DOCSLIB.ORG

Philippine Commission on Human Rights: More Than Two Decades of Promoting Human Rights in Schools

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Philippine Commission on Human Rights: More Than Two Decades of Promoting Human Rights in Schools 27 Philippine Commission on Human Rights: More than Two Decades of Promoting Human Rights in Schools ANA ELZY E. OFRENEO1 fter the fall of the Marcos dictatorship in 1986, the succeeding government established the Presidential Committee on Human Rights whose “primary task [was] to assist the President in the discharge of her duty to respect and fosterA human rights .”2 But the work of the Committee was cut short in 1987 with the ratification of the new Philippine Constitution that provided for the establish- ment of the Commission on Human Rights . The Commission on Human Rights absorbed the powers and functions of the Committee .3 Original Blueprint for Action the content of the human rights education program; and its financing scheme . It provides The 1987 Constitution provides the Com- that mission on Human Rights of the Philippines [T]he promotion of human rights is not limited (CHRP) with the power to establish “a con- to the civil and political rights but also covers the tinuing program of research, education, and economic, social and cultural rights . Thus, the information to enhance respect for the primacy term “human rights” refers to the whole body of human rights” and to recommend to the of civil, political, economic, social, and cultural legislative body “effective measures to promote rights enshrined in the Constitution of the Philip- human rights .”4 pines and in the international instruments which The 1987 Philippine Constitution also are binding [on] the Philippines .5 requires all educational institutions to instill respect for human rights (Article 14, Section CHRP envisions “a Philippine society that 3) . deeply values the dignity of every person and The CHRP adopted in 1988 the Short- fully respects human rights .” The Plan, there- Term Human Rights Education Program Plan fore, envisions to lay the groundwork for the (Plan) to carry out its constitutional mandate, continuous improvement of the human rights based on the author’s 1987 blueprint for action situation in the country and in raising the Phil- document . ippine human rights standards by promoting The Plan defined the CHRP philosophy, the people’s rights through a continuing pro- vision, mission, goal and objectives in the pro- gram of education, training and research .”6 motion of human rights; the program concept; To achieve this objective, CHRP has to 27 28 HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION IN ASIAN SCHOOLS awaken in individuals, groups, peoples and - Professional circles governments: - The mass media and other cultural gate- - an awareness of the meaning, content, keepers and value of human rights; how human - The general public .9 rights are violated; how violations may be prevented or redressed; and how human The First Commission10 resolved to concen- rights might be enhanced; and, trate its work on members of the police and the - the will to respect and vindicate human military, the public servants, and the academic rights . circles as the first three priority target audiences of CHRP . In short, CHRP’s human rights Human rights education shall never make education initiatives focused on the potential violations appear acceptable .7 violators of human rights . For the initial years of Plan implementa- Figure 1 (opposite page) shows the diagram tion, CHRP’s human rights education program of the operations framework of CHRP in reach- aimed to achieve the following objectives: ing out to its target audiences . 1 . oT inculcate respect for human rights by imple- menting a continuing program of education and training for all the sectors of Philippines Human Rights Education and Training society; Program 2 . oT establish a continuing program of develop- ment and prototyping of human rights educa- CHRP subsequently adopted the Hu- tion curricula, sectoral education programs/ man Rights Education and Training Program modules, instructional materials, methods (HRETP) in 1988 . To implement the HRETP, and techniques of human rights teaching, and the CHRP redefined its target audiences into structured learning exercises on human rights; two major categories – the potential violators 3 . oT undertake a continuing program of develop- and the potential victims; and