English Civil War Timeline 1639 - 1646

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Edgehill_Timeline_HR.pdf 1 23/06/2015 14:41 English Civil War Timeline 1639 - 1646 1639 1640 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1649 First February 23rd August October 22nd November 4th Second January 4th June 18th September 20th June 29th January 6th March 21st January 13th C Bishops' Queen Henrietta Maria King Charles raises his King holds council King occupies Reading M Bishops' King's attempt Battle of First Battle of Battle of Committee of both Battle of Stow-on-the-Wold. King Charles 1st Y war war leaves England for standard at Nottingham of war at Edgecote CM Newbury to arrest 5 MPs Holland to pawn her and war commences Chalgrove Field Cropredy Bridge Kingdoms order the The last pitched battle of Executed MY in House of creation of the New the First Civil War. CY jewellery for arms CMY Commons fails Model Army K A victory for the New Model Army July 3rd August 23rd October 23rd November 7th July 13th July 2nd June 14th May 5th January 31st Sir John Hotham King appoints his Battle of Southam. Battle of Edgehill Essex army reaches King Charles and Battle of Marston Moor Battle of Naseby Charles surrenders to a secures Hull Generals the Earl of First sizeable encounter of London Queen Henrietta met Scottish Army at Southwell for Parliament Lindsay and Prince Rupert Royalist and Parliament forces in the fields below Edgehill Nottinghamshire Edgehill Medal struck to commemorate February 17th July 15th September 23rd October 24th December 9th Battle of Edgehill October 27th Prince Rupert Parliament appoints the Royalist win skirmish at Forces withdraw. King's army goes in to Second Battle of Newbury lands at Dover Earl of Essex to be its Powick Bridge Essex to Warwick. winter quarters around to join the King General Oxford King to take Banbury..

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The Kingsmill Memorial, Radway and the English Civil
On Sunday 23rd October 1642, the first formal battle of the English Civil War took place on Radway ground between Edgehill and Kineton. The battle was unplanned. The Royalist and Parliamentarian armies were both on their way to London when they found themselves in close proximity to each other and Charles I decided to force a confrontation. The quiet villages around Avon Dassett were suddenly and bloodily confronted with the full horrors of a war which pitched neighbours and families against one another. The Parliamentarians were based in Kineton, whilst the Royal family were billeted in Wormleighton Manor. Thus Avon Dassett was en route to the battle site and was probably used to billet soldiers and horses. Cannon balls and lead shot are still being discovered in the village. For one Hampshire family, the Battle of Edgehill brought tragedy. Henry, the second son of Sir Henry and Lady Bridget Kingsmill was killed by a cannon ball on the field of battle. Bridget had been widowed 18 years before Edgehill and had thus assumed control of the family’s land and wealth. The tomb of Sir Henry and Lady Bridget Kingsmill in Kingsclere Church (erected in the same year as the Kingsmill Memorial at Radway) Bridget Kingsmill was determined that Henry’s death should be remembered. In 1670, ten years after the Restoration of Charles II and two years before her own death she erected a memorial in Radway Church to commemorate her son’s sacrifice. HERE LYETH EXPECTING THE SECOND COMING OF OUR LORD AND SAVIOUR HENRY KINGSMILL ESQ. SECOND SON OF HENRY KINGSMILL OF SIMONTON IN YE COUNTY OF SOUTHERN KENT WHO SERVING AS A CAPTAIN OF FOOT UNDER HIS MAJESTYCHARLES 1st OF BLESSED MEMORY WAS AT YE BATTLE OF EDGEHILL IN YE YEARE OF OUR LORD 1642 AS HE WAS MANFULLY FIGHTING ON BEHALF OF HIS KING AND COUNTRY UNHAPPILY SLAIN BY CANNON BULLET IN MEMORY OF WHOM HIS MOTHER THE LADY BRIDGET KINGSMILL DID IN THE 46TH YEARE OF HER WIDOWHOOD IN THE YEARE OF OUR LORD 1670 ERECTED THIS MONUMENT.
