For Saving Species ISSN 2652-1334 Spring 2020 Issue 17 the Snakes and Lizards Most at Risk of Extinction the Importance of Community
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A Global Assessment of Parasite Diversity in Galaxiid Fishes
diversity Article A Global Assessment of Parasite Diversity in Galaxiid Fishes Rachel A. Paterson 1,*, Gustavo P. Viozzi 2, Carlos A. Rauque 2, Verónica R. Flores 2 and Robert Poulin 3 1 The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, P.O. Box 5685, Torgarden, 7485 Trondheim, Norway 2 Laboratorio de Parasitología, INIBIOMA, CONICET—Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche 8400, Argentina; [email protected] (G.P.V.); [email protected] (C.A.R.); veronicaroxanafl[email protected] (V.R.F.) 3 Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +47-481-37-867 Abstract: Free-living species often receive greater conservation attention than the parasites they support, with parasite conservation often being hindered by a lack of parasite biodiversity knowl- edge. This study aimed to determine the current state of knowledge regarding parasites of the Southern Hemisphere freshwater fish family Galaxiidae, in order to identify knowledge gaps to focus future research attention. Specifically, we assessed how galaxiid–parasite knowledge differs among geographic regions in relation to research effort (i.e., number of studies or fish individuals examined, extent of tissue examination, taxonomic resolution), in addition to ecological traits known to influ- ence parasite richness. To date, ~50% of galaxiid species have been examined for parasites, though the majority of studies have focused on single parasite taxa rather than assessing the full diversity of macro- and microparasites. The highest number of parasites were observed from Argentinean galaxiids, and studies in all geographic regions were biased towards the highly abundant and most widely distributed galaxiid species, Galaxias maculatus. -
Platypus Collins, L.R
AUSTRALIAN MAMMALS BIOLOGY AND CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT Stephen Jackson © CSIRO 2003 All rights reserved. Except under the conditions described in the Australian Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, duplicating or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Contact CSIRO PUBLISHING for all permission requests. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Jackson, Stephen M. Australian mammals: Biology and captive management Bibliography. ISBN 0 643 06635 7. 1. Mammals – Australia. 2. Captive mammals. I. Title. 599.0994 Available from CSIRO PUBLISHING 150 Oxford Street (PO Box 1139) Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9662 7666 Local call: 1300 788 000 (Australia only) Fax: +61 3 9662 7555 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.publish.csiro.au Cover photos courtesy Stephen Jackson, Esther Beaton and Nick Alexander Set in Minion and Optima Cover and text design by James Kelly Typeset by Desktop Concepts Pty Ltd Printed in Australia by Ligare REFERENCES reserved. Chapter 1 – Platypus Collins, L.R. (1973) Monotremes and Marsupials: A Reference for Zoological Institutions. Smithsonian Institution Press, rights Austin, M.A. (1997) A Practical Guide to the Successful Washington. All Handrearing of Tasmanian Marsupials. Regal Publications, Collins, G.H., Whittington, R.J. & Canfield, P.J. (1986) Melbourne. Theileria ornithorhynchi Mackerras, 1959 in the platypus, 2003. Beaven, M. (1997) Hand rearing of a juvenile platypus. Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Shaw). Journal of Wildlife Proceedings of the ASZK/ARAZPA Conference. 16–20 March. -
Creating Jobs, Protecting Forests?
