Exploitation Strategic Plan and Business Model - Final
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Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT Developing a National Action Plan to Reduce, and Where Feasible, Eliminate Mercury Use in Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining Working Draft August 17, 2015 Foreword The Minamata Convention on Mercury, opened for signature in October 2013 in Japan, creates a blueprint for actions to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds. Article 7 of the Minamata Convention addresses the largest anthropogenic source of mercury pollution, artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM). Under Article 7, countries where mercury is used in ASGM are required to take steps to reduce and, where feasible, eliminate the use of mercury. Because the ASGM sector is closely tied to complex economic development and poverty issues, the Convention allows flexible, country-specific solutions through the development of an ASGM National Action Plan (NAP). Although each country’s NAP process will be unique, Annex C of the Minamata Convention provides a list of elements that must be included in each NAP. This document represents an expansion of the UNEP’s Guidance Document: Developing a National Strategic Plan to Reduce Mercury Use in Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining (UNEP 2011), and is intended to reflect Convention obligation and other advances in understanding of the ASGM sector. This document provides guidance to countries in formulating NAPs that are compliant with the requirements of the Minamata Convention, and provides technical, legal and policy information on issues related to ASGM, which can be useful when preparing and implementing the NAP. Although the use of this guidance is not a requirement under the Minamata Convention, this guidance is intended to assist countries with the preparation of their NAPs. -
GREEN SYNTHESIS and CHARACTERIZATION of SODIUM Supported by CYANIDE from CASSAVA (Manihot Esculenta CRANTZ)
GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SODIUM Supported by CYANIDE FROM CASSAVA (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) E. B. AttahDaniel1*, P. O. Enwerem2, P. G. Lawrence1, C. U. Ofiwe 3, S. O. O. Olusunle4 and A. R. Adetunji5 1Department of Chemical Sciences, Federal University Wukari, PMB 1020, Taraba State, Nigeria 2Department of Chemistry, River State University, PMB 5080, Mkpoluorowurukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria 3National Agency for Science & Engineering Infrastructure, Centre of Excellence, Nanotechnology and Advanced Material, Akure x, Ondo State, Nigeria 4Engineering Materials Development Institute, PMB 611 Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria 5Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received: January 09, 2020 Accepted: February 24, 2020 Abstract: This study was carried out to develop a green, simple and cost-effective route for synthesis of sodium cyanidevia aquohydrolysis of linamarin a cyanogenic glucoside found in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Two procedures were employed and compared, the acid hydrolysis method and direct (aquo) hydrolysis. The CN– ion released was reacted with Na+ via ion exchange to replace the hydroxyl ion (OH–) and yielded NaCN. The NaCN was crystallized via evaporation in an air ventilated oven by maintaining the temperature of the reaction solution at 100oC. The crystalized salt was quantified using the modified Vogel’s Argentometric method of cyanide quantification. The concentrations were found to be 10.56 mg/g for whole tuber, 13.92 mg/g for tuber tissue and 4.5 mg/g for cassava peels. Analyte grade sodium cyanide purchased off shelf was used as a reference. The crystals were characterized using, X-ray diffraction analysis; the X-ray diffractogram confirmed the products from acid hydrolysis was a cyanogen (CN2CN2) while the product from direct hydrolysis was sodium cyanide. -
Correspondence. the Concentration and Sizing Of
90 DISCCSSIO-U ON SIZING OF CRUSHED NIBEEhLS. [Minutes Of Mr. Commans. Au!hor, when speaking of the digiculty of screening particles less than l& to 1 nlillimetre in diameter, was referring to screening in a wet condition, as commonly was the case with ore, and did not intend to referto thescreening or sieving of drymaterial, as Mr. J. H. Saunderson would seem to suppose. On the other hand, undoubtedly, even withdry material, a difficulty wasoften experienced with fine sieves of the meshes getting choked ; and if that was obviated in themachine referred to byMr. Saunderson, it was certainlya step in the right direction. With Mr. Garland's remarks about the jigger bottom having a forward inclination, he quite agreed. That plan should never be adopted, and whatever fall was required toassist the movement