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U.S.–ISLAMIC WORLD FORUM Doha, Qatar • February 16-18, 2008 SABAN CENTER at BROOKINGS the Brookings Project on U.S

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U.S.–ISLAMIC WORLD FORUM Doha, Qatar • February 16-18, 2008 SABAN CENTER at BROOKINGS the Brookings Project on U.S U.S.–ISLAMIC WORLD FORUM at Brookings 2008 U.S.–ISLAMIC WORLD FORUM 2008WORLD U.S.–ISLAMIC DOHA, QATAR Doha, Qatar • 16-18, 2008 February The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World S ABAN C ENTER AT NEW DIRECTIONS 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, NW February 16-18, 2008 Washington, DC 20036 B Phone: 202-797-6462, Fax: 202-797-2481 ROOKINGS The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World www.brookings.edu/sabancenter U.S.–ISLAMIC WORLD FORUM DOHA, QATAR February 16-18, 2008 NEW DIRECTIONS at Brookings THE BROOKINGS PROJECT ON U.S. RELATIONS WITH THE ISLAMIC WORLD THE SABAN CENTER FOR MIDDLE EAST POLICY 1 “America’s next leader will have a chance to alter the tone and substance of U.S. foreign policy in ways that could enhance mutual confi dence between my country and the Muslim world.” —Madeleine K. Albright 2 2008 DOHA FORUM PROCEEDINGS – NEW DIRECTIONS Table of Contents Note from the Forum Organizers . .4 T ASK FORCE SUMMARIES Program of Events . .6 Governance Dialogue: . .40 Reform in the Muslim World: K EYNOTE ADDRESSES The Role of Islamists and Outside Powers H.E. Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim Bin Jabr Al Thani . .10 Human Development Dialogue: . .42 Prime Minister and Human Development in the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Muslim World State of Qatar Security Dialogue: A Strategic . .44 H.E. Hamid Karzai . .12 Look at U.S.-Muslim World Relations President, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan I NITIATIVE WORKSHOP SUMMARIES The Honorable Madeleine K. Albright . .16 Arts and Culture Leaders . .48 Former Secretary of State, Mightier than the Sword: The Arts as a United States Bridge between the United States and the Muslim World H.E. Ali Babacan . .20 Minister of Foreign Affairs, Muslim Minority Leaders . .50 Republic of Turkey Identity and Authenticity in the West Ambassador Zalmay Khalilzad . .24 Science and Technology Leaders . .52 U.S. Permanent Representative to the Building Knowledge Societies United Nations C ONCLUSION R OUNDTABLE SUMMARIES Press Coverage of the U.S.-Islamic . .54 World Forum U.S.-Islamic World Opinion: . .28 Latest Findings of How We Participants . .56 See Each Other About the U.S.-Islamic World Forum . .93 Addressing the Confl icts that Divide Us . .32 About the Brookings Project on . 94 U.S. Relations with the Islamic World Looking Ahead: A Muslim World Perspective . .36 About the Saban Center for . .95 Middle East Policy ‘08 Candidates’ Foreign Policy Agendas . .38 THE SABAN CENTER FOR MIDDLE EAST POLICY 3 A Note from the Forum Organizers STEERING COMMITTEE MARTIN INDYK Director Saban Center at Brookings CARLOS E. PASCUAL Director, Foreign Policy Studies The Brookings Institution SHIBLEY TELHAMI Anwar Sadat Chair University of Maryland PETER W. SINGER Senior Fellow, Director 21st Century Defense Initiative BRUCE RIEDEL Senior Fellow Saban Center at Brookings STEPHEN R. GRAND Director Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World HADY AMR Director Brookings Doha Center THE U.S.-ISLAMIC WORLD FORUM held in Doha, Qatar, brings together annually key leaders in the fi elds of politics, business, media, academia, and civil society from across the Muslim world and the United States. Th e Forum seeks to address the critical issues dividing the United States and the Muslim world by providing a unique platform for frank dialogue, learning, and the development of positive partnerships between key leaders and opinion shapers from both sides. It includes plenary sessions; smaller task force discussions focused on key thematic issues like governance, hu- man development, and security; and initiative workshops that bring practitioners from similar fi elds together to identify concrete actions they might jointly undertake. Th e theme of this year’s Forum was “New Directions,” as 2008 presents, for both the United States and the Muslim world, an opportunity to chart a new path in their relationship. Opened by H.E. Hamad bin Jassim bin Jabr Al-Th ani, Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of the State of Qatar, the Forum featured keynote addresses by Afghan President Hamid Karzai, former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright, Turkish Foreign Minister Ali Babacan, and U.N. Ambassador Zalmay Khalilzad. Plenary sessions focusing on various aspects of the future of U.S.