2019 Programmatic Overview 1

IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 1

2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW

SOMALIA IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 2

In Memorium IOM stands in solidarity with the people of Somalia who have suffered numerous deadly attacks on civilians during the course of 2019. We are deeply saddened by the terrible loss of one of our colleagues, Abdifatah Mohamed Abdow, who dedicated his life and work to Somalia. IOM extends its deepest condolences to the families and loved ones of all those who lost their lives in Kismayo in July 2019. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 3

Cover photo: A family benefited from IOM’s Baidoa relocation project © IOM Somalia 2019 IOM staff organizing the relocation of IDP families in Baidoa © IOM Somalia 2019

DISCLAIMER: The names and boundaries shown do not imply official endorsement nor acceptance by IOM. They are meant for illustrative purposes. EDITOR: Erin Bowser, Jan Van’t Land, Yuko Tomita LAYOUT DESIGN: Claudia Barrios Rosel IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 4

IOM SOMALIA 2019 OVERVIEW

CONTENTS

IOM OVERVIEW

2019 HIGHLIGHTS

HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Health Shelter and Non-Food Items (S-NFI)

STABILIZATION, RECOVERY AND DURABLE SOLUTIONS Recovery and Durable Solutions (RDS) Somalia Stabilization Initiative (SSI) Disengagement, Disassociation, Reintegration and Reconciliation (DDRR)

MIGRATION GOVERNANCE & DEVELOPMENT Immigration and Border Management (IBM) Labour Mobility and Human Development (LHD) Migrant Protection and Assistance (MPA) IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 5 1/ IOM OVERVIEW

Established in 2006, IOM Somalia has set a strong record on the delivery of frontline services to crisis-affected populations, while steadily developing models and partnerships for longer term recovery and migration governance.

The humanitarian crisis in Somalia, characterized by both To address overall migration challenges in Somalia, IOM natural and man-made factors, is one of the most complex works closely with the Federal Government of Somalia, and longstanding emergencies in the world. Due to decades regional authorities, the UN, donor governments and civil of poverty, marginalization, armed violence, insecurity, political society by implementing programmes through three pillars: instability, natural hazards and lack of development, the (1) Preparedness and humanitarian response; (2) Long humanitarian situation remains critical in the country. Recurrent term recovery and durable solutions; and, (3) Migration climatic shocks have been devastating for Somali communities governance and development. Since 2006, IOM has delivered and continue to drive displacement, while ongoing conflict frontline services to crisis-affected populations, while steadily impacts protection and human rights, reduces resilience and developing models and partnerships for longer term recovery hinders access to basic services. Furthermore, Somalia is a key and migration governance. With over 450 staff, IOM Somalia source, transit and, to some extent, destination country for operates from a newly constructed main office in Mogadishu, irregular migratory flows due to porous borders, including one seven field offices and eight satellite offices, as well as the of the largest sea borders in Africa. Every year, the thousands Nairobi Support Office in Kenya. of Somalis who make hazardous journeys along regional migration routes are exposed to severe protection risks. Livestock vendor on his way to the market using the gravel road constructed in Baidoa, Somalia © Rikka Tupaz/IOM Somalia 2019

“IOM remains committed to support the Government of Somalia (GoS) to deliver the new National Development Plan in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as establishing policies that foster the safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of the Somali people in line with the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM). Through our tremendous partnerships with the GoS, institutional partners, and local communities, IOM increased its assistance to migrant populations and host communities in 2019. We also saw the resilience of Somalis who have returned home and embraced a positive and peaceful path forward, especially in the areas of health and education. IOM would like to recognize the Government of Somalia in continuing to move forward an agenda of peace and development, and by supporting IOM efforts to this end. In 2019, IOM implemented its programmes thanks to generous funding from our donors. This includes both governmental and non-traditional donors. This annual update reflects the commitment, courage and dynamic planning of IOM staff members and partners.” – Richard Danziger, IOM Somalia Chief of Mission IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 6 IOM’S PRESENCE IN SOMALIA - 2019

BOSSASO

AWDAL BERBERA SANAAG

DHARAR BARI HARGEISA GARADAG

WOQOOYI GALBEED TOGDHEER GAROWE SOOL

NUGAAL

MUDUG

ADADO

GALGADUUD

BAKOOL DOOLOW HIRAAN XUDUR

GEDO BAIDOA MIDDLE SHABELLE BAY

BARDERE AFGOYE MOGADISHU BANADIR MIDDLE JUBA LOWER SHABELLE

LOWER JUBA Main office DHOBLEY Field offices KISMAYO Satellite offices Humanitarian Response Stabilization, Recovery and Durable Solutions Migration Governance and Development IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 7 2/ HIGHLIGHTS January - December 2019 Humanitarian Response

CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT (CCCM)

469 3,426 19,661 98 IDP SITES COMPLAINTS RECEIVED, PEOPLE VOLUNTEERED SITES ASSESSMENT supported by IOM (371 referred and feedback to clean up 240 IDP sites conducted for 96 IDP in Baidoa, 96 in Kismayo, provided in IDP sites in Baidoa, Kismayo and sites in Kismayo (1 safe 2 in Doolow) in Baidoa, Kismayo and Doolow audit) and 2 IDP sites in Doolow Doolow (1 safe audit)

HEALTH

INTEGRATED nutrition HEALTH CLINICS supported 53 12 outpatients therapeutic 32 PRIMARY 3 TRANSIT programmes (OTPs) health care centres centres

MOBILE MIGRATION 454,154 16 2 CONSULTATIONS medical teams resource centres (257,445 women, 190,424 men) Find the dashboard here.

SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS (SNFI)

65,678 IDPs supported with Shelter and Non-Food DROUGHT AND FLOOD Items 7,630 AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS supported through the IOM managed (in-kind and cash based intervention) contingency stock IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 8

2/ HIGHLIGHTS

WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH)

442,648 86,642 PEOPLE PEOPLE 247,722 women and 194,926 men 46,653 women and 39,989 men REACHED WITH REACHED WITH 545,626 PEOPLE 285,393 women and 5,482,692,400 66,341,700 260,233 men reached through hygiene and LITRES LITRES sanitation activities of clean safe water through of water through emergency sustainable water sources response

Displaced households in Doloow draw water from water kiosks built by IOM © IOM Somalia 2019

DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX (DTM)

A total of 260,073 MOVEMENTS were observed at Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs)

The IOM team conducted DATA COLLECTION IN 24 DISTRICTS 191,231 people 68,842 people across Somalia INCOMING FLOWS OUTGOING FLOWS IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 9

2/ HIGHLIGHTS Stabilization, Recovery and Durable Solutions

RECOVERY AND DURABLE SOLUTIONS (RDS)

45 SOCIO-ECONOMIC 717, 094 PEOPLE infrastructures completed benefited from completed socio-economic infrastructures

DISENGAGEMENT, DISASSOCIATION, REINTEGRATION AND RECONCILIATION (DDRR) 438 150 MEN RECEIVED WOMEN RECEIVED religious counselling, civic and religious basic household support and monthly education and vocational training, including stipends, religious counselling, basic basic literacy, numeracy and literacy and numeracy skills, civic and business skills training religious education, vocational training (215 in Baidoa, 223 in Kismayo) and psychosocial support

IOM beneficiary in Barwaqo 2 IDP site in Baidoa © Rikka Tupaz/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 10

2/ HIGHLIGHTS Migration Governance and Development

IMMIGRATION AND BORDER MANAGEMENT (IBM)

20 BORDER POSTS SUPPORTED (10 airports, 5 seaports, 5 land posts) 189 IMMIGRATION 258 PIECES OF EQUIPMENT OFFICIALS TRAINED provided to border posts

MIGRANT PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE (MPA) 5,079 RETURNEES ASSISTED 242 RETURNEES 56 RETURNEES 226 men and 48 men and 16 women were assisted 8 women were assisted with in-kind materials for with in-kind materials for individual microbusiness collective microbusiness start-up start-up