[Show full text]
Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY Governor John Blackwell: His Life in England and Ireland OHN BLACKWELL is best known to American readers as an early governor of Pennsylvania, the most recent account of his J governorship having been published in this Magazine in 1950. Little, however, has been written about his services to the Common- wealth government, first as one of Oliver Cromwell's trusted cavalry officers and, subsequently, as his Treasurer at War, a position of considerable importance and responsibility.1 John Blackwell was born in 1624,2 the eldest son of John Black- well, Sr., who exercised considerable influence on his son's upbringing and activities. John Blackwell, Sr., Grocer to King Charles I, was a wealthy London merchant who lived in the City and had a country house at Mortlake, on the outskirts of London.3 In 1640, when the 1 Nicholas B. Wainwright, "Governor John Blackwell," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography (PMHB), LXXIV (1950), 457-472.I am indebted to Professor Wallace Notestein for advice and suggestions. 2 John Blackwell, Jr., was born Mar. 8, 1624. Miscellanea Heraldica et Genealogica, New Series, I (London, 1874), 177. 3 John Blackwell, Sr., was born at Watford, Herts., Aug. 25, 1594. He married his first wife Juliana (Gillian) in 1621; she died in 1640, and was buried at St. Thomas the Apostle, London, having borne him ten children. On Mar. 9, 1642, he married Martha Smithsby, by whom he had eight children. Ibid.y 177-178. For Blackwell arms, see J. Foster, ed., Grantees 121 122, W.
[Show full text]
Cromwell's Strategic Vision 1643- 1644. the Royalist Garrison at Newark Was Not On
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Nottingham Trent Institutional Repository (IRep) “He would not meddle against Newark…” Cromwell’s strategic vision 1643- 1644. The royalist garrison at Newark was not only one of the most substantial and successful garrisons in England during the civil wars: its steadfast loyalty had a devastating effect on the military careers of several parliamentarian generals and colonels. Between 1643 and 1645 Newark was responsible for, or played a role in, the severe mauling and even the termination of the careers of no less than five parliamentarian generals. The careers of two major generals in command of local forces, Sir Thomas Ballard, Sir John Meldrum; three regional commanders, Thomas, Lord Grey of Groby, commander of the Midlands Association, Francis, Lord Willoughby of Parham, lord lieutenant of Lincolnshire and Edward Montague, Earl of Manchester commander of the Eastern Association all suffered because of it. Furthermore, it dented the ambitions, if not the careers of two parliamentarian governor- colonels: the Derby governor Sir John Gell and the Nottingham governor John Hutchinson. It is also true that being governor of Newark did little for the careers of three royalist officers who served in the role: Sir John Henderson (1642-1643), Richard Byron (1643-1644) and Sir John Willys (1644-1645). Most significantly from the perspective of this article, in the cases of at least three of the three aristocrat or magnate generals: Lord Grey of Groby, Lord Willoughby and the Earl of Manchester, Oliver Cromwell played an equally decisive role, alongside the midland garrison town, in terminating their field commissions.
[Show full text]
Battle-Scarred: Surgery, Medicine and Military Welfare During the British Civil Wars Exhibition at the National Civil War Centre, Newark Museum
CENTRE FOR ENGLISH CENTRE FOR ENGLISH LOCAL HISTORY LOCAL HISTORY Battle-Scarred: Surgery, Medicine and Military Welfare during the British Civil Wars Exhibition at the National Civil War Centre, Newark Museum Guest curators: Dr Eric Gruber von Arni and Dr Andrew Hopper This document was published in October 2017. The University of Leicester endeavours to ensure that the content of its prospectus, programme specification, website content and all other materials are complete and accurate. On occasion it may be necessary to make some alterations to particular aspects of a course or module, and where these are minor, for example altering the lecture timetable or location, then we will ensure that you have as much notice as possible of the change to ensure that the disruption to your studies is minimised. However, in exceptional circumstances Printed by Print Services, it may be necessary for the University to cancel or change a programme or part of the specification more substantially. For example, due to the University of Leicester, unavailability of key teaching staff, changes or developments in knowledge or teaching methods, the way in which assessment is carried out, using vegetable based inks or where a course or part of it is over-subscribed to the extent that the quality of teaching would be affected to the detriment of students. In on FSC certified stock these circumstances, we will contact you as soon as possible and in any event will give you 25 days written notice before the relevant change is due to take place. Where this occurs, we will also and in consultation with you, offer you an alternative course or programme (as appropriate) or the opportunity to cancel your contract with the University and obtain a refund of any advance payments that you have made.
