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Benjamin Franklin: in Search of a Better World

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Brochure 6 10/4/07 4:53 PM Page 1 BACK COVER FRONT COVER EXHIBIT SITES Benjamin Franklin: In Search of a Better World Being ignorant is not so much a Shame, Benjamin Franklin: In Search of a Better World is being enjamin Franklin was one of the most remarkable and displayed at 40 libraries throughout the United States. For a DIPLOMAT B influential Americans of any generation. In his own time, he stood as being unwilling to learn.—Poor Richard’s Almanack, 1755 schedule of exhibition locations and display times, please visit SCIENTIST http://www.ala.org/publicprograms; contact the American out in the distinguished company of George Washington, John Library Association Public Programs Office, 50 E. Huron St., PHILOSOPHER Adams, Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson as a wise and Chicago, IL 60611; or call 1-800-545-2433, ext. 5045. PHILANTHROPIST pragmatic leader during America’s move towards independence. Benjamin Franklin: In Search of a Better World is a national Franklin was a diplomat, scientist, philosopher, philanthropist, traveling exhibition for libraries organized by the Benjamin HUMORIST Franklin Tercentenary and the American Library Association humorist and entrepreneur who left us with an astounding array Public Programs Office. It is based on a major exhibition of the ENTREPRENEUR of achievements and writings through which we can come to know same name mounted by the Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary to commemorate the 300th anniversary of Franklin’s birth. The him better. His life was filled with many successes and some setbacks, A Traveling Exhibition to America’s Libraries Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary is a nonprofit organization but he undertook everything he did in order to be useful to himself supported by a major grant from The Pew Charitable Trusts. and to society. In a letter to his mother, he once declared, “I would To learn more about the Tercentenary exhibition, please visit http://www.benfranklin300.org/ rather have it said, ‘He lived usefully,’ than, ‘He died rich.’ ” The traveling exhibition for libraries has been made Portrait of Benjamin Franklin, 1787 possible by a major grant from the National Endowment Charles Willson Peale for the Humanities: great ideas brought to life. Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, bequest of Mrs. Sarah Harrison (The Joseph Harrison, Jr. Collection) Photo courtesy of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts Any views, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this brochure do not necessarily reflect those of the National The Pennsylvania Gazette, no. 422, Endowment for the Humanities. January 6-13, 1736/37 Philadelphia: Benjamin Franklin, 1736/37 Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Curators: Rosalind Remer, Ph.D., and Page Talbott, Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Photo by Peter Harholdt Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary, Philadelphia, PA FRONT COVER Design: Chester Design Associates, Chicago, IL Bifocals Constitution of the United States Design suggested by Benjamin Franklin [Philadelphia: Dunlap and Claypoole, 1787] Tour Coordination: American Library Association Frankliniana Collection Printed, with Benjamin Franklin’s The Franklin Institute Inc., Philadelphia handwritten annotations Public Programs Office, Chicago, IL American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia Seal of the Library Company, 1731–1733 Owned by Benjamin Franklin Philip Syng, Jr. Photo by Frank Margeson Library Company of Philadelphia Photo by Peter Harholdt “Electrical battery” of Leyden jars, 1760–1769 American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia Glass Armonica (English), 1761–1762 Owned by Benjamin Franklin Built by Charles James; owned by Benjamin Franklin Photo by Peter Harholdt The Frankliniana Collection, The Franklin Institute, Inc., Philadelphia Benjamin Franklin, 1777 Descended in the family of William Bache Engraving by Augustin de Saint-Aubin after Photo by Peter Harholdt Charles-Nicholas Cochin Collection of Stuart E. Karu Photo by Peter Harholdt Poor Richard, 1733 Philadelphia: Printed and sold by B. Franklin, [1732] Rosenbach Museum & Library, Philadelphia Photo by Peter Harholdt Brochure 6 10/4/07 4:53 PM Page 2 EARLY YEARS A LIFE OF SERVICE AND STUDY STATESMAN AND PATRIOT RELATED READINGS Throughout his life, Benjamin Franklin believed that overcoming Brands, H.W. The First American: The Life and Times of Form of the Pages society’s challenges required mutual action, collaboration and Benjamin Franklin. (New York: Doubleday, 2000). TEMPERANCE generosity on the part of all citizens. He organized the Junto, a Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Eat not to Dulness. group of Philadelphia tradesmen committed to improving Drink not to Elevation. Various publishers