Creating Jobs, Protecting Forests? An Analysis of the State of the Nation’s Regional Forest Agreements Creating Jobs, Protecting Forests? An Analysis of the State of the Nation’s Regional Forest Agreements The Wilderness Society. 2020, Creating Jobs, Protecting Forests? The State of the Nation’s RFAs, The Wilderness Society, Melbourne, Australia Table of contents 4 Executive summary Printed on 100% recycled post-consumer waste paper 5 Key findings 6 Recommendations Copyright The Wilderness Society Ltd 7 List of abbreviations All material presented in this publication is protected by copyright. 8 Introduction First published September 2020. 9 1. Background and legal status 12 2. Success of the RFAs in achieving key outcomes Contact: [email protected] | 1800 030 641 | www.wilderness.org.au 12 2.1 Comprehensive, Adequate, Representative Reserve system 13 2.1.1 Design of the CAR Reserve System Cover image: Yarra Ranges, Victoria | mitchgreenphotos.com 14 2.1.2 Implementation of the CAR Reserve System 15 2.1.3 Management of the CAR Reserve System 16 2.2 Ecologically Sustainable Forest Management 16 2.2.1 Maintaining biodiversity 20 2.2.2 Contributing factors to biodiversity decline 21 2.3 Security for industry 22 2.3.1 Volume of logs harvested 25 2.3.2 Employment 25 2.3.3 Growth in the plantation sector of Australia’s wood products industry 27 2.3.4 Factors contributing to industry decline 28 2.4 Regard to relevant research and projects 28 2.5 Reviews 32 3. Ability of the RFAs to meet intended outcomes into the future 32 3.1 Climate change 32 3.1.1 The role of forests in climate change mitigation 32 3.1.2 Climate change impacts on conservation and native forestry 33 3.2 Biodiversity loss/resource decline 33 3.2.1 Altered fire regimes 34 3.2.2 Disease 35 3.2.3 Pest species 35 3.3 Competing forest uses and values 35 3.3.1 Water 35 3.3.2 Carbon credits 36 3.4 Changing industries, markets and societies 36 3.5 International and national agreements 37 3.6 Legal concerns 37 3.7 Findings 38 4. -
Ba3444 MAMMAL BOOKLET FINAL.Indd
Intot Obliv i The disappearing native mammals of northern Australia Compiled by James Fitzsimons Sarah Legge Barry Traill John Woinarski Into Oblivion? The disappearing native mammals of northern Australia 1 SUMMARY Since European settlement, the deepest loss of Australian biodiversity has been the spate of extinctions of endemic mammals. Historically, these losses occurred mostly in inland and in temperate parts of the country, and largely between 1890 and 1950. A new wave of extinctions is now threatening Australian mammals, this time in northern Australia. Many mammal species are in sharp decline across the north, even in extensive natural areas managed primarily for conservation. The main evidence of this decline comes consistently from two contrasting sources: robust scientifi c monitoring programs and more broad-scale Indigenous knowledge. The main drivers of the mammal decline in northern Australia include inappropriate fi re regimes (too much fi re) and predation by feral cats. Cane Toads are also implicated, particularly to the recent catastrophic decline of the Northern Quoll. Furthermore, some impacts are due to vegetation changes associated with the pastoral industry. Disease could also be a factor, but to date there is little evidence for or against it. Based on current trends, many native mammals will become extinct in northern Australia in the next 10-20 years, and even the largest and most iconic national parks in northern Australia will lose native mammal species. This problem needs to be solved. The fi rst step towards a solution is to recognise the problem, and this publication seeks to alert the Australian community and decision makers to this urgent issue. -
Table 7: Species Changing IUCN Red List Status (2018-2019)
IUCN Red List version 2019-3: Table 7 Last Updated: 10 December 2019 Table 7: Species changing IUCN Red List Status (2018-2019) Published listings of a species' status may change for a variety of reasons (genuine improvement or deterioration in status; new information being available that was not known at the time of the previous assessment; taxonomic changes; corrections to mistakes made in previous assessments, etc. To help Red List users interpret the changes between the Red List updates, a summary of species that have changed category between 2018 (IUCN Red List version 2018-2) and 2019 (IUCN Red List version 2019-3) and the reasons for these changes is provided in the table below. IUCN Red List Categories: EX - Extinct, EW - Extinct in the Wild, CR - Critically Endangered [CR(PE) - Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct), CR(PEW) - Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct in the Wild)], EN - Endangered, VU - Vulnerable, LR/cd - Lower Risk/conservation dependent, NT - Near Threatened (includes LR/nt - Lower Risk/near threatened), DD - Data Deficient, LC - Least Concern (includes LR/lc - Lower Risk, least concern). Reasons for change: G - Genuine status change (genuine improvement or deterioration in the species' status); N - Non-genuine status change (i.e., status changes due to new information, improved knowledge of the criteria, incorrect data used previously, taxonomic revision, etc.); E - Previous listing was an Error. IUCN Red List IUCN Red Reason for Red List Scientific name Common name (2018) List (2019) change version Category -
The Galaxiid Fishes of Australia (Pisces: Galaxiidae)