of the ore shouldbe obtained by slightly lowering each successive sieve, or the depth of the bedding, the sieves themselves remaining horizontal. Correspondence. JIr. Bartsch. Mr. W. J. BARTSCH,of Siegen,supplemented theAuthor's description by some details of results obtained with the Bartsch concentrator. As wouldbe seen from Figs. 45, that appliance consisted of a convex circular table carried at the centre on a bearing b, and at the circumference by rollers c. Radial blows were imparted by a cam f, and the slime and wash-water dis- tributors revolved over thetable, the main water-pipe being bent in a parabolic curve. The usual diameter of the table was 134 feet. For every 30 revolutions of the shaft, 120 bumps were imparted to the table, in which time(one minute) the distributors made half a revolution of the table. -
4.3 Synthetic Graphite
BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMMUNICATION FAKULTA ELEKTROTECHNIKY A KOMUNIKAČNÍCH TECHNOLOGIÍ DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY ÚSTAV ELEKTROTECHNOLOGIE THE EFFECT OF ELECTRODE BINDERS TO ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIALS BACHELOR'S THESIS VLIV POJIV NA ELEKTROCHEMICKÉ VLASTNOSTI ZÁPORNÝCH ELEKTRODOVÝCH HMOT BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE AUTHOR András Zsigmond AUTOR PRÁCE SUPERVISOR Ing. Jiří Libich, Ph.D. VEDOUCÍ PRÁCE BRNO 2016 BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Department of Electrical and Electronic Technology Bachelor thesis Bachelor's study field Microelectronics and Technology Student: András Zsigmond ID: 154915 Year of study: 3 Academic year: 2015/16 TITLE OF THESIS: The Effect of Electrode Binders to Electrochemical Properties of Negative Electrode Materials INSTRUCTION: Get acquaint with Lithium-Ion batteries and their charactericti electrochemicla properties. Study operation principle of Litihum-Ion battery along with intercalaction process. Lead experiments which involve different kinds of binders and their using in electrodes. REFERENCE: Podle pokynů vedoucího práce. Assigment deadline: 8. 2. 2016 Submission deadline: 2. 6. 2016 Head of thesis: Ing. Jiří Libich, Ph.D. Consultant: doc. Ing. Jiří Háze, Ph.D. Subject Council chairman WARNING: The author of this bachelor thesis claims that by creating this thesis he/she did not infringe the rights of third persons and the personal and/or property rights of third persons were not subjected to derogatory treatment. The author isfully aware of the legal consequences of an infringement of provisions asper Section 11 and following of Act No 121/2000 Coll. on copyright and rights related to copyright and on amendments to some other laws (the Copyright Act) in the wording of subsequent directives including the possible criminal consequences asresulting from provisions of Part 2, Chapter VI, Article 4 of Criminal Code 40/2009 Coll. -
Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Alaska Conference on Placer Mining
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH ANNUAL ALASKA CONFERENCE ON PLACER MINING 'PLACER MINING - JOBS FOR ALASKA" MARCH 18-25. 1987 Compiled by Mary Albanese and Bruce Campbell Prom cover: Tlra Colomdo Creek mammoth skull being wmpped In 0 plaallc jacket in prepamrlon lor rhbment lo the LiAF Jlureurn. Photo rourtrJv Uniuerrity 01 Alarka Mureum. SPONSORED BY Placer Miners of Alaska Alaska Miners Association Alaska Women in Mining - Mining Advocacy Council ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Gail Ackles,,...... ................... Circle Mining District Mary Albanese.. .......................Alaska DivlsFon of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Lela Bouton ...........................Koyukuk Mining District Roger Burggraf ........................Fairbanks Mining District Jeff Burton ...........................Tanana Valley Community College Bruce Campbell ........................Special Technical Assistant Karen Clautice ........................ Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Judy Geraghty livengood- good-Toovaa Mining District Kathy Gaff........... .................Alaeka Miners Association Charles Green .........................Alaska Division of Mnerals and Forest Products Brent Aamil ...........................University of Alaska Jim Madonna ........................... University of Alaska Rose Rybachek .........................Alaska Miners Association Rosalyn Stowell ....................... Alaska Women in Mining Mary-Lou Teal., ....................... Alaska Women in Mining Dan Walsh...... .......................University of Alaska, -
Non-Renewable Resources Curriculum