identified the ment and production of multi-mediated educa- stakeholders in terms of relationships between tion materials on human rights; the violators and the victims, their respective 4 . oT undertake a continuing program of sys- supporters and sympathizers, the do-gooders tematic collection and storage of information who were generally organized to provide hu- relevant to the protection and promotion of man rights protection and promotion of human human rights in the Philippines and make them rights, and the general public . accessible to the public 8. Various strategies and plans were identified The United Nations Decade for each objective . The plans for Objectives 1 and 2, for example, were intended to reach the Acting on the 1993 Vienna Declaration and following target audiences: Programme of Action and the call for support - The employees of CHRP for human rights education by the firstU nited - The members of the police, military, and Nations High Commissioner for Human para-military, and other law enforcers Rights, CHRP submitted in August 1994 to the - Academic circles High Commissioner its Recommended Plan of - Governmental authorities Action of the Commission on Human Rights of - Contract workers and their employers the Philippines for the United Nations Decade - Socio-civic and non-governmental orga- of Human Rights Education . nizations (NGOs) Philippine Commission on Human Rights: More than Two Decades of Promoting Human Rights in Schools 29 Figure 1: Conceptgram of the CHRP HRE Operations Framework CHANNEL OF PROMOTION EFFORTS TARGET AUDIENCE TARGETRESULTS Print and broadcast Media Non-government, civic and religious General Public Organizations Department of Education, Culture and Sports P2 Teachers, in-school youth and students Civil Service Commission P3 Civil servants, government employees, Government organizations local government units Human rights Departments of Labor and Employment, upheld, Laborers, contract workers, employees, Foreign Affairs, and Trade and Industry; respected, foreign government Securities and Exchange Commission promoted, defended, Professional Regulatory Commission Professionals fulfilled Department of Justice, Supreme Court, P1A Judges, prosecutors, investigators Philippine Judicial Academy Philippine National Police, Armed Forces, Departments of National Defense and Interior P1B Police, paramilitary, military, and Local Governance, Police and military law enforcers academies Peace Panel, Non-Government Organizations Others Note: P refers to priority number CHRP’s Decade Plan had the following Since this Decade Plan was not the na- objectives: tional plan, CHRP in cooperation with the 1 . oT achieve a 100% human rights literacy Department of Education, Culture and Sports rate throughout the Philippines . Human (DECS), the Commission on Higher Education rights literacy is defined as that level of (CHED), and Amnesty International Pilipinas knowledge where a person knows his/ (AI) held consultative planning workshops her basic civil, political, economic, social, during the last quarter of 1996 and drew out cultural and environmental rights as well decade-long sectoral human rights education as the redress system for these rights . plans at the regional and national levels . 2 . oT instill the values of human rights in Representatives of government, NGOs, and the heart and mind of every Filipino the academe attended the consultative planning citizen, particularly the youth . workshops held in all regions of the country . As 3 . oT educate key sectors of the Philippine the culminating activity, a national workshop of society on their sectoral rights . all regional delegates, human rights practitio- 4 . oT educate all law enforcers, prosecutors, ners and advocates from both the private, non- judges, jail officers and the military on government and government sectors was held the rights of those who may be affected at the Philippine Normal University in Manila by their official actions 11. on 3-5 February 1997 and produced twenty Sectoral Philippine Human Rights Education 30 HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION IN ASIAN SCHOOLS Decade Plans . The sectors involved were: edu- MISSION cators at the tertiary and basic education levels, To evolve a human rights culture through the insti- children, youth, women, elderly, prisoners, de- tutionalization of a continuing multi-sectoral and tainees, refugees, indigenous peoples, Muslim multi-disciplinary human rights