[Show full text]
The Royalist and Parliamentarian War Effort in Shropshire During the First and Second English Civil Wars, 1642-1648
The Royalist and Parliamentarian War Effort in Shropshire During the First and Second English Civil Wars, 1642-1648 Item Type Thesis or dissertation Authors Worton, Jonathan Citation Worton, J. (2015). The royalist and parliamentarian war effort in Shropshire during the first and second English civil wars, 1642-1648. (Doctoral dissertation). University of Chester, United Kingdom. Publisher University of Chester Download date 24/09/2021 00:57:51 Item License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10034/612966 The Royalist and Parliamentarian War Effort in Shropshire During the First and Second English Civil Wars, 1642-1648 Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of The University of Chester For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Jonathan Worton June 2015 ABSTRACT The Royalist and Parliamentarian War Effort in Shropshire During the First and Second English Civil Wars, 1642-1648 Jonathan Worton Addressing the military organisation of both Royalists and Parliamentarians, the subject of this thesis is an examination of war effort during the mid-seventeenth century English Civil Wars by taking the example of Shropshire. The county was contested during the First Civil War of 1642-6 and also saw armed conflict on a smaller scale during the Second Civil War of 1648. This detailed study provides a comprehensive bipartisan analysis of military endeavour, in terms of organisation and of the engagements fought. Drawing on numerous primary sources, it explores: leadership and administration; recruitment and the armed forces; military finance; supply and logistics; and the nature and conduct of the fighting.
[Show full text]
The Military Career of Richard, Lord Molyneux, C
THE MILITARY CAREER OF RICHARD, LORD MOLYNEUX, C. 1623-54 J.M. Gratton, B.A., M.Ed. Although it is indisputable that James Stanley seventh Earl of Derby was widely regarded as the major Lancashire royalist, especially in the first and third civil wars, in terms of activity and enthusiasm for the Royal cause, two other Lancashire personalities deserve more attention than they have hitherto received - Sir Thomas Tyldesley and Richard Lord Molyneux. Of these two prominent Royalist leaders Tyldesley figures far more amongst both contemporary observers and later commentators.' In contrast Lord Molyneux has remained a shadowy figure. Virtually nothing is known of his character nor how he was regarded by his contemporaries.2 Furthermore most secondary accounts have failed to document in full the contribution Molyneux made to the Royalist side in a career which saw him rise to the rank of brigade commander and led to his fighting as far north as Cumberland, as far south and east as Brentford and as far west as Montgomeryshire. The Molyneux, primarily yet not exclusively Roman Catholic, had emerged by the seventeenth century as the second most important family in Lancashire, second only to the Stanleys. When James I introduced the new order of baronets in 1611, Sir Richard Molyneux of Sefton was the second baronet in all England. Sir Richard was created first Viscount Molyneux of Maryborough in the Irish Peerage in December 1628. In the same year he was Deputy-Lieutenant of Lancashire but noted as a recusant and non- communicant. The First Viscount was one of only two Royalist gentry in the county who held an important office of state between 1625 and 1645 being Receiver-General of the Duchy of Lancaster.
[Show full text]
Why Did Cromwell's New Model Army Win the Civil War?
