Pucciniosira Cornuta Found on Berberis Nepaulensis in Thailand
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日菌報 62: 31－34，2021 Note タイで見出された Berberis nepaulensis に寄生するサビキン Pucciniosira cornuta 1, 2）＊ 3） 2） 2, 4） 小野 義隆 ･ 岡根 泉 ･Jintana UNARTNGAM ･Chanjira AYAWONG 1）茨城大学教育学部，〒 310‒8512 茨城県水戸市文京 2）Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand 3）筑波大学生命環境系，〒 305‒8572 茨城県つくば市天王台 4）Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Pucciniosira cornuta found on Berberis nepaulensis in Thailand 1, 2）＊ 3） 2） 2, 4） Yoshitaka ONO , Izumi OKANE , Jintana UNARTNGAM , Chanjira AYAWONG 1） College of Education, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310‒8512, Japan 2） Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand 3） Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305‒8572, Japan 4） Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok 10900, Thailand （Accepted for publication: January 20, 2021） Pucciniosira cornuta was discovered on Berberis nepaulensis at Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. The fungus is characterized by narrow columnar, peridiate telia composed of catenulate, two-celled teliospores. This paper describes detailed sorus and spore morphology of this fungus, that were not previously reported, and lists pub- lished records of the hosts and geographic distribution. （Japanese Journal of Mycology 62: 31－34, 2021） Key Words― Berberidaceae, Gambleola, Mahonia, Pucciniales, Southeast Asia Pucciniosira cornuta（ Massee） Buriticá & J.F. Hen- and Hennen（ 1980）, Cummins and Hiratsuka（ 1983） nen was rst found on Berberis nepaulensis（ DC.） Spreng treated Gambleola under the synonymy of Pucciniosira （as B. nepalensis Spreng） at Chakrata, North-Western but no formal nomenclatural change of G. cornuta was Province of British India（ now Uttar Pradesh State of In- proposed. Therefore, Ono et al.（ 1988） proposed a new dia） and named under a new monotypic genus Gambleola combined name, P. cornuta. This paper reports the first Massee（ 1898）. It has since been found at several isolated record of this fungus in Thailand, describes detailed sorus localities in Asia. Because no morphological property of and spore morphology, that were previously not reported, the fungus is distinct from those of Pucciniosira species, and lists published records of hosts（ with nomenclatural Buriticá and Hennen（ 1980） considered that Gambleola corrections） and geographic distribution（ under current- and Pucciniosira are congeneric, suggesting placement of ly accepted geographic names） of the fungus. the former as subgenus of the latter. Following Buriticá The herbarium specimens examined in this study ＊ Corresponding author: [email protected] have been deposited at the Herbarium of Systematic My- Ofce phone & FAX: +81-29-228-8240 cology, the College of Education, Ibaraki University ―31― 小野・岡根・UNARTNGAM・AYAWONG （IBAR）. Individual specimens are listed under species ture trail to the summit, 18°49’31’’N, 98°53’37’’E, 11 Nov name. Upper case letter, T, refers to telial stage occurring 2019. I. Okane, C. Ayawong, J. Unartngam and Y. Ono（ T, on the specimens. Light microscopy and scanning elec- IBAR11565）. tron microscopy followed the method described by Un- This fungus produces only telia on circular yellowish artengam et al.