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1 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Plan The Eastern Province Physical Plan The Plan - Vol I 1.4 Planning Team 1 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION The team of consultants engaged in the preparation of the physical 1.1 Background of the Plan plan is listed below. The team was assisted by the progress monitoring committee set up by the National Physical Planning The Physical Plan for the Eastern Province has been prepared by the Department with valuable comments and recommendations. National Physical Planning Department (NPPD) in terms of the provisions of the Town and Country Planning Ordinance No.13 of 1946 as amended by Act No.49 of 2000. The preparation of a physical structure plan for the Eastern Province Name Position was awarded to the Environment and Management Lanka (Private) Limited (EML) by the National Physical Planning Department Urban / Regional Planner (Team (NPPD). EML Consultants engaged an experienced team of P K S Mahanama Leader) consultants including several specialists from the Province with in depth understanding of the local situation. The Planning Team Prof S Mookaiah Urban / Regional Planner worked closely with officials of the NPPD, the Ministry and other officers of government departments, corporations, the Provincial Council, local authorities and other stakeholders from the province. Mr Madhura Prematilake Urban Designer/Architect The team visited the province a number of times and had discussions Dr. Saman Bandara Transport Planner / Engineer with the respective District Secretaries and relevant officials and the other major non-governmental organizations to obtain their views Urban Infra. Consultant / Water and suggestions. A participatory approach was adopted by EML in Mr Conard H Tissera Supply & Drainage Eng. developing the plan. Involvement of stakeholders from the beginning itself ensured local participation and acceptance and enabled the incorporation of the views of professionals and regional experiences Urban Infra. Consultant / Power & in the process. M Subramaniam Energy and Telecommunication 1.2 Approach and Methodology Urban Infra. Consultant / Solid Waste Eng A Subakaran Management/Project Manger An integrated approach was used to develop planning and implementation strategies for the physical plan because of the Mr M G M Razzak Social Infrastructure Specialist multidisciplinary nature of this exercise. The primary objective was to develop a plan that would utilize the physical and natural Dr Mrs S De Silva Health Infrastructure Specialist resources of the region in a sustainable manner to obtain the optimum benefits for the population of the region. Thus the focus was on optimal development of the physical infrastructure of the Dr T Jayasingam Environmentalist region to support rapid socio economic growth while ensuring the conservation of the natural environment. Both rural as well as urban MR Ahamed Nazir development and conservation aspects were considered in the Ahamed Agriculturist planning exercise. Dr P Vinobaba Aquaculture Specialist 1.3 The Planning Process Dr Ms J Sinniah Animal Husbandary Specialist Each component of the planning process, which was based on an ”integrated approach”, was considered to be of equal importance, as all these components are inter-dependent. The final plan was Eng K Vadivel Irrigation Engineer formulated after taking into consideration the following factors: Mr K Thambiah Economist Objectives of the assignment: understanding the scope and tasks of the assignment as per TOR; Dr S M F Marikkar Economist Stakeholder views: professional knowledge, data available and specific objectives; Mr K A K Jayatilake Institutional Development Specialist Time schedule for completion of the implementation of the proposed Mr J Dias Port Planner activities. The Planning Process followed by the Team is illustrated in Figure Prof S Seneviratne Archeologist 1.The plan preparation process was divided into the following four phases. Asoka Alwis GIS Specialist Phase 1: Literature review and \database preparation; Dr Manitha Weerasuriya Technical Support – Agriculture Phase 2: Preparation of the current Land Use Plan, and other spatial data layers; Technical Support – Institutional Ms Wietske Medema Development Phase 3: Field visits to verify data and study the socio economic, cultural and environmental aspects related to development; Ms Indhu Weerasuri Technical Support – Tourism Phase 4: Preparation of the Physical Structure Plan for the Eastern Province. Phase 5: Preparation of the Sectoral Development Plans for the Eastern Province National Physical Planning Department 1 Eastern Province Physical Plan The Plan - Vol I Figure 1-1: Planning Process Plans Data Collection Field visits/ stakeholder discussions Institutions Sectoral Analysis SWOT Analysis Development Areas Environmentally