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Low Bridge, Everybody Down' (WITH INDEX)
“Low Bridge; Everybody Down!” Notes & Notions on the Construction & Early Operation of the Erie Canal Chuck Friday Editor and Commentator 2005 “Low Bridge; Everybody Down!” 1 Table of Contents TOPIC PAGE Introduction ………………………………………………………………….. 3 The Erie Canal as a Federal Project………………………………………….. 3 New York State Seizes the Initiative………………………………………… 4 Biographical Sketch of Jesse Hawley - Early Erie Canal Advocate…………. 5 Western Terminus for the Erie Canal (Black Rock vs Buffalo)……………… 6 Digging the Ditch……………………………………………………………. 7 Yankee Ingenuity…………………………………………………………….. 10 Eastward to Albany…………………………………………………………… 12 Westward to Lake Erie………………………………………………………… 16 Tying Up Loose Ends………………………………………………………… 20 The Building of a Harbor at Buffalo………………………………………….. 21 Canal Workforce……………………………………………………………… 22 The Irish Worker Story……………………………………………………….. 27 Engineering Characteristics of Canals………………………………………… 29 Early Life on the Canal……………………………………………………….. 33 Winter – The Canal‘sGreatest Impediment……………………………………. 43 Canal Expansion………………………………………………………………. 45 “Low Bridge; Everybody Down!” 2 ―Low Bridge; Everybody Down!‖ Notes & Notions on the Construction & Early Operation of the Erie Canal Initial Resource Book: Dan Murphy, The Erie Canal: The Ditch That Opened A Nation, 2001 Introduction A foolhardy proposal, years of political bickering and partisan infighting, an outrageous $7.5 million price tag (an amount roughly equal to about $4 billion today) – all that for a four foot deep, 40 foot wide ditch connecting Lake Erie in western New York with the Hudson River in Albany. It took 7 years of labor, slowly clawing shovels of earth from the ground in a 363-mile trek across the wilderness of New York State. Through the use of many references, this paper attempts to describe this remarkable construction project. Additionally, it describes the early operation of the canal and its impact on the daily life on or near the canal‘s winding path across the state. -
Waterway Dimensions
Generated by waterscape.com Dimension Data The data published in this documentis British Waterways’ estimate of the dimensions of our waterways based upon local knowledge and expertise. Whilst British Waterways anticipates that this data is reasonably accurate, we cannot guarantee its precision. Therefore, this data should only be used as a helpful guide and you should always use your own judgement taking into account local circumstances at any particular time. Aire & Calder Navigation Goole to Leeds Lock tail - Bulholme Lock Length Beam Draught Headroom - 6.3m 2.74m - - 20.67ft 8.99ft - Castleford Lock is limiting due to the curvature of the lock chamber. Goole to Leeds Lock tail - Castleford Lock Length Beam Draught Headroom 61m - - - 200.13ft - - - Heck Road Bridge is now lower than Stubbs Bridge (investigations underway), which was previously limiting. A height of 3.6m at Heck should be seen as maximum at the crown during normal water level. Goole to Leeds Lock tail - Heck Road Bridge Length Beam Draught Headroom - - - 3.71m - - - 12.17ft - 1 - Generated by waterscape.com Leeds Lock tail to River Lock tail - Leeds Lock Length Beam Draught Headroom - 5.5m 2.68m - - 18.04ft 8.79ft - Pleasure craft dimensions showing small lock being limiting unless by prior arrangement to access full lock giving an extra 43m. Leeds Lock tail to River Lock tail - Crown Point Bridge Length Beam Draught Headroom - - - 3.62m - - - 11.88ft Crown Point Bridge at summer levels Wakefield Branch - Broadreach Lock Length Beam Draught Headroom - 5.55m 2.7m - - 18.21ft 8.86ft - Pleasure craft dimensions showing small lock being limiting unless by prior arrangement to access full lock giving an extra 43m. -
Lancaster Canal, Garstang to Lancaster Easy Trail: Please Be Aware That the Grading of This Trail Was Set According to Normal Water Levels and Conditions
