H12468 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE November 5, 2007 rules and agree to the resolution, H. (1) recognizes the close relationship be- of ambassadors. President Bush wel- Res. 435, as amended. tween the United States and the Republic of comed ’s new Ambassador, The question was taken; and (two- San Marino; Paulo Rondelli, during a White House thirds being in the affirmative) the (2) expresses its deep gratitude to the Re- ceremony on July 25. U.S. Ambassador rules were suspended and the resolu- public of San Marino for its close collabora- tion and support in issues of critical impor- Ronald Spogli presented his credentials tion, as amended, was agreed to. tance to our economic and national security to the Captains Regent in San Marino’s A motion to reconsider was laid on interests; and Palazzo Publico on March 8. I welcome the table. (3) commemorates the first bilateral ex- this development in our bilateral rela- f change of Ambassadors in the history of our tions, and look forward to ever closer RECOGNIZING THE CLOSE RELA- long relationship. cooperation with our European ally. TIONSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- I urge my colleagues to join me in STATES AND THE REPUBLIC OF ant to the rule, the gentleman from supporting this resolution which recog- SAN MARINO New York (Mr. ENGEL) and the gen- nizes the close relationship between tleman from Arkansas (Mr. BOOZMAN) our two countries, expresses gratitude Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I move to each will control 20 minutes. to San Marino for its friendship and suspend the rules and agree to the con- The Chair recognizes the gentleman support, and commemorates the first current resolution (H. Con. Res. 236) from New York. ever exchange of ambassadors. recognizing the close relationship be- Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of tween the United States and the Re- GENERAL LEAVE Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan- my time. public of San Marino, as amended. Mr. BOOZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield The Clerk read the title of the con- imous consent that all Members may have 5 legislative days to revise and ex- myself such time as I may consume. current resolution. Mr. Speaker, let’s take a moment to tend their remarks and include extra- The text of the concurrent resolution recognize an ally whose relationship neous material on the resolution under is as follows: with the United States certainly ex- consideration. H. CON. RES. 236 ceeds its size. Completely surrounded The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Whereas the Republic of San Marino is the by Italy, the European microstate of objection to the request of the gen- oldest republic in the world; San Marino has the smallest popu- Whereas the Republic of San Marino was tleman from New York? founded by those fleeing the religious perse- There was no objection. lation of all the members of the Coun- cution of the Roman Empire, and has ad- Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise in cil of Europe. Yet, San Marino has hered to the principles of tolerance and indi- strong support of this resolution and made a strong ally of the United vidual liberty throughout its history; yield myself as much time as I may States, most notably within a number Whereas the United States and the Repub- consume. of international institutions, including lic of San Marino have long held close ties the United Nations and the Inter- based on common interests and common val- I would like to thank my good friend and colleague, the gentleman from national Monetary Fund. In fact, the ues; U.S. and San Marino have collaborated Whereas the special bond between the Re- California (Mr. DREIER), for intro- public of San Marino and the United States ducing this resolution that recognizes closely on several key issues such as was first expressed nearly a century and a a small but important friend of the combating international terrorist fi- half ago in an exchange of letters between United States. nancing and protecting intellectual President Abraham Lincoln and the Captains It is often said, Mr. Speaker, that property rights. Regent of San Marino; good things come in small packages, Moreover, San Marino has been a Whereas President Lincoln expressed in his and in the case of San Marino, this is leader in promoting interreligious and letter his deep respect for the Republic of intercultural dialogue within the Euro- San Marino as ‘‘one of the most honored in certainly true. San Marino is the third smallest country in Europe, only Vati- pean Union. The value of our relation- all of history’’ and took encouragement from ship was marked earlier this year by its example that a ‘‘government founded on can City and Monaco being smaller. republican principles is capable of being so San Marino, which is home to 29,000 the first exchange of ambassadors be- administered as to be secure and enduring’’; inhabitants in a territory one-third the tween the U.S. and San Marino. Whereas the Republic of San Marino has size of the District of Columbia, at- I, therefore, ask my colleagues to been a steadfast ally of the United States in tracts several million visitors a year. join me in supporting Ranking Member many international organizations, such as The tourist industry makes up over 50 DREIER’s H. Con. Res. 236, recognizing the United Nations and the International our close relationship with the Repub- Monetary Fund; percent of the country’s GDP. San Marino is said to be the oldest lic of San Marino. Whereas the Republic of San Marino has Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I reserve been a close collaborator on a number of key republic in the world. It was founded in 301 A.D. by Marinus of Rab, a Christian my time. economic issues, such as the protection of in- Mr. BOOZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield tellectual property; fleeing from religious persecution by to the author of this resolution, the Whereas the Republic of San Marino has the Roman Emperor. gentleman from California (Mr. been a close collaborator in the fight against Its constitution, which dates back to terrorism, including efforts to combat inter- DREIER) such time as he may consume. 