Archeological Impact Evaluations and Surveys in the Texas Department of Transportation's Corpus Christi, Laredo, Pharr, and San Antonio Districts 2003-2005
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Volume 2005 Article 26 12-2005 Archeological Impact Evaluations and Surveys in the Texas Department of Transportation's Corpus Christi, Laredo, Pharr, and San Antonio Districts 2003-2005 Timothy B. Griffith Prewitt and Associates, Inc. Ross C. Fields Prewitt and Associates, Inc. E. Frances Gadus Prewitt and Associates, Inc. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Karl P War.t Kiblerof the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Cross Timbers Geoarcheological Services, [email protected] Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Griffith, Timothy B.; Fields, Ross C.; Gadus, E.r F ances; and Kibler, Karl W. (2005) "Archeological Impact Evaluations and Surveys in the Texas Department of Transportation's Corpus Christi, Laredo, Pharr, and San Antonio Districts 2003-2005," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2005, Article 26. https://doi.org/10.21112/ita.2005.1.26 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2005/iss1/26 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Archeological Impact Evaluations and Surveys in the Texas Department of Transportation's Corpus Christi, Laredo, Pharr, and San Antonio Districts 2003-2005 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2005/iss1/26 ARCHEOLOGICAL IMPACT EVALUATIONS AND SURVEYS IN THE TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION’S CORPUS CHRISTI, LAREDO, PHARR, AND SAN ANTONIO DISTRICTS, 2003–2005 by Timothy B. Griffith Ross C. Fields E. Frances Gadus and Karl W. Kibler with contributions by Jennifer K. McWilliams Stephen M. Thompson Tim Gibbs and Cory J. Broehm Principal Investigator: Ross C. Fields REPORTS OF INVESTIGATIONS, NUMBER 144 Prewitt and Associates, Inc. Cultural Resources Services Austin, Texas ARCHEOLOGICAL STUDIES PROGRAM, REPORT NO. 85 Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division December 2005 TEXAS ANTIQUITIES PERMIT NO. 3096 ARCHEOLOGICAL IMPACT EVALUATIONS AND SURVEYS IN THE TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION’S CORPUS CHRISTI, LAREDO, PHARR, AND SAN ANTONIO DISTRICTS, 2003–2005 by Timothy B. Griffith Ross C. Fields E. Frances Gadus and Karl W. Kibler with contributions by Jennifer K. McWilliams Stephen M. Thompson Tim Gibbs and Cory J. Broehm Principal Investigator: Karl W. Kibler REPORTS OF INVESTIGATIONS, NUMBER 144 Prewitt and Associates, Inc. Cultural Resources Services Austin, Texas ARCHEOLOGICAL STUDIES PROGRAM, REPORT NO. 85 Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division December 2005 TEXAS ANTIQUITIES PERMIT NO. 3096 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................................. vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1 Project Summary ................................................................................................................ 1 Environmental Setting ........................................................................................................ 2 Geology ................................................................................................................... 2 Natural Regions and Vegetation ............................................................................ 2 Major Drainages ..................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER 2: SYNOPSIS OF NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURE HISTORY ................................... 9 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 9 South Texas ......................................................................................................................... 9 Paleoindian Period ................................................................................................. 9 Archaic Period ........................................................................................................ 10 Late Prehistoric Period .......................................................................................... 11 Historic Period........................................................................................................ 11 Coastal Bend and Central Coastal Plain ............................................................................. 12 Paleoindian Period ................................................................................................. 13 Archaic Period ........................................................................................................ 13 Late Prehistoric Period .......................................................................................... 15 Historic Period........................................................................................................ 16 Lower Pecos ........................................................................................................................ 16 Paleoindian Period ................................................................................................. 17 Archaic Period ........................................................................................................ 17 Late Prehistoric Period .......................................................................................... 18 Historic Period........................................................................................................ 18 Southeast Margin of Central Texas .................................................................................... 18 Paleoindian Period ................................................................................................. 18 Archaic Period ........................................................................................................ 19 Late Prehistoric Period .......................................................................................... 21 Historic Period........................................................................................................ 22 CHAPTER 3: SUMMARY OF IMPACT EVALUATIONS AND SURVEYS ..................................... 23 Methods ............................................................................................................................... 23 Synopsis of Work Authorizations ........................................................................................ 25 Impacts and Site Potential .................................................................................................. 40 Sites Investigated ................................................................................................................ 53 Work Authorization 4: 41DM150 ............................................................................ 53 Work Authorization 4: 41ZV344 ............................................................................. 53 iii Work Authorization 7: 41NU254 ............................................................................ 54 Work Authorization 9: 41VV1963 ........................................................................... 54 Work Authorization 9: 41VV1961 ........................................................................... 55 Work Authorization 14: 41WB17 and 41WB18 ...................................................... 56 Work Authorization 14: 41WB214, 41WB456, and 41WB457 ................................ 57 Work Authorizations 14 and 30: 41WB619 and 41WB620 ..................................... 57 Work Authorizations 15 and 27: 41LS98 ................................................................ 58 Work Authorization 16: 41KY13, 41KY28, 41KY51 ............................................... 58 Work Authorization 16: 41MV57 and 41 MV58 ...................................................... 59 Work Authorization 20: 41SP99 ............................................................................. 59 Work Authorization 21: 41LK11 ............................................................................ 60 Work Authorizations 23 and 26: 41DM3 and 41DM49 ........................................... 61 Work Authorization 23: 41DM4.............................................................................. 62 Work Authorization 26: 41DM151 .......................................................................... 62 Work Authorization 33: 41UV444 .......................................................................... 62 Work Authorization 35: 41AS27 ............................................................................. 63 Patterns in Site Distributions