（ 2020）. lesions, scattered on the leaf（ Fig. 1A）. The sori are nar- row columnar, several arising in groups from the lesions Pucciniosira cornuta（ Massee） Buriticá & J.F. Hennen, in on the abaxial leaf surface（ Fig. 1B, C）. The sori originate Ono et al., Cryptogams of the Himalayas. Vol. 1 , p. 117 , deep in the host mesophyll, causing slight hypertrophy, 1988. Figures 1 and 2 and develop into long columns（ Fig. 2A）. They are arising Synonym: Gambleola cornuta Massee, Bull. Misc. in groups but never coalesce. They are covered by persis- Inf., Kew 1989: 115, 1898. tent peridia（ Fig. 2B, D, E）. The peridial cells are liform, Specimens examined: on Berberis nepaulensis（ DC.） attenuate towards both ends, where vertically arranged Spreng（ = Mahonia siamensis Takeda）: Thailand, Chiang cells imbricate, and 54–88 µm long and 6–10 µm wide; the Mai Province, Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, at entrance wall 2.0–3.0 µm thick, smooth, and light cinnamon-brown to Doi Pui nature trail, 18°49’ 23 ’’N, 98°53’ 23 ’’E, 28 Nov （2C, D）. Teliospores arise in basipetal succession from a 2018. I. Okane, J. Unartngam, C. Ayawong and Y. Ono（ T, basal sporogenous layer（ Fig. 2F）. The spores are two- IBAR11421 ）; Doi Pui, near the summit, 18°49’55’’N, 98° celled, and intercalary cells separate vertically arranged 53’17’’E, 11 Feb 2019. Y. Ono, J. Unartngam and C. Aya- spores（ Fig. 2G）. They are mostly ellipsoid or oblong-el- wong（ T, IBAR11511 ）; Doi Pui, at entrance of a loop na- lipsoid, narrowed towards both ends, and moderately or Fig. 1. Symptoms of Berberis nepaulensis caused by Pucciniosira cornuta and fungal sporulation on a lesion（ IBAR11565）. A. Host plant, B. nepaulensis. Small circular yellowish spots are scattered on the adaxial leaf surface. B. Circular yellow- ish lesion on the adaxial leaf surface. C. Columnar telia arising from the lesion on the abaxial leaf surface. They are straight or bent and mostly 2–3 mm（ rarely up to 4 mm） long. Bars: B, C 5 mm. ―32― タイで見出されたBerberis nepaulensisに寄生するサビキン Pucciniosira cornuta Fig. 2. Sorus structure and spore morphology of Pucciniosira cornuta（ IBAR11565）. A. A vertical section of telium. Columnar sorus is arising from somewhat hypertrophied, concaved mesophyll. B. A vertical section of telium. Sorus is tightly covered by peridium（ arrows）. C. Thick-walled liform peridial cells. They are vertically imbricated. D. A cross sec- tion of telium, showing compact teliospores. E. A cross section of telium, showing peridial cells at periphery（ arrows）. F. A cross section of the base of telium. Teliospores are produced in basipetal succession from a basal sporogenous layer. They are one-celled at early developmental stage and separated by intercalary cells. F. Two-celled mature telio- spores separated by intercalary cells（ arrows）. Longitudinal spores were separated by applying gentle pressure on cover slip of slide preparation. H. A metabasidium and a basidiospore at tip of sterigma. Bars: A 100 µm; B, C, E–G 20 µm; D 50 µm; H 10 µm. ―33― 小野・岡根・UNARTNGAM・AYAWONG strongly constricted at the septum, and 30 – 51 × 10 – 17 摘 要 µm in size（ Fig. 2G）. The wall is 1.5 – 2.5 µm thick, smooth, and light cinnamon-brown. The teliospores ger- タイ・チェンマイ県のドイ・ステープ – プイ国立公園 minate in situ（ Fig. 2H）. Basidiospores are obovoid, ellip- でネパールヒイラギナンテンに寄生する Pucciniosira soid or broadly pyriform, thin-walled, and 8 – 12 × 6 – 10 cornuta が見出された．