education program population, peasants, laborers, overseas contract in the formal, non-formal and community-based workers, urban poor, persons with disabilities sectors . (visually impaired persons, hearing impaired persons, mobility impaired persons, neuro- OBJECTIVES logically impaired persons, multiple impaired persons), members of the media, professionals, By the end of the Decade, the following objectives members of the police, law enforcers and the shall have been attained . members of the military . Each sectoral plan had its own statement of General Objective: vision, mission, and objectives on human rights education, complementing the national state- An organized, functional, effective and relevant ment of vision, mission and objectives . Human Rights Education Program in formal, At the end of the national workshop, the non-formal, and community-based sectors has been Human Rights Educators Association of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • COLORADO STATE COLLEGE of EDUCATION Greeley, Colorado
    COLORADO STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Greeley, Colorado t h e INDEPENDENCE o f t h e Ph i l i p p i n e s A Thesis in Partial Fulfillment of the of the Degree of Masters of Arts by Julian R. Betita Department of History and Political Science Division of Social Studies August 17, 1935 * * c . APPROVED JBTt HAJOR PROFESSOR ^ J h JS i cJttLAJUO-t*— ______ DIVISIOH (A/-* t (/ * £ ABSTRACT THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE PHILIPPINES Julian R* Betits 1. Problem The purpose of the study in this field is to deter­ mine the political status of the Philippine Islands under the sovereignty of the United States; to analyse the policy of the United States in regard to the independence of the Philippine Islands* and to find out what really is the desire of the Filipino people in regard to gaining their independence* The aims of this study are to give an account of the struggle for the independence of the Philippines by the Filipinos; to gather facts relating to the independence of the Philippines* and to organize these Tacts into a history of the independence of the Philippines* 2* Procedure The data for this study were obtained from the united States documentst Cl) The Congressional Records (2) The Senate Executive Documents C3) The House Executive Documents ^ (4) Books and Magazines Items were interpreted in accordance with the meaning of each unit of the data and the content of the problem 11 discussed in these documents* Personal letters were sent to Dr* Camilo Oslas* the Resident Philippine Commissioner at Washington, D* CT** in regard to some definite questions,.
    [Show full text]
  • 1902: Congressional Record-Senate. 4999
    • 1902: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 4999 By Mr. BENTON: A bill (H. R. 14169) granting an increase of and the proper marking of the same-to the Committee on Ways pension to Thomas R. May-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ and Means. sions. Also, memorial of the same association, for an amendment of Al o, a bill (H. R.14170) grantingapensipn toAbnerT. Smith­ the census law, providing for an annual classified census of live to the Committee on Pensions. stock-to the Select Committee on the Census. Also, a bill (H. R. 14171) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. HEPBURN: Resolutions of Mine Workers' Union of Francis Allred-to the Committee on Pensions. Seymour, Iowa, against foreign immigration-to the Committee Also. a bill (H. R. 14172) granting an increase of pension to on Immigration and Naturalization. Peter W. Duffield-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, resolutions of the same union, favoring Chinese exclusion­ By Mr. BOREING: A bill (H. R. 14173) to correct the military to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. record of Jonathan King-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, resolutions of the General Conference of the Reorgan­ By Mr. COWHERD: A bill (H. R. 14174) granting an increase ized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day&lints, held atLamoni, of pension to Griffith T. Murphy-to the Committee on Invalid Iowa, favoring an amendment to the Constitution making po­ Pensions. lygamy a crime-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, a bill (IT. R. 14175) for the relief of Miss L. V. Belt, Also, resolution of the Iowa Bankers' Association, Council Bluffs, administratrix of estate of Alfred C.
