13-1 13 Planning and land use

The Planning and Land Use Impact 13.1 EES objectives Assessment (GHD, 2015b) examined the The draft Evaluation Objective for the assessment potential effects of the Project on land use, for the Echuca-Moama Bridge Project (the Project), consistency with relevant State and Local as specified in the EES Scoping Requirements, is “To planning polices and on local infrastructure minimise adverse social and land use effects, within the study area. including impacts on existing uses of the Crown Overall, the planning and land use impacts land”. identified would be generally localised and site This chapter is based on the Planning and Land Use specific. Land use and planning related issues Impact Assessment completed by GHD (2015b), would be generally short term and which is included in EES Technical Appendix G. It is construction related, such as impacts on a summary of that assessment and includes a native vegetation, utility services and discussion of the following key issues and amenity, which would be appropriately requirements as they relate to planning and land managed through the implementation of a use, as specified in the EES Scoping Requirements Construction Environmental Management Plan. for the Project. Land acquisition impacts on individual land holdings would be limited by virtue of the Key issues preferred alignment utilising existing road  The potential for the Project to unreasonably reserves and acquisition generally being impact on existing recreational and non- located adjacent to existing boundaries or recreational uses of the Crown land. fence lines. Overall, 67 allotments would be affected, with 9 private landowners and a number of Crown land managers including the Priorities for characterising the existing Shire of Campaspe impacted by the proposed environment acquisition. Approximately 19 hectares (ha)  Identify any existing sporting and community would be acquired, including almost 10ha of infrastructure, land use plans or related Crown land. The area of acquisition would be objectives for land within, adjacent to or affected confirmed through surveying following by the Project, including the Murray River finalisation of the detailed design. corridor. The greatest land use impacts resulting from acquisition in Victoria would be to Victoria Design and mitigation measures Park and the former Echuca Secondary  Identify potential and proposed design responses College site, both which are on Crown land. and measures to minimise adverse…land use These impacts would be due to changes to affects. access and amenity and the loss of six tennis courts at the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club. The current draft Victoria Park Master Plan Assessment of likely effects anticipates the road in this location.  Assess the potential effects on communities Compensation for severance and land living near the Project in terms of potential acquisition impacts would be provided where severance, loss of recreational and non- appropriate consistent with the Land recreational uses and values, and reduction in Acquisition and Compensation Act 1986 (Vic.). access to sporting or community infrastructure. The Project as a whole would not result in any  Evaluate the consistency of the Project against significant inconsistency with planning policy, the policies and provisions of the Campaspe and would not result in broad change of land Planning Scheme and other relevant land use use within the study area. planning strategies. The assessment determined that the impacts Key issues and requirements relating to social of the Project on planning and land use impact are addressed in Chapter 14. elements of the study area would not vary The Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment substantially between the initial and ultimate focussed on the preferred alignment. The term ‘the alignments. Project’ is used in this chapter to refer to the preferred alignment only.

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13.2 Study area 13.3 Methodology The study area for the Planning and Land Use Tasks required for the Planning and Land Use Impact Impact Assessment includes the proposed Right-of- Assessment were undertaken prior to, and as part of Way for the preferred alignment, as well as the area the EES process, as outlined below. A detailed surrounding the proposed Right-of-Way that description of the assessment approach is included contains various land uses that could be affected by in Technical Appendix G. These tasks included: the Project.  A review of historic, current and future land use This includes consideration of land uses within the and development potential in the study area. immediate area of Echuca and Moama, which are  A review of Commonwealth, State and Local within, immediately adjacent to, or located in government strategies and policies. This includes proximity to, the proposed Right-of-Way, as well as consideration of consistency with planning land use and development within the wider region. policies and controls, and likely future land uses. Figure 13-1 illustrates the identified study area and  A review of land title/Crown land status of the State boundaries. allotments within the proposed Right-of-Way and review of specific impacts on individual properties including current and future land uses within the proposed Right-of-Way.  A review of Dial Before You Dig (DBYD) and other infrastructure information provided by VicRoads.  A site visit (3 September 2014) to gain a greater understanding of the potential planning, land use and infrastructure impacts of the Project.  A meeting (3 September 2014) and subsequent correspondence and discussions with Campaspe Shire Council.  Assessment of the impacts of the ultimate duplication of the Project against the ‘No Project’ scenario. The Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment was not based on an environmental risk framework, as the assessment of impact focuses on predicted change rather than the risk of environmental harm, and interpretation of impacts is more qualitative and therefore more difficult to measure. The following phrases are used within this chapter:  ‘Land severance’, which refers to land separated into two or more parts that are no longer connected  ‘Allotment’, which refers to land as defined by a title or the State cadastre  ‘Property’, which refers to an allotment, or group of allotments, in a single landownership or use.