Lancaster Canal, Garstang to Lancaster Easy Trail: Please be aware that the grading of this trail was set according to normal water levels and conditions. Weather and water level/conditions can change the nature of trail within a short space of time so please ensure you check both of these before heading out. Distance: 12 miles to Lancaster or 8 miles to Galgate Approximate Time: 3-5 Hours The time has been estimated based on you travelling 3 – 5mph (a leisurely pace using a recreational type of boat). Type of Trail: One Way Waterways Travelled: Lancaster Canal Type of Water: Mainly rural canal Portages and Locks: None Vehicle shuttle required Nearest Towns: Garstang, Galgate, Lancaster Start: Kepple Lane Bridge Bridge no.62, Garstang, Preston, Lancashire PR3 1PB. Route Summary Finish: Aldcliffe Road LA1 5BE map ref. 469605 O.S. Sheets: OS Explorer Map OL41 Forest of Bowland As a navigation the Lancaster Canal is a delight and has a and Ribblesdale. OS Landranger Maps 102 and 97. 42½ miles navigable pound the longest in the country. Licence Information: A licence is required to paddle on this waterway. See full details in Useful Information Start Directions below. Kepple Lane Bridge Bridge no.62, Garstang, Preston, Lancashire PS3 1PB. Map ref 489450. Parking is available Local Facilities: Full facilities Garstang and Lancaster. on Moss Lane near the junction with Church Street which There is also an excellent café and craft centre at is the continuation of Kepple Lane but is restricted to 2 Galgate next to the marina hours. Access to the canal is along a short footpath past a children’s play park. -
English Nature Research Report 75
4 CANALS AS AQUATIC CORRIDORS 4.1 INTRODUCTION The term 'corridor' can be used to describe two different situations. In the first, the corridor is simply a passage along which organisms travel. or along which propagules are dispersed. Thus, one can imagine a butterfly or a bird passing from one wood to another along a hedge, or a seed floating along a stream from one lake to another. The second situation is the corridor as a linear habitat in which organisms live and reproduce. This section of the report considers British canals as linear habitats for submerged and floating vascular plants. A study of the plants which have colonized canals is of interest for two reasons. Canals are of intrinsic importance, as they contain significant populations of many scarce or rare aquatic macrophytes. They are unstable habitats: if neglected they gradually become overgrown by emergent vegetation but if maintained and intensively used by boat traffic they also lose much of their botanical diversity (Murphy & Eaton 1983). The restoration of canals for pleasure boating has been a controversial issue in recent years, and the management of the Basingstoke Canal. in particular, has been a subject of heated debate (see Byfield 1990). Proposals to use canals as part of a national water grid may also need to be evaluated by conservationists, and a knowledge of the dispersal behaviour and colonizing ability of both native and alien species will be essential if the consequences of linking canals are to be predicted. 4.2 REPRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT In considering aquatic corridors, an important feature of aquatic plants must be borne in mind: the prevalence of vegetative reproduction in many genera. -
Lining a Canal in the United Kingdom with a Bituminous Geomembrane
Lining a canal in the United Kingdom with a bituminous geomembrane M.TURLEY, Colas Limited, United Kingdom A GOSS, British Waterways ABSTRACT: As part of the continuing programme of improvements being carried out to the canal network in the UK by British Wa- terways, a section of the Llangollen canal in North Wales required relining due to leakage in the 200 year old structure. Engineers in British waterways’ headquarters in Leeds specified a bituminous geomembrane liner system, which enabled a simpler design to be adopted compared to other commonly used systems. Added complications on the site were the construction of a new concrete retain- ing wall along one bank and access for cattle from a pasture above the canal to the water by means of watering hole structures con- structed in concrete. The ability to bond the bituminous geomembrane directly onto the concrete was an important factor in its choice. 1 INTRODUCTION 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE 1.1 Background 2.1 The section to be lined The 2,000-mile (3,219km) network of canals and river navi- The site to be lined was a section approximately 400m in gations throughout England, Scotland and Wales are managed by length running from just after a 200 year old arched stone bridge a Public Corporation known as British Waterways. An example carrying vehicles over the canal, to a narrowed concrete channel. of a “working heritage”, the canals are currently being restored The canal runs in an elevated position along the side of a slope, at the same rate they were built 200 years ago and the biggest with grazing land on the uphill slope and low density housing ever programme of repairs is currently underway. -