MIDA FINNSOM diaspora health expert, Nimo Hussein, gives a LABOUR MOBILITY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT(LHD) nursing class at the Hargeisa Institute of Health Sciences (HIOHS) © Muse Mohamed/IOM Somalia 2018

returning 81 from 10 DIASPORA EXPERTS COUNTRIES

61 LOCAL EXPERTS trained

5 JUNIOR AND INTERNS trained IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 11 STORIES OF THE YEAR

CCCM A Mother’s Desperate Plea

WASH Communities Hopeful About Newly Planted Trees

HEALTH Providing Health Services Across Generations in Dhobley Town

RDS Midnimo I - Durable Solutions Project in Somalia

DDRR Struggle and Resilience: Safia’s Story

IBM Zuhuur, Head of Training and Gender Focal Point at Somaliland Coast Guard

MPA Hope for a Fresh Start - Daahir returning from Yemen

LHD Being the Change - A Story of Return

MECC* “Drought Destroyed Our Lives”: One Woman’s Experience of Environmental Migration

* Migration, Environment and Climate Change (MECC) IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 12

2/ HIGHLIGHTS HUMANITARIAN AND DEVELOPMENT NEXUS IN ACTION

Durable Solutions for IDP Households at Risk of Eviction

The city of Baidoa, in Somalia’s southwestern Bay region, hosts an estimated 360,000 displaced people, many of whom live See Baidoa relocation video here on private land without secure tenure agreements. They are at a constant risk of forced evictions, with many households The construction of the new public site included preparation evicted multiple times. and demarcation of the plots of land along with water and sanitation facilities, two police stations and solar streetlights In 2019, the South West State authorities and the Baidoa to support the health, hygiene and safety of individuals. municipality recognized the need for a site development To facilitate transportation to the new public site, road within the Baidoa urban plan to relocate households affected improvements were made to ease access to local markets and by displacement. to link with host communities. The new public site was also developed to allow space for markets, community centres With an increasing number of IDPs in need of humanitarian and common service areas. Construction is underway on a assistance and recognizing the critical challenge to sustainable primary health care centre set to open in Barwaqo 2 in 2020. durable solutions, IOM supported South West State authorities and the Baidoa municipality to develop a new public site called The relocation of households took place in June and July Barwaqo 2. This relocation project in Baidoa brought together 2019, with a total of 1,000 households (6,116 individuals) that IOM’s emergency response and durable solutions divisions to received a plot of land and vouchers to help them construct work together in order to ensure an integrated approach, a shelters of their choice. In 2020, IOM and government partners concrete example of operationalization of humanitarian and are planning the second phase of relocation for 700 additional development nexus. To ensure participation and consultation households. The relocation site has the capacity to host an of all stakeholders, IOM supported the estimated 4,000 households. municipality to establish a relocation taskforce that brought together key actors from the humanitarian and IOM Somalia development actors. Strategic Plan 2019-2021 Launched One of the key outcomes for 2019 was the launch of IOM’s 2019-2021 CCCM supports partners responding to 139 IDP sites in country strategy for Somalia in coordination with the Ministry of Planning, Kismayo, Somalia © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019 Investment and Economic Development (MoPIED). Download it here.

HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

RECOVERY AND DURABLE SOLUTIONS

MIGRATION AND GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 13 3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

HUMANITARIAN SITUATION OVERVIEW 2019

Natural disasters continued to affect communities across Concerns remain for the 2.6 million displaced persons living Somalia in 2019 with both drought and flooding causing in Somalia. Many live on sites without any formal land tenure massive displacement, loss of livestock and livelihoods. and are at risk of forced eviction, while many others struggle to survive without access to basic services such as clean safe Humanitarian partners supported government efforts to water, health, shelter and food. respond to the needs of communities and lay the foundation for strengthened emergency response systems. Multiple Further details about the humanitarian situation in Somalia appeals to donors were issued in 2019 with millions of dollars can be found from the OCHA Humanitarian Dashboards or of assistance provided for life-saving programming. the Humanitarian Response Plan for 2020.

IOM provides sustainable water supply at the new IDP site in Baidoa through elevated water tanks and 37 communal taps. © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 14

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE IOM’s Response to 2019 Floods

WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE

Latrines: 200 latrines reconstructed and 200 new HEALTH latrines constructed in Doolow and other regions Standardized Hygiene Kits: distribution of 1,500 Medical Kit: distributed medicine for kits in Kismayo, 1,300 kits in Afmadow and 10,000 people in Berdaale 3,000 kits in Doolow Contingency Emergency Medical Supplies: Hygiene Promotion Activities ensured that all health facilities supported by IOM had emergency medical supplies in stock SHELTER AND Referral Pathaways: collaborated with the Ministry NON-FOOD ITEMS of Health and the Health Cluster to elucidate referral pathways for more serious flood victims Through the Emergency Contingency Stock, IOM Health Promotion Activities mobilized 4,728 NFI kits to partners as rapid response to the flood emergency in Belet Weyne, Berdaale and Baidoa

IOM’s support to flood affected communities in Baidoa

Migrants and host communities are vulnerable to the destruction and displacement caused by flooding. With the onset of rains in October, a joint site assessment was conducted in Baidoa to identify the extent of flooding within IDP settlements. The assessment was conducted by CCCM partners including IOM. Out of the 435 IDP sites, hosting 51,322 households, 51 IDP sites (12%) were affected by the flash flooding, with 41,412 IDPs directly affected. Some 65 per cent of latrines have either been damaged or filled with flood water.

IOM expanded medical services to meet the needs of flood affected communities and stood ready to respond to outbreaks of acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) and other waterborne diseases, as well as expected increases in malaria incidence.

The IOM outreach team also conducted a house-to-house campaign reaching 14,000 individuals in 51 IDP sites in Baidoa to warn of the risks of flooding and to explore options for the relocation of individuals in flood-prone areas. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 15

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT (CCCM)

Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) strives to improve the living conditions during displacement, ensure assistance and protection of IDPs in displacement sites, as well as to seek durable solutions to end temporary displacement, with an organized closure and phase out of displacement sites.

IOM’s CCCM activities improve the living conditions and demographics of movement, area of origin, return and protection of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in sites onward movement, reasons for movement and movement and settlements and ensure equitable access to services and trends. This data is key to assist agencies operating in the assistance of all persons in need in the regions of Kismayo, sites. IOM is also the co-chair of the CCCM Cluster. Doolow and Baidoa. Additionally, IOM collects data on

CCCM CLUSTER

IOM co-led the CCCM cluster at national level with UNHCR. on CCCM and GBV integration and conducted a field CCCM sub-national clusters were activated in nine districts in consultation for the Global Camp Management standards. Somalia. IOM coordinated the sub-clusters in Gedo, Baidoa and Kismayo. The CCCM cluster held quarterly meetings 842 SITES with established CCCM mechanisms at national level and monthly meetings at sub-national level. There were 21 partners in the cluster across Somalia. Key 1.1 MILLION PEOPLE benefited from objectives of the cluster were to strengthen the predictability site improvement projects and effectiveness of multi sectorial services at site level 842 SITES with information on availability of services through improved site management and coordination; improve living conditions of displaced people through site 12,836 DISPLACED PEOPLE relocated to safe development, care and maintenance; strengthen community locations and supported with secure land tenure self-management and access to information for displaced CCCM PARTNERS coordinated by populations; and support opportunities for displaced people 14 the CCCM cluster to achieve durable solutions. In 2019, the Cluster conducted detailed site assessments in 65 sites, conducted a workshop IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 16

