention obligation and other advances in understanding of the ASGM sector. This document provides guidance to countries in formulating NAPs that are compliant with the requirements of the Minamata Convention, and provides technical, legal and policy information on issues related to ASGM, which can be useful when preparing and implementing the NAP. Although the use of this guidance is not a requirement under the Minamata Convention, this guidance is intended to assist countries with the preparation of their NAPs. -
Chapter-7 Gravity Concentration of Iron Ore
CHAPTER-7 GRAVITY CONCENTRATION OF IRON ORE R. K. Rath and R. Singh INTRODUCTION Gravity concentration process is the oldest beneficiation method known to mankind. This is a physical process and exploits the differences in densities of minerals to bring about a separation. Although with the advent of froth flotation, the relative importance of gravity concentration has declined in twentieth century but still on an average higher tonnage of material is treated by gravity concentration than flotation. The gravity separation processes are comparatively cheap and environmentally friendly. It finds immense application in the processing of iron ores besides coal, beach sands, gold, diamonds, platinum, baryte, fluorspar, tin, tungsten ores etc. The major limitation with the gravity concentration is the treatment of fines and ultrafines. In the fine size ranges the fluid and viscous forces become dominant relative to the gravity and this in turn affects the separation efficiency. However, significant development has been made in this field by introducing enhanced gravity separators like Knelson, Falcon, Kelsey Jig, Multigravity separator and water—only cyclone etc. These equipments generate higher gravity by application of centrifugal force and are capable of concentrating fines and ultrafine particles. PRINCIPLE Gravity separation of two minerals, with different specific gravity, is carried out by their relative movement is response to force of gravity and one or more other forces. Normally one of the forces is the resistance to motion by a viscous fluid e.g. water. So, besides the specific gravity the factors like size, shape and weight of the particles affect the relative movement and hence the separation. -
Correspondence. the Concentration and Sizing Of
90 DISCCSSIO-U ON SIZING OF CRUSHED NIBEEhLS. [Minutes Of Mr. Commans. Au!hor, when speaking of the digiculty of screening particles less than l& to 1 nlillimetre in diameter, was referring to screening in a wet condition, as commonly was the case with ore, and did not intend to referto thescreening or sieving of drymaterial, as Mr. J. H. Saunderson would seem to suppose. On the other hand, undoubtedly, even withdry material, a difficulty wasoften experienced with fine sieves of the meshes getting choked ; and if that was obviated in themachine referred to byMr. Saunderson, it was certainlya step in the right direction. With Mr. Garland's remarks about the jigger bottom having a forward inclination, he quite agreed. That plan should never be adopted, and whatever fall was required toassist the movement of the ore shouldbe obtained by slightly lowering each successive sieve, or the depth of the bedding, the sieves themselves remaining horizontal. Correspondence. JIr. Bartsch. Mr. W. J. BARTSCH,of Siegen,supplemented theAuthor's description by some details of results obtained with the Bartsch concentrator. As wouldbe seen from Figs. 45, that appliance consisted of a convex circular table carried at the centre on a bearing b, and at the circumference by rollers c. Radial blows were imparted by a cam f, and the slime and wash-water dis- tributors revolved over thetable, the main water-pipe being bent in a parabolic curve. The usual diameter of the table was 134 feet. For every 30 revolutions of the shaft, 120 bumps were imparted to the table, in which time(one minute) the distributors made half a revolution of the table. -
A Study of a Carbonaceous Gold Ore James S