    [Show full text]
  • Race and Ethnicity in the Era of the Philippine-American War, 1898-1914
    Allegiance and Identity: Race and Ethnicity in the Era of the Philippine-American War, 1898-1914 by M. Carmella Cadusale Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the History Program YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIVERSITY August, 2016 Allegiance and Identity: Race and Ethnicity in the Era of the Philippine-American War, 1898-1914 M. Carmella Cadusale I hereby release this thesis to the public. I understand that this thesis will be made available from the OhioLINK ETD Center and the Maag Library Circulation Desk for public access. I also authorize the University or other individuals to make copies of this thesis as needed for scholarly research. Signature: M. Carmella Cadusale, Student Date Approvals: Dr. L. Diane Barnes, Thesis Advisor Date Dr. David Simonelli, Committee Member Date Dr. Helene Sinnreich, Committee Member Date Dr. Salvatore A. Sanders, Dean of Graduate Studies Date ABSTRACT Filipino culture was founded through the amalgamation of many ethnic and cultural influences, such as centuries of Spanish colonization and the immigration of surrounding Asiatic groups as well as the long nineteenth century’s Race of Nations. However, the events of 1898 to 1914 brought a sense of national unity throughout the seven thousand islands that made the Philippine archipelago. The Philippine-American War followed by United States occupation, with the massive domestic support on the ideals of Manifest Destiny, introduced the notion of distinct racial ethnicities and cemented the birth of one national Philippine identity. The exploration on the Philippine American War and United States occupation resulted in distinguishing the three different analyses of identity each influenced by events from 1898 to 1914: 1) The identity of Filipinos through the eyes of U.S., an orientalist study of the “us” versus “them” heavily influenced by U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chinese Mestizo in Philippine History
    Reprinted from THE JOURNAL SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORY (Vol. 5, No. 1) March 1964 (pp. 62-100) The Chinese Mestizo in Philippine History By E. Wickberg East Asian Series, Reprint No. 10 INTERNATIONAL STUDIES CENTER FOR EAST ASIAN STUDIES THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas CENTER FOR EAST ASIAN STUDIES 1. The Patrimonial Thesis and Pre-Modern Japa­ nese Herrschaft, by Norman Jacobs. 2. The Phantom Slasher of Taipei: Mass Hysteria in a Non-Western Society, by Norman Jacobs. 3. Early Chinese Economic Influences in the Philip­ pines, by Edgar Wickberg. 4. Some Aspects of Korean Acculturation and Value Orientation Since 1950, by Felix Moos. 5. The Philippine Political Party System, by Carl H. Lande. 6. Religion and Politics in Japan: The Case of the Soka Gakkai, by Felix Moos. 7. Some Aspects of Park Chang No Kyo—A Korean Revitalization Movement, by Felix Moos. 8. The Philippines, by Carl H, Lande. 9. General Artemio Ricarte & Japan, by Grant K. Goodman. 10. The Chinese Mestizo in Philippine History, by E. Wickberg. THE CHINESE MESTIZO IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY E. VVlCKBERG. THE CHINESE MESTIZO IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY* E. WlCKBERG. Students of Southeast Asian history have had little to say about the historical role played by the Chinese mestizo in that region. Although studies of the Chinese in Southeast Asia have devoted some attention to the position of native-born Chinese as opposed to immigrant Chinese, the native-born Chinese of mixed Chinese- native ancestry is rarely singled out for specific treatment. Perhaps this is because in most parts of Southeast Asia the Chinese mestizos (to use the Philippine term for persons of mixed Chinese-native ancestry) have not been formally and legally recognized as a separate group — one whose membership is strictly defined by genealogical considerations rather then by place of birth, and one which, by its possession of a unique combination of cultural characteristics, could be easily distinguished from both the Chinese and the native com­ munities.