and dates. themselves through service to mankind. With their help, Franklin S M T W T F S embarked upon public projects which benefited all citizens and Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin: Writings, edited by J.A. Leo T served as models for other American colonies. In 1731, the Junto Lemay. (New York: The Library of America, 1987). S started the Library Company of Philadelphia, and five years later, Isaacson, Walter. Benjamin Franklin: An American Life. O •• • • • • • • • • • the Union Fire Company, the first firefighting brigade in the (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2003). R city. Franklin and his fellow Junto members also founded the F • • Pennsylvania Hospital, a fire insurance company and an educational Declaration of Independence, June 1776 Lopez, Claude-Anne. My Life with Benjamin Franklin. I • • Philadelphia: John Dunlap, 1776 academy which became the University of Pennsylvania. American Philosophical Society, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000). S • Philadelphia J Franklin’s interest in science and in practical solutions to problems Morgan, Edmund S. Benjamin Franklin. M spurred him to develop many useful devices, among them bifocals, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002). CL swimming fins, the Pennsylvanian Fireplace, also known as the The latter part of Benjamin Franklin’s life was devoted to Talbott, Page, ed. Benjamin Franklin: In Search of a Better World. T Franklin stove, and a new musical instrument, the glass armonica. diplomacy and to negotiations which helped to shape the future of (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005). CH He is perhaps best known for his study of electricity, which included the United States of America. He first rose to political prominence H the legendary experiment with a kite and a key during a lightning as a member, and later, Speaker of the Pennsylvania Assembly. ON THE WEB Chart of Virtues for “Temperance” based on an illustration from Benjamin Franklin’s autobiography storm. Appointed postmaster of Philadelphia in 1737 and deputy Although Franklin was critical of British policies toward America, http://www.benfranklin300.org postmaster general of North America in 1753, Franklin plotted the he wanted to avoid war with England. But he became a powerful The web site of the Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary. best postal routes and set up new post offices to expedite mail force in the fight for independence when he realized conflict was Benjamin Franklin was born in Boston in 1706 into a Puritan delivery, even in the backcountry of America. inevitable, and he forged an alliance with France which was crucial http://www.franklinpapers.org/franklin/ family accustomed to hard work, thriftiness and self-discipline. in winning the Revolutionary War. The Papers of Benjamin Franklin. Although he attended school for only two years, the young Franklin read extensively and worked hard to perfect his writing Franklin was the only person to have signed five of America’s key http://www.librarycompany.org/BFWriter/ The Library Company of Philadelphia online exhibition, style, often imitating the essays of renowned authors. At age 12, he Odometer or Wayweiser (American or French), ca. 1763 founding documents: the Albany Plan of Union (1754), the The Frankliniana Collection, “Benjamin Franklin: Writer and Printer.” was apprenticed to his brother James, a printer, and began The Franklin Institute, Inc., Philadelphia Declaration of Independence (1776), The Treaties of Amity and Owned by Benjamin Franklin http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/franklin-home.html working in the trade that would later bring him great success. Photo by Peter Harholdt Commerce with France (1778), The Treaty of Paris (1783) and the Intellectually precocious, Franklin was penning satirical essays for U.S. Constitution (1787). Three years before his death, Franklin The Library of Congress exhibition, submission to his brother’s newspaper, the New-England Courant, became at age 81 the oldest member of the Constitutional “Benjamin Franklin in His Own Words.” at the age of 16. Convention. In poor health, he nonetheless played a significant role in the “Great Compromise,” which resulted in the legislature Franklin left Boston in 1723 and eventually settled in Philadelphia. of two houses which is today the United States Congress. His last Over the next 25 years, with the help of his wife, Deborah, he years were spent in writing his autobiography, which he did not Portrait bust of Benjamin Franklin, 1779 established a flourishing printing and stationery business and Jean Antoine Houdon complete, and in promoting the abolition of slavery. Philadelphia Museum of Art: published The Pennsylvania Gazette and the renowned Poor Richard’s Purchased with a generous grant from the Barra Foundation, Inc., matched by contributions from the Henry P. McIlhenny Fund Almanack. A sociable,
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