DOCSLIB.ORG

A Below-The-Belt Guide to the Male Body

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Below-The-Belt Guide to the Male Body A Below-the-Belt guide to the male body 4BOYS Sexual development can happen Sexual development is often at any time between ten and 18, marked by a whole range of The peniS has but usually begins around 1 or two main parts, a head (or 14. It makes no difference when glans) and a shaft. The head of the penis – particularly its you start. It doesn’t affect what BOdY rim – is much more sensitive you will be like as an adult. changeS than the shaft. you get hair Normally a man’s penis is soft and hangs down. But when he gets sexually taller grows on and more different excited (and often when he's not aware of it), he gets an erection: muscular parts of your body • the penis goes stiff - legs, genitals, • it grows longer and wider arms, • it sticks outwards and your face, shoulders chest upwards from the body. widen A penis is used for two jobs, peeing and sex. When your penis is 4 erect you can’t pee easily because a muscle closes the bladder your genitals your nipples and off. The shape of an erect penis varies. It usually curves upwards (penis and your breast area can testicles) voice become sensitive slightly, and may point to one side. Erections (hard-ons, boners, get for a shorttime bigger deepens stiffies) occur in males of all ages, including babies and old men. body changes is it bone? is it muscle? does the penis fill joints usually carry may be on into your late how do with semen? No. It fills with blood. There are no painful teens or early erections muscles in the penis, that’s why you can’t move it 20s. whether happen? you’re an early or very much. The penis is a kind of sponge that fills late developer with blood when a man is sexually excited. or whether you mature slowly or quickly, body changes continue until you are fully erectiOnS are developed. unreliaBle spots and Erections can come and go without warning. blackheads may grow on They can happen at a moment’s notice, face, neck, sometimes in embarrassing circumstances. chest and back And they can vanish just as easily. Alcohol can cause an erection to droop. These are some of the more obvious changes. But there are others, So can fear of pregnancy, being laughed at, emotional as well as physical . or of coming too soon (premature ejaculation). The fOreSkin is a sleeve of skin that surrounds SiZe the head of the penis. When you get an erection, the foreskin stretches. The head of the penis Many young men think that their penis is smaller than is then completely exposed. anyone else’s. This is unlikely. Adult penis sizes do vary, but not by as much as you might think. The soft penis usually shrinks when it is cold or when the If you don’t wash under the You should be able man is anxious. to pull the foreskin As a rough rule, the larger a penis is when soft, the less it foreskin, a yellowish-white creamy back to expose the substance called smegma builds head of your penis. grows when hard. If it is small when soft, it will probably grow more when hard. up. This is normal. But if you A tight foreskin don’t want to smell like a mouldy can make your own penis will look it will look larger in smaller to you than to cheese, wash it every day. erections painful. a full-length mirror. others because you are looking down at it. If you have a tight foreskin, you could try to ease it back. 6 While you are soaking in Pull it back and hold the bath, gently pull the it in a stretched foreskin away from you. position, briefly. This may gradually stretch the foreskin. If there seems to be a problem, talk to your doctor. In some cases, the foreskin can be so tight your doctor may advise using a special cream or having a small operation to loosen the foreskin. Adult penis size is Complete removal of the foreskin is called usually between 8.cm and 10.cm (–4 When penises are Nothing circumciSiOn inches) long when soft, erect they are very Some men in the world today are circumcised, will make a and between 1cm and similar in size for usually for religious reasons. For example, most penis any larger 18cm (6– inches) all men. Jewish and Muslim boys are circumcised in or smaller. long when hard. childhood. It makes no difference to a man’s ability to urinate (pee) or ejaculate (come). Men have two Balls hang in a soft bag of skin – the ScrOtum. The scrotum hangs outside the body because sperm need to be BallS kept cooler than your internal body temperature of ˚C to be (testicles, testes, bollocks, able to fertilise an egg. Sperm are damaged or killed by heat. nuts, nads) hanging in a bag (scrotum) outside the body, just behind the penis. The balls produce tiny, tadpole-shaped sperm that fertilise a woman’s egg to The scrotum is usually darker in colour But when it is warm, the balls make a baby. than the rest of the skin, and is hairy. hang loose, and the surface of The balls are connected to When it’s cold, the scrotum puckers the scrotum is smooth. the