    [Show full text]
  • Philippines 2019 Human Rights Report
    PHILIPPINES 2019 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Philippines is a multiparty, constitutional republic with a bicameral legislature. President Rodrigo Roa Duterte, elected in May 2016, began his constitutionally limited six-year term in June 2016. Midterm elections in May for 12 (of 24 total) senators, all congressional representatives, and local government leaders were seen as generally free and fair, despite reports of violence and vote buying. The ruling party and allies won all 12 Senate seats and maintained a roughly two-thirds majority in the 306-seat House of Representatives. Barangay (village) and youth council elections originally scheduled for 2021 were rescheduled for December 5, 2022 so that local and national elections will occur in the same year. The Philippine National Police (PNP) is charged with maintaining internal security in most of the country and reports to the Department of the Interior. The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), which reports to the Department of National Defense, is responsible for external security but also carries out domestic security functions in regions with a high incidence of conflict, particularly the Mindanao region. The two agencies share responsibility for counterterrorism and counterinsurgency operations. The PNP Special Action Force is responsible for urban counterterrorism operations. President Duterte’s May 2017 declaration of martial law for the entire region of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago was extended until the end of the year, giving the military expanded powers in the area. Governors, mayors, and other local officials have considerable influence over local police units, including appointment of top departmental and municipal police officers and the provision of resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of the United States Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War
    B 683,760 Report of 4V*. UW»4e4 Stoics TWiWppiwe Commission -fo i-Vie K^SjTY OF TNZ MICHIGAN 3 9015 04763 1794 /o, E i I u SO DO NOT REMOVE OR MUTILATE CARD REPO R T H x SECRETARY OF WAR FOR THE PERTOP FROM DECEMBER 1, 1900. TO OCTOBER 15, 1901. PUBLISHED BY THE DIVISION OF INSULAR AFFAIRS WAR DEPARTMENT. D E C E M B E R , 19 1. PART 1. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. .19 01. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN GENERAL LIBRARY : REPOET UNITED STATES PHILIPPINE COMMISSION SECRETARY OF WAR FOR THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 1, 1900, TO OCTOBER 15, 1901. PUBLISHED BY THE DIVISION OF INSULAR AFFAIRS, WAR DEPARTMENT. DECEMBER, 1901. PAET 1. WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1901. CONTENTS. Page. Military and political condition 7 The work of the commission 9 The organization of provincial governments 9-13 The army and the people 13-16 Recommending withdrawal of troops to posts outside the towns 16 The central government 16 Organization of departments 17 The insular purchasing agent 18 Committees of the commission 19 General theory in formation of the government 19 Qualifications for exercise of franchise 20 Recommending that present government be continued until January 1, 1904, and outlining form of government to be then adopted 22, 23 The civil service 24 Fidelity bonds 25 Friars' lands _* 25 San Jose College case 25 Taxation 26 The labor problem 27 The commissary 27 Tariff relations with the United States 28 The city of Manila 28 Necessity for power to grant franchises 29 Public lands and necessity for public-land law 29, 30 Municipal governments 30-33 .' The Benguet government _ .
    [Show full text]
  • Imperialism in Nebraska, 1898-1904
    Nebraska History posts materials online for your personal use. Please remember that the contents of Nebraska History are copyrighted by the Nebraska State Historical Society (except for materials credited to other institutions). The NSHS retains its copyrights even to materials it posts on the web. For permission to re-use materials or for photo ordering information, please see: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/magazine/permission.htm Nebraska State Historical Society members receive four issues of Nebraska History and four issues of Nebraska History News annually. For membership information, see: http://nebraskahistory.org/admin/members/index.htm Article Title: Imperialism in Nebraska, 1898-1904 Full Citation: J R Johnson, “Imperialism in Nebraska, 1898-1904,” Nebraska History 44 (1963): 141-166 URL of article: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/publish/publicat/history/full-text/NH1963Imperialism.pdf Date: 7/07/2016 Article Summary: Bryan attempted to make American imperialism in the Philippines a political issue. Returning prosperity under McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt led to Republican victories in elections, however. In hindsight Bryan’s accusations of imperialism looked like alarmism. Scroll down for complete article. Cataloging Information: Names: William Jennings Bryan (The Commoner), William McKinley, Silas A Holcomb, John M Thurston, Jacob S Schurmann, William Howard Taft, Theodore Roosevelt, Arthur MacArthur Place Names: the Philippines Newspapers Quoted: Nebraska Independent, Omaha World-Herald, Nebraska State Journal, Omaha Daily Bee, Wayne Herald Keywords: William Jennings Bryan (The Commoner), imperialism, manifest destiny, Spanish-American War, Fusion [party], First Nebraska Volunteers, Anti-Imperialist League, Philippine Commission Photographs / Images: William Jennings Bryan, Bryan family returning home from a trip around the world IMPERIALISM IN NEBRASKA 1898-1904 BY J.