THE GALAXIID FISHES OF AUSTRALIA (PISCES: GALAXIIDAE) R. M. McDoWALL, Fisheries Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Christchurch, New Zealand and R. S. FRANKENBERG, Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia* *Present address: "Warrangee", Howlong, New South Wales 2640 Australia. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................... , ......................................444 Material examined ........................................................................................447 Systematics ..................................................................................................449 KEY TO AUSTRALIAN GENERA OF GALAXIIDAE ............................................... .455 Genus Galaxias Cuvier ...................................................................................455 KEY TO AUSTRALIAN SPECIES OF GALAXIAS ................................................... .455 Galaxias brevipinnis Gunther ......................................................................... .456 Galaxias olidus Gunther ................................................................................ .469 Galaxias johnstoni Scott ................................................................................ .489 Galaxias pedderensis Frankenberg .................................................................. .493 Galaxias fontanus Fulton ............................................................................... .498 Galaxias truttaceus Valenciennes .....................................................................501 -
Conservation Biology of the Golden Galaxias (Galaxias Auratus) (Pisces: Galaxiidae)
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268296788 Conservation Biology of the Golden Galaxias (Galaxias auratus) (Pisces: Galaxiidae) Thesis · June 2007 CITATION READS 1 172 1 author: Scott Hardie Department of Primary Industris, Parks, Water and Ennvironment, Hobart, Tasmania Australia 22 PUBLICATIONS 208 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: IUCN conservation assessment of Australian freshwater fishes View project All content following this page was uploaded by Scott Hardie on 23 May 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Conservation Biology of the Golden Galaxias (Galaxias auratus ) (Pisces: Galaxiidae) Scott Anthony Hardie A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia 2007 Declaration of Originality This thesis does not contain any material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in the University of Tasmania nor any other university or institution. The material this thesis contains is, to the best of my knowledge, original except where due acknowledgement is made. Mr Scott A. Hardie June 2007 Statement of Authority of Access This thesis may be reproduced, archived, and communicated in any material form in whole or in part by the University of Tasmania or its agents, and may be made available for loan and copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968 . Mr Scott A. Hardie June 2007 i Statement of Co-authorship The following people and institutions contributed to the publication (or submission for publication) of some of the work undertaken as part of this thesis: Preface Candidate*† (96%), Leon A. -
Fact Sheet: Big Trouble for Little Fish
Science for Policy Research findings in brief Project 2.1 Big trouble for little fish: Identifying Australian freshwater fishes at imminent risk of extinction In brief In Australia, many freshwater fish described in the past decade, and (The Environment Protection and species have declined sharply since seven are awaiting description. Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 the 1950s. Preventing extinctions Twenty-one of the species identified (EPBC Act)). Listing of the other will require identifying the species are small-bodied, with the majority 19 species would provide essential most at risk. occurring in southern Australia, a protection and recognition for the remaining individuals of these We used structured expert elicitation region where introduced predatory species and their critical habitat. and other available published and trout species have taken a heavy unpublished data to identify the toll, especially on native galaxiids. The fate of all 22 species will depend freshwater fishes at greatest risk Although the majority of these species upon individual targeted action, of extinction, and to estimate were once far more widespread, all 22 investment and collaboration among the likelihood of extinction within fishes now have small distributions with governments and non-government ~20 years if there is no change areas of occupancy ranging between organisations to mitigate threats to current management. 4 – 44 km2; this greatly increases the and support recovery. We identified 22 species at high risk of risk that single catastrophic events, such The assessments were undertaken extinction (from ~315 species known as a large bushfire, could cause species prior to the 2019–20 Black Summer to occur in Australia), 20 of which had extinctions. -
Fauna of Australia 2A
FAUNA of AUSTRALIA 26. BIOGEOGRAPHY AND PHYLOGENY OF THE SQUAMATA Mark N. Hutchinson & Stephen C. Donnellan 26. BIOGEOGRAPHY AND PHYLOGENY OF THE SQUAMATA This review summarises the current hypotheses of the origin, antiquity and history of the order Squamata, the dominant living reptile group which comprises the lizards, snakes and worm-lizards. The primary concern here is with the broad relationships and origins of the major taxa rather than with local distributional or phylogenetic patterns within Australia. In our review of the phylogenetic hypotheses, where possible we refer principally to data sets that have been analysed by cladistic methods. Analyses based on anatomical morphological data sets are integrated with the results of karyotypic and biochemical data sets. A persistent theme of this chapter is that for most families there are few cladistically analysed morphological data, and karyotypic or biochemical data sets are limited or unavailable. Biogeographic study, especially historical biogeography, cannot proceed unless both phylogenetic data are available for the taxa and geological data are available for the physical environment. Again, the reader will find that geological data are very uncertain regarding the degree and timing of the isolation of the Australian continent from Asia and Antarctica. In most cases, therefore, conclusions should be regarded very cautiously. The number of squamate families in Australia is low. Five of approximately fifteen lizard families and five or six of eleven snake families occur in the region; amphisbaenians are absent. Opinions vary concerning the actual number of families recognised in the Australian fauna, depending on whether the Pygopodidae are regarded as distinct from the Gekkonidae, and whether sea snakes, Hydrophiidae and Laticaudidae, are recognised as separate from the Elapidae. -