Why did Cromwell’s New Model Army win the Civil War? • At the start of the civil war, the King’s armies were much better equipped. It took a while for Parliament to gather money through tax. After this got going, Parliament’s New Model Army made huge improvements. There were only four major battles during the Civil War: • 1642 Edgehill (near Birmingham). Indecisive, but the King came out on top. • 1644 Marston Moor (Yorkshire). Parliament won. • 1645 Naseby (Northamptonshire) Cromwell’s New Model Army (for Parliament) won. • 1648 Preston (North West of England). Cromwell’s armies defeated the Royalists. This was the last major battle before Charles I was executed. TASK: Answer these questions in full sentences. There are 14 possible marks. Subheading: The Battle of Edgehill 1. When, where and why was the battle held? (3 marks). 2. Give two reasons why the king’s army won. (2 marks). 3. How does Sources C disagree with Source B about the outcome of the battle? WHY do they disagree? (What is the PURPOSE of Source C?) (2 marks). Subheading: The Battle of Marston Moor 4. Which city was being besieged in 1644 by Parliamentarians? (1 mark). 5. Who did Charles send a letter to in order to help this city? (1 mark). 6. How did Prince Rupert avoid battle with the Parliamentary army under Oliver Cromwell? (1 mark). 7. Prince Rupert then decided to risk battle with the Parliamentarians on 2 July, 1644. Give two reasons why the Royalists lost this battle. (2 marks). 8. What can you learn about Cromwell’s military leadership in Source D? (Use a quote to support your answer).
[Show full text]
Cromwelliana 1993
Cromwelliana 1993 The Cromwell Association The Cromwell Association CROMWELLIANA 1993 President: Dr JOHN MORRILL, DPhil, FRHistS Vice Presidents: Baron FOOT of Buckland Monachorurn Right Hon MICHAEL FOOT, PC edited by Peter Gaunt Dr MAURICE ASHLEY, CBE, DPhil, DLitt Professor IV AN ROOTS, MA, FSA, FRHistS ********** Professor AUSTIN WOOLRYCH, MA, DLitt. FBA Dr GERALD AYLMER, MA, DPhil, FBA, FRHistS CONTENTS Miss HILARY PLAIT, BA Mr TREWIN COPPLESTONE, FRGS Chairman: Dr PEfER GAUNT, PhD, FRHistS Cromwell Day 1992. Oliver Cromwell and the Godly Reformation. By Dr Barry Coward. 2 Honorary Secretary: Miss PAT BARNES Cosswell Cottage, Northedge, Tupton, Chesterfield, S42 6A Y Oliver Cromwell and the Battle of Gainsborough, Honorary Treasurer. Mr JOHN WESTMACOIT July 1643. By John West. 9 1 Salisbury Close, Wokingham, Berkshire, RGI l 4AJ Oliver Cromwell and the English Experience of Manreuvre THE CROMWELL ASSOCIATION was founded in 1935 by the late Rt Hon Isaac Foot Warfare 1645-1651. Part One. By Jonathan R Moore. 15 and others to commemorate Oliver Cromwell, the great Puritan stateman, and to encourage the study of the history of his times, his achievements and influence. It is The Diagnosis of Oliver Cromwell's Fatal Illness. neither political nor sectarian, its aims being essentially historical. The Association By Dr C H Davidson. 27 seeks to advance its aims in a variety of ways which have included: a. the erection of commemorative tablets (e.g. at Naseby, Dunbar, Worcester, Revolution and Restoration: The Effect on the Lives of Preston, etc) (From time to time appeals are made for funds to pay for projects of Ordinary Women.
[Show full text]
[Note: This Series of Articles Was Written by Charles Kightly, Illustrated by Anthony Barton and First Published in Military Modelling Magazine
1 [Note: This series of articles was written by Charles Kightly, illustrated by Anthony Barton and first published in Military Modelling Magazine. The series is reproduced here with the kind permission of Charles Kightly and Anthony Barton. Typographical errors have been corrected and comments on the original articles are shown in bold within square brackets.] Important colour notes for modellers, this month considering Parliamentary infantry, by Charles Kightly and Anthony Barton. During the Civil Wars there were no regimental colours as such, each company of an infantry regiment having its own. A full strength regiment, therefore, might have as many as ten, one each for the colonel's company, lieutenant-colonel's company, major's company, first, second, third captain's company etc. All the standards of the regiment were of the same basic colour, with a system of differencing which followed one of three patterns, as follows. In most cases the colonel's colour was a plain standard in the regimental colour (B1), sometimes with 2 a motto (A1). All the rest, however, had in their top left hand corner a canton with a cross of St. George in red on white; lieutenant-colonels' colours bore this canton and no other device. In the system most commonly followed by both sides (pattern 1) the major's colour had a 'flame' or 'stream blazant' emerging from the bottom right hand corner of the St. George (A3), while the first captain's company bore one device, the second captain's two devices, and so on for as many colours as there were companies.