    [Show full text]
  • American Attitude Towards Philippine Independence During President Wilson's Administration
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1951 American Attitude Towards Philippine Independence During President Wilson's Administration Mary Annette Lapinski Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Lapinski, Mary Annette, "American Attitude Towards Philippine Independence During President Wilson's Administration" (1951). Master's Theses. 1095. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1095 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1951 Mary Annette Lapinski .. ' AlIIRICAM AmTUDE TOIARl. PRILIPPIR Im>E~CE OORIIO PImSllJtrrt WILSON'S AmIlIIS'f!tA1'IOJl by Siat.el" IIar7 Annette tapluk1, t'.1., o. s. ,. A Th.a1a Subadtt,ed to t.he facult.y ot the Graduate School of Loyola Uniwra1't,f 111 Partial Pult11lmant of tJ1e ltequ1nmenu tor \be De..... of Kuter of Ana IftROD'OO'1'101' The histoJ'7 of the relation of the GOYeraent of the UD1ted States to the Philippine Islands is perhaps the most interesting experiment in modern lmper1aliSll. It was an exper1unt in preparation for independence. When the United States annexed the Philippine Islands it did so in the pise of a lib­ erator of all oppressed people trom the domination of Spain. The United States proclaimed its intentiOJl to establish coaplete Mlf-government in the Islands atter s short period of tutelage.
    [Show full text]
  • Benito Legarda 1853–1915
    H former members 1900–1946 H Benito Legarda 1853–1915 RESIDENT COMMISSIONER 1907–1912 PROGRESISTA FROM THE PHILIPPINES prominent entrepreneur before entering Congress, Legarda belonged to a class of well-educated Filipinos Benito Legarda served as one of the first Resident commonly called the ilustrados (the enlightened ones), Commissioners from the Philippines. Elected to men who had often grown wealthy and successful under theA U.S. House of Representatives in 1907, Legarda used Spanish rule but who had also challenged the Spanish his vast business experience to influence tariff legislation colonial structure from within. Their status as cultural in an effort to reshape the Philippines’ economy. He was elites may have given the ilustrados more conservative close friends with President William H. Taft—the two first tendencies, but their history as internal reformers enabled met when Taft served as civil governor of the Philippines at men like Legarda to identify with the movement for the turn of the century—and Legarda worked closely with political control that took shape in the 1890s. “They officials from the Bureau of Insular Affairs on a host of emphatically desired reform,” wrote Peter W. Stanley trade issues. While many Filipinos called for independence, in his history of Philippine independence, “particularly Legarda took a more measured approach and believed the guaranteed civil liberties, decentralization of government, island government should first establish consistent sources separation of church and state, and recognition of their of revenue before it sought independence. “He was a man position as leaders in Filipino life.”4 of the highest repute,” Democratic Senator William Stone As a result, when the Philippines went to war with of Missouri said about Legarda, “clear-headed, intelligent, Spain in 1896, Legarda backed the independence forces patriotic, representative, and worthy in every way of the and served as an adviser to General Emilio Aguinaldo.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record-Senate. 7093
    1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7093 By Mr. MORRELL: Memorial of the auditor-general of the following biUs; in which it requested the concurrence of the Commonwealth of P ennsylvania explanatory of House bill14763- Senate: to the Committee on War Claims. A bill (H. R. 14247) to authorize the Charleston, Suburban and Also, resolutions of National Business League, favoring the Summerville Railway Company to construct and maintain two establishment of a department of commerce and industries-to b1idges across Ashley River, in the State of South Carolina; and the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. A bill (H. R. 14802) for the purchase of real estate for revenue Also, resolutions of a meeting of Jewish people in Philadelphia, and customs purposes at Wilmington, N. C. Pa., favoring the Goldfogle bill, relating to the discrimination ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. against the Jews by the Russian Government-to the Committee The message further announced that the ,Speaker of the Honse on Foreign Affairs. had signed the elll'olled bill (H. R. 1Q299) authorizing the Santa Also, resolutions of the Commercial Exchange of Philadelphia, Fe Pacific Railroad Company to sell or lease its railroad property urging the passage of House bill14022-to the Committee on the and franchises, and for other purposes; and it was thereupon Judiciary. signed by the President prb tempore. Also, resolutions of Post 2, Grand Army of the Republic, De­ partment of Pennsylvania, favoring the passage of Senate billNo. PETITIO~S AND MEMORIALS. 619 , for the relief and 1·etirement of William T. Godwin-to the Mr. KEAN presented a memorial of the Marconi Wireless Tele­ Committee on Military Affaixs.
