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Sebacina Aureomagnifica, a New Heterobasidiomycete from the Atlantic Forest of Northeast Brazil

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Sebacina Aureomagnifica, a New Heterobasidiomycete from the Atlantic Forest of Northeast Brazil Mycol Progress (2015) 14:109 DOI 10.1007/s11557-015-1132-1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sebacina aureomagnifica, a new heterobasidiomycete from the Atlantic Forest of northeast Brazil 1 2 3 4 Felipe Wartchow & Marcelo A. Sulzbacher & Marc-Andre Selosse & Tine Grebenc & 5 6,7 1 6 M. Catherine Aime & Mariana C. A. Sá & Felipe G. B. Pinheiro & Iuri G. Baseia & Clark L. Ovrebo8 Received: 7 August 2015 /Revised: 8 October 2015 /Accepted: 12 October 2015 # German Mycological Society and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 Abstract Sebacina aureomagnifica is described as a new a resupinate fungus with tremelloid (i.e. longitudinally sep- species based on collections from the Atlantic Forest of tate) basidia (Tulasne and Tulasne 1873), the generic concept Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, in northeastern Brazil, has undergone numerous changes. McGuire (1941) prepared and is molecularly attributed to the genus Sebacina based on an extensive macro- and microscopic overview of North its ribosomal DNA sequence. A striking feature of this newly American taxa and established presence/absence of cystidia described fungus is the production of erect, gelatinous yellow for infrageneric classification and reported clamp connections basidiomes growing epigeously. in several taxa; Ervin (1957) re-organized Sebacina restricting this genus to species with tough-coriaceous to gelatinous Keywords Neotropics . Sebacinaceae . Sebacinales . basidiomes, lack of clamp connections and cystidia; Taxonomy Oberwinkler (1963) continued to place taxa with clamp con- nections into Sebacina; later, Wells and Oberwinkler (1982) described the family Sebacinaceae in the Tremellales for spe- Introduction cies with exidioid basidia without clamp connections through- out the basidiomata and thickened tramal hyphae walls. Final- Sebacina s.l. has a rich and interesting taxonomic history ly, monophyly of the group was established molecularly by (Oberwinkler et al. 2013). Since Sebacina s. str. Tul. & C. Weiß and Oberwinkler (2001), who excluded them from Tul. was erected to accommodate Corticium incrustans Pers., Tremellales. As a result, the order Sebacinales was erected Section Editor: Franz Oberwinkler Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11557-015-1132-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Felipe Wartchow 4 Slovenian Forestry Institute Večna pot 2, [email protected] SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 5 Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 West State St., 47907-2054 West Lafayette, IN, USA 1 Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP 58051-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil 6 Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do 2 Departamento de Micologia/CCB, Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP Fungos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Morais 59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil Rego, 1235, CEP 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil 7 CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, CEP 3 Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB - UMR 70040-020 Brasília, DF, Brazil 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum National d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP50, 8 Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, 75005 Paris, France 73034 Edmond, OK, USA 109 Page 2 of 7 Mycol Progress (2015) 14:109 by Weiß et al. (2004). Currently, the following genera are Materials and methods placed in Sebacinales: Craterocolla Bref., Ditangium P. Karst., Efibulobasidium K. Wells, Piriformospora Sav. Collection sites Verma, Aj. Varma, Rexer, G. Kost & P. Franken, Sebacina, Serendipita P. Roberts, Tremellodendron G.F. Atk., The Parque Estadual das Dunas municipality of Natal (5°48' Tremelloscypha D.A. Reid, and Tremellostereum Ryvarden S-5°43' S and 35°09' W-35°12' W) is a Brestinga^ forest in the (Weiß and Oberwinkler 2001;Selosseetal.2002;Weiß State of Rio Grande do Norte, northeast Brazil (Almeida et al. et al. 2004; Kirk et al. 2008; Oberwinkler et al. 2013). The 2006). The area contains elements of Atlantic Forest mixed most recent studies combining molecular and morphological with some species in common with Caatinga and Coastal Ta- data synonymized Tremellodendron with Sebacina s.str. and bleland, where species of Leguminosae, Myrtaceae, Poaceae, described three new genera Paulisebacina Oberw., Garnica & Asteraceae, and Euphorbiaceae predominate (Freire 1990). K. Riess, Globulisebacina Oberw., Garnica & K. Riess, and The Reserva Biológica (REBio) Guaribas is an Atlantic Forest Helvellosebacina Oberw., Garnica & K. Riess (Oberwinkler protected area comprising 4029 ha, with 629 species of vas- et al. 2014). In this new sense, Sebacina s.str. is characterized cular plants, from which the most diverse are Fabaceae (all by resupinate to erect coralloid basidiomes and hymenia with subfamilies), Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae, Asteraceae, dikaryophyses. At present, Sebacina encompasses about 16 Malvaceae, Melastomataceae, and Myrtaceae (Barbosa et al. described species compiled from Kirk et al. (2008) and the 2011). The Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) recently described taxa by Moyersoen and Weiß (2014) and Mata Estrela (6°22'59" S and 35°01'20" W), located in the Oberwinkler et al. (2014). municipality of Baia Formosa, in the State of Rio Grande do Sebacinales species are hitherto very rarely recorded from Norte, is the largest fragment of Atlantic Forest of this state, South America. The first cited name was Sebacina hirneoloides with 2039 ha with arborous trees predominant on a restinga Pat. from Ecuador (Patouillard and Lagerheim 1893), but trans- forest. Recent studies revealed several woody vascular plants ferred to Heterochaete Pat. by Wells (1969). In Brazil, fungi belonging to Leguminosae and Myrtaceae at this site with septate basidia studied by Möller (1895)didnotreferto (Dionísio et al. 2010; Lourenço and Barbosa 2012). the modern-day Sebacinales. To date, the only name known from this country is S. stratosa (Viégas) L.S. Olive [= Morphological studies Seismosarca stratosa Viégas] from São Paulo (Viégas 1945), but due to the presence of gloeocystidia it is likely this species Microscopic observations were made from material mounted belongs to Bourdotia in Auriculariales (Weiß and Oberwinkler in 3 % KOH and Congo red solutions and Melzer’s reagent. 2001). Other records from South America are scarce: de Meijer Presentation of basidiospore data follows the methodology (2001, 2006)reportedanunidentifiedSebacina from Paraná proposed by Tulloss et al. (1992), slightly modified by (South Brazil); Sebacina incrustans (Pers.: Fr.) Tul., S. ocreata Wartchow (2012) and Wartchow et al. (2012). Measurements (Berk.) Oberw., Garnica & K. Riess [= Tremellodendron and statistics are based on 30 spores. Abbreviations include ocreatum (Berk.) P. Roberts] and another undetermined species L(W)=average basidiospore length (width), Q=the have been found in the Guiana Shield (Henkel et al. 2004, length:width ratio range as determined from all measured ba- 2012), and more recently Moyersoen and Weiß (2014) de- sidiospores, and Qm=averaged of the Q values from all ba- scribed S. guayanensis B. Moyersoen & M. Weiß and sidiospores measured. Color codes are based on K – Kelly S. tomentosa B. Moyersoen & M. Weiß from ectomycorrhizal (1965) and KW – Kornerup and Wansher (1978). The holo- roots formed by these fungi and their DNA barcode without type is deposited at JPB, with isotype at CSU (Thiers, recording and characterizing basidiomes. These South Ameri- continuously updated) and at Herbarium of the Universidade can species form ectomycorrhizas with Pakaraimaea Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN-Fungos). dipterocarpaceae from Venezuela (Moyersoen 2006;Becerra and Zak 2011;MoyersoenandWeiß2014); Coccoloba, Molecular studies Guapira and Neea in Ecuadorian Amazon (Tedersoo et al. 2010a); Dicymbe species in Guyana (Henkel et al. 2004, DNA was extracted from fresh specimens (Table 1) using a 2012); and Aldina spp. from Guyana and Venezuela (Smith DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) following et al. 2011;MoyersoenandWeiß2014). the manufacturer’s instructions. Were amplified the complete The current study is a continuation of the mycota sur- internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, including the 5.8S veys of the BReserva Biológica de Guaribas^ and the rDNA. PCRs were performed as following: 1.0 μL DNA; BParque Estadual das Dunas^ projects, both regions of 2.5 μL PCR buffer 10×; 3.0 μL dNTPs (1.5 mM); 2.0 μL Atlantic Forest rich in fungal diversity. Herein, we de- MgCl2 (20 mM); 3.0 μL of each primer (25 pmol); 0.5 U scribe an unusual new Sebacina species from Paraíba Taq polymerase (5 U μL−1); and 10.5 μL ultrapure water. and Rio Grande do Norte states (Brazil). PCR conditions followed previously published protocols for Mycol Progress (2015) 14:109 Page 3 of 7 109 selected primers or were modified for amplification of ITS edited. Maximum likelihood analyses were conducted using (Grebenc et al. 2009). For obtaining the 5’ part of the 28S RAxML-HPC2 v.8.1.24 in CIPRES Science Gateway v.3.3 sequence, PCR was performed using primers ITS3seb and (http://www.phylo.org/sub_sections/portal/), using standard TW13 that amplify the fungal a part of ITS plus the 5' part parameters and the -k option for bootstrap analyses. of the 28S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), as in Selosse et al. (2008). Prior to sequencing, products were cleaned
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