penis by a long, thin up and becomes very wrinkled. tube called the vas deferens. Sperm are stored in the epididymis, then are passed 8 along the vas deferens to the prostate gland. Here they mix with fluid to make semen. Both semen and pee from the bladder pass down a tube take gOOd care Of your BallS testicular cancer through the penis. This tube Spots, bumps and moles are common on (cancer of the balls) is called the urethra and it the scrotum and penis, and don’t usually is the most common runs to the tip of the penis. mean anything. cancer in men aged one ball (usually the left) often If you play a sport where a blow, boot, or Each 1–44. (This makes hangs a little lower than the ball could damage your testicles, wear a it different from most testicle other. this is so they don’t bash plastic protector, or box. into each other when you run. other cancers, which is mainly affect older roughly people.) the size Almost 100 per cent of a of all cancers of the small testicles can be cured plum. if detected early enough – that’s why Balls should be you should examine about the same See your doctor if lumps and bumps yourself every month. weight and size. suddenly appear on or in your balls. Here’s how to examine yourSelf. maSturBatiOn Most boys and men rub themselves to get an erection and to have an orgasm (come). Masturbation (wanking, jerking off) can start at any age, though it can’t lead to ejaculation until you reach puberty. A relaxing warm bath or shower makes examination easier. is it Feel each ball in turn. Use both hands. BAD for With your thumb on top and your index finger beneath, gently roll the ball. You will you? find a hard sausage-shaped ridge on top of the ball. This is normal (it’s called the epididymis, where sperm are stored). It’s completely harmless, no matter how you do it, or how often. It won’t make you go blind or mad, and you won’t get hairs on the palms of your hand. Several times a day is not unusual, nor is less often. It helps you to know your body better, and what you like and don’t like. But you don’t have to do it. 10 11 fantaSieS while masturbating? everyone has them. is it ok to masturbate ‘Weigh’ each ball in your before an exam cupped hand. One ball should or a hard It’s easier to check for lumps and not be heavier than the other. sport? bumps when you’re standing up and Testicular cancer doesn’t happen There is no way you gravity makes your balls hang down. very often and it can usually be cured. can ‘lose energy’ Stand in front of a mirror to look for this way. A few Most lumps and bumps will not be Most young any swelling or change in size. One cancers, but one might be. If you have sportsmen won’t Wet dreamS ball (usually the left) may hang slightly any warning signs, talk to your doctor. masturbate or have men will sometime or other wake to lower than the other. sex the night before find they have come in the bed. It may a match. Others take ONE BALL GROWING be embarrassing to mess the sheets, A DULL SENSITIVE BLOOD the opposite view. SMALL HARD ONE HEAVIER COMING WARNING BALL THAN THE There’s no scientific but it’s completely normal. ACHE IN PAINLESS FROM SIGNS! YOUR GROWING OTHER evidence against If you’re anxious, wear pants. LUMP LARGER THAN THE masturbation. BALLS AREAS THE OTHER PENIS Most young men ejaculate (come, have an orgasm) for the first time around the start GoING FURTHER ... ejaculatiOn of puberty. When is the right time to i want to have sex, but my It takes some by surprise. Others work at it. have sex? partner doesn’t... There is no ‘right age’. Putting pressure on someone to If you believed everything you read or have sex could ruin what could have ...\ heard, you’d think that every young been a beautiful relationship.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reference Sheet 1
    MALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 8 7 8 OJ 7 .£l"00\.....• ;:; ::>0\~ <Il '"~IQ)I"->. ~cru::>s ~ 6 5 bladder penis prostate gland 4 scrotum seminal vesicle testicle urethra vas deferens FEMALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 2 1 8 " \ 5 ... - ... j 4 labia \ ""\ bladderFallopian"k. "'"f"";".'''¥'&.tube\'WIT / I cervixt r r' \ \ clitorisurethrauterus 7 \ ~~ ;~f4f~ ~:iJ 3 ovaryvagina / ~ 2 / \ \\"- 9 6 adapted from F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System Reference Sheet 3: GLOSSARY Anus – The opening in the buttocks from which bowel movements come when a person goes to the bathroom. It is part of the digestive system; it gets rid of body wastes. Buttocks – The medical word for a person’s “bottom” or “rear end.” Cervix – The opening of the uterus into the vagina. Circumcision – An operation to remove the foreskin from the penis. Cowper’s Glands – Glands on either side of the urethra that make a discharge which lines the urethra when a man gets an erection, making it less acid-like to protect the sperm. Clitoris – The part of the female genitals that’s full of nerves and becomes erect. It has a glans and a shaft like the penis, but only its glans is on the out side of the body, and it’s much smaller. Discharge – Liquid. Urine and semen are kinds of discharge, but the word is usually used to describe either the normal wetness of the vagina or the abnormal wetness that may come from an infection in the penis or vagina. Duct – Tube, the fallopian tubes may be called oviducts, because they are the path for an ovum.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive System, Day 2 Grades 4-6, Lesson #12
    Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System, day 2 Grades 4-6, Lesson #12 Time Needed 40-50 minutes Student Learning Objectives To be able to... 1. Distinguish reproductive system facts from myths. 2. Distinguish among definitions of: ovulation, ejaculation, intercourse, fertilization, implantation, conception, circumcision, genitals, and semen. 3. Explain the process of the menstrual cycle and sperm production/ejaculation. Agenda 1. Explain lesson’s purpose. 2. Use transparencies or your own drawing skills to explain the processes of the male and female reproductive systems and to answer “Anonymous Question Box” questions. 3. Use Reproductive System Worksheets #3 and/or #4 to reinforce new terminology. 4. Use Reproductive System Worksheet #5 as a large group exercise to reinforce understanding of the reproductive process. 5. Use Reproductive System Worksheet #6 to further reinforce Activity #2, above. This lesson was most recently edited August, 2009. Public Health - Seattle & King County • Family Planning Program • © 1986 • revised 2009 • www.kingcounty.gov/health/flash 12 - 1 Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H. Materials Needed Classroom Materials: OPTIONAL: Reproductive System Transparency/Worksheets #1 – 2, as 4 transparencies (if you prefer not to draw) OPTIONAL: Overhead projector Student Materials: (for each student) Reproductive System Worksheets 3-6 (Which to use depends upon your class’ skill level. Each requires slightly higher level thinking.) Public Health - Seattle & King County • Family Planning Program • © 1986 • revised 2009 • www.kingcounty.gov/health/flash 12 - 2 Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection Mimicking Testicular Malignancy In
    270 Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:270 Chlamydia trachomatis infection mimicking Sex Transm Infect: first published as 10.1136/sti.75.4.270 on 1 August 1999. Downloaded from Case report: testicular malignancy in a young man cobblestone A M Ward, J H Rogers, C S Estcourt A young man with a low risk history for sexually transmitted diseases presented with an appar- ently longstanding, previously asymptomatic scrotal mass, highly suggestive of testicular malignancy on palpation. Ultrasound sited the lesion in the epididymis. Although there was no evidence of urethritis, chlamydia polymerase chain reaction testing was positive. Tumour mark- ers were negative. Complete clinical and radiological response was achieved after a long course of doxycycline treatment, without surgical exploration of the scrotum, confirming the diagnosis of chlamydial epididymitis. (Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:270) Keywords: testicular malignancy; Chlamydia trachomatis; epididymitis A 36 year old Chinese man presented with a 2 Fifteen months later the patient was asymp- day history of a sore scrotal lump. He had no tomatic with normal examination and ultra- urethral discharge or dysuria, and no history of sonography, and negative urinary chlamydia sexually transmitted diseases. He denied any PCR. He declined semen analysis. extramarital sexual partners since his marriage 5 years ago, but acknowledged four or five female partners before that. The couple had one child and were using condoms for contra- Discussion ception. Longstanding, subacute epididymitis, present- Examination revealed left sided scrotal ing with a painless scrotal mass, and without swelling and a mildly tender mass, inseparable evidence of urethritis, is an unusual complica- from the lower pole of the left testis, with an tion of chlamydial infection.1 irregular surface and rock hard consistency.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Certified Epididymitis DST.Pdf
    Clinical Prevention Services Provincial STI Services 655 West 12th Avenue Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4 Tel : 604.707.5600 Fax: 604.707.5604 www.bccdc.ca BCCDC Non-certified Practice Decision Support Tool Epididymitis EPIDIDYMITIS Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency and requires immediate consultation. It can mimic epididymitis and must be considered in all people presenting with sudden onset, severe testicular pain. Males less than 20 years are more likely to be diagnosed with testicular torsion, but it can occur at any age. Viability of the testis can be compromised as soon as 6-12 hours after the onset of sudden and severe testicular pain. SCOPE RNs must consult with or refer all suspect cases of epididymitis to a physician (MD) or nurse