    [Show full text]
  • 256 Reviews of Books Too,Thiswouldhelpjesseninhislargeraimtorescue Gilded Age and Progressive Era
    256 Reviews of Books too,thiswouldhelpJesseninhislargeraimtorescue Gilded Age and Progressive Era. Certainly, Jessen’s Populism from its synonymy with parochialism (37). western Populists saw no such distinction between do- Entwined with this conspiratorial conception of poli- mestic and foreign affairs. These smart volumes join tics was the Populist critique of monopolistic capital- works by historians including Steven Hahn, Kristin ism and the corrupt centralized authority it relied upon, Hoganson, and Allison L. Sneider, which make clear ’ which animates Jessen s account of the imperial poli- that major domestic questions of Reconstruction, the Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article/124/1/256/5305445 by State Univ NY at Stony Brook user on 17 September 2020 tics of the late nineteenth century. In Congress, in the tariff, industrial reform, consumption, and women’s western press, and from the campaign stump, as Jessen suffrage were debated in the context of enormous pub- richly illustrates, the Populists critiqued empire as a lic discussion about empire. Much more work of this dangerous process of militarization and centralization nature examining how empire was lived across every- that would hollow out American democracy, enslave day practices—in church, by readers at home, as em- labor, and expand American monopoly to overseas bodied in citizenship, through visual and material cul- lands under government protection. Some Populists ture, and as embedded in state and non-state institu- were not far wide of the mark in their view of how im- tions—is needed if historians are to fully grasp the perial state building proceeded, especially in light of power of empire in shaping domestic concerns.
    [Show full text]
  • “Racism” and Colonialism: Meanings of Difference and Ruling Practices in America’S Pacific Empire
    P1: GCY Qualitative Sociology [quso] PH243-quas-477915 February 9, 2004 11:46 Style file version Nov 28th, 2002 Qualitative Sociology, Vol. 27, No. 1, Spring 2004 (C 2004) “Racism” and Colonialism: Meanings of Difference and Ruling Practices in America’s Pacific Empire Julian Go This article examines the meanings of “race” and difference in the first years of American colonialism in the Philippines, Guam, and Samoa. Moving beyond exist- ing sociological studies of “race” and “colonial discourse,”I demonstrate that the meanings of racial difference in the U.S. Pacific empire were contemporaneously polyvalent, constituting an overarching field of multiple rather than uniform classi- fications. The different meanings formed the basis for intra-imperial debate among colonizing agents. They also contributed to notable variations in forms of colonial governance and policy across the empire. The implication for future study is that “race” should best be apprehended as a “code” that takes on specific meanings and obtains its social force only in particular contexts of use and utterance. KEY WORDS: race; racism; colonialism; empire. ABBREVIATIONS BMP Bernard Moses Papers, Bancroft Library, University of California-Berkeley CE Clarence R. Edwards Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society CTIP United States Congress Committee on Territories and Insular Possessions ERP Elihu Root Papers, Library of Congress, Manuscript Division FP William Cameron Forbes Papers, Houghton Library, Harvard University TP Papers of William Howard Taft, United States Library of Congress INTRODUCTION It would seem indisputable that modern colonialism in the early twentieth century involved racism. Indeed, during colonial occupation, colonizing groups Correspondence should be directed to Julian Go, Department of Sociology, University of Illinois, 326 Lincoln Hall, 702 South Wright St., Urbana, IL 61801; e-mail: [email protected].
    [Show full text]