1600, is the world’s oldest written con- (Mr. DREIER asked and was given national terrorist financing; stitution, and remains in effect to this Whereas through its chairmanship of the permission to revise and extend his re- Committee of Ministers of the Council of Eu- day. marks.) rope, the Republic of San Marino has worked San Marino has been an active player Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I want to to promote inter-religious and inter-cultural at the international level, including thank my colleagues, the gentleman the United Nations, International Mon- dialogue; from New York (Mr. ENGEL) and the Whereas earlier this year, the United etary Fund, and Council of Europe. gentleman from Arkansas (Mr. States and the Republic of San Marino up- Through these bodies, San Marino has graded their diplomatic relations to ambas- BOOZMAN), for their very thoughtful re- sought to promote interreligious and marks on this resolution. sador-level, and exchanged the first bilateral intercultural dialogue, as well as the Ambassadors in our history; I also want to join in expressing my Whereas Paolo Rondelli, the first Ambas- protection of intellectual property. appreciation to my fellow Californian, sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of San Marino has also cultivated a the distinguished Chair of the Com- the Republic of San Marino to the United close friendship with the United States mittee on Foreign Affairs, Mr. LANTOS States, presented his credentials to Presi- based on our shared values and inter- and, of course, the ranking Republican, dent Bush at a ceremony at the White House ests. This relationship was first ex- Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. on July 25, 2007; and pressed when President Abraham Lin- Whereas the Honorable Ronald P. Spogli coln exchanged letters with the Cap- b 1500 presented credentials to the Captains Regent tains Regent of San Marino. I think both of the sets of remarks (co-Heads of State) in a ceremony in San Nearly 150 years after these letters offered underscore something that is Marino’s Palazzo Publico on March 8, 2007: Now, therefore, be it were sent, the United States and San extraordinarily important, and that is Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Marino upgraded their bilateral rela- that we thank and express our appre- Senate concurring), That Congress— tions to include the first ever exchange ciation to our allies, no matter how

VerDate Aug 31 2005 01:03 Nov 06, 2007 Jkt 069060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K05NO7.022 H05NOPT1 bajohnson on PROD1PC69 with HOUSE November 5, 2007 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H12469 large or how small their populations, we have honored their friendship and Whereas in 1978, Lalibela was recognized on in dealing with the challenges that we support, as was said, by elevating our the World Heritage List as a property consid- face internationally. relationship to the ambassadorial ered to have outstanding universal cultural But I will say I have a particular in- level. value by the World Heritage Committee of My good friend and fellow Califor- the United Nations Educational, Scientific terest in the world’s oldest republic be- and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); cause I am privileged to represent its nian Ron Spogli, as the first U.S. Am- Whereas in the mid-19th century, Emperor namesake, the City of San Marino, bassador to the Republic of San Tewodros II began the modernization of California. Marino, presented his credentials to and led a successful campaign to I had the privilege, Mr. Speaker, of the Captains Regent in a ceremony in unify Ethiopia; leading the first bipartisan delegation San Marino’s Palazzo Publico on March Whereas the proud and courageous people to what, as my friend from New York 8 of 2007. And as my friend from New of Ethiopia defeated the invading Italian correctly said, is the oldest republic on York said, the exchange was completed army in the Battle of Adowa in 1896; the face of the Earth, and we took this when on July 25 of this year, Paolo Whereas United States-Ethiopian relations were established on December 27, 1903, by delegation back in 2004 to the Republic Rondelli, the first Ambassador of the Emperor Menelik II and President Theodore of San Marino. I had the opportunity Republic of San Marino to the United Roosevelt; to present to the Captains Regent, as States, presented his credentials to Whereas since then, the Ethiopian-Amer- was said, the co-heads of their state, of President Bush at the White House. ican community has grown to become the their government, a proclamation Mr. Speaker, today we honor this ex- second largest African immigrant group in passed by the San Marino City Council change of ambassadors, and we honor the United States; expressing its greetings and apprecia- the close relationship between our Na- Whereas in 1908, European colonial powers tion for the friendship that they share. tion and the world’s oldest republic and recognized Ethiopia’s borders and sov- San Marino, California, was named at ereignty; the fundamental values that bind us. Whereas in 1923, Ethiopia officially banned its founding for the republic on the And, again, I thank my colleagues for the slave trade; Adriatic Sea and displays in its seal their support of this resolution. Whereas in 1923, Ethiopia joined the Mount Titano, where the republic was