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Review of the Leafhopper Genus Maiestas Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Korea

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Review of the Leafhopper Genus Maiestas Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Korea Zootaxa 4646 (3): 564–584 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.3.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A576AA78-86B8-43EB-8A83-B851B015381F Review of the leafhopper genus Maiestas Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Korea NIRMAL KUMAR DUTTA1,2, JIN HYUNG KWON1,3,4, SANG JAE SUH1 & YONG JUNG KWON1 1School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea 2Division of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh 3Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA 4Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The Korean fauna of the leafhopper genus Maiestas Distant, 1917 is reviewed taxonomically. A total of 12 species are recognized, including three new species: M. borealis sp. nov., M. maritima sp. nov., and M. peninsularis sp. nov. The following three species are newly recorded from Korea: M. horvathi (Then), M. irisa Zhang & Duan, M. yangae Zhang & Duan. A check-list and key to Korean species of the genus are provided. Key words: Auchenorrhyncha, Deltocephalini, taxonomy, morphology, distribution Introduction The leafhopper genus Maiestas was erected by Distant (1917) with M. illustris Distant, 1917 as its type species. This genus belongs to the tribe Deltocephalini of the subfamily Deltocephalinae. The leafhoppers of this genus are generally widespread on wild grasses although three most common species- M. dorsalis (Motschulsky), M. distincta (Motschulsky), and M. oryzae (Matsumura) may also occur on gramineous crops, such as rice, barley, wheat, maize, sorghum and sugarcane, etc. M. dorsalis (Motschulsky) also acts as a vector of plant pathogens (Nielson, 1968). Like many other cicadellids, identification of this taxon mainly depends on male genital characters. Webb & Vi- raktamath (2009) revised the genus Recilia in their monograph of the Old World Deltocephalini, transferring most species formerly placed in Recilia or Deltocephalus (Recilia) to the genus Maiestas Distant, 1917. Maiestas differs from Deltocephalus or Recilia in having the aedeagal shaft at most only slightly curved in lateral view with its apex not notched and sometimes produced into a thin process or spine with the gonopore apical on the dorsal surface. So far, 98 species of Maiestas have been described worldwide (Duan & Dietrich, 2017). In Korea, only 6 spe- cies of this genus were recorded previously (Kwon & Huh, 2001; Lee et al. 2014). In this paper, we treat 12 species from Korea including three new species and three newly recorded species, and provide a checklist and a key for their separation. Material and methods Morphological terminology used in the study follows Dietrich (2005). Dissections of male genitalia and sternal apodemes were carried out as described by Kwon (1988). Taxonomic characters were examined under either stereo or optical microscopes (Olympus SZX16, BX51), with a digital camera (Tucsen DigiRetina 16) attached for pho- tography. All the specimens examined are deposited in the collection at the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Daegu 702−701, Korea. 564 Accepted by C. Dietrich: 18 Mar. 2019; published: 25 Jul. 2019 Taxonomy Genus Maiestas Distant, 1917 Maiestas Distant, 1917, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 312. Type species: Maiestas illustris Distant, 1917, by monotypy. Togacephalus Matsumura, 1940, Ins. Matsumurana 6: 38. Type species: Deltocephalus distincta Motschulsky, 1859, by original designation. Inazuma Ishihara, 1953, Sci. Rept. Matsuyama Agr. Coll.11: 15. Type species: Deltocephalus dorsalis Motschulsky, 1859, by original designation. Inemadara Ishihara, 1953, Sci. Rept. Matsuyama Agr. Coll.11: 48. Type species: Deltocephalus oryzae Matsumura, 1902, by original designation. Insulanus Linnavuori, 1960, Ins. Micronesia 6(5): 303.Type species: Stirellus subviridis Metcalf, 1946, by original designa- tion. Distribution. Old World. Diagnosis. Body moderately slender, with crown rounded triangularly and projecting forwards, rounded to face. Male pygofer with scattered macrosetae in apical half, without process. Subgenital plate subtriangular with outer margin rounded; macrosetae arranged in marginal row. Style with well expressed subapical angle. Connective fused to aedeagus; arms parallel, with apices fused together. Aedeagal shaft weakly curved dorsally, apex entire and sometimes produced into thin process or spine; gonopore apical, opened dorsally. Check-list of Korean Maiestas species Maiestas borealis sp. nov. Maiestas distincta (Motschulsky, 1859) Maiestas