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE IOM’s CCCM activities Improving the safety of IDP sites The safety audit was a joint initiative between CCCM partners living conditions at these IDP sites. The eviction of IDPs is and the GBV sub cluster. It enabled humanitarian actors to not necessarily something new to the displacement reality observe, understand and evaluate site level protection/GBV of Somalia; however, in 2019 forced eviction was on the rise, risks associated to the camp layout, camp infrastructures and causing serious protection concerns. services such WASH, shelter, Health, Nutrition, Education as well as safety, security and other services. It also recommended The IOM team conducted eviction mapping exercises in mitigation measures to be taken collectively by humanitarian both Kismayo and Baidoa in 2019. Through coordination actors to reduce the identified risks and/or vulnerabilities with government agencies, IDP leaders and landowners, identified. IOM conducted the audits for 96 IDP sites in Kismayo the CCCM cluster partners managed to extend existing and two IDP sites in Doolow. agreements between IDPs and landowners. IOM worked with HLP partners to monitor eviction risks of IDP sites. When Forced Eviction sites were deemed at high risk of eviction, IOM worked with local authorities and protection partners to find solutions for Many IDPs fled their homes due to drought, insecurity and/ affected families. or other challenges. However, most newly displaced people were proned to forced eviction because they either settled Accountability to Affected People (AAP) on land without the consent of the land owners or there was lack of written tenure documents with witnesses. Forced Multi-sectoral Complaint Feedback Mechanism: eviction often resulted in the loss of land through occupation To ensure that communities’ voices are heard, and that and destruction of property. Having lost their homes, IDPs displaced people have the information they need to access subsisted in poorer living conditions with risks to their services, IOM constructed and staffed information centres health, safety and exposure to gender-based violence or continued on next page (16) another forced evictions. Lack of land tenure and forced evictions also inhibited the ability of partners to improve Site Improvement

To improve safety and hygiene in sites, IOM conducted site improvement projects in cooperation with the IDP communities. In Kismayo, IOM distributed site maintenance tools to the 96 IDP sites. The tools included wheelbarrows, shovels, rakes, gloves, and other materials. The tools were used by the community to clean up the sites, improve solid waste disposal, dig household level drainage and other projects deemed important by the community to keep the sites clean and safe. IOM also led voluntary community clean up campaigns to mobilize residents to keep their sites clean.

In Baidoa, IOM initiated a clean-up campaign in 240 sites. 1,921 people volunteered from January to December 2019, cleaning the garbage in 240 IDP sites of Baidoa, which has improved the cleanness and safety of the sites. In addition, IOM constructed a 2.9 KM access road to the relocation site to ensure reliable access for partners, service providers and residents. In Doolow, IOM constructed two waste management pits for proper disposal of waste. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 17

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE in each of the areas - Doolow (2); Kismayo (3); and Baidoa of the community to external partners (NGOs, UN etc.). (9). At these centres, information on services was provided IOM organized monthly meetings between CMCs and about IOM related services or an NGO service provider service providers working in these sites so that they have an were submitted through the multi-sectoral complaint and opportunity to meet with partners and provide feedback on feedback mechanism. IOM coordinated and followed up the services they were receiving. In Doolow, 35 community on the information exchange between the partner and the coordination meetings were conducted and a committee complainant for a timely resolution. for people with special needs was formed in both sites. This CFM Dashboard link was the first time people with disabilities have participated in governance structures in the IDP sites in Doolow. In Support to community governance Kismayo, 100 rechargeable solar torches were distributed to community watch groups to support their work. In Baidoa, structures IOM also facilitated 72 Community High Committee meetings To support community governance structures, IOM supported and 253 site leader meetings, which brought together camp the creation of an inclusive and accountable camp management management and the IDP community to better understand committee (CMC). This group represented the interests and respond to community needs.

IOM supported IDP site in Kismayo © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019

Movement Trend Tracking (MTT) IOM continued to conduct Movement Trend Tracking (MTT) MAIN REASONS FOR MOVEMENT in Baidoa, Doolow and Kismayo. Data from MTT aimed to complement existing information management products on displacements and movements, by providing site level 52% INSECURITY specific data on population movements on a regular basis, to assist agencies operating in sites and settlements with key 27% SHORTAGE OF FOOD information on: demographics of movement, area of origin, area of return/onward movement, reasons for movement and movement trends over time.

DOOLOW IDP Sites KISMAYO IDP Sites BAIDOA IDP Sites 3,222 6,789 24,562 People ENTERED People ENTERED People ENTERED 880 722 2,091 People EXITED People EXITED People EXITED MTTs dashboard MTTs dashboard MTTs dashboard IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 18

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX (DTM)

IOM Somalia’s Displacement Tracking Matrix strives to provide localized, up-to-date information on the basic needs of the target population, cross border mobility, displacement figures and trends in drought-affected areas.

Mobility Tracking In 2019, mobility tracking was completed in Somaliland, As part of IOM’s efforts to continue to accurately monitor Puntland, Galmudug, Lower Juba and Gedo regions, across the movement (entries/exits) of individuals at key border 24 districts. A total of 260,073 movements were observed crossing points and IDP camps, IOM conducted several at Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs). trainings for enumerators on mobility tracking in Hargeisa, Dhobley, Kismayo, Galckayo, Bossaso and Doolow. A total 2019 Flow monitoring Report number of 110 enumerators were trained.

During 2019, DTM trained a total of 110 enumerators across Somalia © IOM Somalia 2019 A total of 260,073 movements were observed at Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs)

68,842 outgoing flows.

191,231 incoming flows.

110 enumerators trained

18 government officials trained IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 19

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH)

IOM Somalia’s WASH emergency programmes are focused on the immediate provision of water, sanitation, and hygiene services to affected populations across Somalia. Besides humanitarian support, the WASH team provides sustainable long-term support through capacity building of the government.

122 WATER INFRASTRUCTURE 18,000 HOUSEHOLDS received standardized hygiene kits AND SUPPLY SYSTEMS supported with operations and maintenance

900 SANITATION FACILITIES 44 MINI WATER SYSTEMS 56 MINI WATER SYSTEMS 22 WATER SOURCES installed and sustained constructed in shallow wells constructed, rehabilitated and upgraded

Distribution of hygiene kits in the south of Somalia © IOM Somalia 2019

Emergency Support TEMPORARY ACCESS SUSTAINED ACCESS IOM Somalia scaled up its operations and capacities within Somalia in 86,642 442,648 response to the droughts and floods in people people 2019. IOM provided: 46,653 women and 247,722 women and 39,989 men had temporary 194,926 men had sustained Construction of access to clean water access to clean water with 900 sanitation 66,341,700 5,482,692,400 facilities litres litres providing 108,000 individuals with of clean water of clean water access to emergency sanitation through vouchers services IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 20

Beneficiaries using the water sypply system constructed by IOM in Galkayo, Somalia © Hamza Osman/IOM Somalia 2019

Capacity Building

In 2019, IOM built the capacity of government line ministries to the Ministry of Water. IOM trained them and paid their at both the Federal Government level, as well as Federal monthly salaries throughout 2019. Member States, to support WASH services across the country. This was achieved through the provision of technical In addition, IOM also built the capacity of communities in capacity development training to water ministry officials on 2019. A total of 175 community members were trained on project development, project management and monitoring safe hygiene and sanitation practices and monitoring and and evaluation. The human resources capacity in the maintenance of water infrastructure. government was boosted in 2019, with 25 officials seconded

65 30 women, 30 men 25 9 women, 16 men 50 25 women, 25 men 40 20 women, 20 men HYGIENE PROMOTORS WATER MONITORS WATER USERS SANITATION COMMITTEES were trained on health were trained on AND COMMITTEES were trained on solid and hygiene practices water testing were trained on waste management and water quality safe operations and monitoring maintenance of the water infrastructure IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 21

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

Construction of Ministries of Water Buildings for Enhanced Workspace and Efficiency

IOM supported the Ministry of Water with the construction of their offices in Mogadishu, Garowe, Kismayo, Galmuduug and Baidoa, with funding from the African Development Bank. Office buildings were designed and constructed in coordination with the Ministry. In 2019, construction was finalized, and the offices were officially handed over to the Ministry. The new office buildings will provide the infrastructure necessary for the Ministry to effectively implement their duties and thereby improve the governance of water. Newly constructed Ministry of Water in Mogadishu , Somalia © Hamza Osman/IOM Somalia 2019

IDPs accessing IOM’s water supplies in Baidoa, Somalia © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019 Launch of Kismayo – Baidoa Water project

IOM, with funding from the African Development Bank, launched a USD 12 million project focused on increasing access to safe water, improved sanitation and strengthening capacity for improved delivery of water and sanitation services in Kismayo and Baidoa towns. The project aims to reduce economic and social exclusion of poor and vulnerable groups in the two towns, where an estimated 65 per cent of the population lives below the basic needs poverty line and 70 per cent of the population is younger than 30 years of age and often unemployed. It will improve the access to a safe and reliable water supply.