practitioner (NP) for clinical evaluation and a client-specific order for empiric treatment. ETIOLOGY Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, with bacterial and non-bacterial causes: Bacterial: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) coliforms (e.g., E.coli) Non-bacterial: urologic conditions trauma (e.g., surgery) autoimmune conditions, mumps and cancer (not as common) EPIDEMIOLOGY Risk Factors STI-related: condomless insertive anal sex recent CT/GC infection or UTI BCCDC Clinical Prevention Services Reproductive Health Decision Support Tool – Non-certified Practice 1 Epididymitis 2020 BCCDC Non-certified Practice Decision Support Tool Epididymitis Other considerations: recent urinary tract instrumentation or surgery obstructive anatomic abnormalities (e.g., benign prostatic
    [Show full text]
  • Ultrasonography of the Scrotum in Adults
    University of Massachusetts Medical School eScholarship@UMMS Radiology Publications and Presentations Radiology 2016-07-01 Ultrasonography of the scrotum in adults Anna L. Kuhn University of Massachusetts Medical School Et al. Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Follow this and additional works at: https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/radiology_pubs Part of the Male Urogenital Diseases Commons, Radiology Commons, Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Commons, Urogenital System Commons, and the Urology Commons Repository Citation Kuhn AL, Scortegagna E, Nowitzki KM, Kim YH. (2016). Ultrasonography of the scrotum in adults. Radiology Publications and Presentations. https://doi.org/10.14366/usg.15075. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/radiology_pubs/173 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License This material is brought to you by eScholarship@UMMS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Radiology Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of eScholarship@UMMS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ultrasonography of the scrotum in adults Anna L. Kühn, Eduardo Scortegagna, Kristina M. Nowitzki, Young H. Kim Department of Radiology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA REVIEW ARTICLE Ultrasonography is the ideal noninvasive imaging modality for evaluation of scrotal http://dx.doi.org/10.14366/usg.15075 abnormalities. It is capable of differentiating the most important etiologies of acute scrotal pain pISSN: 2288-5919 • eISSN: 2288-5943 and swelling, including epididymitis and testicular torsion, and is the imaging modality of choice Ultrasonography 2016;35:180-197 in acute scrotal trauma. In patients presenting with palpable abnormality or scrotal swelling, ultrasonography can detect, locate, and characterize both intratesticular and extratesticular masses and other abnormalities.
    [Show full text]
  • Everybody's Got Body Parts – Part
    Everybody’s Got Body Parts – Part Two A Lesson Plan from Rights, Respect, Responsibility: A K-12 Curriculum Fostering responsibility by respecting young people’s rights to honest sexuality education. ADVANCE PREPARATION FOR LESSON: NSES ALIGNMENT: • Go through the website and video, http://kidshealth.org/teen/ By the end of 8th grade, students sexual_health/guys/male_repro.html and https://medlineplus. will be able to: gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000121.htm, which you will use to AP.8.CC.1 – Students will be provide the answers to the activity in this lesson. able to describe the male and female sexual and reproductive • Speak with your IT department to make sure both of the above systems including body parts websites are both unblocked for your classroom and that your and their functions. computer’s sound works for the video. • Make sure your computer is queued to both the website and TARGET GRADE: Grade 7 video right before class. Lesson 2 • Go through the anonymous questions from the last class session to be prepared to answer them during class. If there TIME: 50 Minutes are no or very few questions, feel free to add in a few. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MATERIALS NEEDED: By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: • Desktop or laptop with internet connection 1. Name at least two parts of the male internal and external • If you do not have hookup sexual and reproductive systems. [Knowledge] for sound, small speakers to connect to your computer 2. Describe the function of at least two parts of the male • LCD projector and screen internal and external sexual and reproductive systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Report Erectile Dysfunction Due to a `Hidden' Penis After Pelvic Trauma