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 322 354 CE 055 476 TITLE Non-Renewable Resomrces Curriculum. INSTITUTION Alaska State Dept. of Education, Juneau. Div. of Adult and Vocational Education. PUB DATE 88 NOTE 80p. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Citizenship; Competency Based Education; Curriculum Development; Educational Objectives; Employment Qualifications; *Entry Workers; *Fuels; Leadership; *Mining; *Natural Resources; *Occupational Information; Postsecondary Education; Secondary Education; *State Curriculum Guides; Vocational Education IDENTIFIERS *Alaska ABSTRACT This document is designed to help teachers and administrators in Alaska develop secondary and postsecondary training in nonrenewable natural resources. Its competencies reflect those needed for entry-level employment in the following industriesas identified by international businesses surveyed in Alaska:gas and petroleum, coal, placer, and underground mining. Section 1introduces the concept of competency-based curriculum and the role of vocational educators in curriculum planning, in_lementation, and evaluation. Section 2 describes the scope and sequence of nonrenewable natural resource competencies. Section 3 presents basic and advanced competencies and accompanying tasks in leadership and ritizenship, introduction to nonrenewable natural resources, gas and petroleum, and mining. Section 4 contains four course descriptions that provide a framework for the design and implementation of a balancedprogram in nonrenewable -
Notes Electrochemistry FG Vylechmann, Ph.D
N O T E S E L E C T R OC H E M I S T R Y . l E HMANN PH . D . F . G v C , y N EW YORK ’ MCGRAW PUBLI SHIN G COMPAN Y 1 906 CHA LE R S H. SEN FF A TO KEN OF EST EEM AN D REGARD P R E F A C E . T HE principal aim kept in view in the preparation o f these notes has been the giving o f a clear and con cise presentation o f the general prin ciples which un derlie electro chemical science . Endeavor has been made to meet the needs of students entering upon the study o f electro chemistry an d o f chemists interested in the application of electrical energy to chemical problems . The literature o f electro chemistry counts as its o wn a ' number of standard works which treat in detail the theories of the scien ce , the methods of electro chemical analysis , and D f e . the applications of el ctro chemistry i fering from these , the present notes aim merely to offer a general survey of the subject , to serve as an introduction to its study and to aid in the securing of a proper understanding and appreciation u of the work along individ al lines . ha s In the chapter on ele ctrote chnolo gy , spe cial endeavor bee n made to secure the most recent and reliable data and full advantage has been taken o f the information given in leading techni cal journals and in the excellent monographs o f s : E m Wasseri er Lo u Foer ter lektro che ie g s ngen , and of : E Wright lectri c Furnaces and their Industrial Applications . -
Recovery of Hematite from Fluorspar Tailings Using Reverse Cationic Flotation
COPYRIGHT AND CITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THIS THESIS/ DISSERTATION o Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. o NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. o ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. How to cite this thesis Surname, Initial(s). (2012) Title of the thesis or dissertation. PhD. (Chemistry)/ M.Sc. (Physics)/ M.A. (Philosophy)/M.Com. (Finance) etc. [Unpublished]: University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from: https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index?site_name=Research%20Output (Accessed: Date). Recovery of hematite from fluorspar tailings using reverse cationic flotation By Thembelihle Portia Lubisi A Master’s Research dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister technologiae in Chemical Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment at the UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: Dr Willie Nheta CO-SUPERVISOR: Prof Freeman Ntuli 22 February 2017 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my loving husband. I am grateful for his support throughout the project. I thank him for his continuous understanding and listening to me on my frustration days, my overenthusiastic days and everything in between. I thank my helper for taking care of my children when I came home late and exhausted. I thank my sister for her continuous encouragement, ensuring I don’t quit. -
Scavenging Flotation Tailings Using a Continuous Centrifugal Gravity Concentrator