Capacity Building for Improved Water Testing

IOM continued to provide capacity building for government officials on how to better manage and monitor water resources. For example, through funding from the African Development Bank, IOM distributed water quality monitoring kits, containing tools and instruments to monitor the quality of water to the Ministry of Water in different regions of Somalia. In order to ensure the successful usage of the kits by the recipients, IOM conducted three training sessions in Baidoa, Kismayo and Mogadishu. The aim of the training was to instruct the participants on how to test the quality of water and how to create water risk analysis.

“I hope I can create awareness in my surrounding and at the Ministry about the importance of water quality monitoring. I look forward to instructing water users and committees on how to conduct simple tests” - Read more from Abdifatah, who participated in the training. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 22

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE HEALTH

IOM delivers and promotes comprehensive, preventive and curative health programmes which are beneficial, accessible, and equitable for migrants and mobile populations.

Bridging the needs of both migrants and IOM member states, IOM, in close collaboration with partners, contributes towards the physical, mental and social well-being of migrants, enabling them and host communities to achieve social and economic development. IOM Somalia aims to deliver primary health care services for migrants and mobile populations who face many obstacles in accessing essential 608,876 beneficiariesassisted health care services due to a number of factors including the with curative and preventive health services reoccurring drought and continuous conflict. IOM staff monitors the phramacy in Ceel-Cadde Health Centre, Somaliland, with the resident health worker © Hyungbin Lim / IOM Somalia 2019

EXPANSION OF STAFF IOM is active across all regions of Somalia, with a strong presence across all major cities and strategic migration routes, including Jubbaland (Gedo and Lower Juba), Southwest State (Lower Shabelle, Bakool, and Bay), Banadir, Hirshabelle (Hiraan), Puntland (Mudug, Nugaal, Bari), and Somaliland (Sool, Sanaag, Hargeisa, Berbera). In 2019, IOM 26 TECHNICAL AND MANAGERIAL STAFF based in expanded its staffing, with 26 technical and managerial staff based in 13 locations across the country. IOM also 13 LOCATIONS across Somalia expanded its primary healthcare and nutrition service delivery across Somalia, operating 53 medical clinics across five states and 12 regions of Somalia. This included 32 health EXPANSION OF PRIMARY HEALTHCARE centres, 16 mobile medical teams, three transit centres, and AND NUTRITION SERVICE DELIVERY two migrant resource centres. In addition, IOM operated 12 therapeutic nutrition clinics integrated into the primary 53 MEDICAL CLINICS across healthcare facilities. 5 states and 12 regions of Somalia To enable the provision of maternity services and higher quality outpatient care at high volume clinics in conflict- 12 THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION CLINICS affected areas, IOM upgraded six health facilities to enable integrated into the primary healthcare facilities the delivery of maternity services, and constructed two new referral health centres.

32 16 3 2 HEALTH CENTRES MOBILE MEDICAL TEAMS TRANSIT CENTRES MIGRATION RESOURCE CENTRES IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 23

Boosting Health Activities Through IOM Cross-Unit Collaboration

IOM is capitalizing on its internal expertise to collaborate and integrate various programmes in Somalia. As a result, the Health and Labour Mobility and Human Development (LHD) units collaborated to deploy diaspora specialist doctors to IOM-supported Ministry of Health clinics in extremely remote areas of Sanaag in Somaliland. The team of doctors under the MIDA FINNSOM project provided one week of on-the-job training to primary healthcare workers on Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in the remote towns of Gar-adag and Huluul (El-Afweyn district), funded by USAID. Leveraging the comparative advantage of different units within IOM has allowed IOM to utilize and integrate specific skills/capacity.

Delivering emergency and which was hit particularly hard by the flooding with thousands displaced. IOM also responded to the cyclone in Puntland lifesaving primary healthcare deploying mobile medical teams to the remote coastal areas and nutrition services of Caluula and Bargaal. IOM’s clinics delivered front-line primary healthcare and nutrition services in communities across Somalia. The health Throughout 2019, IOM also responded to several outbreaks facilities provided services in line with the Somalia Essential of measles and cholera/acute watery diarrhoea. In response Package of Health Services (EPHS), including antenatal care, to a spike in malaria incidence in heavily flooded areas, IOM maternity services and immunization, curative outpatient provided long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets (LLINs) services, prevention and treatment of communicable and enhanced malaria diagnosis and treatment. diseases, screening for malnutrition, and health education. IOM’s nutrition clinics (Outpatient Therapeutic Points, Community Health Initiatives OTPs) provided ready-to-use therapeutic food for children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and comprehensive Implementing community health initiatives to increase clinical care and management, while also providing education uptake of services and improve health and training on proper feeding practices (Infant and Young Community outreach was embedded in all primary healthcare Child Feeding, IYCF). and nutrition service delivery, with health workers providing medical services and health education in catchment communities at least twice weekly. In 2019, IOM started Response to droughts, flooding Integrated Community Case Management (ICCM) and other and cyclones initiatives including activation of community health committees to improve uptake of preventive services, while utilizing health IOM initiated two concurrent emergency responses promotion approaches to improve health behaviours and to provide vital medical assistance for drought-induced practices at individual and community level. displacement. IOM deployed eight mobile medical teams in the northern regions of Somaliland and Puntland, while later IOM piloted an initiative to improve immunization coverage deploying 11 mobile teams in Southwest State and Jubbaland. and early malnutrition diagnosis among internally displaced In response to mass flooding, IOM contributed vital medical persons (IDPs), positioning mobile vaccination teams at supplies for affected areas that were largely inaccessible due strategic points where new IDPs enter urban centres, and to conflict, and provided static and mobile health services. following up at community level to ensure the children IOM deployed mobile teams to Beletweyne (Hirshabelle complete the immunization series. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 24

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

New Clinics

One of the clinics in which IOM has expanded its services is the Allanley Health Centre in Kismayo. In 2019, it was rehabilitated and expanded, including the addition of a maternity unit. Following the renovation, the clinic was provided with maternity equipment and two additional midwives were recruited and provided on-job training on basic and emergency obstetric care— for the first time ever, the large IDP settlement in Allanley now has direct access to maternity and delivery services, which is anticipated to reduce maternal mortality from complicated cases and will increase the number of facility-based deliveries (reducing risky home-based deliveries without health professionals).

“I am so happy because my child recovered from the bad malnutrition and he is playing with the other children. I really appreciate the health workers in the Bulagadud clinic for what they did for Hanad and saving his life.” - Read more from Hanad Abdi Aden, a project beneficiary from Bullagadud village, Kismayo.

IOM conducts site monitoring at Garadag Health Centre, Somaliland © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 25

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

Health Systems Strengthening (HSS) IOM health officers in each region provided daily technical and operational support for service delivery; capacity building, direct Health Sector Coordination: Hosting the Global Fund supervision and mentorship of the MoH health workers; and Steering Committee (GFSC) robust clinical quality assurance and monitoring. IOM hosted and coordinated the Global Fund Steering Committee for Somalia, bringing together critical stakeholders Clinical Mentoring to improve quality of care and level from all three regions of the country to enable effective of service delivery for Tuberculosis and HIV management and implementation of Somalia’s Global Fund In late 2019, IOM started implementation of a clinical portfolio, and consequently stronger programming in mentorship project to enhance quality and capacity of HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis. IOM coordinated the many Tuberculosis and HIV in the country’s public referral hospitals interlinked activities and processes required for successful in each major region, with the aim of creating a self-sustaining implementation of the Global Fund grant. system of clinical mentorship that can cascade down to all levels of the health system, and ultimately this will be expanded Human Resources for Health beyond Tuberculosis and HIV to other specialities and diseases. IOM’s utilized MoH human resources in a hybrid service delivery Establishing a strong clinical mentorship system can serve as a model comprising both the Ministry fo Health (MoH) and IOM model approach utilized more broadly in Somalia to improve staff. MoH-seconded staff delivered clinical services, while the quality and level of service delivery at hospital level.

