Mountain Bike Trail Development Concept Plan

Home , Drifting (motorsport), Gliding, Level Mountain, Skeleton (sport)

For: In consultation with Contact: Address: ABN: A division of Rocky Trail Entertainment Ltd.Pty Rocky Trail Destination Prepared by

Lithgow City Council

Ph [email protected] Mardi NSW 2259 20 Kensington Place 50

129 0403 090 952

217

670

Page2 3 Pre 2 Lithgow as a Mountain Bike Desti 1 Project Brief ofTable Contents 3.15 Risk reduction strategy IMBA Australia Trail Difficulty Rating System 3.14 Environmental Sustainability 3.13 Existing complementary activiti 3.12 Local Businesses and stakeholders 3.11 Town Services 3.10 Sightseers 3.9 Other Users and Potential Conflict 3.8 Local and regional MTB Clubs 3.7 Ot 3.6 Geotechnical and Historic Mining Activity 3.5 Fire Risk 3.4 Water Management 3.3 European Heritage 3.2 Aboriginal heritage 3.1 Land Managers 2.1 The Market 1.2 Project consultant 1.1 Project Management 3.10.2 3.10.1 School groups 3.9.2 Walker 3.9.1 Horse riders and the Lithgow Pony Club Project milestones 2020 Key pers What we do Who we are About Rocky Trail Destination - design design Stage her regional projects Cliff BasedCliff Recreation and Activities onnel and assets

......

...... s and Trail Runners

...... (local and tourists)

......

...... nation ......

......

...... es for ......

......

...... non ......

......

...... - ...... riders

......

35 30 26 25 24 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 19 19 18 18 16 15 15 14 14 12 12 11 11

8 7 7 7 7 6

Page3 5 Post Total New Trail Network Distance: 4.2 Coherent Loop Network 4 D 5.3 Work Health and Safety Plan (sample) 5.2 Communications Plan 5.1 Signage Plan 4.10 General Construction Notes 4.9 Ground Truthing 4.8 Site Specific Mitigation 4.7 Wet Are 4.6 4.5 Proposed Network: Trail Difficulty Rating Split 4.4 Descent trails 4.3 Clim 4.1 Trailheads 3.19 Existing unsanctioned trails 3.18 Existing S 3.17 Legal Risk Assessment 3.16 Emergency Evacuation Plan esign esign Stage 4.10.5 Con 4.10.4 Weather conditions and fire restrictions 4.10.3 Estimated productivity based on the Construction Difficulty Rating (CDR) 4.10.2 Estimated average productivity 4.10.1 Equipment access points 4.4.4 Beginner Loop 4.4.3 Black Descent (Pony Express) 4.4.2 Blue Decent 4.4.1 Green Descent TDRS: 4.3.1 Green Trail Climb (shared) 5.3.4 Risk management 5.3.3 General WHS information 5.3.2 andRoles responsibilities 5.3.1 Proj Special Special Features - Design Stage bing Trails

ect information a Management ...... struction safety plan

...... IMBA anctioned Trails

......

Green ......

......

...... 9,598 metres ......

......

67 67 67 67 67 66 65 65 64 63 62 61 61 61 60 59 57 55 54 54 52 49 47 45 45 43 43 43 41 39 39 38 37 37 36

Page4 11 10 9 8 Outlook and Next Developmental Stage 7 Project Construc 6 Estimated Trail Construction Timeline

Trail signage examples Stromlo Forest Park, ACT 8.1 Project potential: Phase 2 and beyond 7.8 Trail Building and Launch Project Management Cost 7.6 Trail Network Estimated Ongoin 7.5 Other Network Development C 7.4 Proposed Hassans Walls Trail Network construction cost estimate 7.3 C 7.2 Construction Difficulty and Cost Matrix Guideline 7.1 Trail Construction Cost 5.11 Trail Counters 5.10 Trail Maintenan 5.9 Asset Management 5.8 Media Management 5.7 Shuttle service 5.6 Bike Hire 5.5 Supporting Inf 5.4 Parking

References Our approach Tourism and trail destination trends 5.10.2 Maintenance costs 5.10.1 Seasonal Maintenance Recomm 5. 5.8.2 Print Media 5.8.1 Digital Media 5.3.8 Site safety procedures 5.3.7 Consultation and communication 5.3.6 Induction and training 5.3.5 Emergency and incident respons 8.3 Special Events Attachments Abbreviations onstruction Cost Variances

......

...... tion Cost

...... rastructure

......

...... ce

......

...... ost ...... g Cost (est. p.a.) ......

......

e ...... endations: ......

......

86 86 85 84 82 82 82 82 81 81 81 80 79 78 77 77 76 75 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 71 70 70 69 68 67 67 67 67

Page5 Pro community to reap the The underlying driver for the Mountain Biking Trails Strategy to is enable the Lithgow 1 Project Brief Project

3. 2. 1.

inhibit usage by mainstream (beginner to expec The Pony Express track will be one of the that are genera Stimulate widespread usage of trails outside of those difficult and couples and groups of friends which are geared to a wide range of riders Walls Reserve that are suited to broader scale requirements, and costs, to develop To produce a Mountain Biking Trails Strategy that details the infrastructure tation tation that modifications will be made to the more extreme parts of lly only lly accessible to more advanced riders. benefits of the booming popularity of mountain biking.

rid ing ing together. thre e intermediate)

three purpose –

from elite to amateur racers to families,

mountain

trails trails to be developed, with the - built mountain biking

riders.

biking

Super technical downhill trails f low

trails at Hassans the that trail

ype events,

Page6 as proposed inthis Council Section 8 outlin event installation, launch pro component, which would se Section 7is overviewan of have successfully worked on similar projects. MTB community, trailbuilders, local council as well as ou achieve the best possible outc stakeholdersall and connect them as the missing in link the cycle tourism industry. We see ourselves as advocates to develop and foster cycle destinations. We collaboratewill alone. social physics methodology to provide trail development, management and de pres With over 12 years’ experience working primarily with regi recreational cycling, mountain biking or following historic bicycle holidays accessible for peopl enthusiasts and experienced event managers who are dedicated to making trail Rocky Trail Destination is created by a team of passionate entrepreneurs and travellers, the nat Our objective is to help delivers whole development or evoluti organisations and k Our mission to is enable local, regional, state and federal authorities as well as tourism processes of and master plans to support destinations throughout the impleme tourism, economic development and encourage active recr tourism consultant We propose ence, assets and awareness the Rocky Trail Destination team bring a diverse approach to

and u 1.1 re based tourism oppo to help design and advertising cess for Council. We can assist with com marketing, Project Manage Rocky Trail Destination

those plans. - What we do we What weare Who About Rock of es howes - community benefits into the future.

we are ey players in the outdoor industry and to see andtrail tourism destination “ Hassans Walls Mountain Bi

c on project through from start to f promotional ampaign burst. councils, clubs, tourism organisations and state governments embrace Rocky Trail Destination

designed to support destination and government agencies grow e Rocky Trail Destin y Trail Destinationy

implement strategy a to maximise the use of the trail bu ome for this project by utilising all our connections to the local rtunity atall stages of the desti ment and public relations

as the continued driver of this project ilding costs e of all abilities with all kinds of activitiestrail as well as

a more integrated solution than the vi stination promotion experience together with underlying

ke Trail Development ation manage

and we includedalso a pro

envis munity eng

inish ages initiatives and r contacts within other destinations who

rail rail trails on two wheels in mind. onal and rural locations to build eation. We develop business models –

nation maturity curve. work

the builtrail developing a right agement, ntation and execution ing ”

can

pr with Li signage design and oject document. . As ding and network guaran sitor economy ject delivery serv

thgow City a nature based - based and - trail network tee a launch fit strategy that

We want to bicycle

with ice

Page7

management and destination development in Australia. become a very active opinion leader for cycling event and trail thorough financial management background with his passion for cycling. He a is very strong project manage As a Director of Rocky Trail Destination Martin Wisata combines his tourism and leisure Sanya/China. Leisure Manag a holds lecturer position, teaching Entrepreneurship to Bachelor students in the Tourism and business management. As the university’s Alumni Ambassador for the Asia and Leisure Management with f Martin has a degree from the Austrian IMC University of Applied Sciences in Krems inTourism WisataMartin | Operations Consultant new residents to bui of active and eco network to develop exciting concepts for clients to not only increase visitation with a wide variety sustainable tourism develo As a Director of Rocky Trail Destination, Juliane is passionate about regional destination and major local and state event funding streams. c branding campaigns. She runs a communications consulting business for key c Juliane has a strong skill set in the development and execution of strategic marketing and Krems Bachelor students in the Tourism and Leisur alumni, since 2012 she has been teaching the course Entrepreneurship at the university to Oriented Man Juliane has a degree from the Austrian IMC University of Juliane Wisata | Marketing Strategy& Consultant embrace and sustain visitation from a wide variety of active and eco As a Director of Rocky Trail Destin like no other. funds are secured and spent in the most sustainable way. programs for Multibillion d Joe been engaged across Australia to design and implement local benefit a Joe combines his passion for the Bike Economy with his experience in Regional Development. Joe Mullan | ycling ycling events industry, support /Austria, Baku/Azerbaijan and Sanya/China. Deve

agement with focus on international law, logistics and marketing. As a proud Key personne Key ement Study Course at camp lopment Consultant - tourism seekers, alsobut to support reg and operational skills. His pas ld strongerld and thriving communities. ollar megaprojects through to 100k sporting club projects ensuring pment in Australia and keen to

l and assetsl and ocus on the economics of a ing ing them with PR services as well as securing and managing ations, Joe hel -

NBT NBT and Socio

uses in Krems/Austria, Baku/Aze e Management St

sion is destination management and has ps destinations across Australi -

Economic

Applied Scienc

ions to nurture existing a activate her global business and social Joe understands the funding process ll tourismll sectors, marketing a

udy Course at campuses in - based based activities, land - tourism seekers. es Krems inExport - nd social divid Pacific Region he rbaijan andrbaijan lients lients in the a to understand, nd attract

nd end r with -

Page8 vis as they will attract a broad range of mountain bikers notto just events downhill market is in decline about 10 years Rocky Trail has held Downhill races at the Pony Express endorsed by the local MTB club for Rocky EventsTrail in Lithgow program also engages and educates teachers and parents. learning and independence, recreation bringsbut a heightened appreciation of nature, the environment, self The Rocky Trail Rock Martin Wisata. Rocky Trail summons cyclists to attend national and international stage races, mana Rocky RacingTrail Team including the Crocodile Trophy, Alpentour Trophy and Mongolia MTB Challenge stage races. have experience Australia PR and media projects for key clients in the cycling industry Rocky CommunicationsTrail across the East Coast of Australia. and an estimated 2,000 spect stage race (8%), Superflow (45%). In 2020 we forecast to attract more than 4,500 of 2020 in also QL The managesbusiness over 30 mountain bike races Rocky EventsTrail Industry. network of suppliers, contractors, opinion leaders and venue managers in the Australian Cycling Rocky T NSW, the ACT and in Queensland. become the fastest expanding amateur and all coined the term “Superflow” for their types ofenduro events. cross We provide a p Australia and be the leading mountain bike outdoor adventure specialist Our business vision to is entertain, engage and excite cyclists and mountain bikers around across NSW, the ACT, QLD and VIC. mountain bike events promoter in A private cycling events company in Australia and with over 30 races planned for 2020 the only Juliane and Martin Wisata Sister company: Ro itation. y AcademyTrail - country, marathon, multi rail Entertainment attract

owerful promotional platform to until 2016/2017. It has b

academy schools events not only engage youth in healthy andsocial active cky cky Trail Entertainment Pt D in three major event categories

- growing gravity format in Australia. Superflow races are now held across

founded founded Rocky Trail Entertainment Pty Ltd in 2008. nowIt is the major w abilities and age ide ide and have beenalso wor all as partall ofriding a bi – ators and other event part

- this this whyis we propose the Superflow day and enduro events s a wide range of cyclists and

ustralia who runs events a

een difficult for the club to m y Ltd - inclusive format, the Superflow race concept has

sponsors and a huge variety of events covering ke in the outdoors. By extensio - annually across NSW and th

Cross – icipants annually into over 20 king king on client projects oversea

in in fact, Rocky Trail Entertainment

- country (47%), Marathon, multi –

With With its focus on the qui cross the entire annual calenda athletes and cycling initiatives. We have established a broad - aintain the as trails the style of trails in this project , but for also ongoing of choice. - reliance , self e ACT and as - 5,000 riders n, this

ged by regions ckly s, - - day day

r -

Page9

future prom bikers, family and friends unique endurance challenge, cl more becoming a social affair: Entering its second decade the 11th edition proved that the 24 economy event visi mountain bike event centre and tent village over the weekend with 435 racers and overnight The Jetblack 24 Hour once again transformed the Rydal Showgrounds in Lithgow into a vivid kilometers over the w the 6+6 Hour event, clocking in almost 2,900 laps an overall NSW and the ACT raced in teams of up to 6 in the 24 Hour competition and up to 4 in Ryd The 2019 of theedition JetBlack 24 Hour with its JetBlack 6+6 Hour o uniquely comfortable set up ofthe event village, which we have been able to achieve in Rydal. become a hugely popular ev Forest in Rydal since 2017. Attracting Australia’s top endurance and marathon racers, hasit Rocky Trail’s ultra Jetblack 24 Hour End assification al Showgrounds near Lithgow on tors plus an est. 50 local .

otion and growth event. ofthis

–

and whilst every - endurance event, the Jetblack 24 Hour has homehad its in Lidsdale State urance Event eekend. -

ent with the casual mountain bi and thisand aspect is

it’s all all it’s about that fun weekend away with fellow mountain more than third a racers of all compe

one from solo to team participant races hard and gives into this

spectators 23+24 March 2019. More than , injecting, more tha

what wewhat will put stronga d d recording more than 27,5 ke riders and racers thanks to the - hour racing concept more is and n $250,000 into local the 300 competitors race ffspring took place at ted in the teams of six emphasis on for the 00 racing

from -

Page10 including the construction In the following we pre Parks a around trails using techniques to optimise safety for riders and minimise risk to land standa Next Level MTB quality trails suitable for skillall levels. design Next Level The project consultant October September August June - rd hand July

and an extensive background of MTB coaching 1. n business owner Marcelo C

d d Wildlife safety standards and environmental protection standards.