dorsalis (Motschulsky, 1859) Maiestas heuksandoensis (Kwon & Lee, 1979) Maiestas horvathi (Then, 1896), new record Maiestas irisa Zhang & Duan, 2011, new record Maiestas latifrons (Matsumura, 1902) Maiestas maritima sp. nov. Maiestas obongsanensis (Kwon & Lee, 1979) Maiestas oryzae (Matsumura, 1902) Maiestas peninsularis sp. nov. Maiestas yangae Zhang & Duan, 2011, new record Key to species of the genus Maiestas from Korea 1. Forewing with zigzag reddish brown markings ......................................................M. dorsalis - Forewing without zigzag reddish brown markings ...........................................................2 2. Forewing with distinct dark spot at middle of near claval suture in clavus, and bigger round dark spot present at base of central anteapical cell ...........................................................................M. obongsanensis - Forewing without above combination .....................................................................3 3. Apical margin of crown entirely lacking dark spots ............................................M. heuksanduensis - Apical margin of crown with dark spots ...................................................................4 4. Aedeagal shaft with a few marginal microspinules in middle portion .....................................M. horvathi - Aedeagal shaft without microspinules .....................................................................5 5. Postion of ventral tooth on style apophysis subapical .........................................................6 - Postion of ventral tooth on style apophysis variable, not subapical ...............................................7 6. Subgenital plate with evenly convex outer margin ............................................M. borealis sp. nov. - Outer margin of subgenital plate convex in basal half, straight in distal half ..................................M. irisa 7. Style apophysis abruptly tapered from midlength to narrowly rounded apex .......................................8 - Style apophysis evenly tapered to apex .................................................................... 9 8. Aedeagal shaft short and broad, about 2.4 times as long as basal width in ventral view ........................M. yangae LEAFHOPPER GENUS MAIESTAS DISTANT FROM KOREA Zootaxa 4646 (3) © 2019 Magnolia Press · 565 - Aedeagal shaft long and slender, about 4 times as long as basal width in ventral view .......................M. distincta 9. Pronotum distinctly shorter than crown ....................................................M. maritima sp. nov. - Pronotum as long as or longer than crown ................................................................10 10. Posterior lobe of 2nd sternal apodeme long, reaching end of 4th sternite ..................................M. latifrons - Posterior lobe of 2nd sternal apodeme not extended past 3rd sternite ............................................11 11. Style apophysis slender, slightly curved laterally, bluntly pointed apically ...................... M. peninsularis sp. nov. - Style apophysis rather robust, not curved laterally, narrowly rounded apically. M. oryzae Maiestas borealis sp. nov. (Figs 1A–J) Description. General coloration light brown. Crown with dark brownish patterns on anterior margin, on disc brown bands and spots on each side of mid line. Frontoclypeus with fuscous arcs. Pronotum with blackish patches. Scutel- lum with dark brown marks. Forewings with greyish veins; cells bordered with dark brown patches. Head slightly wider than pronotum. Crown longer medially than next to eyes, nearly 0.8 times as long as inter-ocular width; ante- rior margin angularly rounded. Ocelli close to eyes, on anterior margin of head, visible on dorsal side. Frontoclypeus broad, approximately as long as width between antennal pits. Anteclypeus slightly tapering apically. Lora distinctly narrower than anteclypeus near base. Pronotum slightly longer than crown; lateral margin carinate; anterior mar- gin rounded; posterior margin slightly concave. Scutellum slightly shorter than pronotum, with transverse suture slightly curved and depressed. Forewing macropterous, with four apical and three anteapical cells; inner anteapical cell open basally; middle anteapical cell divided by crossvein. Second sternal apodeme in male with posterior lobes well developed, reaching nearly end of 3rd sternite. Male genitalia. Pygofer lobe in lateral aspect approximately 1.3 times longer than high, with numerous short to long macrosetae in apical half; hind margin somewhat truncate. Subgenital plate subtriangular; lateral margin even- ly convex, with several macrosetae. Style slender; preapical lobe acute, well expressed, with fine setae; apophysis rather short, with ventral tooth subapically.
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