Montana Tech Library Digital Commons @ Montana Tech Bachelors Theses and Reports, 1928 - 1970 Student Scholarship 1941 A Study of a Carbonaceous Gold Ore James S. Huckaba Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/bach_theses Part of the Ceramic Materials Commons, Environmental Engineering Commons, Geology Commons, Geophysics and Seismology Commons, Metallurgy Commons, Other Engineering Commons, and the Other Materials Science and Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Huckaba, James S., "A Study of a Carbonaceous Gold Ore" (1941). Bachelors Theses and Reports, 1928 - 1970. 147. http://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/bach_theses/147 This Bachelors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at Digital Commons @ Montana Tech. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bachelors Theses and Reports, 1928 - 1970 by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Montana Tech. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ! -.. '_ _. r' ...: ,.... ,/'" f • . A STUJ.)Y C.u.RBON.u.CiiOUS GOLD By James S. Huckaba A Thesis ubmitted to the Departmen~ of etallurgy in }artial Fulf11~ent of the Requirouents fer the Degree of 2cchelor of ~cience in Jetallurgical ~n0ineering MONTAI~ SCI! OL OF r.mreB LIBRARY BUTTE " A S'J]UDY OF CARB ADEOUS GOLD ORE By ~mnes S. Huckaba I -4 D 70 s: Thesis Submi tted to the Dep artment of etallurgy in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in ~etallurgical Engineering MONTANA SCHOOL OF MINES LIBRARY, I - TABLE OF CONrENI'S -
Gold, Platinum and Diamond Placer Deposits in Alluvial Gravels, Whitecourt, Alberta Special Report 89
Special Report 89 Gold, Platinum and Diamond Placer Deposits in Alluvial Gravels, Whitecourt, Alberta Special Report 89 Gold, Platinum and Diamond Placer Deposits in Alluvial Gravels, Whitecourt, Alberta G.G. Mudaliar1, J.P. Richards1 and D.R Eccles2 1 Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta 2 Alberta Geological Survey May 2007 ©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Alberta, 2007 ISBN 0-7785-3851-6 The Alberta Geological Survey and its employees and contractors make no warranty, guarantee or representation, express or implied, or assume any legal liability regarding the correctness, accuracy, completeness, or reliability of this publication. Any digital data and software supplied with this publication are subject to the licence conditions (specified in 'Licence Agreement for Digital Products'"). The data are supplied on the understanding that they are for the sole use of the licensee, and will not be redistributed in any form, in whole or in part, to third parties. Any references to proprietary software in the documentation, and/or any use of proprietary data formats in this release does not constitute endorsement by the Alberta Geological Survey of any manufacturer's product. This product is an EUB/AGS Special Report; the information is provided as received from the author and has had minimal editing for conformity to EUB/AGS standards. When using information from this publication in other publications or presentations, due acknowledgment should be given to the Alberta Geological Survey/Alberta Energy and Utilities Board. The following reference format is recommended: Mudaliar, G.G., Richards, J.P. and Eccles, D.R. (2007): Gold, platinum and diamond placer deposits in alluvial gravels, Whitecourt, Alberta; Alberta Energy and Utilities Board, EUB/AGS, SPE 089, 24 p. -
The Separation of Galena and Blende from Their Gangue As Practised at the Mines of Sentein, Ariege, France
3% LUEIS ON THE SEPARATION OF GALENA AND BLENDE. [Selected (Paper No. 1942.) The Separation of Galena and Blende fiom their gangue as practised at the Mines of Sentein, Arihge, France.” By ERNESTDU BOISLUKIS, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. THISis a record of detailed observations made whilst preparing formarket galena and blende, at the mines of Sentein in the Pyrenees. The oreswere intimately mixed in the proportion of 8 to 10 per cent. of galena, 15 to 20 percent. of blende, and gangue consisting of hard quartz, quartzose rock, schist, &c. The market lead-ore obtained included from 16 to 20 oz. of silver per ton.The blende did not contain sufficient silver for valuation. By experiments in the laboratory, it was found that the galena lost very little silver byfine crushing and washing. The machinery, supplied by Mr. George Green, of Aberystwyth, was erected in existing buildings; but these were so scattered that it is not thoughtnecessary to givea plan of them. Instead of this, a method of arranging the whole of the required plant under one roof, with slight modifications, that would render such proposed dressing-floors more efficient, is given in Plate 7, Figs. 1, the sub- stantialstructure indicated being necessary on account of the climate of the Pyrenees, where protection from frost and snow is indispensable. Water-power was used, being abundant, but the motors are not shown in Figs. 1, for, depending on the position of such proposed floors, steamor water wouldbe used asmight be found most advantageous. Mention is, however, made later on of the power required. -
Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Alaska Conference on Placer Mining