本菌は鎖生する二細胞の冬胞子 µm in size. Massee（ 1898） stated that each of the two te- が護膜で覆われた細い柱状の冬胞子堆に形成される特徴 liospore cells bears two germ pores near the septum. を持つ．本資料では，これまでに未報告であった本菌の However, our observation did not conrm the presence of 形態的特徴を記載するとともに，既報告の宿主植物及び the germ pores. 地理的分布を整理し列挙した． Hosts and distribution Berberis bealei Fortune（ = Mahonia bealei（ Fortune） Car- References rière）: China, Shaanxi Province（ Tai 1979） Berberis nepaulensis（ DC.） Spreng（ = Mahonia nepalensis Arthur JC, Cummins GB（ 1933） Rusts of the Northwest DC. ex Dippel, M. nepaulensis DC., M. leschenaultii（ Wall. Himalayas. Mycologia 25: 397–406 ex Wight & Arn.） Takeda ex Dunn）: India, Orissa State Bilgrami KS, Jamaluddin S, Rizwi MA（ 1979） Fungi of In- （Bilgrami et al. 1979）, Tamil Nadu State（ reported as Ma- dia. Part I. List and references. Today & Tomorrow’s dras State）（ Ragunathan and Ramakrishnan 1972）, Uttar Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, pp 467 Pradesh State（ Massee 1898）, and Uttarakhand State Buriticá P, Hennen JF（ 1980） Pucciniosireae（ Uredinales, （formerly Uttarnchal）（ Arthur and Cummins 1933）; Ne- Pucciniaceae）. Flora Neotropica Monograph Number pal, Kathmandu（ Ono et al. 1988） 24. The New York Botanical Garden. New York, pp 50 Mahonia japonica（ Thunb.） DC.［ Japanese name: Hiiragi- Cummins GB, Hiratsuka Y（ 1983） Illustrated genera of nanten］: China, Fujian Province（ Zhuang 1983）. rust fungi. Rev. ed., APS Press, Minneapolis, pp 152 Mahonia oiwakensis Hayata（ = M. lomariifolia Takeda） Hiratsuka N（ 1943） Uredinales of Formosa（ Contribu- ［Japanese name: Niitakahiiraginanten; Arisanhiiraginant- tions to the rust-ora of Eastern Asia, IV）. Memoirs en］: Taiwan（ Hiratsuka and Hashioka 1934 ; Hiratsuka Tottori Agric Coll 7: 1–90 1943） Hiratsuka N, Hashioka Y（ 1934） Uredinales collected in Mahonia sheridaniana C.K. Schneid.: China, Guangxi Formosa II. Bot Mag Tokyo 48: 233–240 Province（ Tai 1979） Massee G（ 1898） Fungi exotici, I. Bull Misc Inform Kew Mahonia sp.: China, Provinces of Jiangxi, Fujian, and Si- 1898: 113–136 chuan（ Tai 1979） Ono Y, Adhikari MK, Rajbhandari（ 1988） Rust fungi of the Kathmandu Valley and adjacent areas, Nepal. pp. 115 – 125 . In: Watanabe M, Malla SB（ eds） Crypto- Acknowledgments gams of the Himalayas. Vol. 1 . The Kathmandu Val- This study was carried out under the permission ley. Scientic Results of the Botanical Expedition to from the National Research Council of Thailand（ NRCT）. the Himalayas and Adjacent Areas, 1986. Department We thank the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and of Botany, National Science Museum. Tsukuba Plant Conservation, Ministry of Natural Resources and Ragunathan AN, Ramakrishnan K（ 1972） Rust fungi of Environment, Thailand for permitting to survey plant Madras State - I. Mysore J Agric Sci 6: 285–299 rusts and to sample rusted plants. This study was sup- Tai FL（ 1979） Sylloge Fungorum Sinicorum. Science ported, in part, by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientic Research Press, Academia Sinica, Peking, pp 1527 Nos. 25450056（ YO）, and 20H03006（ IO） from the Japan Unartngam J, Janruang P, Sawatsuk T, Ayawong C, Okane Society for the Promotion of Sciences. I, Ono Y（ 2020） Two rare chaconiaceous rust fungi with unique anamorph spores found in Thailand. Jpn J Mycol 61: 115–120 Disclosure Zhuang JY（ 1983） A provisional list of Uredinales of Fuji- The authors declare no conict of interests.