[Show full text]
Cromwell Study Day: October 2014 66
CROMWELL STUDY DAY: OCTOBER 2014 ‘…LOOKED ON AS A WONDER, THAT NEVER BEHELD HIS ENEMIES IN THE FACE BUT RETURNED FROM THEM CROWNED ALWAYS WITH RENOWN AND HONOUR…’: CROMWELL’S CONTRIBUTION TO PARLIAMENT’S MILITARY VICTORIES, 1642–51.1 By Prof Peter Gaunt Mercurius Civicus, London’s Intelligencer of Truth Impartially Related from Thence to the Whole Kingdom, in its edition for the week 23–30 April 1646, by which time full parliamentarian victory in the main civil war was in sight, gushingly reported as its lead news item that: The active, pious and gallant commander, Lieutenant General Cromwell, being come to the city of London, not for any ease or pleasure, but with the more speed to advance the great cause in hand for the reformation of religion and the resettling the peace and government of the kingdom, he on this day, April 23rd, repaired to the parliament. As he passed through the hall at Westminster he was looked on as a wonder, that never beheld his enemies in the face but returned from them crowned always with renown and honour, nor ever brought his colours from the field but he did wind up victory within them. Having taken his place in the House of Commons, Mr Speaker by order of the whole House gave him great thanks for the unwearied services undertaken by him for the honour and safety of the parliament and the welfare of the kingdom. Samuel Pecke’s A Perfect Diurnall of Some Passages in Parliament of 20–27 April reported the same incident in similarly flowery tones, noting the return to London and to the Commons of ‘the ever renowned and never to be forgotten Lieutenant-General Cromwell’, upon whose arrival in the chamber his fellow MPs gave way to ‘much rejoicing at his presence and welfare’ and to giving ‘testimony of their true respects to his extraordinary services for the kingdom’.
[Show full text]
Year 4 (1645) (1645) 4 4 Year Year
Year 4 (1645) The Roundheads win! 1645 was a year of incredible victories for Parliament. But before that could happen certain Roundheads and one Royalist needed to go. Exit Bishop Laud. In January, the King’s favourite Bishop William Laud had his head cut off by Parliament. Exit Robert Devereux (3rd Earl of Essex) After the incredible victory at Marston Moor, things should have been a lot easier for the Roundheads. But the Earl of Essex had failed to beat the Royalists at the Second Battle of Newbury (back in October 1644). Essex didn’t lose the battle. It was a draw. But after the amazing victory at Marston Moor, it should have been an easy win. In April, Parliament sacked Essex and a lot of the commanding Roundhead officers. The law they passed to do this was called The Self-Denying Ordinance. Fairfax and Cromwell get new jobs Sir Thomas Fairfax had been put in charge of creating a different type of Roundhead army. Oliver Cromwell was his second- in-command. A New Kind of Army Fairfax and Cromwell’s army was called The New Model Army. It was a tougher, stricter more religious army than before, full of tough Puritans with new rules. The main difference between the New Model Army and the old Roundhead one was that anybody could become an officer if they were good at what they did. In the old Roundhead army, you tended to do well if you were rich and posh. The Battle of Naseby The New Model Army fought the King’s army at the Battle of Naseby in Northamptonshire on June 14th.
[Show full text]
University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton
University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk i ii UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF LAW, ARTS & SOCIAL SCIENCES SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Doctor of Philosophy MILITARY INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS IN THE FIRST ENGLISH CIVIL WAR 1642 – 1646 By John Edward Kirkham Ellis This thesis sets out to correct the current widely held perception that military intelligence operations played a minor part in determining the outcome of the English Civil War. In spite of the warnings of Sir Charles Firth and, more recently, Ronald Hutton, many historical assessments of the role played by intelligence-gathering continue to rely upon the pronouncements made by the great Royalist historian Sir Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon, in his History of the Rebellion. Yet the overwhelming evidence of the contemporary sources shows clearly that intelligence information did, in fact, play a major part in deciding the outcome of the key battles that determined the outcome of the Civil War itself.
[Show full text]