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH ANNUAL ALASKA CONFERENCE ON PLACER MINING 'PLACER MINING - JOBS FOR ALASKA" MARCH 18-25. 1987 Compiled by Mary Albanese and Bruce Campbell Prom cover: Tlra Colomdo Creek mammoth skull being wmpped In 0 plaallc jacket in prepamrlon lor rhbment lo the LiAF Jlureurn. Photo rourtrJv Uniuerrity 01 Alarka Mureum. SPONSORED BY Placer Miners of Alaska Alaska Miners Association Alaska Women in Mining - Mining Advocacy Council ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Gail Ackles,,...... ................... Circle Mining District Mary Albanese.. .......................Alaska DivlsFon of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Lela Bouton ...........................Koyukuk Mining District Roger Burggraf ........................Fairbanks Mining District Jeff Burton ...........................Tanana Valley Community College Bruce Campbell ........................Special Technical Assistant Karen Clautice ........................ Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Judy Geraghty livengood- good-Toovaa Mining District Kathy Gaff........... .................Alaeka Miners Association Charles Green .........................Alaska Division of Mnerals and Forest Products Brent Aamil ...........................University of Alaska Jim Madonna ........................... University of Alaska Rose Rybachek .........................Alaska Miners Association Rosalyn Stowell ....................... Alaska Women in Mining Mary-Lou Teal., ....................... Alaska Women in Mining Dan Walsh...... .......................University of Alaska, -
FIG. 1 I Crush And/Or Grind to Free the Iron Oxide
Aug. 22, 1967 J‘ E. LAWVER 3,337,328 IRON ORE BENEFICIATION PROCESS Filed June 19, 1964 6 Sheets-Sheet l Heavy Media Tailings Tailing Pond Fines or Semitaconite 25 to 50% Iron FIG. 1 I Crush and/or Grind to Free the Iron Oxide Partial Concentration to Separate Iron Mineral from Waste Product by one of Following Processes or or A B C High Intensity Wet Froth Gravity Magnetic Separation Flotation Separation l l I I Partial Waste Partial Waste Partial Waste Concentrate Product Concentrate Product Concentrate Product L I I . Gravity Gravity Concentrates or Separation of Partial‘ Concentrates Low-grade Hematitic Ore From "An or “all or "ch 40 to 58%‘.Iron Crush and Grind to Liberate Silica Coarse Fraction Minus O. 010" plus 0.003" Fine Fraction‘ Less than 0.003" G to 75% Weight @ 25 to 100% Weight Electrodynamic Process to Separate Froth Flotation Process to Separate Iron Oxides and Silica Iron Oxides and Silica Silica Product to Waste Silica Product to Waste Iron Oxide Concentrate 62 to 65% Iron 5% Silica ' INVENTOR J9me; E. L’ AWl/ER 14 T TORNE Y! Aug. 22, 1967 J. e. LAWVER 3,337,328 IRON ORE BENEFICIATION PROCESS Filed ‘June 19, 1964 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Crude Ore %Wt. 100. O0 FIG.' 2 %Fe%Insol.4l.l9 39 . 35 4" Screen -4" Ore +4" Ore %wt.84.45 %Wt. 15.39 %E‘e 4O. 19 %E'e 34. 75 %Inso]l . 48. 57 Crush 8 Screen %Fe Rec.l3.59 _ -___.______ +14 Mesh ~~14 Mesh Heavy Media Sands Slimes Separation '7‘Wt- 9-58 Spirals %E‘e 11.78 Sinks Floats ' Concentrate r(‘ailing %Wt. -
Non-Renewable Resources Curriculum
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 322 354 CE 055 476 TITLE Non-Renewable Resomrces Curriculum. INSTITUTION Alaska State Dept. of Education, Juneau. Div. of Adult and Vocational Education. PUB DATE 88 NOTE 80p. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Citizenship; Competency Based Education; Curriculum Development; Educational Objectives; Employment Qualifications; *Entry Workers; *Fuels; Leadership; *Mining; *Natural Resources; *Occupational Information; Postsecondary Education; Secondary Education; *State Curriculum Guides; Vocational Education IDENTIFIERS *Alaska ABSTRACT This document is designed to help teachers and administrators in Alaska develop secondary and postsecondary training in nonrenewable natural resources. Its competencies reflect those needed for entry-level employment in the following industriesas identified by international businesses surveyed in Alaska:gas and petroleum, coal, placer, and underground mining. Section 1introduces the concept of competency-based curriculum and the role of vocational educators in curriculum planning, in_lementation, and evaluation. Section 2 describes the scope and sequence of nonrenewable natural resource competencies. Section 3 presents basic and advanced competencies and accompanying tasks in leadership and ritizenship, introduction to nonrenewable natural resources, gas and petroleum, and mining. Section 4 contains four course descriptions that provide a framework for the design and implementation of a balancedprogram in nonrenewable -