    International Journal of Impotence Research (1999) 11, 53±55 ß 1999 Stockton Press All rights reserved 0955-9930/99 $12.00 http://www.stockton-press.co.uk/ijir Case Report Erectile dysfunction due to a `hidden' penis after pelvic trauma LAJ Simonis1, S Borovets1, MF Van Driel1*, HJ Ten Duis1 and HJA Mensink1 1Department of Urology and Traumatology, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands We describe a twenty-six year old patient who presented us with a dorsally retracted `hidden' penis, which was entrapped in scar tissue and prevesical fat, 20 y after a pelvic fracture with symphysiolysis. Penile `lengthening' was performed by V±Y plasty, removal of fatty tissue, dissection of the entrapped corpora cavernosa followed by ventral ®xation. Keywords: erectile dysfunction; pelvic fracture; symphysiolysis; hidden penis; penile lengthening Introduction At the physical examination we observed the man with a midline lower abdominal scar and a scar in his left groin, normal pubic hair and a 3 cm penile A twenty-six year old man was referred to our length at stretching simulating an erection. A hospital because of a very short penis, both diastasis of the pubic symphysis and normally sized functionally and cosmetically. In his view he would corpora and glans could be palpated, although they not be able to have sexual intercourse, which was were more or less buried in the diastasis and the main reason for avoiding sexual relationships. scrotum. The urethral meatus could be visualised The other reason for avoiding sexual contact was centrally on the glans. The scrotum was developed persistent urinary stress incontinence for which he normally, there was a normal testicle on the right used bandages.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy and Physiology of Erection: Pathophysiology of Erectile Dysfunction
    International Journal of Impotence Research (2003) 15, Suppl 7, S5–S8 & 2003 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0955-9930/03 $25.00 www.nature.com/ijir Chapter 2 Anatomy and Physiology of erection: pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction Reporters and participants of the 1st Latin American Dysfunction Consensus Meeting International Journal of Impotence Research (2003) 15, Suppl 7, S5–S8. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3901127 Anatomy deep dorsal vein, the circumflex veins, the emissary veins, the cavernous veins and the crural veins). The lacunar spaces drain into small venules, which flow The penis, the male genital organ, has two func- together into a subalbugineal plexus, which in turn, tions: sexual and urinary. It is located above the emerges as emissary veins4,5 (Figure 1). scrotum, and it is linked to the pubic symphysis by two ligaments. It has a three-cylinder shape, integrated by two CROSS-SECTIONAL SECTION OF THE PENIS vascular tissue bodies (corpora cavernosa) (CC) and Superficial dorsal vein the corpus spongiosum (CS). The CCs have two Dorsal artery of penis Dorsal nerve of portions: a fixed posterior one, or perineal, and one penis that is anterior or free. At its base, the ischiopubic Deep dorsal vein Colles’ fascia rami are fixed, surrounded by the ischiocavernous muscles. The CS, in turn, stems from the perineum, Buck’s fascia Circumflex Vein surrounded by the bulbocavernous muscle. The Corpus urethra runs most of its length. At the distal end, cavernosum Tunica albuginea the CS dilates into a structure known as glans, Cavernous artery where the urethra opens to the outside of the Corpus spongiosum Urethral artery body through the meatus.1,2 Urethra Adapted and Modified from the 2ndBrazilian Consensus on Erectile Dysfunction2 The penis has an epidermal layer, underneath which is located the superficial fascia (Colles’), Figure 1 Cross-sectional section of the penis.
    [Show full text]
  • Epididymo- Orchitis
    What about my partner? If you have been diagnosed with an STI, it is important that all of the people you have recently been in sexual contact with are given the option to be tested and treated. Your doctor or nurse will discuss this with you. When can I have sex again? You will have to wait until you have finished the antibiotics and have had a check-up by your A guide to doctor before having sex again, even sex with a condom or oral sex. Epididymo- If you were diagnosed with an STI, it is really orchitis important that you don’t have sex with your partner before they are tested and treated as you could become infected again. What happens if my epididymo-orchitis is left untreated? If you do not get treatment, the testicular pain and swelling will last much longer. Untreated infection is more likely to lead to complications such as long term testicular pain or an abscess. In rare cases, untreated infection can lead to shrinkage of the testicle and loss of fertility. You can order more copies of this leaflet free of charge from www.healthpromotion.ie October 2017 What is epididymo-orchitis? How do I get epididymo-orchitis? How can I be tested for epididymo-orchitis? Epidiymo-orchitis is a condition that affects men In most men under the age of 35, epididymo- Epididymo-orchitis is diagnosed based on your and is characterised by pain and swelling inside orchitis is caused by a sexually transmitted symptoms and what the doctor or nurse finds the scrotum (ball bag).