IOM conducts site monitoring at Garadag Health Centre, Somaliland © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 26

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS (S-NFI)

IOM manages and distributes a stock of emergency shelter materials and non-food items to respond immediately to arising displacement emergencies. S-NFI also provides cash-based interventions for IDP sites to encourage ownership, integration and participation of the displaced populations within the local market and the host communities.

Depending on the affected community’s vulnerabilities, assets, structures where appropriate. In Mogadishu, IOM managed capacities, and preferences, identified populations are provided the S-NFI contingency stock, accessible to cluster partners to with emergency transitional shelters or more permanent respond to emergencies.

IOM staff manages the NFI kits in Contingency Stock warehouse in Mogadishu, Somalia © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019

S-NFI Contingency Stock IOM extended its support to the S-NFI Cluster in 2019 by In 2019, IOM released the IOM Contingency Stock establishing a warehouse and contingency stock accessible Guidelines. The guideline marked a significant step in the to cluster partners. Initiation of common supplies greatly ability to quickly and clearly communicate the availability and improved the response capacity of S-NFI partners and a total proper use of contingency stock in Somalia. of nine partners signed up for access to common contingency stocks. With the establishment of the common contingency The IOM managed S-NFI contingency stock consisted of stocks, IOM aims to address top two key weaknesses of 10,300 emergency NFI kits (sheets, blankets, sleeping mats, humanitarian interventions by improving timeliness of response mosquito nets, kitchen sets and jerrycans). A total of 7,630 and efficient supply chain. emergency NFI kits were distributed to flood and drought affected households. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 27

3/ HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

Cash-Based Interventions IOM has been increasingly exploring and implementing cash shift has an impact beyond direct beneficiaries, injecting capital transfer programming in Somalia, especially under the S-NFI in markets and supporting the local economy. programmes. To assess the adequacy and suitability of cash and voucher modality in sites of intervention, a comprehensive set There were two modalities used for the S-NFI CBI responses: of assessments were carried out at each site. The assessments 1. UNCONDITIONAL: semi-restricted vouchers for shelter included market and vendor assessment, and the shelter and and/or non-food Items (direct implementation, in partnership NFI needs of vulnerable populations in both IDP sites and with local vendors). host communities. Focus group discussions and questionnaires 2. CONDITIONAL: restricted vouchers for shelter Items were used in gathering information from the local community, (direct implementation, in partnership with local vendors) with authorities and beneficiaries. conditional, unrestricted cash transfer (conditional upon successful completion of shelter upgrades using the shelter items). IOM led the shift from in-kind assistance to cash-based interventions by laying foundation of modus operandi and In some cases, this was complemented by a small unconditional advocating for the shift at cluster level. As of now, 70 per cent and unrestricted cash transfer, to cover the transportation and of responses are through restricted cash vouchers. Overall the other service fees.

USD713,500 6,850 total transfer value total number of household assisted through CBI

IOM staff manages the NFI kits in Contingency Stock warehouse in Mogadishu, Somalia © Hyungbin Lim/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 28 4/ STABILIZATION, RECOVERY AND DURABLE SOLUTIONS

4/ STABILIZATION, RECOVERY AND DURABLE SOLUTIONS RETURN, RECOVERY AND DURABLE SOLUTIONS (RDS)

IOM promotes durable solutions to displacement for IDPs and returnees, and works to prevent displacement in conflict prone areas through community stabilization and early recovery activities.

IOM’s RDS programmes are guided by Midnimo (Unity in 45 INFRASTRUCTURAL Somali) methodology: a government-led and community- CONSTRUCTIONS completed driven approach. This approach aims to build capacity and accountability of relevant governance structures to lead on solutions, provide assistance and (re)integration support 717, 094 PEOPLE to Displacement Affected Communities (DACs) whilst benefited from completed supporting locally led, participatory processes that promote socio-economic infrastructures intra- and inter- community cohesion, peace, and ownership. Through government-led inclusive community planning processes and collective efforts for recovery focused on the most vulnerable, RDS programmes aim to support 9 DISTRICT-LED CAPS developed foundations for peace and reduce drivers of conflict. IOM seeks to bridge humanitarian, development, and peace- and state-building efforts by working in accordance with national 1,274 PEOPLE and subnational priorities and existing aid architecture, with benefited from short-term a range of government and non-governmental stakeholders. employment

Student at a school in Kismayo reconstructed with support from IOM © Rikka Tupaz/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 30

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Durable Solutions - Durable Solutions through Multi-Partner Institutions

IOM continued to work with the community-driven and this reporting period. LORI was developed with the technical government-led approach under Midnimo I (ended in 2019), support from the Monitoring and Evaluation of the Somalia Midnimo II and the IOM-led Durable Solution Consortium, Humanitarian Programme (MESH) of the Department for Danwadaag, building on the lessons learnt from Midnimo I. The International Development (DFID) to measure local (re) aim of these projects is to enhance durable solutions towards integration of the targeted IDPs and returnees. LORI aims reduced displacement and (re)integration of displacement to inform the programme design by comparing the situation affected communities. of the IDP’s and returnees to that of the host community, and to monitor progress towards (re)integration. The evidence During the last quarter of 2019 (October to December), will provide a better understanding of the services and factors DanwadaagACHIEVEMENTS carried out the ANDLocal AREAS(Re)Integration OF INTERVENTIONS Index influencing IN local 2019 (re)integration and will allow the appropriate (LORI) baseline survey in all the project operation areas during allocation of resources and activities.

717,094 316,218 400,876 9 43 6 1,274 RDS Activities 2019 RDS ACTIVITIES AT DISTRICT LEVEL IN 2019

ABUDWAQ CAP developed 1 in Abudwaq

BELET WEYNE CAPs developed in Mataban and Belet 2 Weyne Critical public infrastructure BULO BURTO 2 completed in Mataban CAP developed in Sports / arts event 1 Bulo burto 1 held in Mataban Critical public infrastructure completed 1 in Bulo Burto BAIDOA Sports / arts event 1 held in Bulo Burto Critical public 12 infrastructure Peacebuilding completed in Baidoa 1 awareness in Bulo HOBYO Burto Sports / arts event 1 held in Baidoa CAP 1 developed in Hobyo Afbarwaaqo-Towfiq DOOLOW 1 mediation process Critical public 4 infrastructure completed in Doolow JALALAQSI Community Action 1 Plan in Jalalaqsi GARBAHAREY JOWHAR CAPs developed Critical public Sports / arts event in Jowhar and 1 held in Jalalaqsi infrastructure 2 Mahaday 3 completed in Garbaharey

AFMADOW CADALE Critical public BANADIR Community Action 4 infrastructure 1 Plan in Cadale completed in Afmadow Cash-for-Work in targeted 7 priority districts in support of Critical public Mogadishu stabilization plan infrastructure 2 completed in Cadale KISMAYO Sports / arts event 1 held in Cadale Critical public AFGOOYE BALCAD 7 infrastructure completed in Critical public Critical public Gobweyne and Bulagaduud infrastructure villages 1 infrastructure 2 completed in Sabiid completed in Balcad village Sports / arts event JAMAAME 1 held in Balcad XUDUR Critical public infrastructure Critical public 3 completed in Qamqam infrastructure village 2 completed in Xudur

Community Action Critical public Plans infrastructure projects Sports/ arts Cash-for-Work Reconciliation

GOVERNMENT PARTNERS AND DONORS IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 31

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Community Action Plans (CAP) – What are they?