Openness & Accountability Mailing List
Openness & Accountability Mailing List AINA Amateur Rowing Association Anglers Conservation Association APCO Association of Waterway Cruising Clubs British Boating Federation British Canoe Union British Marine Federation Canal & Boat Builder’s Association CCPR Commercial Boat Operators Association Community Boats Association Country Landowners Association Cyclist’s Touring Club Historic Narrow Boat Owners Club Inland Waterways Association IWAAC Local Government Association NAHFAC National Association of Boat Owners National Community Boats Association National Federation of Anglers Parliamentary Waterways Group Rambler’s Association The Yacht Harbour Association Residential Boat Owner’s Association Royal Yachting Association Southern Canals Association Steam Boat Association Thames Boating Trades Association Thames Traditional Boat Society The Barge Association Upper Avon Navigation Trust Wooden Canal Boat Society ABSE AINA Amber Valley Borough Council Ash Tree Boat Club Ashby Canal Association Ashby Canal Trust Association of Canal Enterprises Aylesbury Canal Society 1 Aylesbury Vale District Council B&MK Trust Barnsley, Dearne & & Dover Canal Trust Barnet Borough Council Basingstoke Canal Authority Basingstoke Canal Authority Basingstoke Canal Authority Bassetlaw District Council Bath North East Somerset Council Bedford & Milton Keynes Waterway Trust Bedford Rivers Users Group Bedfordshire County Council Birmingham City Council Boat Museum Society Chair Bolton Metropolitan Council Borough of Milton Keynes Brent Council Bridge 19-40 -
Canal Restrictions by Boat Size
Aire & Calder Navigation The main line is 34.0 miles (54.4 km) long and has 11 locks. The Wakefield Branch is 7.5 miles (12 km) long and has 4 locks. The navigable river Aire to Haddlesey is 6.5 miles (10.4 km) long and has 2 locks. The maximum boat size that can navigate the full main line is length: 200' 2" (61.0 metres) - Castleford Lock beam: 18' 1" (5.5 metres) - Leeds Lock height: 11' 10" (3.6 metres) - Heck Road Bridge draught: 8' 9" (2.68 metres) - cill of Leeds Lock The maximum boat size that can navigate the Wakefield Branch is length: 141' 0" (42.9 metres) beam: 18' 3" (5.55 metres) - Broadreach Lock height: 11' 10" (3.6 metres) draught: 8' 10" (2.7 metres) - cill of Broadreach Lock Ashby Canal The maximum size of boat that can navigate the Ashby Canal is length: There are no locks to limit length beam: 8' 2" (2.49 metres) - Safety Gate near Marston Junction height: 8' 8" (2.64 metres) - Bridge 15a draught: 4' 7" (1.39 metres) Ashton Canal The maximum boat length that can navigate the Ashton Canal is length: 74' 0" (22.5 metres) - Lock 2 beam: 7' 3" (2.2 metres) - Lock 4 height: 6' 5" (1.95 metres) - Bridge 21 (Lumb Lane) draught: 3' 7" (1.1 metres) - cill of Lock 9 Avon Navigation The maximum size of boat that navigate throughout the Avon Navigation is length: 70' (21.3 metres) beam: 12' 6" (3.8 metres) height: 10' (3.0 metres) draught: 4' 0" (1.2 metres) - reduces to 3' 0" or less towards Alveston Weir Basingstoke Canal The maximum size of boat that can navigate the Basingstoke Canal is length: 72' (21.9 metres) beam: 13' -
Greenwood Lancaster Canal.Pub
Watsonia 25: 231–253 (2005) LANCASTER CANAL 231 The changing flora of the Lancaster Canal in * West Lancaster (v.c. 60) E. F. GREENWOOD 10 Gayton Parkway, Wirral, CH60 3SS ABSTRACT An account is provided of the history of the Lancaster Canal in West Lancaster (v.c. 60). During its 200 year history the changing flora is described showing it has provided a habitat for a characteristic flora. However, the changes are consistent with general eutrophication, which more recent detailed studies suggest is accelerating. In addition changes and especially losses appear to confirm a correlation with increasing boat traffic. KEYWORDS: aquatic flora, eutrophication, boat traffic. INTRODUCTION The second half of the 18th