    [Show full text]
  • Undescended Testicles Patient Guide Table of Contents Pediatric Health Committee
    PEDIATRIC HEALTH Undescended Testicles Patient Guide Table of Contents Pediatric Health Committee CHAIR Pediatric Health Committee . 2 T. Ernesto Figueroa, MD Kenny's Story . 3 Nemours/Alfred I . DuPont Hospital for Children Introduction: When Your Baby Boy Is Born . 4 Wilmington, DE GET THE FACTS . 5 How Does the Male Reproductive System Form? . 5 What Are Undescended Testicles (Cryptorchidism)? . 5 COMMITTEE MEMBERS What Causes this Problem? . 6 Paul Austin, MD GET DIAGNOSED . 6 Washington University School of Medicine in St . Louis GET TREATED . 7 St. Louis, MO AFTER TREATMENT . 7 GLOSSARY . 8 Ahmad Bani-Hani, MD QUESTIONS TO ASK YOUR DOCTOR . 9 Nemours/Alfred I . DuPont Hospital for Children About the Urology Care Foundation . [back cover] Wilmington, DE Michael Hsieh, MD Children’s National Health System Washington, DC 2 Kenny's Story When our son Kenny K* was born, we were so happy! He was absolutely beautiful . We were in love at first sight . He had all of his fingers and toes and looked like an angel . However, at three months old, we noticed that his genitals didn’t look right . We took him to his doctor and the pediatrician said he had an undescended testicle . Kenny’s pediatrician referred us to a specialist called “a pediatric urologist .” His urologist said an undescended testicle is a common problem and could easily be fixed . Everything else with Kenny was normal . After talking about all of our options, Kenny’s urologist recommended that he have surgery . After the surgery, Kenny didn’t have any other issues . He is growing up fine and doesn’t even know he had an issue .
    [Show full text]
  • Acute Scrotum Medical Student Curriculum
    ADVERTISEMENT 0 AUAU My AUA Join Journal of Urology Guidelines Annual Meeting 2017 ABOUT US EDUCATION RESEARCH ADVOCACY INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE RESOURCES Are you a Patient? EDUCATION > Educational Programs > Education for Medical Students > Medical Student Curriculum > Acute Scrotum Medical Student Curriculum ACUTE SCROTUM This document was amended in July 2016 to reflect literature that was released since the original publication of this content in May 2012. This document will continue to be periodically updated to reflect the growing body of literature related to this topic. KEY WORDS: Testis, epididymis, torsion, epididymitis, ischemia, tumor, infection, hernia Learning Objectives ADVERTISEMENT At the end of medical school, the student should be able to: ADVERTISEMENT 1. Describe 6 conditions that may produce acute scrotal pain or swelling. 2. Distinguish, through the history, physical examination and laboratory testing, testicular torsion, torsion of testicular appendices, epididymitis, testicular tumor, scrotal trauma and hernia. 3. Appropriately order imaging studies to make the diagnosis of the acute scrotum. 4. Determine which acute scrotal conditions require emergent surgery and which may be handled less emergently or electively. Introduction The "acute scrotum" may be viewed as the urologist's equivalent to the general surgeon's "acute abdomen." Both conditions are guided by similar management principles: The patient history and physical examination are key to the diagnosis and often guide decision making regarding whether or not surgical intervention is appropriate. Imaging studies should complement, but not replace, sound clinical judgment. When making a decision for conservative, non-surgical care, the provider must balance the potential morbidity of surgical exploration against the potential cost of missing a surgical diagnosis.
    [Show full text]
  • Epididymo-Orchitis
    health information Epididymo-Orchitis Epididymo-orchitis is a swelling of the testicles and the tube next to the testicle(s) that stores sperm (epididymis). How do I get epididymo-orchitis? A male can get epididymo-orchitis from having unprotected sex (oral, vaginal, or anal sex without a condom) with someone who has a sexually transmitted infection (STI). It can also happen after bacterial infections, viral infections (e.g., mumps), or prostate surgery. How do I prevent epididymo-orchitis? When you’re sexually active, the best way to prevent epididymo-orchitis is to use condoms for oral, vaginal, and anal sex. Don’t have any sexual contact if you or your partner(s) have symptoms of an STI, or may have been exposed to an STI. See a doctor or go to an STI Clinic for testing. Get STI testing every 3 to 6 months and when you have symptoms. How do I know if I have epididymo-orchitis? Symptoms of epididymo-orchitis may include: • swelling of the epididymis and/or testicle(s) • redness or swelling of the skin covering the testicles (scrotal skin) • clear, creamy-white, or yellow discharge from the end of the penis • pain or burning when you pee • fever (temperature over 38.5 °C) If you have any of these symptoms, see a nurse or doctor right away. Only a nurse or doctor can diagnose epididymo-orchitis. Is epididymo-orchitis harmful? If left untreated, epididymo-orchitis can cause serious health problems. It can cause infertility or ongoing problems with swelling in the epididymis, testicle(s), or scrotum.
    [Show full text]