As part of the government-led and community focused approach, IOM’s infrastructure projects are part of Community Action Plans (CAP). The Community Action Plans are the result of an inclusive, consultative process, bringing different groups of the community together with local authorities and government officials. CAPs contain the community priorities for stabilization and early recovery and reflect the outcome of a five-day inclusive process/workshop with a diverse group of individuals. Projects included in the CAP are aimed at government-led inclusive access to basic services, conflict reduction and peacebuilding. The development and review of a CAP is supported by the Core Facilitation Team (CFT) who are the government focal points for the community, guiding the community members in risk mapping, activity prioritisation, needs assessments as well as analysis on community capacity and drivers of conflict and displacement.

Once a CAP has been developed, the government authorities invite all actors to a CAP launch event to provide a platform for validation from the broader community on the contents of the plan. When the implementation of the projects that were included in the CAP begins, the government will invite the actors to a ground breaking ceremony to celebrate the initiation of the construction. Similarly, a handover event is held when the project has been finalised. The ground breaking and handover ceremonies are attended by dignitaries as well as community members who are directly benefitting from the project. The events aim at creating transparency and accountability to the state government officials who are leading the process as well as building trust between people and agencies involved in the CAP and their trust to the CAP process.

A woman participating in a discussion with the IOM in Barwaqo 2 IDP site, Somalia © Rikka Tupaz/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 32

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Stabilization

As part of the cross-sectoral approach, IOM’s stabilization hard-to-reach areas. In 2019, IOM rehabilitated and expanded activities provide rapid stabilization support in newly liberated two health facilities in Bullagaduud and Gobweyne villages, in areas along the stabilization corridors in Lower Juba region Jamaame district (Jubaland) whilst expanded health services, in Jubaland State and Lower Shabelle region in South West procured higher level equipment and added staffing capacity State. For example in 2019, the collaboration between IOM’s through intensive training, an outpatient programme for RDS, Health and Somalia Stabilization Initiative (SSI) units treatment of children with acute malnutrition and weekly resulted in highly efficient and effective interventions that mobile medical outreach into neighbouring communities. benefit the most vulnerable and neglected populations across The medical outreach contributed to health service provision key sectors. The interventions are carried out at the request including supply of vaccines to communities that otherwise and in collaboration with the government in newly recovered, had no access to health services. See video here.

SOMALIA STABILIZATION INITATIVE (SSI)

IOM supports the Somalia Stabilization Initiative (SSI) funded by USAID/ Office of Transition Initiatives. The aim is to provide stabilization assistance to communities living in areas recently recovered from violent extremist groups and aims to reduce the risks of destabilizing factors. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 33

4/ STABILIZATION, RECOVERY AND DURABLE SOLUTIONS DISENGAGEMENT, DISASSOCIATION, REINTEGRATION AND RECONCILIATION (DDRR)

IOM works with marginalized youth at risk in Preventing Violent Extremism (PVE) and supports the Federal Government of Somalia’s National Programme for the Treatment and Handling of Disengaged Combatants. 456 180 1,690 MEN RECEIVED WOMEN RECEIVED PARTICIPANTS IN religious counselling, civic and religious basic household support and monthly COMMUNITY INITIATIVES education and vocational training, including stipends, religious counselling, basic to support and promote successful social basic literacy, numeracy and literacy and numeracy skills, civic and reintegration process. business skills training religious education, vocational training (233 in Baidoa, 223 in Kismayo) and psychosocial support. (50 in Mogadishu, 50 in Kismayo, 80 in Biadoa) Women in Peacebuilding Household assessments were conducted in Mogadishu, They also benefited from community-based rehabilitation and Kismayo and Baidoa and allowed IOM to assist in the creation reintegration services including case management, literacy of individual support plans. Through this process, highly and numeracy classes, access to livelihood initiatives, as well vulnerable cases were found with specific needs, such as as group religious counselling sessions. While 72 per cent urgent care and educational support. of the beneficiaries could not read nor write prior to their participation in the programme (many had never used pens), In Mogadishu, Kismayo and Baidoa, 180 women who 86 per cent of the women passed the literacy and numeracy disengaged from armed groups received a monthly stipend, exam, meaning that the majority of them are able to master as well as a one-time non-food items tailored to their needs. the alphabet.

Women creating tie dye prints and learning new skills in Baidoa © Mohamud Hajji/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 34

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Rehabilitation Centres

To enhance efforts to respond to violent extremism, the part a ‘graduation approach’ to livelihoods and economic rein- Federal Government of Somalia (FGoS) has taken initiatives tegration, IOM rolled out the ILO Start and Improve Your own to decrease the number of participants in various armed Business curriculum, which will support beneficiaries looking groups and specifically identified the issue of disengagement to start their own business, join an existing business, or form a of combatants as an area of concern. Consequently, together cooperative to generate livelihoods after graduation. with IOM, the FGoS embarked on a process to develop a national programme in 2012 with the aim of establishing a IOM is supporting two Rehabilitation Centres. One in Kismayo comprehensive process that allows for low-risk and low-level and one in Baidoa. Over the course of 2019, 330 disengaged disengaged combatants to reintegrate in communities and combatants graduated from IOM supported Rehabilita- become productive citizens. This led to the establishment tion Centres (137 Kismayo; 193 Baidoa). All individuals who of Rehabilitation Centres in Baidoa and Kismayo where successfully graduated from the programme received access disengaged combatants can rehabilitate and gain skills that will to microfinance in the form of banking and start-up kits and/ allow them to successfully reintegrate into community. The or conditional cash grants to pursue their livelihoods and/or Government of Germany funded the construction of a new educational goals. rehabilitation centre in Baidoa in 2019. IOM also provided trainings on case management for the Disengaged combatants receive electrical, tailoring, masonry male rehabilitation centre staff and social workers supporting and welding vocational training. Literacy and numeracy classes women formerly associated with armed groups and expanded are also taught at the centre to beneficiaries ranging from psychosocial therapy and case management services provided beginner’s classes to intermediate classes. In August 2019, as at the centre level.

Visit of UN Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict On 14 July, the UN’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict (SVC), Ms. Pramila Patten, visited Baidoa, South West State of Somalia. Ms. Patten met with the local women organization implementing the UN Peace Building Fund project to discuss the needs of women’s formerly associated with armed groups. The Special Representative applauded local partners’ hard work and encouraged them to continue mobilizing men and women in their communities to build resilience against armed conflicts. Read more about the visit on this Press Brief Note. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 35 5/ MIGRATION GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT

5/ MIGRATION, GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION AND BORDER MANAGEMENT (IBM)

IOM’s Immigration and Border Management (IBM) programme supports the Government of Somalia in promoting safe and orderly migration, securing borders and building the capacity of immigration officials.

20 BORDER POSTS SUPPORTED 10 airports, 5 seaports, 5 land posts (cumulative)

258 PIECES OF EQUIPMENT provided to border posts

Border Posts

In line with the needs and priorities identified in the Immigration and Naturalization Directorate (IND) Strategic Plan (2018-2019) and in support of government’s efforts to combat irregular migration and protect vulnerable migrants, construction of the land border post in Ras Kamboni was finalized, through funding from the Government of Japan. This border post will aid the government in enhancing its capacity to monitor and control borders more effectively.