Mountain Bike Project consultant

- Project milestones built and machine brings Submission of outcome report to Lithgow City Council Collaborative potential for new trail development. Hassans Walls and in the Lithgow region to A core team of MTB team definition of deliverables between Desktop research • • sent the project outcomes

and

15 years ofexperience in trail building to Trail Dest Project Manager & Operations: as well as project management processes. . mountain bike constrail

This trail building busines s

. ination) consultant

de -

built trail consultantstrail conducted ardona highlyis experienced in sign of project outcome report

and 2020

trails. virtual : James Hall

This company cooperative outli truction expert as p Rocky Tr

ning s has a strong ( , which

Contractor Next Level MTB)

Martin Wisata (Director, Rocky

t rail const construct

project planning process

a three ail Destail enables audit the

workin

existing and assess the

ruction co expertise s construction of IMBA -

ination day day on

sustainable, long the team art ofthis submission is

g to local Council and -

- and Next Le owners. site visit at

in in s

tings to design to design top industrial

in in detail The team

and - lasting

vel Tr - ail ail

Page11 trail. design fire trails is n to bothriders and walkers. Modern mountain bikers demand purpose trail into the Hassans Wall t riders of all skil safest possible manner. Hassans Wall The objective of the project region for hundreds of kilometres. Blue Mountains. The expansive views on offer fr opportunity to get the ball rolling potential to offer when compared to other countries around the world. The Blue Mountai opportunities. Currently, mountain biking The Blue Mountains environment and terrain present exceptional mountain bike development visitors Reserve locatedis immediately south of the Lithgow CBD. connected to th Lithgow 140kmis west of the Sydney CBD, and the ‘Gateway to the 2 Lithgow

includes not only three descending trails of varying difficulties, but analso easy climb Destination. 2019 comfortable and reliable tran Australia (Pröbstl the mo to self Walls R One quality riding populous centre in Australia especially those seeking an extended gravity format. Lithgow’s proximity There currentlyis a 2.1 from the railway station

The MarketThe big advanta o longer acceptable. highlyIt is recommended that the Hassans Wall trail netwo

- Reserve that shuttle, or for st popularst format of mountain biking and Hassans Wall R opportunities to the providing environmentally sustainable nature managed t “ oad to the summit and proposed trailhead. This creates the opportunity for riders l l levels to reach the tr summit - e Sy Hassans Wall Reserve is a regionally important bushland open space area Haider et al.2018) . I a

n areas with good vertical elevation and gravity trai as aBikeDestination Mountain

truly w dney electric rail system, with

dest ge An essential part ofany trail network anis easy climb trail that enables ”) inations. orld orld o protect its significant natural, heritage and scenic values while also

. rail network would provide access to the spectacular summit lookout of caters to riders of all skill levels and facilita d

Derby, Tasmania, for example has at least three commercial shuttle is to is develop local earth

the Hassans Walls Reserve is class eserve Plan of Management, 2017

to the northern .

entrepreneurs The Hassans Walls Reserve h is

. of riding opportunities a local and regional community.”

riding destination and t Shuttle business puts sp ort back to the top of the hill

it in infrastructure a modern ail head. Incorporation of an easy dual use climb

a strong end ofHassans Wall Reserve.

om the various lookout to startshuttle business ab ,

sustainable, es out 15 train services per day. position to

have proven is in in is its infancy across much o are

vailable to mountain bikers in Sydney, he Hassans Walls presents an A short ride of about

also thealso most easy to monetise the - based or natural

publicly

. high quality capitalise on the

ome to the highest point in the

(“Om successful throughout Centr ls, ridersls, will happily pay fo - tes skill progression in the built single s

ns accessible

es. rival anything in the eo Mountain Bike al al West’ region G - tr ravity descents are

setting r ail network in

3km will the most

has the

track; use of . It is demand Hassans Wall Hassans f Australiaf ecreation take

for the rk

Page12

popular mountain b to Lithgow, the trail network needwill to rival or surpass the quality foun Lithgow Building https://adventure.com/mtb Economic benefits ofmountain bik seen usage volumes population centres, The Mersey Wild project in Tasmania volumes of Forrest in Victoria approximately Smithfield bike project year a build such a large network of trails million $23 There are currently about 90 km of trails in the generates that 173 https://www.mtba.org.au/wp just of hotspot town MTB ghost “A Derby, inTasmania will managers ( (Pröbstl transport community and city of Lithgow. The economic ofimpact a the revenue through operators. A

superflow, endur upkeep of Hassans Wall andRoad add value to -

to reap the Haider et al.2018) trails of reliably , Mountain Bike Park

workers, friends between 22,000 s n opportunity

can attra

25km of trail ‘Quality the

commer increase o , a

, is an example of how moun and downhill) ike destinations around the

benefit region’s economy 1.5 similar ct similar visitor numbers to 16km -

hour over Quantity’ cial cial s would be created - high

s .

mountain

people just three years ago, Derby is now a renowned renowned a now is Derby ago, years three just people

after the opening of a and and famil -

– A trail t of con o that ofBlue Derby

shuttle licensing section of stacked loops in the Warrawee Reserve drive from Melbourne has 65km of 25,000 p in in Queensland - mountain bike tourism

quality Lo sees tent/uploads/CCJ17427

wi cal e ing are further detailed in network to gain significant ll -

ies biking draw hundreds of participant 33,600 users is a is great example.

. the er annum mountain bike trail network

xpenditure on accommodatio

is recommendedis as . Both non mountain bike trai - design that NSW and further afield in saving for the Lithgow City Council to g . is

This r Blue Derby tain biking can kick only 16 km from

, .

” high

- with 25,0 - l comp

arge per annum. tiny

e economic benefit . venue - To - quality enables towns/ - - scale projects. etitive Blue

Due to incentivise travel from Sydney

network. notIt is neces 00

a successful l l network

could could then be used -

mountain bike networktrail Derb

30,000 users

and comp competitive events

i Cairns trail and sees usage ts s will will benefit

- y , along with event proximity to start an econ - n, food and Case Australia. . . S

. It d d at current strategy etitive mall

- has Study.pdf annually. enerate

mountain the local

events

ha towards omy.

for sary to s

Page13 Map 1. Map 3 Pre

Plan 2014 Reserve zonedis as Environmental Management under the responsible for the Reserve’ Land and Crown Land managed by Lithgow Hassans Wall Reserve 3.1 - design design Stage Land Managers .

is is a 780

s care, control and management. The great majority ofthe - hectare area

City Council split intosplit

17 parcels of both Community

(fig.1) Lithgow Local Environment . Lithgow City Council

Page14 and Heffernans Pass ma to eventually be increased, some of the remaining intact sections ofBrowns G effect on any The construction of mountain bi explosives as partof an Unemployment Relief programme, chiefly using manpower and some Hassans Walls Lookout was built in 1910 Service Mountains Walking Track Heritage Study by the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Three walking tracks constructed arou 3.3 ground disturbing works can Formal permissions form the be made with advice from traditional owners. willsites not be disturbed during construction, necessary amen proposed trail alignments within the Hassans Wal Wiradjuri traditional owners T [email protected] Heritage excavaall distance away. If any evidence of Aboriginal heritage encounteredis Known site All Abor 3 he Hassans Wall Plan of Managem .2 European Heritage Aboriginal heritage as having heritage significance. substantially altered, and none of the three walkingoriginal tracks are regarded 1915 “ disclosed. Wir middens and rock art are present in the Hassans not include any “ settlement.” Wiradjuri Aboriginal People who would have occupied the are “ . iginal heritage is protected under the The Aboriginal Heritage The Reserve closelies to the boundary of the traditional lands ofthe Darug Although some

One track leading fro (OEH) tion and ground . The HWPoM states adjuri traditional owners desire that the location of such sites notis s of cultural significance will - 16 Heffernans Pass, remain intact three of these tracks. Ifparking capacity at the Hassans Walls lookout were

will be con Wall ”

Reserve. Interpretive material at publically available information on sections of the Browns Gap Trac y be affected. - disturbing works will cease and tacted immediately

will needwill to be notified of this construction plan and commence. Wiradjuri traditional owners m Hassans Walls Road in Lithgow ). ).

ke trails along the proposed alignments will not have an

Information Management System ent (HWPoM) outlines that; nd the time of WWI are noted in the

”

be identified, and trails routed at an appropriate

. In 1930 the t

NSW ( (02) 9995 5000 other parts ofthese routes have been Hassa l Reserve. To ensure these undi Heritage Act 1977. ns Hassans rack was

Wall k, and the first section of the must be obtained before a Aboriginal sites or Places in the

Reserve however the Office of Environment and

or Wall dments to the design will

upgraded to a dirt road Township to the

(AHIMS) records do

Lookout notes that during construction, a prior to European

1998 Blue

ap Track publicly sclosed

ny and

Page15 inspection of the network can be conducted and any remedied.issues After high rainfall or flooding events, trails should be closed until a comprehensive rock armours or culverts under the trail. tread or digging a turnpike (diversion dr during the construction stage. These can be dealt with byeither rock armouring the trail judgement, isit still possible that unforseen ground truthing to reduce construction cost and The proposed trail alignments avoid wet areas identified during desktop surveys and Table trail higher atop of the Hassans Wall. This level of rainfall presents no particular problem for The annual rainfall for Lithgow is 3.4 construction or ongoing mainten Water ManagementWater 1 . . Lithgow weather Lithgow -

Climate - Date.Org

908mm. It can be expected that rainfall may be slightly

ance outside of usualscheduled maintenance. ain) above the to redirectrail

springs

environmental impact. Despite

can be found

on the trail contour t the water onto

best best

Page16

Page17 the proposed construction area to be around $10 for the entire Hassans Wall Reserve. NLMB estimate that a geotechnical assessment for be avoided. The HWPoM estimated the cost of surrounding the new trail alignments, identifying potentially unstable assessment be undertaken. The assessment should include areas immediate to and geological instability of the sandstone in the Best judgment was used when designing new trail alignments, h associated risk to visitors to the Reserve. determining the extent of the c recreational use o mine subsidence and rock formation cracking and potential impacts ofongoing alignments. Historic mining activity appears to have taken place away from t bike trail construction area. The HWPo There nois record of Geotechnical Assessment undertaken in the proposed mountain 3.6 repaired. insp After a fire has occurred in the area trails should remain closed until a comprehensive trail during these times. access. Te reserve on Hassans Wall Road should be c line with current procedures for reserve access in NSW. A boom gate at the entry to the During times ofhi 2015.” specific fire management plan that informs the Lithgow necessary as well as back burning during bushfire events. Currently there is no Reserve Zon Service, 2015). The whole of the Reserve managedis as bushfires under the Lithgow Bush Fire Management Risk Plan 2015 (NSW Rural Fire The HWPoM that found 3.5 e (SFAZ) which recognises ection of the network can be co Geotechnical and Historic Mining Activity Fire

Hassans there are innumerable cracks in the sandstone surface rock that are obvious at since the early 1970 Colliery Workings. beneath the surface) associated with both the Lithgow Valley and Hassans “ The Reserve underis

mporary trail closure signage should be installed at the entry and exit ofeach Risk I n 1998 Council approached the NSW Mine Subsidence Board regarding Wall

gh fire danger, isit recommended to close the mountain bike trails in f thef Reserve.