Exploitation Strategic Plan and Business Model - Final
Exploitation strategic plan and business model - final Deliverable 8.4 © Copyright 2019 The INTMET Consortium Project Funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme. Grant Agreement No 689515 EXPLOITATION PLAN-FINAL D8.4 PROGRAMME H2020 – Environment and Resources GRANT AGREEMENT NUMBER 689515 PROJECT ACRONYM INTMET DOCUMENT Deliverable 8.4 TYPE (DISTRIBUTION LEVEL) ☒ Public ☐ Confidential ☐ Restricted DUE DELIVERY DATE M36 DATE OF DELIVERY January 31 2019 STATUS AND VERSION NUMBER OF PAGES WP / TASK RELATED WP 8, task 8.4, 8.5 WP / TASK RESPONSIBLE MinPol AUTHOR (S) Prof. Dr. Horst Hejny, Dr. Angelika Brechelmacher, Prof. Dr. Günter Tiess PARTNER(S) CONTRIBUTING FILE NAME Exploitation strategic plan and business model - final DOCUMENT HISTORY VERS ISSUE DATE CONTENT AND CHANGES 1.0 30/01/2019 First Revision 1.1 31/01/2019 Small corrections ClC final 31/01/2019 for submission DOCUMENT APPROVERS PARTNER APPROVER CLC Francisco Sánchez 2 | 34 EXPLOITATION PLAN-FINAL D8.4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 2. BUSINESS MODEL .................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 BASIC IDEA ............................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Control of Comminution Circuit for Efficient Froth Flotation D
FROTH FLOTATION : RECENT TRENDS @IIME, JAMSHEDPUR, 1998; pp. 10-17 Control of Comminution Circuit for Efficient Froth Flotation D. D. IVIIISRA ilndian School of Mines, :Marked] - 626004 ABSTRACT Efficiency of separation in the froth flotation circuit is rely much dependant on the efficiency of size reduction and size separation in the preceeding comminution and classification circuit. A coarser grinding product than desired causes loss of grade or recovery due to inadequate liberation where as with over grinding there is an increase in slime loss. This paper ennumerates the factors that affect the performance of the grinding circuit and the steps that should be taken for its efficient operation. Once the grinding circuit is commisioned its performance is dependant mainly on the operation and control of the classifier. In case of the mechanical classifiers very effective control can be obtained by suitably varying the wash water flow rate and the weir height. In case of the cyclone classifiers the control is some what difficult. Key Words : Comminution circuit, Control froth flotation, Operating parameters, Efficiency. INTRODUCTION The froth flotation process is extremely sensitive to the particle size. Ideally the particles should be just small enough to ensure liberation of the ore from the gangue and no smaller. In some rare cases of relatively high grade ore deposits some what acceptable liberation may take place at a size too large (+1 mm) to float in thd froth flotation, process. In such cases the ore should be ground to about -0.3 mm to ensure flotation as the flotation rate is observed to decrease rapidly with the increase in particle size. -
Recovery of Hematite from Fluorspar Tailings Using Reverse Cationic Flotation
COPYRIGHT AND CITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THIS THESIS/ DISSERTATION o Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. o NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. o ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. How to cite this thesis Surname, Initial(s). (2012) Title of the thesis or dissertation. PhD. (Chemistry)/ M.Sc. (Physics)/ M.A. (Philosophy)/M.Com. (Finance) etc. [Unpublished]: University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from: https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index?site_name=Research%20Output (Accessed: Date). Recovery of hematite from fluorspar tailings using reverse cationic flotation By Thembelihle Portia Lubisi A Master’s Research dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister technologiae in Chemical Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment at the UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: Dr Willie Nheta CO-SUPERVISOR: Prof Freeman Ntuli 22 February 2017 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my loving husband. I am grateful for his support throughout the project. I thank him for his continuous understanding and listening to me on my frustration days, my overenthusiastic days and everything in between. I thank my helper for taking care of my children when I came home late and exhausted. I thank my sister for her continuous encouragement, ensuring I don’t quit.