century was a time of change across much of England. Despite the American Wars of Independence and the Napoleonic wars it was a time of gradually rising wealth as industrial development accelerated. It was a period of entrepreneurship and innovation with new manufacturing processes and a developing factory system. However, transport was a problem facing the new industrialists. Packhorse trails and even the new toll roads were inadequate. The solution was to build canals, which in England were pioneered in the Mersey basin with the opening of the St Helens Canal (1757) and the Bridgewater Canal (1765), which were used primarily for transporting coal (Hadfield & Biddle 1970). Changes were also taking place in rural areas with the enclosure of common lands, drainage of wetlands and general agricultural improvement requiring marl (calcareous clay) and lime (Holt 1795). As a consequence of these changes there was a rapid growth in the size of towns, particularly in Lancashire south of the River Ribble, whilst in the rural areas in the north and west of the county agricultural improvements took place providing food for the growing and increasingly urban population (Crosby 1998). -
Putting the Water Into Waterways, September 2014 Also Available At
Putting the water into waterways Water Resources Strategy 2015–2020 October 2015 Contents Executive summary 3 Appendices Strategic actions 4 Appendix 1 – Hydrological units, including phase 1 modelling cycle 28 01 – Introduction – why do we need a Water Resources Strategy? 6 Appendix 2 – Organisations that helped us to shape this Strategy 32 02 – Key concepts and definitions 8 Appendix 3 – Glossary 33 03 – Why do we need a level of service? 11 Appendix 4 – References 34 04 – What is our agreed level of service? 11 05 – Impacts of restorations and new canals on level of service 12 North West Waterway North East Waterway 06 – Measuring level of service Manchester & Pennine Waterway North Wales & Borders Waterway and baseline data Central Shires13 Waterway East Midlands Waterway West Midlands Waterway 07 – Future pressures South East 14Waterway South Wales & Severn Waterway Kennet & Avon Waterway Stockton London Waterway on Tees 08 – How will we decide on waternon-Trust waterways coastal gateways resource improvement schemes?non-navigable 19 waterways are Kendal indicated by a dashed line 09 – Phasing of water resources Ripon Lancaster schemes 22 Skipton Bingley 10 – Other issues 23 Preston Burnley York Ribble for 3 & 5 rise Blackburn Link Leeds Sowerby Selby 11 – Cycle of the strategy 27 Bridge Goole Rochdale Castleford Burscough Wakefield Wigan Bolton Bury Huddersfield Keadby Standedge Salford Tunnel Doncaster Liverpool Quays Rotherham Manchester Sheffield Runcorn Chesterfield Worksop Gainsborough Marple Anderton Bugsworth Boat Lift Basin -
Savick Brook Electrofishing Survey 2001
6 A' NofcTW ^ o X 7 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY NORTH WEST REGION Savick Brook Electrofishing Survey 2001 Rebecca Oldfield and David Charlesworth March 2002 Environment Agency Lutra House Dodd Way Walton Summit Bamber Bridge Preston PR58BX i En v ir o n m e n t Ag e n c y Information Services Unit Please return or renew this item by the due date Due Date Summary A total of 8 sites were electrofished in Savick Brook on 29th & 30th May 2001. Savick Brook was surveyed to determine fish species and abundance as part of the Ribble Link Project. The electrofishing procedure consisted of a single upstream sweep of the electrode at each site. The fish densities (expressed as numbers per 100m2) calculated from this method and presented in this report are semi-quantitative, or minimum estimates and therefore do not represent the complete population in survey sites. The majority of the sites had excellent fish populations, with only one fishless site. Limnophilic (stillwater) (roach and gudgeon) coarse fish were present at 38% of the 8 sites surveyed. Rheophilic (flowing water) (chub and dace) coarse fish were present at 87.5% of the sites with a couple showing high densities. Excellent numbers of juvenile flounder were also present at 7 of the sites. The present water quality is suitable for coarse fish species. This is reflected in the densities of coarse fish found in Savick Brook. The length frequency analysis showed that the populations of coarse fish were established and self-sustaining and reproducing naturally CONTENTS Page No Summary 2 Contents 3 1 Introduction 4 2 Methodology 5 3 Results 7 3.1 Overview 7 3.2 Coarse Fish Densities 7 3.2.1 Rheohilic Fish Densities 2001 8 3.2.2 Limnophilic Fish Densities 2001 8 3.23 Flounder 8 4 Discussion 10 1.1 Species Composition 10 1.2 Water Quality 10 13 Savick Brook Description 11 5 Conclusions 12 6 Recommendations 13 7 Appendices 14 3 1 INTRODUCTION This report aims to find the distribution and abundance of fish in Savick Brook. -