Lookout and the escarpment to the west. “The Hassans Wall Reserve has been identified as a high risk for

Mining beneath the Reserve appears to have not occurred ’s. There have been a number of lain by extensive mining a racks and the potential for ongoing rock falls and the that hazard reduction burning around specific assets is

The process appears to have been inconclusive in nducted by an appropriatel M states:

onstructed, allowing land manag area it recommendedis that a g a geotechnical assessment to be

, 000.

Bush Fire Risk Management Plan ctivity (from 120 to 180m

a Strategic Fire Advantage

escarpment rock falls and

” y body and any damage he proposed trail

owever given the

areas that need to ers to restrict eotechnical

$40000 Wall

Page18

read more succinctly, however the overarching remainmessages the sam for comment on the project and preliminary plans. The hasfollowing been modified to custodians and managers The Central 3.8 destination. onlywill compliment th upgrading e will impact on the development of mountain bike trails. Minor projects focused on Currently there liveability/lifestyle infrastructure and local recreational amenities. One of the REDS key strategic directions is the p one of Lithgow’s key endowments thatis the region has an abundance of natural and The 3.7 Lithgow Regional Economic Development Strat Local regionaland MTB Clubs re Other If the trails could be devised so they keep riders up in the bush land to bypass bypass to land bush the in up p riders rare keep some well. they their are so on stay There devised we be sure a could the make to trails the need If We I discouraged. in. R us highly rebuild), days. is allow Xpress additional greatly generously (Pony be and good trails would sensi distin lease a some existing the however has to are trail trails There This new of modification Wa reluctant. addition potential little of a Hassans was that rough hearing a have Upon character reserve area and the the off feel in bike championships. the trail trails DH official mountain Other for first Oceania the The as w potential well the reserve. which standal Walls known first track the long of has Hasssans one it club The making tyres. 1984 rubber in and had formed Australia CTMBC “The

xisting infrastructure in the reserve were recommended inthe HW rena area outside of MTB event days this would be preferable. be would this days event MTB of outside area rena Tablelands Mountain Bike Club side. Pony days are generally only once a month but they do have have do they but month a once only generally are days Pony side. are no other developments planned for the Hassans Wall Reserve that gional gional projects as built in the 90s and hosted several State and National races as as races National and State several hosted bikes and 90s since the in Walls built as Hassan on trails utilising been have riders local e development ofthe Hassans Walls as a mountain bike

iding through the main grounds grounds main the through iding of moun tivities around the area with the local pony club, they have have they club, pony local the with area the around tivities

lants and rare butterfly habita butterfly rare and lants tain bike trails i

place

and less kept feel which is in keeping with with keeping in is which feel kept less and (CTMBC) are the cu

lls has developed over the last the over developed has lls

- making. ct character I'd hate to lose. The The lose. to hate I'd character ct n the Reserve. The Club was con egy (REDS) supported.

while there is a horse event on on event horse a is there while t the trails needs to avoid as as avoid to needs trails the t for 2018 development in the the in development rrent informal

was the Gun Club Club Gun the was one MTB clubs in in clubs MTB one rioritisation of - 2022 e*;

40 years. years. 40 PoM and identi tacted fied

Page19 Facebook: Email: Website: Fly *Ori an opportunity to comment on the plans. CTMBC will be contacted. All members of the club will be invited to a meeting and given aligns closely with the values ofthe CTMB These comments were taken on board and the pr nn ginal transcript available on request pending permission from club member .

[email protected] The CTMBC is looking forward to seeing this project get up” get project this seeing to forward looking is CTMBC The www.ctmbc.netwww.ctmbc.net www.facebook.com/CentraltablelandsMTB/

C. Before the detailed design s eliminary design presented in this plan,

tage the Craig

Page20 project.the Offering adualusetrailexpandfunding aspartdesignmay of opportunities the for * traffic flow. Maintenance This will see an increase in dust and noise pollution adjacent to Hassans Wall Road. alsoshould be expected during peak operation. Low levels of congestion along the road and at the Hassans Wall lookout self Traffic up the Hassans Wall woRoad 2016. people underjust 70% vehicleof all Hassans Walls Lookout is the most popular 3.10 varying needs and priorities; The Hassans Wall Reserve used is for recreation by a number of different users with 3.9 (based on the industry standard - shuttling with private vehicles and the potential for commercial shuttle service Ot

Sightseers Sightseers

* permitted in both directions. where excessive speed are not Mountain wouldbikes only be permitted to use the reduce the likelihood of collisions between traffic and recreational users. improve u utilized by walkers and tr climb to dual use IMBA standards, a wider withtrail a shallow gradient could be can potentially be used as a du The proposed c 3.9.2 Pony Club area. area when horses are present. agreed that mountain bike r The Central Tablelands Mountain Bike regularly walk through the area en from the area us The Pony Express mountain bike trail terminates several hundred 3.9.1

her Usersher and Potential Conflic visiting by vehicle in a two week period (including a long weekend) in June

of the road may be required more frequently to deal with the increase in Walkers and Trail Runners Horse ridersPony Club and Lithgow the

ser experience, reduce pedestri (local and tourists) limb trail for the new Hassans Wall mountain bike trail network ed by the Lithgow Pony Club and bike riders and walkers

based visits. ail runnersail to access Hassans Wall Lookout. This would

2.5 persons per vehicle) iders iders will dismount and walk th

uld be expected to increase due operating hours (weekends ~10am

al al use trail. By constructing the easy (green circle) The new proposed trail will pass outside of the possible. Walkers and trail run

- The reserve received an route back to Hassans destination

Club and the Lithgow Pony Club have

an traffic on Hassans Wall Road and t

on Hassans Walls Ro

trail in trail the ascending direction

Wall rough the Pony Club

estimated 2,245

ners would be to mountain bikers

Road. Road. - 3pm). metres upslope ad

, receiving

Page21

new businesses to be ready for the opening of the network.trail By outlining a design and construction timeline, interested parties can begin planning consultation sessions reg The council can create confidencebusiness in the community by running public shop would certainly deter some non expected that a bicycle sho parts and repairs shop. With a commercially constructed trail network, canit One important service missing from Lithgow a is well twelve Lithgow Hospital is a short seven It has: Mountain 3.11 Town Services -

minute drive from the Summit Trailhead. the design. about the development can be addressed and, required, if amendments made to reserve. By foll have minimal ill effects on the current user base and natural Overall the development of the Hassans Wall Mountain Bike Trail Network will The propos Station The Rock 3.10.2 local schools. an intermediate (Blue) would facilitate safe outd requiring advanced skills to navigate. The development of an easy (Green) and Currently the only sanctioned trail in the reserve unsuitableis for school use, 3.10

bikers bikers require essential services. Lithgow in is a • • • • • • • • State Emergency Service and other organisations

.1 .1

climbing and abseiling are currently occurring on an infrequent basis.

Service stations Train station Hotels, accommodation, caravan parks and camp sites Public Toilets Cafés Fast food outlets and restaurants Lithgow Hospital Superm School School groups Cliff Activities Basedand Recreation oc casionally use the for site tra

ed trail alignments will have no adverse effect on these activities.

owing correct com arkets arding arding the proposed Hassans Wal

p p would soon

- minute - local local riders from visiting.

munity consultation procedures, concerns drive from the Access City Tra open in Lithgow. The current lack of a bike ining.

- stocked, accessible bicycle sales, oor teaching and recreation at

strong position in regardthis l l Mountain Bi such as

values ofthe

the Mine Rescue

ilhead and a ke Trail Network.

Page22

Page23

needs ofmountain bikers and be ready for operation when the tr stage will allow the Lithgow community to build or modify their businesses to meet the Holding community con Guided tours ofthe trail network, incl Reliable, frequent shuttle services from the lower trail head tothe summit. Shuttle, tours guidesand Parts sales and repairs. Protective gear. Good range of Hire services Craft beers, ciders and spirits. A range and of tasty nutritious meals, snacks and drinks aimed at varying budgets. Food Bike friendly roads to move about the city. Easy Transport Wet area/porch to remove clothesdirty and gear. Bike wash station. Work area with a bike repair stand and basic bike supplied.tools Secure bi Bike friendly accommodation ranging from Accommodation Additional requirements of Mountain bike tourists include; owners on the wants and needs ofmountain bikers. importantIt is to educate an 3.12 acce

Local Businesses and stakeholder ke storage for overnight stays (preferably independent to each room). ss to Lithgowss with a means of b

Mountain bike

sultation meetings and information sessions during the design

d d prepare current local businesses and prospective business

and E

- bike bike hire for a range of uding skills ringing a bike.

b udget to boutique. coaching.

budgets and skill levels.

ails open. ails

Page24 couples and families. the project, ma term stays (1 The current range of attractions for non riding family members elevates the potential of Lithgow as a mountain bike destination because it provides non The ofLithgow City and surrounding area has a diverse range of attractions. This 3.13 Existing complemExisting - 2 days). This matches the expected stay durations of non king Lithgow quite • • • • • • • • • • • •

Lithgow Golf Club L Lithgow Blast Furnace Lithgow Dog Park and Recreatio Lithgow Small Arms Factory Museum Lithgow Visitor Information Centre Emora Park Endeavour Park Fireball Paintball ZigZag Brewery Bracey Lookout Hassan

alternative entertainment opti ithgow State Mine s Wall Lookout entary activities for non

attractive as a weekend getaway destination for

riders will provide ample entertainment for short Heritage Park and Railway

ons. Attractions Include; n Area

- riders

- l

ocal riders for

Page25 Figure 1

Con mountain bike trails Trail construction 3.14 s er Environmental v ation ation Zone

is s

should be constrained by the (green)

Sustainability

in in the Hassans

within The Managed Use Bushland Zone, avoiding t Hassans Wall

Wall Reserve

Zoning Scheme.

(fig. 1 ) .

All new proposed he

Page26 stored an Wastes generated by prior to arriving on site, A infested risk mitigation st All prevent erosion and improve l Bike Association ( Trail design will u sensitive habitat, which with H ll plant,ll m abitat of the endangered

workers and contr

as sistance Butterfly, Copper Purple 1. Image and clean areas d d remo achine from rategies. If available, provide ved from site. tilise best practice methodologies as outlined by the ry, equipment and personnel IMBA

an appropriate environmental consult

actors personnel, ) can be as per the

, along with to minimise the environmental impact ofconstructing new trails, Purple C

must be trained ongevity.

isolated plant/equipment maintenance and clea Arrive Clean, Leave Clean Pict opper

wash ure: SIMON NALLY/ OEH OEH NALLY/ SIMON ure:

during during trail construction to prevent - B down utterfly

i n maps to participant the ofsprisks should undertake a comprehensive wash locations Paralucia spinifera spinifera Paralucia

should be mapped. ant -

reading pathogens and weeds and

guidelines 2015. . Lithgo Trail alignments will avoid s with the w Mercury w International Mountain wil ning will be securely l l need to be identified trampling L

ocation of

any - down

Page27 not expanding orit creating brake bumps which disperse soil and degrade the trail. level tread toallow for traction. Good traction e down the trail. A 5% outslope is recommended, but it is essenti New In determined maximum gradient. Trails must be built to Maximum Sustainable Grade: for most trails Ten Percent Average Guideline: traversing. Half Rule: gravelly soils with low plast IMBA guidelines on water management and erosion prevention are especially important i should be adhered to. Internati - Figure Figure slope onal Mountain Bike Association

a trail’s gradient should not exceed half the gradient of the hillside or is it slope 2 . Some short sections of trail can exceed percentage this on hardened, rocky soils. -

Half Rule Half Out - slope

guideline icity, such as those found around

Each TDRS

an average trail gradient of less than 10% : It is essential to allow water to sheet across the trail and not standards (IMBA) (Trail Difficulty R ncourages riders to stay within

comply.

for trail design and construction ating System) Lithgow

al al to have sections of in .

category has a pre

is recommendedis

the trail contour,

- slope or n -

Page28 IMBA Australia Guidelines on t The most recent IMBA trail design guidelines material that erodes over time. because trails are c BenchFull Figure sustainable trails. w Grade Reversals: ith in ith 3 - . Grade reversals Grade . slope/level tread/ out Trails:

These encourage water to exit the treadtrail and, when combined These provide a long onstructed bycarving into soli

