DAP Paul Motian

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DAP Paul Motian Departamento de Comunicação e Arte 2013 João Miguel Marques e O desenvolvimento da forma de Silva Nunes Martins tocar de Paul Motian de 1956 a 1972 Dissertação apresentada à Universidade de Aveiro para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Música realizado sob orientação científica do Doutor David Lloyd, professor do Departamento de Comunicação e Arte da Universidade de Aveiro e co-orientação do Licenciado Luís Figueiredo. 2 O Júri Presidente Professora Doutora Maria Helena Ribeiro da Silva Caspurro (professor auxiliar convidada da Universidade de Aveiro) Arguente Principal Professor Doutor António Augusto Martins da Rocha Oliveira Aguiar (professor adjunto da Escola Superior de Música e Artes do Espectáculo – ESMAE) Orientador Doutor David Wyn Lloyd (assistente convidado da Universidade de Aveiro) 3 4 Agradecimentos Agradeço aos professores que colaboraram e me ajudaram na elaboração desta dissertação, professora Rosário Pestana, ao professor David Lloyd e ao professor Luís Figueiredo. Agradeço aos meus amigos músicos e professores que me ajudaram no desenvolvimento da minha forma de tocar e que me abriram as portas para novas abordagens e novas maneiras de pensar a música. Agradeço também aos meus familiares e amigos por todo o apoio que me têm dado ao longo da minha caminhada como músico. 5 6 Palavras Chave Paul Motian, Jazz, bateria, história da bateria, abordagens na bateria, improvisação. Resumo Descobrir através de entrevistas os pontos fulcrais na carreira da Paul Motian (quais os músicos que mais o influenciaram). Analisar discos de cada um dos projectos que tiveram mais impacto para ele de forma a compreender melhor o desenvolvimento da sua forma de tocar. Finalizar o estudo com o seu primeiro disco como líder. Como finalidade, fazer uma performance que demonstre as diferentes abordagens que Motian teve ao longo dos 16 anos de carreira analisados nesta dissertação. 7 8 Keywords Paul Motian, Jazz, drums, history of drums, ways of approaching drums, improvisation. Abstract Find out through interviews the main points in Paul Motian career (who were the musicians that had more impact on him). Analyse records from each project that had a more impact for him to be able to understand better the development of his way of playing. End this study with his first record as a leader. The main purpose is to make a performance that shows the different approaches that Motian had in the 16 years of his career that were analysed in this essay. 9 10 ÍNDICE Índice de figuras........................................................................................................12 GLOSSÁRIO .....................................................................................................................13 CAPITULO 1...................................................................................................................19 1. – História da bateria Jazz .........................................................................................19 1.1. – O aparecimento do instrumento bateria....................................................19 1.2. – A bateria pelos diferentes períodos da história do Jazz .......................20 1.2.1. – New Orleans ou Dixieland...................................................................................20 1.2.2. – Chicago Style..........................................................................................................21 1.2.3. – Swing e Big Band....................................................................................................22 1.2.4. – Be-Bop ou Bop ........................................................................................................23 1.3. – Principais bateristas de cada período.........................................................26 CAPÍTULO 2...................................................................................................................29 2. – Paul Motian ................................................................................................................29 2.1. – Biografia .............................................................................................................29 2.2. – Entrevistas a Paul Motian...............................................................................30 CAPÍTULO 3...................................................................................................................35 3. – Discos analisados ......................................................................................................35 3.1 – Paul Motian com Bill Evans, antes de Scott Lafaro ...................................40 3.1.1. – New Jazz Conceptions .........................................................................................40 3.2. – Paul Motian com Bill Evans e Scott LaFaro................................................44 3.2.1. – Portrait in Jazz .....................................................................................................44 3.2.2. – Waltz for Debby ....................................................................................................48 3.3. - Paul Motian com Bill Evans e Gary Peacock ..............................................51 3.3.1 – Trio’ 64 .....................................................................................................................51 3.4. – Motian com Paul Bley......................................................................................55 3.4.1. – Paul Bley with Gary Peacock .............................................................................55 3.4.2. - Turns ........................................................................................................................57 3.5.1. – Life Between the Exit Signs................................................................................62 3.5.2. – El Juicio ...................................................................................................................65 3.6. – Paul Motian como líder...................................................................................68 3.6.1. – Conception Vessel.................................................................................................68 CAPÍTULO 4...................................................................................................................73 4. – Forma de tocar .........................................................................................................73 4.1. – Como Motian e outros bateristas caracterizam a sua forma de tocar. .........................................................................................................................................73 CAPÍTULO 5. .................................................................................................................77 5. Os temas escolhidos para a apresentação do projecto.....................................77 CAPÍTULO 6. .................................................................................................................81 6. Conclusão......................................................................................................................81 CAPÍTULO 7. .................................................................................................................85 7. Bibliografia ...................................................................................................................85 ANEXOS .........................................................................................................................89 11 ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Figura 1 - Bateria ........................................................................................14 Figura 2 - Bateristas mais influentes de New Orleans a Be-Bop ..................................26 Figura 3 - Mapa de influências.........................................................................26 Figura 4 - Padrão tradicional de ride .................................................................32 Figura 5 - Bombo e pratos de choque.................................................................32 Figura 6 - Padrão de swing da era Be-Bop ...........................................................33 Figura 7 - Exemplos de swing quebrado..............................................................33 Figura 8 - Padrão básico de escovas ..................................................................34 Figura 9 - Padrão de escovas para baladas ..........................................................34 Figura 10 - Padrão de escovas em "8".................................................................34 Figura 11 - Tabela de tempos..........................................................................35 Figura 12 - Discos analisados...........................................................................40 Figura 13 - Análise de New Jazz Conceptions .......................................................41 Figura 14 - Análise do disco Portrait In Jazz ........................................................45 Figura 15 - Análise do disco Waltz for Debby .......................................................49 Figura 16 - Análise do disco Trio' 64 ..................................................................52 Figura 17 - Análise do disco Paul Bley with Gary Peacock ........................................55 Figura 18 - Análise do disco Turns ....................................................................58 Figura 19 - Análise do disco Life Between the Exit Signs..........................................62
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