Film Locations Brochure
ON THE WATERFRONT A GUIDE TO WATERSIDE FILM LOCATIONS British Waterways Filming Enquiries Willow Grange Church Road Watford WD17 4QA Tel: 01923 201120 Fax: 01923 201300 Website: www.britishwaterways.co.uk/filming E-mail: [email protected] 5. Hull Marina – River Hull River – Marina Hull 5. 4. Historic working boat Atlas faithfully restored to 1950s – Birmingham & Black Country Canals Country Black & Birmingham – 1950s to restored faithfully Atlas boat working Historic 4. 3. Priory Marina, Bedford – Great River Ouse River Great – Bedford Marina, Priory 3. 2. West India Quay, London – Docklands – London Quay, India West 2. 1. Heritage Van, 1954 Sidevent, Fradley – Coventry Canal Coventry – Fradley Sidevent, 1954 Van, Heritage 1. 5 4 3 2 1 CONTENTS “This brochure is an excellent example of how FAR FROM THE MADDING CROWD location owners can unlock the potential of their Rural Landscapes | Rugged Countryside | Mountain Backdrops 2 sites and develop relationships with the filming industry. Britain's waterways offer a fantastic LOCK, STOCK & TWO SMOKING BARRELS national and international resource of locations, Urban Decay | Dereliction | Hidden Corners 4 and few single organisations can offer as much variety as British Waterways. The British Film WISH YOU WERE HERE…? Commission is pleased to be working alongside Beauty Spots | Tourist Attractions | Days Out 6 British Waterways to open up its waterside sites to a much wider audience.” THE FULL MONTY Industrial Scenes | Factories | Smoke 8 DAMBUSTERS Aqueducts | Reservoirs | Locks & Bridges 10 HOWARD’S WAY Steve Norris Docks | Marinas | Boats 12 British Film Commissioner NEIGHBOURS Homes | Town Centres | Suburbs 14 ONE FOOT IN THE PAST Curious Structures | Buildings | Heritage 16 AUF WIEDERSEHEN PET! Work in Progress | Holes | Demolition 18 Front Cover: Bowling Basin, near Dumbarton. -
Speed on Canals.” by FEANCISROUBILIAC CONDER, M
160 ADXISSIONS AND ELECTIONS. [Minutes of Associafe IlIe1r~71err. HORACEALLEN, Stud. Inst.C.E. GEOXGEDALLAS MARSTOX, Stud. Inst. JAMES ATEINSON. C.E. ARTHUR BARCLAY. CHARLESEDWARD MASTERMAN. CHARLESWILLIADX BARNETT. JOHXNETHVEN. FELICIANOMENDES DE MESQUITA \vILLIAM BURTON8bVILLE IIILLS, BARROS. Stud. Inst. C.E. WILLIAM BASHALL, Jun., Stud.Inst. WILLIAU PCRCELLOWEILL, Stud. C.E. Inst. C.E. PERCYBENHAB~, Stud. Inst.C.E. CAHILOGUILLERXO PARDO,Stud. EDWARDROBERT BIRCH, B.A., B.E., Inst. C.E. Stud. Inst. C.E. CHARLES DONALD NAPIERPAREEL HARRYBIRD. HENRYPARKES, Stud. Inst. C.E. WILLIAMNISBET BLAIR, Stud. Inst. WILLIAM MORROPEARSE. C.E. CHARLESBERKELEY PENLINGTOB, CARL RODERIQUELOUIS MENNI BONN. Stud. Inst. C.E. THOXASSMITH BRIGHT,Stud. Inst. WILLIADIFRANK PETTIGREW, Stud. C.E. Inst. C.E. CHARLESEDWIX BROWN. WILLIAXHEXRY RADFORD. WILLIAMHENRY BURR. WILLIAXREID. JAMESBUTLER. PETERROBERTS. ALBERTHAVELOCK CASE. HENRY GEORGEARCHIBALD ROUSE. ALFRED CREER. HEXRYROYLE. FITZHERBERT RUXTOXDESPARD. ROBERT ALLENWILLIAM SNINNERTON. HEXRYFRANCIS DOREY, Stud. Inst. ALBERTHARRISON TURNER. C.E. PERCYJOHN WATES. QEORGEHOLLAND ERSKINE, Stud. Inst. THOMASDUNClN WEIR, Stud.Inst. C.E. C.E. HARRYF~ANCIS. I~AU~IICEFITZGER.4LD WILSON, Stud. JAMESFRENCH. Inst. C.E. ROBERTMACNISH GALE. JOHN i%CKWORTH WOOD. RICHARDHACK. FREDERICKADLARD WRIGHT, Stud. GEORGE HOWARDHARBISON. Inst. C.E. LLOYDHASSELL, Stud. Inst. C.E. ROBERTW.4DE WRIGHT, Stud. Inst. PERDINANDHUDLESTON. C.E. WILLIAMOWEN LGCAS. Associate. WILLIAVWAKEFORD. ‘‘ Speed on Canals.” BY FEANCISROUBILIAC CONDER, M. INST.C.E. THEamount of resistance tothe propulsion of vessels through narrowchannels, due to the size, the form, andthe surface of the channel,has not hitherto been fully studied. Thatthis Downloaded by [ University of Liverpool] on [15/09/16]. Copyright © ICE Publishing, all rights reserved. PLATE 1 e% 120'.0" X 20'.0' FORT H AND C LVD E.