- s lope lope in a regular rhythmic combination will produce fun, rail rail

difficulty are outlined in - lasting sustainable solution for erosion control

( IMBA: Tur d d ground rather than using in soft

the ta ning Trails Inside 2020) Out, bles below

- fill

Page29

IMBA Aus tralia Trail Difficulty Rating System

Page30

Page31

Page32

Page33

to be combined with common sense. No rating system can be to Table 2 . TDRS .

tally objective or valid for

ev ery Thissituation. system is a tool

Page34 sections of a trail within the designated skill level and sustained by the trail, Trai due to trail use and improves rider experience. require minimal break the to trail lose and gain altitude as necessary. A well designed gravity tra Trails should automatically where crashes are most lik where possible. This includes Run consequences. allowing riders of lesser skill to try out mor and allows for skill progression. It opens trails to rider gap jumps. Instead of gaps, table No gap policy and Adequate keys to locked gates Ambulance s and services) Good bike market and allow for (Blue Square) to difficul Multiple trails with a variety ofdifficulties ranging from easy (Green Circle), moderate landing areas Construct attempt a trail beyond their abilities Clear trail signage time Good areas A geotechnical assessment of the proposed construction zone to construction stage in can be greatly reduced. Some example of measure implemented during the design and meet or exceed IMBA Guidelines, the risk to recreational users of mountain or Effective risk management relies upon recognising risk, where possible removing the risk 3.15 ,

where removal notis p l features should be predictable - , that adjust speed accordingly out Zones

medical trail grading Risk reduction strategy along the proposed alignments.

the

trail fea fea

ervice regarding an emergency response plan . Liaison with the Lithgow Hospitals Emerg

designated of jumps ture separation , evacuation access

in in line with most international Bike Parks, wh of jumps and features are cleared of any potentially dangerous debris tures

ensures that is highly visible . clude, arebut not limited to;

ing and preferably no pedalling. This reduces wear and erosion

to allow variety of speeds and styles ofriding to have a t (Black Diamond) will cater to

difficulty of the t sa ossible, will comfortablywill be able to neg ely to occur. manage speed for the rider fe that users can be confident when riding a trail for the first

before the nex r

skill emov to allow the rider to recover control of the bike needed if - clear lineclear of s top top design managing the risk effe

to the highest risk features progression and improve user experience. ing ing stumps, logs or medium size

in in that a rider traveling at the speed generated

and intuitive rail will be consistent with past experiences. e challenging features without risk ofmajor t trail t trail feature should be used.

ight . required

from ensures users don’t unknowingly s with a range of skill levels,

a wide portion of the mountain ency Department and . This is achieved by undulating ctively otiate otiate blind and unfamiliar . beginning to end, extending

for that trail.

and ere only pro

This minimises riskof injury

(preferably . By constructing trails to

trail access including recognise hazardous

d d rocks in locations

- lines will have il should

close to town bike

trails

Page35

opening to local authorities prior to the trail This plan should be distribute contact numbers, roads, gates suitable retrieval emergency services the NSW Am should be drafted in conjunction with A detailed evacuation plan vehicles to the hub on orfoot via Hassans Walls Rd Green Flow trail Close to the middle access hub the accessibility to kilometre at any vehicle access roa designed The Hassans Walls trail network is 3.16 the Hassans Walls trail network can be managed to an acceptable level. they get on a bike. Through the Mountain

and Emergenc (eg quad bik

to be biking is a dangerous sport with inherent risks that riders assume every time trailheads,

the public. bulance service and local

emergency vehicle in in close proximity to

passes point points, ,

ds allowing . y Evacuation Plan

e). winch points, It should include ( )

within one

very close to locations small 4 etc promote and map easy access .

d d to the

WD implementation of these contro

Map 3. 3. Map

Sample Sample Evacuation Plan Evacuation ls, thels, risk to riders using

Page36

ATG: 9.6% TDS: Black Diamond Direction: Descent Altitude: Distance: 1,561m Pony Xpres events. anis advanced technical/jump gravity trail, often used by the CTMBC to Currently there onlyis one sanctioned designated mountain bike trail. The Pony Xpress 3.18 projec Assessment and Mitigation Strategy Implementations, as part of the next stage of this management during the planning, tender and construction stages on the Legal Risk Rocky Trail Destination prop Best practice examples Trail Rating Difficulty and informs trail users ofthe ofmountainrisks biking in general. The m Section 4. outline a lot ofwork has gone into analysing the Trail Difficulty Ratings as outlined in activity to an At the core of the Lega 3.17 t as a contracting consulting b ain ain risk mitigation strategy an Legal Legal Risk A Existing

s 150m experienced Trail Builder as Next Level MTB. With this project plan and

anctioned

l l Risk Assessment is our advice ssessment for signage and wordings oses to work together with the Lithgow City Cou T d d approach is proper signage that communicates rails usiness who manages the process.

are shown

to contract the trail building in in the Attachment sectio

host race ncil ncil n the .

Page37 ATG: TDS: Bl Direction: Descent Altitude: Distance: Channel 6 ATG: TDS: Bl Direction: Descent Altitude: Distance: 1, Gun DH Club ATG: TDS: Direction: Descent Altitude: Distance: 1 Townhouse Trail TDS: Black Diamond ATG: 12.8% Direction: Descent Altitude: 150m Distance: 1,561m Ewok Forest ATG: TDS: Black Diamond D Altitude: 210m Distance: The Pottery Track and HWP and maintained through mountain bike use. (HWPoM) upper intermediate to advanced standard. The H length from 490m to 3 webs Despite only one trail being approved, the Central Tablelands Mountain Bike Club’s 3.19 irection: Descent ite ite Existing Bl 7. 12.3 8.5 9.6% ( 7 ue Squa ue Square ue Square no oM as to whether Gun DH Club is a sanctioned % i

dentifies several informal/unap % w

2,643 1,633m 158 206 200 -

defunct ,847 620 m m m re

unsanctioned m m m

)

kilometres listed 8 trai . The notes Club most ofthe trails are regarded as ls ls of varying standards trails proved “single” tracks having been established

There mixed is information from the CTMBC

assans assans W trail within within the Reserve, ranging in all . P lan lan o f M anagement

Page38 4 Design StageDesign Here createalso will a direct provide This f present an opp The around t with some basic landscaping of the area. Natural rock bolla vehicles. area shoul term use as the majority ofusers in this area will be dropping off rid shoulders onto Hassans Walls Road. The upper trail the Access City Trailhe along with officials capacity will be critical durin lowerThe trail town, minimising the use of vehicles and encouraging spending in town. Lithgow city centre as p around the signage and rider congregation area. potential shuttle services and private shuttles. date if demand increases. in line with the expected usage of the trail, with the potential to extend parking at a later with a climb to the summit, saving the best part for Thislast. carpark will need to be built Generally network w will provide The city access trailhead Four 4.1 ith adequateith parking, good signage and some landscaping including a gateway to the Middle Social Hub Trailheads

eature will trailhead

. A and spectators. A maptrail with descriptions and a disclaimer wi a large he signage and rider congregation area. A trail network map with descriptions and a disclaimer wil ,

d d be constructed that will facilitate buses with trailers and private shuttle mountain bikers will park at the bottom of totems to guide users c the ar parking

ir ortunity to exchange to a different trail or continue on the same track.

combination

s head will need to accommodate in excess of 20 people on Thisbikes. not only head and

first interaction with the network should

ad. and turning ossible to encourag will allowwill riders to re be of grea be constructedbe forthe project;

s The tu

will will tart of the gravity area

g events of access for easy evacuation in case of emergency service the majority of riders coming to the reserve and options during events. rning area should f to the descent section of the beginner loop and back to t advantage for rider area will

, Parking at this trailhead should be targeted a

whe n e riders to

there are large need to be constructed at - join with their friend or riding group Natural rock bollards should be arranged . A good f The is theis highest point in the network and

acilitate bu a gravity zone and

trailhead is positioned start and finish their experience in skills progression irst impression is

rds rds should be arranged numbers of ses with trailers for l l be erected, along ers. A large turning

this

competitors, begin their ll be erected

but also will trail trail

essential, as close to

head.

and t short ride

Page39

Page40 ensure longevity of investment. mountainWalls bike network can be future C 4.2 onsideri Coherent N Coherent Loop minimised. Existing rock features and pre should be kept high on the ridgelines, out ofvalleys, and gully crossings should be met yearAll in a sit shuttle vehicle, they demand a long, thrilling continuous descent in return. Pro mountain style. expect easy/moderate gradients with rest sections, rather than leg Climb sections tend to be the Riders trails. trails and reserve more gently angled slopes for descending gravity, fl https://www.imba.com/blog/turning latestThe IMBA recommendation over obstac of 29 Wheel size: climb networks have wider turns and berms, and traverse trails sh need for shuttles. To cater technical features to enjoy when climbing. They cover longer distances and have less at higher speeds on climb trails and have m E trends 2019) enduro, jump, pump, tricks, etc. ofstyles riding. Now they tend to buy one bike to ride all styles: cross country, New mountain bike de - ng bikes arebecoming vide returnvide for effort: iculous attention to water management will minimise the need for closures. Trails -

worldwide trends and future rider expectations in mountain biking

inch wheels. Bikes with 29 ) sections -

expect 2019/ See international market trends - round access: les more easily. Trails need to be suitable for riding at higher speeds. there is a stron

immediate satisfaction and gentle average gradienttrail help to maintain a high average speed.

‘ up –

flow’

signs: an important consideration

trails which are hugely popular for e If If riders are to invest energy on a long climb or pay money to for e e Blue Mountains can be we g tren etwork space space for social interaction

In the riderspast, boug -

- bikes, climbbikes, trails haveshould technical challenges and ( inch wheels travel with greater momentum and pass MTB trends survey d d away from 27 - - trails proofed in the design and construction stage to (Tur

on all trails: no boring sections. https://www.vitalmedianet.com/index.php/mtb - ning trails Inside Out,

inside - engineered struc ore momentum. They are looking ould include fun features. In E - out - inch wheeled mou

) to ) is use steep slopes for climb ,

in in trail design. E ht different bikes for different t, so g

tures could be required. between riders. Riders ood trail design and 2016, - bike bike riders. - burning k

ntain ntain bikes - ow and downhill bike riders travel

, the Hassans urope, trail Climb ing for downhill,

- in in favour of

rest - the

- - -

Page41 should: F ollowing principles, theseguiding volunteers, spectators and medical professionals Facil advertising campaigns. Hassans Walls and the associated elevation through mediasocial and target Promote Lithgow as a qual networktrail most important factors in creating Bring of doing so offering slower B constr more experienced riders the with optional side features ensures riders take the easy path by default, while giving Give mini trails. This can M back to Intermediate and Advanced riders should be able to access the look Pro often loose and technical terrain, making sharing with other users dangerous Be take walkers constructed to allow easy appropriate Walls Provide shared e hand for accommodation, suppliesfood, and other Provide easy access from the town centre network,trail to the making Lithgow ready at

conomy ai for vide access to the complete experience for ntain

ity gravityity riding ex itate smooth and easy running of hubs A

re on the climb trail ucted to give advanced riders - mountain bikers only on d line/B turn visitations

social group . wn. between trails throughout the desc

speeds

. and trail runners -

line options Q

be achieved dual dual direction uick easy - lines to riders who may want to try the a trail less consequential to make

s riding .

periences are essentialall qualities , Thoughtful design and construction will

while with

access on of trails all difficulties facilitates passing, rest sections at points of interest, a

by by creating a number of A

destination safe it for a shared opportunity to ‘play’ with the h

access for walkers on allow i gh quality trail network design and

, g a more direct route to the summit.

the a escending trails ood return on ing g a time advantage and increase trail flow, while ood user experiences and

even Hassans Walls

individual riders to choose differen

by by showcasing the aesthetic qualities of the ts ents allowing

with easy access for race riders oflevels all basis. A wider . rider

to the summit lookouts at activities boosting the as rid - line/ effort, ease of navigatio mountain mountain bike ers will travel at high

trail. More difficult trails can be of a riders B - progression Line options and creating

than standard tr popular trail network. maintain riders at creating a to . Beginner, construction re

out areas and return - nd shortcuts join officials trail network trail network local . Easy trails t skill level

successful their groups. ed Hassans .

n ail can be speeds , t ,

and he two means to

Page42

constructed gra This trail expectedis to have a large volum Interesting lookout s chance to take a breather for a few moments. Traverse sections with undulating features will ke speeds Switch the focus of this trail. Notes: and reduce conventional challenge E Close switchbacks along the willtrail fac lookout and upper trailhead. distance from the exposed edge, before the final mountain a works way its up along the eastern aspect of the communi riders quickly gain elevation away from the road. The thentrail turns south and gradually Depa safety. appropriate speeds and clear lines of sight should be maintained to to keep clear of Hassans Walls lookou Description: 4.3 pproaching the Hassans Walls ridgeline, views openwill up to reveal the vas - mountain bikers, walkers and trail runners vity area.vity It will see a divers Climbing T Climbing rti

ng Style: ATG: Estimated Altitude change: Direction: Estimated Distance: TDRS: 4.3.1 back turns A social, seamless flowing climb (

that can be reached s.