IOM Somalia with the technical support of the African Capacity government agencies in relation to border management, Building Centre (ACBC) conducted a series of specialized and promote a new level of coordination between them; to trainings and workshops on Transnational Organized Crime develop a common understanding and respond effectively and (TOC). The training held in February in Mogadishu brought in a more coordinated manner to the transnational and cross- together senior government officials in the security sector border security risks and threats in the region. Discussions including immigration, policy makers and intelligence agencies, centred on international, regional and bilateral cooperation officials involved in daily operational activities at ports of entries mechanisms in place and the gaps that exist to adequately including; customs, travel and tourism agencies as well as officers address the phenomenon of transnational crime. It also from Interpol. The workshops aimed to develop a framework provided the space to build transnational networks amongst for better interagency cooperation between the different intelligence, police and immigration. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 37

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Immigration Law Fraud Detection Unit

In January 2019, the review of the Immigration Act and its IOM established and equipped a Fraud Detection Unit in relevant laws in Somalia was finalized by the Immigration Mogadishu, a specialized unit within the Immigration and Law Expert and presented to the Director General of the Naturalization Directorate (IND), to contribute to the Immigration and Naturalization Directorate (IND). The goal effective management of Somalia’s borders to address irregular of reviewing the Immigration Law in Somalia was to bolster migration and ensure legal passage into and through the immigration management and by extension, security, through country. The bourgeoning unit has received technical training a clearer legal framework; which has become one of the on document examination, security documents and fraud critical challenges for Somalia with the country experiencing detection to enhance their capacity to intercept, examine an increase in migrants crossing its border posts. and analyse fraudulent documents. The aim of the training was to increase the capacity of the IND to detect fraudulent documents using advanced technology in addition to producing MIDAS Equipment and Training technical reports and alerts. Specialized equipment was also provided to the department to improve immigration’s capacity IOM supports Somalia’s effective Border Management to facilitate document examination for fraud detection. Some Information System through the provision of MIDAS, IOM’s of this equipment includes magnifiers, a document authenticity proprietary software, as well as through hardware, training verification device, spectral luminescent microscopes and and technological expertise. office furniture.

MIDAS equipment with its accessories including webcams, passport readers and 4-4-2 fingerprint readers was released Human Resources Information from the port of Mogadishu. The equipment was installed in Management System (HRMIS) eight ports of entry (PoEs), namely Adado Airport, Doloow and Dhobley Land Posts, Kismayo and Berbera Seaports, The Human Resource Information Management System Hargeisa Airport, Loyado and Wajale Land posts. (HRMIS) was finalized in early 2019 with the aim to develop a standardized process of managing human resources at the IND. A MIDAS Alert list training for immigration officers from eight PoE Training for selected immigration officers on the operation and in Mogadishu was held at the request of the INDs Director General use of the HRIMS was also conducted and included data entry and was conducted by IOM’s MIDAS IT officer. The purpose was of the staff files at the immigration headquarters in Mogadishu. to familiarize the participants with the MIDAS alert list feature that identifies wanted individuals or flagged travel documents. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 38

5/ MIGRATION, GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT LABOUR MOBILITY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (LHD)

The Labour Mobility and Human Development (LHD) programme focuses its intervention on promoting pathways of labour migration, enhancing coordination for diaspora engagement, strengthening institutional capacity and mitigating the drivers of irregular migration.

Since 2008, IOM has actively supported the role of Long-term impact and sustainability is further strengthened diaspora as key development actors in Somalia. Through through the assignments of local professionals and junior diaspora experts, IOM ensures that skills and knowledge professionals (interns), who benefit from diaspora experts’ are transferred to host institutions and retained by national daily mentoring and training. staff once the diaspora experts complete their assignments. MIDA PARTICIPANTS SINCE 2009 10 Years anniversary MIDA Finnsom DIASPORA EXPERTS deployed IOM and the Government of Somaliland celebrated the 535 Migration for Development in Africa (MIDA) Finnsom from COUNTRIES 10th anniversary in February 2019. Key achievements and 60 lessons learned were presented. IOM also acknowledged the role of key partners that successfully contributed to 127 LOCAL EXPERTS trained the project in Somaliland. Two panel discussions were also held - focused respectively on “diaspora and development” 60 JUNIOR PROFESSIONALS and and on “improving child and mother healthcare services”. INTERNS trained After a decade of facilitating international and national The programme supports the efforts of the experts to contribute to building key sectors such as health Government of Somalia to achieve its National and education, IOM has observed the concrete impact this Development Plan and Sustainable Development Goals programme has had over time. using and nurturing Somali talent.

Local nuse in Burco Regional Hospital as part of the MIDA FINNSOM Diaspora doctor Abdullahi Abdi Yusuf in Burco Regional Hospital as part of the programme © Jan Van’t Land/IOM Somalia 2019 MIDA FINNSOM programme. © Jan Van’t Land/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 39

National Expert Recruitment

In previous years, the focus of the MIDA project was on recruited national experts about FINNSOM IV project, diaspora experts; however, based on observing regional reporting responsibilities and other HR-related issues. needs, IOM started the recruitment of national experts who will work in regional hospitals. In 2019, 41 national experts IOM also completed the recruitment of 22 national experts were recruited to work at 18 institutions in 15 locations. (8 female) to work in regional hospitals in Hargeisa, Berbera, Buroa, Gabilay, Borama, Lasanod, Salahlay, Odwayne and The Somaliland Ministry of Health Development (MoHD) Erigavo. The newly recruited experts join 27 medical together with IOM completed the recruitment process for professionals who are currently on board. The team will play 14 medical professionals who were deployed to the six main a critical role in contributing towards implementation of the regional hospitals, joining 29 medical experts who are already Somaliland Ministry of Health’s strategy to improve maternal engaged in the capacity building of the hospitals. Prior to and child health in Somaliland. taking up their assignments, an orientation workshop and capacity-building training was held to educate the newly

“We have been able to “Documentation was “I started everything train nurses. They are the new to staff, we needed from zero. For now I am backbone of the hospital. some time to train staff doing basic operations Unless you train them, on the importance of and attending patients you will continue to face documentation, but now with ENT problems.” challenges.” everyone is using it.”

Local non-communicable disease Local gyneoclogist doctor Hawa, in Local Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) (NCD) doctor Bashir, in Berbera Borama Regional Hospital specialist doctor Abdurahman, in Regional Hospital Borama Regional Hospital IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 40

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Emergency Coordination Centre The new Emergency Coordination Centre (ECC) in Mogadishu, is a step closer to being a reality as the first training was held for 28 participants. The training was conducted by the SIDA MIDA funded diaspora advisor who was recruited to set up the ECC. After being opened by the Minister and Director General of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management, the training provided an overview of the general emergency management circle, including an organigram of the ECC. The session further covered different stakeholders, partners, ownership, structure and competencies required in a national emergency coordination centre.

Global Migration Film Festival At the Somali National University in Mogadishu, four diaspora experts were assigned to work on education. Through these experts, IOM organized a screening at the University as part of the Global Migration Film Festival on 15 December 2019, which was the first ever screening in Mogadishu. The event, at which IOM screened the movie ‘Dying for Europe’, attracted approximately 50 students. After the screening, a lively discussion took place between the students and the panel, consisting of IOM staff and lecturers. The students wanted to know what IOM is doing in the area of migration, they raised their concerns touching upon the difficulty of findings jobs in Somalia after graduation, observing that it seems to be easier for diaspora to find a job. However, one of the panellists, a female student, mentioned that romanticizing Europe and the lifestyle abroad is leading to an unrealistic picture of migration. She encouraged the students to be open minded and positive regarding the job market, and reminded them that they are the future of the country and that they can shape the future of their country.

Women’s Charter for Somalia Two diaspora experts contributed to the development of the Women’s Charter for Somalia, through their position as advisor at the Ministry of Women and Human Rights. This Charter was a result of a Somali Women Convention, organized by the advisors. The Charter calls for a 50 per cent quota at all three levels of government, for zero tolerance towards sexual and gender-based violence, socio-economic rights in the form of equal access to land and economic opportunities. The Charter was endorsed by the Prime Minister of the Federal Government of Somalia. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 41

5/ MIGRATION, GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT MIGRANT PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE (MPA)

IOM’s Migrant Protection and Assistance (MPA) programme provides technical expertise in areas of migration policy, administrative and operational practices, procedures for countering human trafficking and smuggling, and direct assistance to migrants.