-Muslim world relations included such luminaries as Admiral William J. Fallon, Chairperson of the African Union Commission Alpha Oumar Konaré, Palestinian chief negotiator Saeb Erakat, Egyptian televangelist Amr Khaled, Muhammadiyah chairman M. Din Syamusuddin, Time columnist Joe Klein, former Palestinian Foreign Minister Ziad Abu Amr, Senator Evan Bayh (D-Indiana), former National Security Advisor Sandy Berger, former Assistant Secretary of State Susan Rice, Council on Foreign Relations President Richard Haass, and former Assistant Secretary of Defense Peter Rodman. At this year’s Forum, we detected a marked change in tone from previous years—a sense that with the upcoming change in U.S. administrations and new political developments on a number of fronts, there was an opportunity for both the United States and the Muslim world to turn the page and write a new chapter in our mutual relations. Th e Doha Forum Proceedings provide a brief summary of this year’s forum and a testament to the opportunity for renewed debates. In addition, our new Doha Discussion Papers series, published specifi cally for the Forum’s three task forces and edited and compiled into separate volumes, will off er a deeper insight into the major themes and issues de- bated at the Forum. On behalf of the conveners and the entire Saban Center at Brookings, we would like to express our deep appreciation to H.R.H. Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al-Th ani, the Emir of the State of Qatar, for making it possible to convene this assemblage of leaders from across the Muslim world and the United States, as well as H.E. Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim Bin Jabr Al-Th ani, for his support and participation. We are also appreciative of the support of H.E. Mohammed Abdullah Mutib Al-Rumaihi, Foreign Minister’s Assistant for Follow Up Aff airs; Abdulla Rahman Fakhroo, Executive Director of the Permanent Committee for Organizing Conferences; Malik Esufj i, Director of Protocol, and the entire Ministry of Foreign Aff airs and Saban Center staff for their roles in ensuring the successful planning and operation of the meeting. Finally, we would like to thank Hady Amr, Peter W. Singer and Shibley Telhami for convening the Task Forces, as well as Neeraj Malhotra for his hard work in editing and compiling this volume. Sincerely, Ambassador Martin Indyk Dr. Stephen R. Grand Director Fellow and Director Saban Center at Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World THE SABAN CENTER FOR MIDDLE EAST POLICY 5 Program of Events 6 2008 DOHA FORUM PROCEEDINGS – NEW DIRECTIONS Zalmay Khalilzad, U.S. Permanent Saturday, February 16 Representative to the United Nations 9:00 AM Registration 8:00 PM Dinner and Roundtable: Addressing the 12:30 PM Welcome Luncheon Confl icts that Divide Us* 1:30 PM U.S. and Islamic World Opinion: Latest MODERATOR: Mithat Bereket, Senior Corre- Findings of How We See Each Other* spondent, CNN Turk TV, Turkey MODERATOR: Shibley Telhami, Anwar Sadat PANELISTS: Saeb Erakat, Chief Negotiator, Chair for Peace and Development, University Palestinian Authority, Palestine of Maryland, United States Adm. William J. Fallon, Former Commander, PANELISTS: Steven Kull, Director, Program on U.S. Central Command, United States International Policy Attitudes, United States Alpha Oumar Konaré, Chairperson, African Dalia Mogahed, Executive Director, Center Union Commission, Mali for Muslim Studies, Th e Gallup Organization, United States Sunday, February 17 Khalil Shikaki, Director, Palestinian Center for 9:00 AM Task Forces: Session One Policy and Survey Research, Palestine Governance Dialogue – The Infl uence of 3:00 PM Press Briefi ng: Goals of the U.S.- External Actors on Political Reform Islamic World Forum* CONVENER: Shibley Telhami, Anwar Sadat SPEAKERS: Mohammed Abdullah Mutib Chair for Peace and Development, University Al-Rumaihi, Assistant Foreign Minister for of Maryland, United States Follow-Up Aff airs, Ministry of Foreign Aff airs, State of Qatar PRESENTERS: Jason Brownlee, Assistant Professor of Government, University of Texas at Austin, Stephen R. Grand, Fellow and Director, United States Brookings’ Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World, United States Saad Eddin Ibrahim, Chairman, Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies, Egypt 6:00 PM Welcome Reception Rami G. Khouri, Director, Issam Fares Institute 6:30 PM Opening Plenary* for Public Policy and International Aff airs, WELCOMING REMARKS: Martin Indyk, Direc- Lebanon tor, Saban Center at Brookings, United States Stephen D. Krasner, Professor of Political KEYNOTE ADDRESSES: Hamad bin Jassim bin Science, Stanford University, United States Jabr Al Th ani, Prime Minister and Minister of Human Development Dialogue – Joint Foreign Aff airs, State of Qatar Development and Common Security Hamid Karzai, President, Islamic Republic of CONVENER: Hady Amr, Fellow and Direc- Afghanistan tor, Saban Center at Brookings Doha Center, 7:00 PM New Directions: The Opportunities and United States Challenges Ahead in the U.S.-Muslim PRESENTERS: Hala Bsaisu Lattouf, Minister of World Relationship* Social Development, Hashemite Kingdom of MODERATOR: Martin Indyk, Director, Saban Jordan Center at Brookings, United States Francis Fukuyama, Professor of International KEYNOTE PANEL: Madeleine K. Albright, Political Economy, Paul H. Nitze School of Former Secretary of State, United States Advanced International Studies (SAIS), United States Ali Babacan, Minister of Foreign Aff airs, Republic of Turkey * Denotes sessions open to the media THE SABAN CENTER FOR MIDDLE EAST POLICY 7 Security Dialogue – A Strategic Look at 3:30 PM Coffee Break U.S.-Muslim World Security Relations 4:00 PM Initiative Workshops: Session One CONVENER: Peter W. Singer, Senior Fellow and Director, 21st Century Defense Initiative, Th e Arts and Culture Leaders – Mightier than Brookings Institution, United States the Sword: The Arts as a Bridge between the United States and the Muslim World PRESENTERS: M.J.
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