Hassans Wall Road climbing

The willtrail briefly descend along the Hassans Walls cliff line

the time spent slightly wider with

bikes willbikes be able to m

Green Green Climb Trail (shared) This trail will offer an easy climb option to al

the descent tracks.

will require

rails abilities and pots pots will be enh

. It

is positionedis

climb

larger turn and heading west, a

e range of users with a variety of skills and needwill to be a variety of

e ing allow overtaking - bikes onbikes a climbing trail.

ake use of these features to Trail features and trail grade will maintain riders at anced to take advantage of the if if desired.

Up Flow 4.9 163 Runners) Climb 3,316m IMBA largely % ilitate the construction of optional short cuts for m keeping the radii and greater support

options and side features. e of riders as it serves all

(M . Green

with Technical B on the ountain Bikers), Dual Direction

ide

ep riders entertained and give climb section to the Hassans Wa of

features and shortcuts wil series ofclose switchbacks will se

slower riders western side

needs of e l cations tower ridgeline.

trail users heading - lines challenge themselves . Fitter riders aboard -

bikers in mind of Hassan Wall Road

to handle views.

further improve descent trails in the

at a safe

higher

t (Walkers, to the l fields and

them a ) ) wil lls Upon e l l be

Page43

Elevation Profile: Keeping the trail on the ridge The alignmenttrail has been designed construction area and be taken advantage of to construct retaining walls for should be constructed in deeper zonessoil where possible. Medium sized rocks could have exposed rocky sections in combination with deeper gravely A Expected construction difficulty: Em (Recommended 1,200mm wide). Gree The willtrail need to be constructed with a wider than standard surface tread (IMBA 2 ploy Climb - tonne switchbacks n 900mm) to allow safe and easy

mini excavatormini - Rest .

Some cl for fill

- Climb (CRC) methodology to the design. .

is recommendedis for this style of ean maysoil need to be moved line helps av

4 .5

passing of any slower riders and walkers. away from

oid water manageme

low gullies and water crossings. trail treadtrail or back

from othe trail. The terrain expectedis

nt problems. soils. Switchbacks r sections ofthe

sides ofbe

rms

Page44

for novice riders. anis extremely di Notes: compulsory features will allow creative options for more experienced riders. jumpi regained on straighter sections Speed control features will slow riders to suit the upcoming tur base of the gravity area. flow as they float down the beforetrail s final section will be wide open and create a safe space for beginner riders to Gradually rollers will get ortrail have the option to transfer to a di decision point will allow Close to the riders as they switch Hassans Wall Road rollers. Straight out of the gate g fun promises to be popular with riders of all skill levels. Easy Green level trails can be Description: 4.4

for riders of all skill levels. Descent trailsDescent ng, inspire

Riders will descend the rolling contours of the Style: ATG: Estimated Altitude Change: Direction: Estimated Distance: TDRS: 4.4.1 Applying a “no braking required” approach bewill the overall design focus. This halfwa

Green Green Descent A descent trail

fficult task to achieve beginner riders to

y point . Large supportive berms will create a rollercoaster experience for

back and forth across the hill

visitors re deeper and ravity

riders will encounter a wide space and social hub, this

starting from the

will take control,

. Focus - join with their group and continue on their current

gai

Super 6.6 134 Descent 2,000m IMBA faster

, on gliding over a rolling contour rather than n speed and confidence. Trailside non

lowing again to finish at the l but but is fferent trail to finish their r % m

Green f , b lo

w the upper uilding rider

meandering

gold standardgold in trail flow

side. trailhead, this green Super Flow trail eastern

confidence in the trail. down the contour with lar

aspect ns, then speed will be un. ower

of the ridge below

trailhead at the

and essential

feel fast - The super ge

Page45

Elevation Profi Large volumes or will soil need to be handled to construct a flow One road gets concentrated at single points along the trail. Extens realignments.trail Buried slab rock will presen remove large rocks and create a tread appropriately wide for the trail speed required to con A Difficulty Rating (0 Expected construction difficulty: 2 - tonne

or t ive water control measures may wo wet areas may

excavator mostis suited to the width and earthmoving volumes struct this Machinestrail. of l e:

- 5): 4

require extra attention t issues during deeper excavations and may require

be required where water runoff from the this size are appropriately powerful to to drainage.

style trail.

Page46 the popularity, accessi construct A and B lines with a broad spectrum of skill in mind. This will greatly increase stay beginner riders for long, an Notes: variety of approaches to p enjoy the same trail. More skilled riders can faster straight line. All these alternative lines will allow riders of different skill levels to line over ro example, they will be able to choose to ride one of a side tree An important focus of this will trail be to provide riders to an appro down, or allow mixing and matching during a descent. and Black descent trails slowwill riders and allow groupssocial to reconnect part way construction of bulked between take increasing erosion allow the construction of steeper obviously optional Black A corridor will be enhanced to provide riders with an exciting blue trail experience, with riders along will deter riders of an inappropriate skill level. below it. of the vacant space between the green abovetrail and it the seasonally Starting athletes. a t already pr with a twist ofmodern Description: r omoting ech flow trail was last year aw

Style: ATG: Estimated Altitude change: Direction: Estimated Distance: TDRS: 4.4.2 This trail has a TDRS intermediate Blue rating.

from the upper headtrail at the summit ofHassans Walls, this trail m will Almost

oven extremely popular at renowned destination

skill cks or the low line on the grou

the e

Blue DecentBlue This

offs and landings.

progressio

immediately as the trail begins, a moderately difficult qualifying feature astern aspect of the ridgeline. Promin priate speed before rolling the

. J intermediate Blue descent trail umps will take advantage

bility and safety ofthe tra machine p ark style manage water. n and social interaction. - lines diverging and merging with the main trail. Rock slabs will

d d are keen to progress their sk built arded best trail of the race season by world level Areas conducive to trail features. sec

features. tions of 134 Tech 8.3 Descent 1,600m IMBA %

m nd, choose a steep rock slab or the easier, nical/

Blue ride the a trail different way every

trail without compromi Much This style of trail relativelyis new, hasbut of rocky outcrops to act as fill material

Optio Flow (Multiple A & B Lines) il.

m into the lower multiple options for riders

will mixwill aspects ofold school technical Springs Springs and wet areas will require a

like like the green deeper excavations will f nal merging lines with the Green

B The wiltrail ent natural features within the eginner s

like like Derby or the other, take a high ills. Itis important to Green

gravity trail head. , this trail, this will take l l finish sing sing sustainability , Tasmania - trail riders don’t

flowing gully by slowing

. For acilitate the

t ime, ake use ,

where

or trail

Page47

Elevation Profile: features. Buried slab rock may present i progress. Bulk earthmovi to construct creative A and B l constructionDaily productivity expected is to be measures at few points. Con Extensive water control meas designed A number of water crossings and springs are expected and appropri 600mm and 1800mm A Difficulty Ratin Expected construction difficulty: 1 - centrated w 2 tonne excavato

(bridges)

ng volumes to construct g (0 ater runoff from the road

- 5): r suitableis to create this trail

ures may be required where ines throughout. ssues during deeper excavations and force

park style

and green trail

slower than usual, given the desired aim

features takes time and slows daily , with a tread width varying between

may require water control

ate solutions will be

adaptation of

Page48 look can be achieved using micro (intermediate The willtrail be volumes ofearth will need to be moved in order A 2 The lower reaches trail ofthis move the machine down the operator. Some features may need to be demolished and re excavatormini down an existing technical trail requires an extremely experienced A 1 tonne excavator is Difficulty Rating (0 Expected construction difficulty: washes speed from the riders. c fur wet areas will be realigned to drier area may b largely will be rock armoured improve safety the other Largetrails. the trail. unavoidable trailhead at the summit of Hassans Like the Green and Blue descent trails to remaintrail the same and careful consideration importantis when modifying the trail. altered unless be a commercial standard to ensure longevity. were used to support soil have rotted and become haz Upgrades to the trail will see returnedit to its former gl resulted i This trail currentlyis open to the public, however extensive use over Description: orridor. The willtrail merge into the lower gravity trailhead after a speed check zone ther be improved by clearing ha utilized during the - 3 tonne excavator recommendedis to rebuild the lower section, where e realigned to reduce rider reliance on br remain unchanged. Style: ATG: Estimated Altitude change: Direction: Estimated Distance: T 4.4.3 Riders will travel down the western aspect of the opposing eastern ridgeline to DRS: n the degradation of built features, such as berms, catches, jumps and landings.

qualifying

Blac

they

expert) modified where dee Rutted entries to rock gardens that currently funnel riders to a single line

k Descent ( k Descent

pose a serious safety issu - 5): , supportive berms will allow r overhaul. Current popular

to allow multiple line choices. recommended feature to enjoy the Safetrail. technical features are 3.5

Sections with

trail. trail.

can be safely and easily accessed through the Pony Club. that riders will have to negotiate in order to progress down

Pony Express)Pony -

excavators zards from

Walls.

med necessary, to allow a wider range of users

Technical 11.3 134 Descent 1,182m IMBA for the upper of thishalf , this Black descent s , or modified to deal with water. Safety will

m extensive breaking bumps before switchback % Th

Black

The current alignment will overwhelmingly e

e. The CTMBC wishes for the nat

to assist the hand possible trail /Jump a features along the trail should not be to construct safe tabletop jump

ing will beginwill wit iders iders to carry greater speeds and S

before entering a corner. teep, technical ardous. Features will ory. crash zones along the trail trail depart Timber retaining walls that - constructed in ord trail h a - build crew.

very clear and rebuild. N

a priority. A natural the 8 last years has s

rock sections

from the upper

large be re av ure of the er to Persistent igating a s.

bui lt to lt will

Page49

Elevation Profile:

Page50

Page51

Elevation Profile: piking cr compulsory e The p Difficulty Rating (0 Expected construction difficulty: progressio compulsory side features providewill entertainment and op headtrail Notes: their ride. keep intermediate and advanced riders entertained pump gravity area. essential. Riders most beginner of riders. c Riders will negotiate a gentle gradient that will slowly meander its way up the from hill the another orlap leaving the impo The descending portion of this loop doubles as the loop tr Descrip arp ffective drainage solutions itical. Possible solutions ark. rtant to roposed alignment goes through - ail theis most accessible and bridges

track Style: ATG: Estimated Altitude change: Direction: Estimated Distance: TDRS: 4.4.4 This tion: Focus will be on gentle me

and carpark n. exit trail - keep a lasting good

From here

style

Beginner Loop Starting from the

point can expect will

. feel

- 5): eventually

. It should offer features that appeal to many types of riders. Non for

w , 3.5

A hard pack surface material with no on a ill ill build skills and confidence. N the gravity area

R include importation of fill material, elevated trail constant flow descent of

eserve

will will be of highest importance. The also is trail a high number of users because

lower

reach the in in the network and will cater mainly to families.

impression .

andering with subtle grade reversals to cater to the

Flow 3.6 27 Loop (Counter clockwise) 1 IMBA roadside ,500

a low m %

and highest onpoint the trail,

m Green

- as it as it may be the deciding factor in going for

lying area

a good final trailhead

exit po around as they go for another orlap where at the edge of the reserve umerous optional features

int int for the gravity area impression

863m portu of its proximity water

- nity for skills , with a trail obstacles will be

the base of may of the network subtle

accumulate

tread the

to the main

the

fun , turn . It is finis , this , this

will will

is is ; h

Page52

Page53 NewTrail Total Netwo amount oftrail in each TDRS category. In regard to the gr gravityall riders. piece of trail infrastructure that bypasses the Pony grounds Club and wi andRoad future parking area. The descending half of the family loop is an essential The family loop trail connects the lower trai loop trail. The Hassans Walls network havewill a long, compulsory easy climb trail and a family 4.5 Gravity Area Walls Hassans Proposed Network: Network

avity area of the networktrail Total trailsTotal 4,787m (metres)

rk Distance: Trail Difficulty Rating Split Black Blue Green TDRS

lhead of the gravity area to Ha , the following table demonstrates the

(metres) Distance

1,601m 2,004m 1182m

9,598 metres

Percentage

24.7% 33.4% 41.9% ll be utilised by ssans Wall

Page54 Lit Lookout. Walls Hassans 2. Image their several view and capture a network. Ph connection reserve by taking r existing lookout The Hassans Wall Reserve anis 4.6 Special F focus shifts to focusing on the gravity descent ahead. ‘postcard’ between oto opportunities add value by encouraging people to stop, appreciate the s . eatures The networktrail should take full advantage of the natural assets

iders n imag p

hoto opportunities to riders along their way to the summit, before riders hgow Tourism hgow

to the most scenic locations p e

and

to share. The Hassans Walls T

place extremely aesthetic natural landscape with

as well as providing passive marketing for the ossible rail rail Network will provide

. This helps to create several

a in

the

Page55

design design stage. create unique and challenging features and should be identified during the detailed Outstanding rock with a famous rock gap that justis wide enough for handlebars to le Extra special a d d to visitations from riders wishing to ‘conquer’ them. Derby Tasmania is has a trail rideable features can become famous in the mountain bike community and

formations within the trail corridor can be utilised by trail builders to

pass through.