Sensitive Areas and Protected areas Formulation of Regional Planning Concept North Eastern Provincial Council National Physical Formulation of integrated physical Planning Policies planning strategies Ministry of Eastern Prepared by Development & NPPD Muslim Religious Affairs Political Evaluation of Strategies Stakeholders Representatives Participation Regional Physical Plan for Eastern Province National Physical Planning Department 2 Eastern Province Physical Plan The Plan - Vol I 2 CHAPTER 2 : DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL PLAN FOR THE EASTERN PROVINCE Table 2-1 GDP Share by Province in 2000 Province GDP share % 2.1 Introduction Western Province 49.4 The Eastern Province covers an area of about 10,000 square North Western Province 10.4 kilometers, which is about 15% of the total land area of the country. Central Province 9.9 The province comprises of three districts, the largest is Ampara Southern Province 9.3 district with an area of about 4400 sq. km. The other two districts are Sabargamuwa Province 6.7 more or less equal in area with Batticaloa district having a slightly Eastern Province 4.5 larger area of about 2850 sq.km., while Trincomalee has an area of Uva Province 4.0 2700 sq.km. The topography of the province is relatively flat in the North Central Province 3.8 coastal areas and undulating in the western part of the Province. The Northern Province 2.1 landscape of the Province is varied, with paddy fields, forests, Total 100 scrublands, wetlands and lagoons being predominant. Source: Department of National Planning The population of the province is about 1.5 million, which is about 6.7% of the total population of Sri Lanka. About a third of the (A) Sound regional economy population of the Province live in a relatively smaller area, classified as urban by UDA. The Eastern Province has the potential to achieve high growth, as the province is endowed with sufficient natural resources and The Eastern Province is relatively less developed in comparison with opportunities for economic advancement. For example, the most of the other provinces in the country. Development in the Trincomalee Port, which is a large natural harbor, is a resource with province has suffered as a result of the ethnic conflict that has very high potential for development. This port could be transformed continued over the last twenty-year period. The region is endowed into a major commercial hub for the South Asian region. Tourism is with natural resources such as forests, wetlands, lagoons, bays and another area with great potential in the province. The province boasts beaches. The large number of ancient water bodies that are found large stretches of beautiful beaches and calm seas, which can lure a scattered over entire landscape of the Eastern Province, suggests that large number of tourists to the region. As a bonus, there are plenty of this region had been developed extensively from historic times. This sites of cultural and historical importance and wild life and is further evident by the presence of a large number of ancient ecological conservation areas that can attract the eco and cultural structures of historical interest in the area. (See Map 2-1 ) tourists on a large scale, provided that the necessary infrastructure is in place. The rural hinterland with large stretches of high potential The regional economy is largely dependent on agriculture, with agricultural lands and low population densities can be developed for paddy as the main agricultural crop. Even during the pre-colonial high intensity and highly productive agricultural enterprises. The era, the province was a surplus rice producing area contributing productivity of existing irrigated agriculture can be increased through approximately a third of the country's paddy production, thus being improved water management, the provision of additional sources of known popularly as the “Granary of the Island”. Currently there are water and rehabilitation of existing tanks as well as construction of 124 major irrigation schemes (over 40 ha), including 43 settlement new ones. Income from livestock and fisheries activities can be schemes in the province, providing irrigation water for 134,726 raised substantially, through the development of additional hectares of land. Livestock farming is another traditional economic infrastructure and services. Such activities can supplement income pursuit in the province. from agriculture and other trade and commercial activities of the population. Land use can be intensified by mixed farming, while at The contribution of the Eastern province to the national GDP has the same time smoothing the income pattern of crop agriculture remained around 5% of the total over the last five-year period. A production. Currently the urban town centers and the coastal belt comparison
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