Aspects of the Phylogeny, Biogeography and Taxonomy of Galaxioid Fishes
Aspects of the phylogeny, biogeography and taxonomy of galaxioid fishes Jonathan Michael Waters, BSc. (Hons.) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, / 2- Oo ( 01 f University of Tasmania (August, 1996) Paragalaxias dissim1/is (Regan); illustrated by David Crook Statements I declare that this thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, this thesis contains no material previously published o:r written by another person, except where due reference is made in the text. This thesis is not to be made available for loan or copying for two years following the date this statement is signed. Following that time the thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. Signed Summary This study used two distinct methods to infer phylogenetic relationships of members of the Galaxioidea. The first approach involved direct sequencing of mitochondrial DNA to produce a molecular phylogeny. Secondly, a thorough osteological study of the galaxiines was the basis of a cladistic analysis to produce a morphological phylogeny. Phylogenetic analysis of 303 base pairs of mitochondrial cytochrome b _supported the monophyly of Neochanna, Paragalaxias and Galaxiella. This gene also reinforced recognised groups such as Galaxias truttaceus-G. auratus and G. fasciatus-G. argenteus. In a previously unrecognised grouping, Galaxias olidus and G. parvus were united as a sister clade to Paragalaxias. In addition, Nesogalaxias neocaledonicus and G. paucispondylus were included in a clade containing G. -
The Importance of Protecting and Conserving the Wet Tropics
The Importance of Protecting and Conserving the Wet Tropics Synthesis of NERP Tropical Ecosystems Hub Tropical Rainforest Research Outputs 2011-2014 Compiled by RRRC The Importance of Protecting and Conserving the Wet Tropics A Synthesis of NERP Tropical Ecosystems Hub Tropical Rainforest Research Outputs 2011-2014 Julie Carmody, Helen Murphy, Ro Hill, Carla Catterall, Steve Goosem, Allan Dale, David Westcott, Justin Welbergen, Luke Shoo, Natalie Stoeckl, Michelle Esparon Supported by the Australian Government’s National Environmental Research Program © Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry: 978-1-925088-60-1 This report should be cited as: Carmody, J., Murphy, H., Hill, R., Catterall, C., Goosem, S., Dale, A., Westcott, D., Welbergen, J., Shoo, L., Stoeckl, N., Esparon, M. (2015) The Importance of Protecting and Conserving the Wet Tropics: A synthesis of NERP Tropical Ecosystems Hub Tropical Rainforest Outputs 2011-2014. Report to the National Environmental Research Program. Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited, Cairns (6 4pp.). Published by the Reef and Rainforest Research Centre on behalf of the Australian Government’s National Environmental Research Program (NERP) Tropical Ecosystems (TE) Hub. The Tropical Ecosystems Hub is part of the Australian Government’s National Environmental Research Program. The NERP TE Hub is administered in North Queensland by the Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited (RRRC). The NERP Tropical Ecosystem Hub addresses issues of concern for the management, conservation and sustainable use of the World Heritage listed Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and its catchments, tropical rainforests including the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area (WTWHA), and the terrestrial and marine assets underpinning resilient communities in the Torres Strait, through the generation and transfer of world-class research and shared knowledge. -
Two New Subspecies of the Leaf-Tailed Gecko Phyllurus Ossa (Lacertilia: Carphodactylidae) from Mid-Eastern Queensland, Australia
Zootaxa 3664 (4): 537–553 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3664.4.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ADCEC4CA-728B-486F-934D-CB36DA5E18D6 Two new subspecies of the leaf-tailed gecko Phyllurus ossa (Lacertilia: Carphodactylidae) from mid-eastern Queensland, Australia PATRICK COUPER1 & CONRAD J. HOSKIN2 1Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300 South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 2School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville Queensland 4811, Australia Abstract Following the discovery of a new population of Phyllurus ossa on Whitsunday Island in the Cumberland Island Group, eastern Queensland, we conducted both genetic and morphological analyses to assess differences between all known pop- ulations. The analyses revealed three genetically distinct, morphologically diagnosable, geographical units. The differenc- es are such that we recognise these as subspecies: Phyllurus ossa ossa restricted to the Mt Ossa/Mt Pelion/ Mt Charlton/ St Helens Gap area; P. ossa hobsoni subsp. nov. on Mt Dryander and in the Conway Range and P. os sa t am o y a subsp. nov. currently only known from Whitsunday Island. There are now 11 recognised taxa in Phyllurus. The three P. o ss a sub- species are narrowly distributed and closely associated with exposed rock in low to mid-elevation vine forests. Their cur- rent distributions are shaped by past climate change that progressively contracted and fragmented the distribution of rainforests in eastern Australia. The recognition of these subspecies has land management/conservation implications.