Page56

a number of When wet terrain cannot be avoi 4.7 require minimal maintenance. and Wildlife Service standard) are easy to prefabricate and assemble on site. They BridgeFRP power carriers. Rock armouring Culverts Turnpiking different section of the construction area, Elevating the trail tread Wet AreaWet M techniques can be applied. . A tunnel under the usingtrail existing rock or artificial pipe . s

or igging igging a drain

elevated tracks anagement

the section with rocks from other sections ofthe contour,trail us . This usually requires relocation of gravel material from a next to ded, or unexpected springs appear on the contour,trail

( Fiber Reenforced Plastic)

the trail to di normally using power carriers. vert water away. constructed to Parks

ing ing

Page57

unforgettable trail. equipment. Construction in areas like this is slo musttrail be hand built using pry bars, slings, winches, jack hammers and other Some especially rocky areas can be impossi carrier and material for use along the contour.trail The material can be transported with power flow conto Micro excavat the andtrail give uniqueit features. Creative trail building required.is Rocky terrain maintenance than smaller ones.) recommended as they case large culverts ove create culverts under the (In trail. this of water to a suitable drainage area turnpikestrail to d circumsta layers. Other options for extreme layers from rock/gravel free the use of Extremely wet terrain (for more remote areas). areas. It can be Importing nces are to construct above surfacin ur or gravity trail feature. Using skeleton buckets, the excavators can sieve geotextiles

final shaping is done with han ors can manoeuvre between rocks

can be a time transported to the usingsite power carriers, skid steers or by helicopter ivert

g material to isolate cl

high volumes

require less r 225mm are may require

- draining - consuming challenge canbut enhancealso the quality of

is a is time consuming

or - d d tools. ble to safely access with excavators so the w and costly canbut result in

and move rocks using slings to create a but long but - lasting solution for large

an iconic,

Page58

• • • • create flow in the The Super Flow styl 4.8 drainage can be a challenge and most of the trail needs to be constructed above ground. desired featur In these cases, excavating deep shapes in the ground. Occasionally the terrain doesn’t suit the intended trail design or is not suitable for Shallow

the ortrail, to management features like giant berms and large jumps. In such terrain, cr The rocky s flow. A con interesting features not previously identified, or change alignments to improve overall unexpected obstacle having a The trail standard building corridor 10is metres either of side the marked trail, but during th beco buried rocks screen the to a soil deeper level, otherwise working on rocky terrains is it important to trails require a smooth surface. When suitable riding surface. Most park to sieve the rocky soil and provide a Sieve ( steer and power carriers. existing required. This will be achievable using the importation ofsuitable soil features, however is it design will ma where rock almost at this The challengebiggest will be the Site SpecificSite eating sudden springs and wet areas. This can be a problem for longevity of me noticeable as the erodestrail s oil skeleton) buckets Hassans Wall Rd e first 6 months of use. wider construction corridor d es. This happens most commonly in areasjump or skills parks where epths or unsuitable terrain struction corridor of 20 metres either side ubsurface terrain undoubtedly c large amounts of soil can be im will surface over time and

channel the water under the trail.

existing natural terrain. ke use of existing natural involves sign e of the green trail Mitigation s (sometimes only found after excavating), expected that ,

e surface. Trail along with

will will be essen ificant drainage works to redir

could

- shallow soil depths style

will requirewill dramatic construc be

skid will allowwill the crew the flexibili

tial ported to enable construction of the hannels water into unexpected locations,

is recommended.is ,

especially in the highest parts ect water before it enters Bike Park style water make use of tion methods to ty to avoid

Page59

The detail design. trail there is reasonably It should be noted that the 4.9 s. • • • • •

Ground T Ground

Detailed ground Detailed signage plan Location management Locations and extensiveness of wet areas and most suitable means of Seasonal creeks, trail crossing locations and appropriate bridge solutions The exact alignment of the ( trail

still still a large body of work to be completed to identify the exact alignment of the ed design stage produce;will

detailed picture o s and quantities of any ruthing

- truthing truthing will be undertaken prior to finalising the trail network

lignments in this whatf the require Hassans TrailWalls including GPS track files)

plan are preliminary d built structures Network , such as bridge

and

might look like ,

while providesit s

Page60

4.10 Ge elevate tread over bedrock on the green andclimb green descent. more difficult topsoil in most areas within the proposed network, making In the higher reaches between 1081m and 1122m Occa and 108 The predominance of medium density understory. Snow vegetation is mostly comprised of Between the altitudes of 964 and 1070m 4.10.2 de Club. Again The Beginner Loophave will excellent access throughout from the Lithgow Pony the c access, reduce worker f Road below or the communication tower track above. construction moves upthe ridgeline where machinery and equipment can be unloaded. Construction of the Shared Use C weekdays. weekend, permission from the Lithgow Pony Club Construction vehicle and Trailhead. become more economical t Somewhere between at the Summit Tra be dropped at th Trailhead and Summit Trailhead. Excavators, other machinery and equipment can net There relativelyis good access to the proposed trail alignments throughout the 4.10.1 pend neral neral Construction N work. Vehicle access is current onstruction site. s

Gum in an open forest. This co ional ional rock slabs should be eas Estimated average pr Equipment access points ent on 0m will make clearing and e no problem is foreseen

c . Retaining walls

onstruction vehicle and person permis ese points. Construction of the three gravity descents will begin ilhead,

sion from the Lithgow Pony Club.

halfway halfway small to moderate sized rock between atigue and aid fuel and equipment transport to and from in in the person o access the construction site from the Lower

(built fr and three quarters construction for each trail willit otes same direction ne oductivity

limb will begi with Board Leaf Peppermint, Ribbon Gum and ly ly possible to the Access City Trailhead, Lower l l access to the work si xcavating relatively straightforward. m y to avoid during benching.

om existing on

mbination results in sparse tree cover with a

ay be possible from either Hassans Wall use . As most pony club days take place on a within within the proposed construction zone of

nel the for site a n at the Acc City

s access to the work s the are trails going to be ridden. ,

rock slab justlies b - Access to the trail as site rock) E

- bikes woul construction te will be wide, altitudes of may b ess Trailhead,

deep benching dependent on d d speed

e needed to ite ite will be access on e low the 964m

Page61

E sol and culverts from Hassans Wall andRoad the Green Trail may requi construction of multiple A and B create proposed alignment. Builders will be able to enh A combined tech TechBlue E may re Concentrated water runoff fed by drains and culverts from Hassans W construction expected. The lower reaches will prove much more conducive to flow trail will be needed to achieve a flow trail in this ter terrain with shallow bedrock. Creative solutions like retained berms and rollers The upper reaches ofthis will trail present a challenge to build flow trail in rocky Green Su E culverts or onto rock armoured sections. sections of this trail may be needed to raise the tread and divert water through veg The area surrounding the proposed green Green Beginner Loop E between require the const clearing of a trail corridor to large trees and contains a medium density understory that should The Green Climb Note: Rating (CDR) 4.10.3 stimate stimates average productivity stimates average productiv stimate utions. etation. Bedrock and rocky outcrops should present no issue. Turnpiking majority majority IMBA quire comprehens features Estimated productivity based theDifficulty on Construction d d switchbacks

per Flow average productivity average productivity nical standard does not denote ease or difficulty ofconstruc ,

of the climb sits in sparsely populated open woodlands with medium

when /Flow Descent

productivity can expect to increase towards the Lower Trailhead. ruction o ncial Descent

soils deepen. Productivity is expected to be slowed in the

will slow daily construction progress. flow istrail perfectly suited to the terrain found along the

. Shallower soil conditions higher up the ridgeline ive drainage solutions. f retainingf walls to support the trea ity

: : : :

50 45m/day. - 50 50 lines. Concentrated water runoff fed by drains m/day. m/day. m/day.

beginn rain.

ance natural ro er

Forced r loop loop ha

s slightly d ealignments can d . Optional A ck features tion. re drainage allow easy all Road enser

- lines

and may of be

Page62

by the Wildlife Service. the Decision w determine the plan of action and suspend work or evacuate as appropriate. Work be suspended until the threat In the event of heavy winds, excessive rain or extreme fire risk, work may 4.10.4 E highly depen excavator of new rock retaining walls. The final section of this may trail require a to move the However, highly technical rock slab sections will require a highly skilled operator Refurbishing a trail is generally quicker than building a new one from scratch. Black Technical Descent stimates average productivity ould

Bureau of Meteorology,

only resu NSW Weather conditionsWeather - making w to aid to aid in the construction of large tabletop jumps.

machine down the t Fire Service. dent on how m me when the Site Manager has determined it is safe to do so. H and tools ould

be guided by (but not limited

uch original trail NSW only can

passes. In such instances the

: and fireand restrictions

60m rail. rail. Steep sections will require the construction

Fire Service, /day.

be used

remains unmodified.

on days designated Total Fire Ban NSW Police and

to) adviceto) obtainable from

Site Manager w Daily progress is

Parks and

bigger need to ould

Page63

No person isto work at alone Standard safety equipment for use by the crew: procedures Ide 4.10.5 ntification of safety risks and • Sufficient water/food • Fire extinguisher • Safety boots • • Hi visibility vest/clothes • Glasses/Goggles • Sunscreen • Sun Protection • Cold weather clothes • Wet weat • Gloves • 2 • Fully charged mobile phone • • First aid kit (including snake bandages)bite • • T • Site Access • Power Carrier JSA • Chainsaw JSA • Excavator JSA • Trail Work JSA Construction safetyConstruction plan

Hearing protection P Covid - rail rail Test ersonal Locator Beacon way radio in locations with poor mobile and - 19 Safety Plan

Job Safety Assessments her clothes -

Mountain Bike Rider

Mountain Bike JSA

any

implementation of appropriate risk

time.

JSA

by by the contracted company (example);

pho

ne coverage -

management

Page64 5 Post signage plan can be made dur At stage this 5.1 - Green Super Green Loop Beginner Green ClimbGreen Trailhead Summit Trailhead Lower City Access Trailhead Design Design Signage Plan • • • • • • •

3x Trail totems 2x Trail totems 2x Trail totems 1x 1x Medium map 2x 1x of

Large map, information and disclaimer Trail totems Large map

design only an estimate of signage can be made. A comprehensive Stage

FlowDescent

(1m (1m x 3m)

(Small 100mm x120mm tiles

(1m (1m x 1m)

ing ing the detailed design stage.

information and disclaimer

on posts

)

Page65

and should have good present no issue. trail positioned higher on the ridgeline below the communications tower track should T 5.2 Total CBD Signage directing he proposed • • Descent Black Technical B

Communications P to the Hassans Walls Reserve lue Tech/Flow Descent lue Tech/Flow

18 3 Network Maps • •

Direc 4x Trail totems 5x Trail totems design design area tional Totems Al mountain bikers ignments of the gravity area

mobile coverage throughout

should haveshould good mobile coverage throughout. lan

from the train station and will also be required.

ar e .

in in a facinggully the Lithgow CBD

motorists from the Lithgow The Climb

Page66 5.3 Work Health and Safety (sample)Plan 5.3.8 5.3.8 5.3.7 5.3.6 5. 5.3.4 5.3.3 5.3.2 5.3.1 3.5 3.5 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Site safety procedures andConsultation communication Induction training and Emergency and incident response Risk WHSGeneral information Roles responsibilities and Project information Managing other construction hazard Managi Personal protective equipment Site signage Site security Site amenities Site rules Disciplinary p Communication Consultation Worker training Wo Evacuation First aid Notifiable incidents Incident procedure Emergency preparedness Hierarchy of control Identifying hazards and managing risks Insurances Respons Obligations WHS policy Codes ofPractice and other guidance Legislation Workers Contracted Company Scope of work Other contact details Details Principal contractor details Management and review rker induction

management

ng construction haz of persons at workplace with W

ibilities

rocedures

ards specified in the Regulatio

HS responsibilities

Page67

user experience a determine change in road usage and whether any action needs to be tak Road should be monitored following the opening of the mountai management need to be increased slightly, however may this be achieved th extensive upgrading or development. Parking capacity Parking requirement. loading bays for shuttle services and private shuttles should be deemed a parking area cannot be constructed at the City Access trailhead, a g success. A parking area at or nearby the City Access Trail Head will parking areas further from the trailhead to This c be dynamic, with the potential to increase parking space volumes as especially destinations targeting beginner increases in po Parking requirements of a mountain bike network change over time. As the sport creates the n the easiest and most conveni incorrectly. Mountain arebikes 5.4 Parking an be achieved by extending exi area Potential locations of

For most riders transporting their bike s eed for large parking areas at popular riding destinations.

and design rather than clearing more area. Usage of the Hassans Wall at the pularity, visitations ofany mo

nd safety. bulky and cumbersome to transport and fragile if loaded or packed Summit Trailhead and Hassans Walls lookout area will not require

ent means of moving between home and the trailhead

future overflow parking areas should also be identified sting parking areas, or creating new overflow - intermediate riders. lessen untain bike network can expect to increase,

environmental impact ,

a private vehicle with a at the Hassans Wall lookout may

be essential P rough better parking n bike trails. This will arking solutions ood turning area and

demand increases

s on the reser to en to improve

minimum the project’s bike bike rack shoul . is This . ve d If If a

. .