Mr. BOOZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I urge League of Nations; first established. Today, like its name- adoption of Congressman DREIER’s res- Whereas Ethiopia is the only country in sake, San Marino, California, is known olution. Africa that was never colonized, with the ex- for its beauty. It is home to the Hun- Mr. Speaker, I have no further re- ception of the 6 years of occupation by the tington Library and Gardens, one of quests for time, and I yield back the Fascist government of Italy; Southern California’s great treasures. balance of my time. Whereas Ethiopia played an important role in the struggle for freedom for many African But the relationship with the Republic Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, and I yield countries during the colonial period; of San Marino reaches far beyond beau- Whereas in 1930, Ras Tafari Makonnen was ty. It’s my hope that this resolution back the balance of my time. crowned as Emperor of Ethi- will help to make us all more aware of The SPEAKER pro tempore. The opia; the great bond the United States question is on the motion offered by Whereas Emperor Haile Selassie modern- shares with this small, but very impor- the gentleman from New York (Mr. ized Ethiopia, kept the country united, and tant, country. ENGEL) that the House suspend the largely peaceful; The Republic of San Marino, as was rules and agree to the concurrent reso- Whereas in 1974, Emperor Haile Selassie was ousted from power through a military said, was founded over 17 centuries ago lution, H. Con. Res. 236, as amended. The question was taken. coup by the junta and Lt. Col. Mengistu by those who were fleeing the religious Haile Mariam was installed as ; persecution of the Roman Empire. The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the opinion of the Chair, two-thirds being Whereas in May 1991, the brutal Mengistu They founded a community based on dictatorship came to an end after a 17-year in the affirmative, the ayes have it. liberty and tolerance 1,300 years before reign of terror; Mr. BOOZMAN. Mr. Speaker, on that the Pilgrims would land on Plymouth Whereas Ethiopia was a founding member I demand the yeas and nays. of the United Nations and one of the original Rock on a similar endeavor. Since The yeas and nays were ordered. those early days of the republic, San drafters of the Security Council Charter; The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Whereas Ethiopia played a pivotal role in Marino has continued its strong tradi- ant to clause 8 of rule XX and the creating the Organization of Africa Unity tion of democracy and freedom. Chair’s prior announcement, further (OAU), which was founded on May 25, 1963; Our close bond, based on a shared proceedings on this motion will be Whereas Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, became commitment to these principles, was postponed. the headquarters of the OAU and remains first, as my friend from New York said, the headquarters of its successor, the Afri- recorded in history through an ex- f can Union; and change of letters between President CONGRATULATING THE PEOPLE Whereas the 8th African Union Summit, Lincoln and the Captains Regent. OF ETHIOPIA ON ETHIOPIA’S held from January 29–30, 2007, officially de- President Lincoln expressed in that SECOND MILLENNIUM clared the second Ethiopian millennium as the second African millennium: Now, there- letter his deep respect for the Republic Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I move to fore, be it of San Marino, saying, ‘‘as one of the suspend the rules and agree to the reso- Resolved, That the House of Representa- most honored in all of world history.’’ lution (H. Res. 550) congratulating the tives— Mr. Speaker, he took encouragement people of Ethiopia on the second mil- (1) congratulates the people of Ethiopia on from its example that any ‘‘govern- lennium of Ethiopia, and for other pur- the second millennium of Ethiopia; ment founded on republican principles poses, as amended. (2) recognizes the long, rich history of is capable of being so administered as The Clerk read the title of the resolu- Ethiopia; to be secure and enduring.’’ Those are tion. (3) commends Ethiopia’s contribution to the words of President Lincoln. Now, The text of the resolution is as fol- peace and stability on the African continent as our Nation faced a great crisis, Lin- through the role it played in the creation of lows: the Organization of African Unity (OAU); coln looked to the example of San H. RES. 550 (4) recognizes the longstanding relation- Marino, which had endured for so long Whereas Ethiopia is a proud country with ship between Ethiopia and the United States; while standing with its small ‘‘r’’ re- a long, rich history; (5) commends the organizers of the second publican foundation. Whereas the earliest known hominid, millennium celebration in Ethiopia and the As the United States has faced new internationally known as Lucy and classified United States; and crises in the 20th and 21st centuries, it as the Australopithecus Afarensis, was found (6) commends the peaceful and jubilant has again relied upon San Marino for in Ethiopia; celebration of the second millennium of its steadfast support within inter- Whereas in the 9th century, dis- Ethiopia. national institutions such as the covered coffee beans in what is now known The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- as the Kaffa region; United Nations. San Marino has been a Whereas Lalibela, a group of 11 medieval ant to the rule, the gentleman from close collaborator on a number of crit- monolithic rock-hewn churches, was con- New York (Mr. ENGEL) and the gen- ical issues like combating inter- structed in the 13th-century during the tleman from Arkansas (Mr. BOOZMAN) national terrorist financing. This year ; each will control 20 minutes.

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