Returnees from Yemen Through funding from the King Salman Humanitarian Aid Additionally, in order to enhance the reintegration of and Relief Center (KS Relief), IOM together with partners returnees into their communities, IOM constructed continued to support the Government of Somalia in their community centres in Bossaso and Borao. These centres efforts to receive and assist returning Somali nationals. will be locations where the local government and the In 2019, a total of 1,682 Somalis were assisted with safe community will organize activities with the host community and dignified return from Yemen to Somalia. Upon arrival, and returnees. Additionally, IOM expanded the office of the returnees were taken to the Migrant Reception Centre National Displacement and Refugee Agency with additional in Berbera, where medical screening was conducted rooms to be used by the returnees department and KSrelief and onward transportation assistance was provided. supported the construction of a clinic in Bossaso. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 42

MIGRANTS RETURNING TO SOMALIA IN 2019

2 7 Norway Finland 1 Denmark The Netherlands 4 15 Germany 4 19 2 Belgium 1 Austria 2 1 Switzerland Georgia 2 Greece China 163 4 743 Tunisia Saudi Arabia 4 Libya Egypt India 11 1,682 8 10 2,358 India Niger Sudan Yemen 6 Thailand 3 South Sudan Malaysia 27 SOMALIA

Indonesia

Post-arrival assistance to Assisted spontaneous arrival Assisted Voluntary Return migrants returning from the to Somali asylum seekers and and Reintegration (AVRR) Kingdom of Saudi Arabia refugees from Yemen

213 Returnees assisted 743 Returnees assisted 1,682 Returnees assisted in through the EU-IOM under the Regional coordination with UNHCR Joint Initative Migration Response Plan (RMRP) 83 Returnees received from other IOM Missions There were also 2,358 spontaneous returns from Yemen, Returnees assisted from Indonesia which IOM assisted with post-arrival assistance Returnees assisted from Malaysia Returnees assisted from Netherlands Returnees assisted from Norway Returnees assisted from Switzerland Returnees assisted from Thailand Returnees assisted from Saudi Arabia IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 43

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Reintegration Support Sustainable reintegration occurs when returnees achieve economic self-sufficiency, social stability within their communities, and psychosocial well-being that allows them to cope with (re)migration drivers. Having achieved sustainable reintegration, returnees are able to make future migration decisions as a matter of choice, rather than as a necessity. To support the attainment sustainable reintegration, IOM adopted a holistic and needs-based approach when providing assistance to returnees. IOM’s integrated approach addresses three dimensions of reintegration (economic, social, and psychosocial):

The economic dimension relates to re-entering their economic life and sustained livelihoods. In 2019, 242 returnees (226 men, 16 women) were assisted with in-kind support for individual microbusiness start-up and 56 (48 Computer literacy training for Somali returnees through the EU-IOM Joint Initiative © IOM Somalia 2019 men, 8 women) were assisted with in-kind support for collective microbusiness start-up, such as a grocery shop, returnees (142 men and 13 women) received socio-economic tuk-tuk businesses and livestock. In 2019, 112 (103 men, 9 orientation (SEO) counselling sessions. SEO is a platform for women) returnees were trained in a business management returnees to share cultural shocks they encounter and talk training programme Start and Improve Your Business (SIYB) about psychosocial challenges. The counselling focuses on facilitated by ILO certified trainers in Mogadishu, Hargeisa, organization and time management skills, job hunting and Bossaso and Garowe. The main objectives of SIYB are to business plan development strategies. enable potential and existing small entrepreneurs, to start viable businesses and to increase the viability and profitability IOM’s integrated approach deploys reintegration support at the of existing enterprises, and to create quality employment for individual level, and has increased efforts to promote community others and decent living in the process. based reintegration assistance, strengthening community networks and conditions for sustainable reintegration. The social dimension addresses returning migrants’ access to public services and infrastructure in their countries of Community-based reintegration projects are implemented origin, including access to health, education, housing, justice using a participatory approach involving returnees and and social protection schemes. In 2019, 23 returnees (19 their communities of return to identify needs and potential men, 4 women) were referred and provided with medical solutions to address wider needs and concerns. In 2019, IOM treatment. Additionally, two households were assisted with supported the construction of Kerowfogi bridge at Salamey childcare, four returnees were supported with the payment village in Baidoa, South West State, which benefits 150,000 of university fees, five returnees were supported with community members (IDPs, returnees and host community). housing, and 33 returnees received a digital literacy basic The infrastructure had been identified as priority by the training (as part of an IOM/UNDP collaboration). community to facilitate safe travel during rainy seasons.

The psychosocial dimension encompasses the reinsertion In 2019, IOM also organized community consultations between of returning migrants into personal support networks (friends, IOM, community based organizations, and local government relatives, neighbours) and civil society structures (associations, officials. Two consultations were held in Mogadishu and focused self-help groups, other organizations and civic life generally). on livelihood and reintegration and waste management; while In 2019, five returnees were referred and provided with an additional two consultations were held in Hargeisa and Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) and 155 Burao focused on psychosocial CBI and climate adaptive CBI. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 44

5/ MIGRATION, GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT

Migration Response Centre

In order to address critical gaps in essential protection and (e.g., from the Ministry of Health), and with available services referral assistance, IOM established a network of MRCs at ranging from: medical assistance; assisted voluntary return and strategic locations along key migration routes in the East and reintegration; emergency assistance (e.g., shelter, non-food Horn of Africa. These MRCs facilitate timely identification items, cash for food, hygiene kits); psychosocial support; and protection of migrants in need, where beneficiaries counselling and screening; protection (e.g., for unaccompanied can access individualized assistance. MRCs are permanent minors and victims of trafficking); and awareness-raising. response mechanisms staffed by government personnel

MRC BOSSASSO MRC HARGEISA 3,222 Migrants registered 1,256 Migrants registered 1,438 Healthcare provided 2,637 Healthcare provided 392 Assisted Voluntary Return (AVR) 299 Assisted Voluntary Return (AVR) Reached with awareness Reached with awareness 5,819 campaigns 1,285 campaigns

Support to Ethiopian Migrants To more effectively assist Ethiopian migrants in Somalia, IOM provided screening services in collaboration with the Ethiopian consulate and plans are in place to support the Ethiopian Community Centre. Additionally, the IOM Bossaso team contacted the Ethiopian Consulate to issue travel documents for the registered cases of Assisted Voluntary Return (AVR).

IOM held focus group discussions to better understanding current migration trends and the challenges faced by individuals traveling to Bosasso and while in transit attempting to reach Yemen. In Bossaso, IOM explored with Ethiopian community leaders the potential services that could be provided to migrants, particularly the provision of temporary shelter and the referral of migrants to existing services.

Ethiopian returnee waits for IOM transport to return to Ethiopia © Carlotta Panchetti/IOM Somalia 2019 IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 45

5/ MIGRATION, GOVERNANCE AND DEVELOPMENT

Job Fair On International Migrants Day (IMD), 18 December 2019, the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Federal Government of Somalia, launched the Mogadishu Job Fair 2019, in collaboration with Hano Academy, Khibrad Recruitment Agency, and was supported by IOM.

The Minister, H.E. Sadik Warfa, mentioned in his speech that “the government is committed to work with private sector and UN agencies to boost job opportunities for youth and the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs is ready to promote economic opportunity for all.”

More than 500 participants attended the job fair, including business corporations, universities, job placement agencies, training institutes, Somali youth and returning migrants assisted through EU-IOM Joint Initiative Programme. Panel discussions focused on new employment opportunities for youth and returning migrants in Somalia and career counsellors offered advice on ways to increase employability. After the discussions the visitors were able to visit different booths set up by businesses, companies, institutes and organizations; and recruiters actively engaged with the youth. IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 46

THANK YOU TO OUR DONORS IOM SOMALIA 2019 PROGRAMMATIC OVERVIEW 47

CONTACT IOM SOMALIA

PROGRAMME SUPPORT UNIT [email protected] www.iom.int/countries/Somalia

IOM Somalia /iomsomalia