Page68 Those wishing to do more needwill to bring a second battery or hire a battery from a a full day of riding. havebikes a range of At stage this e E CBD and the other a 25 per Bothsite. are Currently there spend more in town. Access to to a wide Cam A Camping encourag A that a most ofwhich are concentrated around developed areas within the reserve Hassans Walls Reserve I Wash Bike Room Change Showers Toil Common supporting increase the willingness for riders to travel to Lithgow. Investment in supporting mountain bike infrastructure is 5.5 mportant

- bike bike bike Charging Stations Charging bike ets ping areas that can accommodate caravan Supporting Infrastructure d join u join wash after the first year of usage, based The development of a toilet, shower and change room block can be considered Change rooms expected to A non traveling to the network. city significant preferable to have toilets at the main trailhead, Are essential in ensuring gender equality at

r e riders to use it.

in in environmentally sensitive ar

camping facilities near the trailhead range of . This is by no means rban areas of Lithgow.

is recommendedis reas reas

- essential luxury for riders - bike char two s . An

Few riders do more than 35

visitors, in main

comme

15 infrastructure includes clude showers. 25 alternate solution are a lux - currently contains ge s minute - 35km when campgrounds

including families. rcial caravan p tations within the reserve at the main trailhead,

ury tha drive south west.

a perfect

fully charged, provid t .

would not be expected at a network of this size. is to is advise riders of near in in the Lith

eas A trail network of this size would not be solution on 92 pest speciesplant ark :

to remove visitation da

s would encourage riders to stay longer and km of mountain biking in a single day. s ,

with one p and motor homes

gow area and

riding destinations. along with educational signage

are not recommended

the may deter some riders from weeds and pathogens. The a value adding exercise that will t

a and rider feed ing construction ositioned , with fees

e - bike

(Lollback et al,2014) by by public toilets in the (not just tents) rs

just north of

ranging from $15

sufficient range for

While isit cost would be back. and sections .

Modern e

the appeal to ,

- -

Page69

example, they should have wide turning should be c prospective new operators to offer shuttles using networktrail beautifully. It should be a priority to A commercially operate 5.7 the network.trail Existing busin of mid moderate demand for a fleet ofentry level mountain andbikes sma Lithgow to ride and families wishing to try the forsport the first time be available to Mountain bike hire is currently no 5.6 basic tool Perm Repair Bike available at b local bike shop. For those w Shuttle serviceShuttle Bike Hire anent - range bikes. s

to perform simple fixes a vandal onstruct oth ess

Stations creat existing es

- resistant bike work areas can be constructed to supply riders with the

ed with features that experience like caravan parks may wi e

d new local business. Bike hire importantis for

campgrounds at

shuttle shuttle service would complement the proposed Hassans W ith e ith

a major failure of their equipment. - bikes staying overnight, t

available anywhere i t the carpark.

cater to the needs ofshutt circles).

extra cost. sh invest in a fleet of hire bikes for use

as well as riders who have trav encourage existing tour busine

minibuses

Lithgow p ow

with bike trailers. ered camp sites are . An opportunity would Initially, there would ll le operators demand for a couples

and Trailheads elled to sses or (for (for fleet o alls

n be

Page70 biking to a brand new range of people, Recent developments in bike technology, namely e are keen and interested to try only a portion of the potential market Australia. This has led to the new enthusiasts already participating in the sp mainstream. Historically, the marketing of mountain bike Mountain biking in Australia is still maturing as a graduallysport, drifting into the 5.8

mountain bike destinations has thrust the sport into the mainstream across Medi benefit Trai presence of the destination before and after opening. Australia. Destination showcases are an effective form of promotion to build a Mountain 5.8.2 relatable,is fun to consume and promote promotion should organic content can be creat high profile account h Can be used to passively promote destinations to their followers. Influencers bike club. managed by images, videos and Often used to promote an area to new followerspotential and provide updates, Social Media Accounts give riders a flavour of what to services and accommodati such as Is a Website 5.8.1 n l l destinations with a strong be a Management

essential Print Digital Media

from print media opportunities l

ocation, access

b ike

Media C

ouncil or resource m agazines minimise scripting and

information on upcoming events

realisation that the olders with values thatclosely

mountain biking a designate

where

points still still have a large audien on ed that can reach vast audiences. . T .

The website should include expect. The website asdoubles a marketing tool. , trail maps, riders can get information about the destination

previously uninterested in the here a is large untapped market ginner ort. However d d group of volunteers in the

(such as newspapers) , but don’t identify as - existing mou intermediate focus s the destination. curation to produce natural content that trail - b ikes ,

descriptions, distances, town recent marketing trails has been aimed as , ce among mountain bikers in

have opened up mountain

. align with the destination, ntain bike These accounts

videos of the trails to

like Lithgow can mountain bike .

sport.

This form of enthusiasts are local local mountain

of people who

By employing campaigns

can be

riders

for ,

Page71

hugely popular and successful. long traditional enduro style round. They know that large park Commercial bike parks normally keep a permanent maintenance crew at hand all year expect Modern mountain bikers expect that trails will be kept in good re 5.9 commencing It is mar Existing businesses set to gain from the development with budgets upward of $1m and higher percentages where arebudgets less than $1m. 5% of capital spend When developing

• • • • • keting keting recommend -

Asset Management term improvements. Bike parks that drive innovation in trail design can become constant upgrades and frequent release of n Rider feedback sections of trail in need of repair. Social media other oftentools, in remote locations. when performing trail maintenance. The work requires use of chainsaws and Work He in line w couple of years. This is an opportunity to make modifications to keep tra It jumps will considerably shrin Large dirt features maintenance issues will help with planning future upgrades. recommended. Good record keeping of level Monitoring of trails: them amateur riders promot Supporting and sponsoring special events at a state or national level will help to 5.8.3 is recommendedis that large built features costs a wider support group ofvisitors to the city. Special Events construction e the trai ith worldwide trends. . ed that

alth alth Safetyand Standards

a new trail network

is recommended

is a is great tool to allow users are

l l network trails. They focus their efforts on contin

a should be sought to help guide future improvements.trail

com always looking for new and work on the project.

take some time to settle and it very is

A monthly schedule prehensive marketing plan

- directly to the targe style features require much more maintenanc k over time, changing the anglesoriginal and shape. , a

. Lower percenta

first

- year

require a minimum crew size of 2 people

d d inspection of all trails and mark

to report fallen trees, branch are re ew and better trails. t users. and pattern coul ges are generally used on project existing eting eting -

be developed prior to shaped and fine d

potential budget of Mountain

uous quality control and destinations, bringing pair pair at all times. They common that berms o of usage

ly ly contribute

between bike bike athletes and

- tuned every ,

and any features is es or il design e than 2.5%

with to

Page72

Ongoing maintenance is crucial to: like any other asset. After the first year, the networktrail will continue to require regu trails (eg fallen trees, lands of closure necessitate and/or riders to danger cause may that arise events Occasionally, Natural processes and rider use will impact the trails over time. Examples include: best design and st trail any of part critical a is maintenance Trail 5.10 • • • • The • • • • • • • • • • •

Trail Maintenance year, meaning vegetation that will need to be pruned. Strong winds are commo S rock management precautions because soils will be too dry to achieve compaction. drainage points Winter drainage. from overhead trees. Autumn moisture allows compaction of soil. Summer 5.10.1 Protect the Council and community asset Reduce legal liability Apply duty of care Extend Ma Keep riders safe Keep the trails open Creation of depressions that collect water. Water damage, especially by extreme weather conditions Encroachment of the Accumulating organic matter such as leaves an usual pring intain brand reputation armoring

climate

trail longevity Seasonal Maintenance R Maintenance Seasonal brings newbrings plant growth and the trail corridor can be encroached by i s a time to keep the corridortrail clear and uncover grade reversals and .

is a is good time for l L

andard will reduce eaf litter accumulates on the trails and large dead branches often fall

pattern or upgrading drainage works). trees and branches need

ready for spring

lips, storms, flood, fire,

trail corridor by growing veget This in in

Lithgow

should is is

arger earthworks because increased ground the best time review usage, wear, e ,

but notbut eliminate

rains. Extensive earthworks should be avoided sees more rainfall in summer than in winte be completed before spring

ecommendations: project. Trails that are constr are that Trails project. to be cleared from the trails

vand

alism, unauthorised modifications). , d d branches

the need for maintenance. ation

All All necessary water lar maintenance, much

(e . rosion and n at this time of g .

extending .

ucted to the to ucted

Page73

Maintenance would be provided by a 2 per ye More trailbasic m pay for a maintenance cost estimate would be approximately $ For netw maintenance bike park project Industry standard maint and skills. Mountain bike maintenancetrail a is specialise compriseshould experienced trail builders with appropriate tools, qualifications costs in the long term and see less visitation from riders. A itself. Trails that are not maintained to a high The maintenance of a mountain bike network asis important as the construction 5.10.2

a networktrail of overall construction cost of$ ork to keep worldit ar. For a

pe Maintenance part r annum - time 10 - aintenance could be provided at a cost of $900 per kilometre

. This is for a full service, including intensive care of high kilometre networktrail the cost would be $ crew of 2 experienced trail builders allplus plan

- cost style gravity features and continual innovations in the trail enance cost usuallyis about 5% of the overall cost of a - class. s

- person crew on a

standard incur greater mainten 550,000 27,500 d d task. casual ,

maintenance crew the full

per year. This would 9,000

basis. -

t equipment. service per year.

- ance

Page74

hardware. pict demand for maintenance and can informalso decisions on new to betrails built based on existing story a Each trail in the network haveshould its own counter to create a data base that tells a either expand the network, or maintain and upgrade the existing one. Kno 5.11 ure of use in the network at a wing usage numbers a is Trail Count bout the network usage. These d

. Data from trai

ers l l counters can be collected

critical n

estimated cost

tool ata can then be to support any future grant applications

monthly $ 1 ,000 per annum, including

used to create a more detail when distributing funding

to ed

Page75 in 14 weeks With th Two of construction A Team Leader with events A variety of influences could affect the construction timeline. Bushfi l slower that a typical mountain bike trail construction project due to the rockiness of the Wall estimatedIt is that TrailConstruction 6 Estimated Timeline andscape. s Reserve ree crews working could could delay progress. these

(given no unexpected delays).

crew. crew

w ould

construction productivity in the type of terrain encountered in the Hassans

could could construct the proposed networktrail in approximately 20 weeks two be

approximatel experience

simultaneousl

y 250 metres per week per construction team. trail builders plus a excavatormini form a standard y

n different trail S ee example of construction Gantt s,

the trail network could be completed res and extreme weather

Chart

This is below. .

Page76 7

Project Project Construction Cost prevent trampling. alignments will av following cost enviro the project progression, we propose to seek the Hassans Wall Reserve (fig. 1). The Managed Use Bushland Zone, avoiding the Conservation Zones (green) in the Hassans Wall Zoning Scheme. All n Note that in terms ofEnvironmental Sustainability, t and dense woodland, remote access or extensive earthworks). Construction Difficulty Rating 5 major vegetation clearing). Construction Difficulty Rating 1 is the easi density. The difficulty rating trails. Hand direct relationship between IMBA and standard multiple swi and time be andquick easy to construct if the terrain is conducive. IMBA standard does not denote 7 .1 Trail Construction Cost

- built trails are labour intensive and take longer to complete than machine nmental consultant.