Scavenging Flotation Tailings using a Continuous Centrifugal Gravity Concentrator by Hassan Ghaffari B.A.Sc. & M.A.Sc. Department of Mining Engineering, Technical Faculty Tehran University, Iran, 1990 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Applied Science in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF MINING ENGINEERIG THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA We accepted this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA August 2004 © Hassan Ghaffari, 2004 THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Library Authorization In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. H ASS A A/ GrMFFAR I 31 ,o%2t>4 Name of Author (please print) Date (dd/mm/yyyy) Title of Thesis: Degree: /l/l-A S C Year: Department of The University of British Columbiumbia ^ u c/ Vancouver, BC Canada grad.ubc.ca/forms/?formlD=THS page 1 of 1 last updated: 31-Aug-04 11 Summary A study was conducted to evaluate the Knelson Continuous Variable Discharge (CVD) concentrator as a scavenger for coarse middling particles from flotation tailings. The goal was to recover a product of suitable grade for recycling to the grinding circuit to improve liberation and aid subsequent recovery in flotation. -
National Register of Historic Places Registration Form
NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. 1. Name of Property Historic name: Ute-Ulay Mine and Mill Other names/site number: 5HN.77 Name of related multiple property listing: The Mining Industry in Colorado; Hinsdale County Metal Mining (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Location Street & number: County Road 20 City or town: Lake City State: Colorado County: Hinsdale Not For Publication: n/a Vicinity: X ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination ___ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 -
Electrolytic Reduction Hydrometallurgy
Metallurgy ,2nd Part C9 ,4th Sem Dr Sukla Chakladar Associate Professor,RNKWC,Midnapopre Electrolytic reduction For more reactive metals like Na,Mg ,Al etc cannot be reduce by carbon reduction process. So they can be reduced by electrolysis and these metals are not obtained by electrolysis from aqueous solution of their salt. So in these cases electrolytes are molten salts. Some e.gs Metal Electrolyte Reaction at the electrodes Na NaOH (Castner’s Process) At Cathode Na++e Na At anode 4OH- 2H2O+O2+4e NaCl(Down’s Process) Na++e Na(at Cathode) - 2Cl Cl2+2e(at Anode) Mg Molten MgO Mg2+ +2e Mg(Cathode) 2- O 1/2O2+e(Anode) 2+ MgCl2 Mg +2e Mg(Cathode) - 2Cl Cl2+2e(Anode) 3+ 2- Al Alumina(Al2O3,Na3AlF6+CaF2) Al2O3 2Al +3O Al3++3e Al(Cathode) 2- - 3O 3/2O2+3e (Anode) Hydrometallurgy Hydrometallurgy involves extraction of metal from ore by preparing an aqueous solution of a salt of the metal and recovering the metal from the solution. The operations usually involved are leaching, or dissolution of the metal or metal compound in water, commonly with additional agents; separation of the waste and purification of the leach solution; and the precipitation of the metal or one of its pure compounds from the leach solution by chemical or electrolytic means. It involves extraction of less electropositive or less reactive metals like gold and silver. Powdered ore is first dissolved in a suitable reagent by complex formation e.g. Ag2S+4NaCN 2Na[Ag(CN)2]+Na2S 4Au+8NaCN+2H2O+O2 4Na[Au(CN)2]+4NaOH Now a strong electropositive metal added to above salt solution from which metal is obtained. -
CHANGING TECHNOLOGY Ln a CHANGING WORLD the CASE of EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY 1
CHANGING TECHNOLOGY lN A CHANGING WORLD THE CASE OF EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY 1 Fathi Habashi 2 ABSTRACT Smelting of ores for metal extraction is an ancient art in our civilization. New technology is being introduced, but forces of resistance are sometimes so strong to permit a radical change. While the iron and steel, zinc, aluminum, and gold industries are responding to change, the copper and nickel industries seem to be more conservative. Key words: iron, steel, copper, pressure hydrometallurgy, gold, alurninum, zinc, nickel, sulfur dioxide, elemental sulfur, sulfuric acid, pyrite, arsenopyrite. ' XVII Encontro Nacional de Tratamento de Minérios e Metalurgia Extrativa - I Simpósio sobre Química de Colóides- Aguas de Sao Pedro- SP, Brazil , August 23-26. 1998. :· Department of Mining and Metallurgy, Lavai University, Qut:bec City, Canada 49 INTRODUCTION Extractive metallurgy today is usually divided in two sectors: ferrous and nonferrous because of the large scale operations in the ferrous [1). Steel production in one year exceeds that of ali other metais combined in ten years. As a result, metallurgists in the nonferrous sector usually do not participate in the activities of iron and steel makers and vice versa. This is a pity because for sure one can leam from the other. ln fact, the copper industry adopted many technologies used first in iron and steel production. For example, when Bessemer invented the conventer in 1856 it was adopted in the copper industry ten years !ater, and when high grade massive copper sulfide ores were exhausted and metallurgists were obliged to treat low-grade ores, the puddling furnace was adapted in form of a reverberatory furnace to treat the flotation concentrates.