- consuming to construct if the terrain is steep, has dense ve tchback turns, crosses wet areas or is remote from road access. There nois ing ing overview section. oid sensitive habitat, which can be

is is proportional to the steepness of the terrain and the vegetation Any costs associated with h this

As is is the most difficult (steepest ease or difficulty of construction. A green circle trail may

part of the follow However, ew proposed

est (very shallow benching required and no as mentioned prev

construction cost.

assist mountain bike trails should be

up rail rail construction constrainedis by the

isolated during trail construc

convers ance from an appropriate Alternatively, mayit be difficult as

terrain, hand build, rocky not been allowed for in the ation ation and next stages of

iously,

getation, requires all proposed -

buil within tion tion to t t rail

Page77 Rating Difficulty Construction 2.5 1.5 0.5 4.5 3.5 5 4 3 2 1

earthworks and will be machine built *

some flow/jump/park style trails in this category (eg G6)trail require significant deep

7 slope above 45% Construction Most Difficult 40 Const More Difficult 35 Construction Difficult 30 Construction Difficult 25 Construction Moderate 20 Construction Moderate 15 Construction Moderate 10 Construction Easy 5 Construction Easy up to 5% slope Constructi Easiest .2 - 10% slope ------Difficulty 45% slope 40% slope 35% slope 30% slope 25% slope 20% slope 15% slope Construction Difficulty and Cost Matrix Guideline Terrain

ruction on,

or double width Trail width >900mm or h heavy Deepest Benching (>900mm). Remote, armouring, or double width Trail width >900mm, or heavy rock trees.big Remote Deep bench or double width Trail width >900mm or rocky, rock armouring trees.big Remote Deep benching (<700mm), dense vegetation, armouring Trail width >900mm or rocky, some rock vegetation, trees. Remote Deep benching (<600mm), denser armouring Trail width <900mm, rocky, some rock vegetation, tr Moderate benching armouring Trail width <900mm, bigger rocks, no vegetation, Moderate benching (<400mm) average armouring. Trail width <600m, s vegetation Shallow benching (<300mm), some Trail width <600mm, no rock armouring vegetation Shallow benching (<200mm), some Trail rocks or obstacles, Sporadic benching, no major vegetation, repairs to drainage and re vegetation to clear, using existing trail, No major exc

width <600mm thick thick veg General Description General

or double

ing ing (<800mm), Thick vegetation, ees avation required, light

etation

(<500mm), denser mall rocks, no width

eavy rock armouring

establish out slope

Machi Machine Machine Machine build or Hand Machine * build Hand * build Hand Machine some build Hand build and Ha Machine build Hand and Machine build hand Some Machine

ne nd

$2 $ $1 $1 Metre Cost per $5 $ $4 $ $3 $ 20 50 40 30 5 5 2 5 5 5

Page78

Alternatively, Duragal steel bridges can be constructed. taller than 1,500 mm will requi They can be pre Tasmania standards using treated pine and a deck of FRP (Fibre Reinforced Plastic). Bridges a from the trail contour or larger amounts imported to the site. Similarly, where trail surfacing required,is small amounts of material can be sourced transported Alternatively, rocks can be imported f importing pathogens and weeds to the area and greatly reduce the construction cost. be Rock armouring materials can normally be sourced from the elevated track, bridges or placing of adequate surface material. Trail construction over wet areas and creeks will require extensive rock armouring, variations prior to commen and availability of construction materials. It notis feasi Cost of such works depends on factors such as trail width, remoteness of the location Individua 7 .3 Construction transported with • • • • • • • •

retaining structures for unstable terrain. special trail head featur wood or metal barriers surfacingtrail bridges elevated structures to pass wet or protected areas Importation of materials for remote area rock armouring l l trails may require optional a nd elevated trail sections are

with power carri

- built and then installed on site, reducing debris and pollution. Bridges power carriers for short distances. This will reduce the risk of

structures such as for jumps or Cost cing a project. ers (or by helicopter in more remote locations). re side railings. Variances es

ro dditional works. Examples include: typically constru m a certified

patho ble ble to accurately price possall drops cted to Parks and Wildlife Service

gen

trail construction area and - free quarry and

ible

Page79 TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL FRP Bridges Green Loop

Armouring Drainage Cul Access Gravity Rock Area Exit

verts

Hassans Walls Trail Construction C Construction Trail Walls Hassans vari Cost Expected ( estimate 7

based on thetrail on constructionbaseddifficulty table .4 Loop Beginner Descent Black Desc Blue Descent Green Climb Green Reference plans in constructed Fibre Turnpike construction and from the existing site. expectedIt is that the rock material will be sourced

Trail Name Proposed Hassans WallsTrail ent R

einforced

to Parks and Wildlife Standards, Network exit Family loop and with options Pony Express B Technical with A Super Flow (walk) Dual Direction Dual Use

) P Lines

lastic Trail note

Trail notes

(1,200mm wide)

pipes

ances -

Black Bl Green Green Blue TDRS

throughout the network the throughout

Network construction cost 1,182 1,600 2,000 3,316 1,500 Distance Distance (metres) (metres) ( see see 9,598 )

Cons difficulty 0

Expected Distance ost ost 1,000m Metres truction 500m 25m 3.5 4.5 3.5 -

5 4 4

(exc

548,830

Total

Cost Cost Per l Cost Cost Per

Metre GST) Metre $950 $

$ $45 $4 $ $40 $ 140

40 50

( (exc (exc incl incl Total $ $ Total $ Total $ 603,713 435,080 l 113,750 GST) l

$ $ $ $ 165,800

$23,750 $ $ GST) GST) 60,000 47,280 72,000 90,000 20,000 70,000

Page80 TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

Trail Network Tr Media Media Management

Trail Maintenance ail ail Project Launch Trail Counters Trail Management

Bu Delivery ilding 7.8 Trail 7 7 Signage .6 Trail Network Estimated Ongo .5 Network Other

Project Project

uilding and s Entertainment Guaranteed: l execution strategic pr enga E use of the trail network Design Data management and maintenance Basic trail maintenance Events, (3)Maps. (18)Totems

upport component xecut gement, (2) Sign ion of D

and implementation of strategy to maximise the Website, Social Media evelopment Cost

(incl. $5K media buy L omotional campaign development and

aunc the aunch event delivered by Rocky Trail , proposed Fox Su trail lau h

P age design and installation, (

roject - nch incl. casual crew or local club ing Cost

, Films

for launch M perflow race event (1) community

agement Cost (est. )

p.a.) -

(exc (exc (exc T Total Total otal l l l

GST) GST) GST) $ $ $ $ $ 5 10,000 25,000

$5,000 50 $ $ 20,000 $ 5 1,000 9,000 5,000 ,000

,000

Page81 training training for local and regional key players. projects through execution processes of their master plans. We see We develop agile business models that support destinations throughout the implementation and overlooked and u bring together both the hard and soft infrastructure requirements (sof We deliver a sustained economic benefit through Trail infrastructure and NBT experiences. We integrated local c Destination, we firmly believe nothing enables a destination’s agility more, that an engaged and competitive ma apparent to be unsustainable and ineffective. building a promotional persona and then entering the further funding/promo cycle We know fr competitive to attract visitors, generate socio With increasing investment in trail infrastructure globally, new NBT destinations need to be here nature based tourism (NBT) principle de We envisag and strengthened by the new City Council can harness the nature and present an Th would comp outlining the potential and deliverables to produce a recomme We would like to propose a continued timeline beyond the completion of this project. opportunities in Lithgow City Council. We are excited about the prospects of this project. expansion of nature In conclusion we believe that the project deliverables will present a strong case for the 8

sti is Outloo

nation development and marketing strategies proposed is anis outline 8. consultan nded ne 1 om our experienc

e presenting a Project potential: Phase 2 and beyond lement Our approach Our trail destination and Tourism trends k re

rket and only getting moreso. ‘Hard Infrastructure’ notis enough. At Rocky Trail o

utline verse from start to finish

ommunity. At Rocky Trail Destination, we c nderestimated) fo xt step, Rocky Tr of the potential and our and Next Stageand DevelopmentalNext cy

and add to existing and ong based and t

to grow

of our brief would

s aster plan

e that the modelold of grant funding, engaging a media blast, approach as well as a quote to implement ector mountain economic development and encoura

rail ail Destinationail propose . be based on this r sustained success of a destination and economy. its - - – The ultimate goal to is establish L based activities and the growth pot based tourism potent

from strategy development to professional on the job for Lithgow Council City

bik team

e tr - NBT and Trail Destinations are in a fierce economic opp ail network.ail ’ s oing tou particular stre to app trail and tourismtrail destination development

Mountain Bike Trail Development Strategy “ Lithgow Trail Town Masterplan rism rism destination strategies

oint s to provide a R

ial of ial the region, ortunities and be sustainable. all thisall the ‘Sof

Rocky Trail Destination ngths complementa

ge active recreation :

t infrastructure oftenis ithgow as a ential for tourism a strategy

everse Service

wh t Infrastructure’. ry to existing ich will be ‘

trail trail . how Lithgow is nowis

”

As the , which as t town ly ly

in in the

fueled

Brief he

’

–

Page82 We are excited at the prospect of Natu stakeholder management and the reali of a sustained, robust local economic uplift, through new Rocky Trail Destination exists to in recalibrate priorities, resources and efforts for a truly platform for all stakeholders, not only that providesbut tracking and score c achieve holistic stakeholder engagement. T As part ofthe Soft Infrastructure deliverable we have developed a specifi We can help in all aspects oftrails planning including: Destination Stewardship. Zealand and North America Through taking the best in contemporary and proven models from Australia • • • • • • re Based Tourism.

Cycleway planning Rail Trail redevelopment MTB, trekking and ebike specific strategies Integrated shar Trail and NBT Destination plann Trail infrastructure feasibility and ROI (Economic benefits ass ed use planningtrail intra

we bring these tog

continuing to deliver our services tegrate the build of a destination with the ongoing local impact sation of a social dividend through natural assets and ing

his modelhis provides a deployable coordination ether to provide Trail Stewardship integrated with - region

cohesive destination.

industry, communityindustry, pride, integrated

to the Lithgow community. essment) c methodology to

, Europe, New arding arding can help

Page83 FRP (Fibre Reenforced Plastic), Parks and Wildlife Service Standards Standards Service Wildlife and Parks Plastic), Reenforced (Fibre FRP Pröbstl “Omeo Mountain Bike Desti “Lithgow “Lithgow Climate: Average Temperature, Weather by Month, Lithgow Weather Averages “Hass “Arrive

ans Walls Reserve Plan of Management .pdf.” n.d. Accessed September 7, 2 - - 567 for Multi “Mountain Bike Tourism in Austria and the Alpine Region 78de1deb0674/5_3_1 https://www.eastgippsland. REDS.pdf. https://www.dpc.nsw.gov.au/assets/dpc data.org/oceania/australia/new Climate http://archive.lithgow.nsw.gov.au/agendas/17/0717/ITEM 23e359576db6/files/arrive https:/ Clean Haider, Ulrike, Dagmar Lund Refe - REDS.pdf.” n.d. Accessed Se – 82. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1361428. /www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/773abcad - Leave - - Data.org.” n.d. Accessed S rences Stakeholder Product Develop

- Clean.pdf.” n.d. Accessed September 8, 2020. nation.pdf.” n.d. Accessed September 8, 2020.

_App_Omeo_Mountain_Bike_Destination.pdf. - vic.gov.au/files/a3004cbd clean - Durlacher, Hannes Antonschmidt, and Claudia Hödl - sout ptember 7, 2020. - leave eptember 7, 2020. https://en.climate h - wales/lithgow - ment.” clean.pdf. - nsw - gov Journal of Sustainable Tourism Sustainable of Journal -

au/REDS/f917ad6ecd/Lithgow

- 1199/. - e249 9.pdf. –

4406

toward

- 9323 - s a Sustainable Model 39a8

- - - 469f 020. -

26 (4): 8d97 - . 2018. -

Page84

TDRS TDRS SFAZ REDS MTB IMBA HWPoM CTMBC CRC B ATG A AHIMS - - line line 10

Abbrev Trail StrategicFire Advantage Zone Regional Economic Development Strategy Mountain Bike, Mountain Biking, Mountain Inte Hassans Wall Plan of Management Central Tablelands Mountain Bike Climb Alternativeto Average Trail Gradient Challenging route/trail section Aboriginal Heritage Information Management rnational Mountain BikeAssociation standards Difficulty Rating System - Rest iations

- Climb challenging route/trail section

Club

Biker

System

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11 Trail signage exa

Attachments mples Stromlo Forest Park, ACT

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