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Figure 13-1 Planning and land use study area

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13.4 Legislation and policy The relevant legislation and government policies for planning and land use are outlined in Table 13-1. Table 13-1 Relevant legislation and policies for planning and land use

Legislation/policy Description

State

Planning and The Planning and Environment Act establishes a framework for planning the use, development and Environment Act protection of land in Victoria in the present and long-term interest of all Victorians. The Planning and 1987 (Vic.) Environment Act sets out the legislative basis to ensure that standard planning provisions are prepared and approved throughout Victoria. The Planning and Environment Act sets out procedures for preparing and amending the Victoria Planning Provisions (VPP) and planning schemes, obtaining permits under planning schemes, settling disputes, enforcing compliance with planning schemes, and other administrative procedures. The Planning and Environment Act provides for a single instrument of planning control in a particular area, the planning scheme, which sets out the way land may be used or developed. The planning scheme is a legal document, prepared and approved under the Planning and Environment Act. The relevant planning scheme for the study area is the Campaspe Planning Scheme.

Land Acquisition and The process under which private land can be compulsorily acquired is set out in the Land Acquisition Compensation Act and Compensation Act. Under the Land Acquisition and Compensation Act, land required for a public 1986 (Vic.) purpose can be acquired by State Government departments and agencies. Acquisition can be done either compulsorily or by negotiation. The Land Acquisition and Compensation Act provides:  The procedures for the compulsory or negotiated acquisition of land  The procedures for the determination of compensation, including disturbance and severance costs.

Crown Land The Crown Land (Reserves) Act is provides for the reservation of Crown land for certain purposes and (Reserves) Act 1978 for the management of such reserved lands. Under this Act and in interface with the Road Management (Vic.) Act 2004 (Vic.), Crown land can be reserved for the purpose of a public road.

Transport The Transport Integration Act provides a policy framework for transport and land use agencies. The Integration Act 2010 Transport Integration Act: (Vic.)  Provides for an integrated sustainable transport system by unifying all elements of the transport portfolio  Provides for a ‘triple bottom line’ (economic, social and environmental) assessment of the transport system  Provides for a common vision, objectives and principles for integrated and sustainable transport policies and operations  Provides for the integration of land use and transport planning by including ‘interfacing bodies/agencies’ under the coverage of the Transport Integration Act  Recognises that the transport system should be conceived and planned as a single system rather than competing nodes.

Plan Melbourne and The new metropolitan planning strategy, Plan Melbourne and the regional growth plans provide Loddon Mallee North strategic land use plans for Victoria. Regional Growth Plan Melbourne was released in its final form by the former Victorian Government on 19 May 2014. Plan (2014) Initiative 6.4.2 of Plan Melbourne is to “Strengthen transport links on national networks for the movement of goods between regional cities, Melbourne, interstate, and internationally”, which the Project would assist in facilitating. The Loddon Mallee North Regional Growth Plan (RGP) (Victorian Government, 2014) has been aligned with Plan Melbourne and other regional growth plans in a way that builds on the interdependence of urban settlements and facilitates their development as a networked ‘state of cities’. The RGP sets out a regional approach to land use planning across the five municipalities of Buloke, Campaspe, Gannawarra, Mildura and Swan Hill. The plan identifies opportunities to encourage and accommodate growth and address challenges over the next 30 years. One of the key land use planning directions in the RGP is to ‘support road, rail and logistics upgrades to improve economic growth and accessibility’. Specifically in relation to the Project, the Plan states: “Murray River bridge crossings are an essential part of the transport network. There are cross-border communities that rely on access to goods, services, education and employment on the other side of the river. Murray River crossings are also important for supporting the national freight network. Planning is currently underway for upgrades to Murray River crossings, including sequenced construction of new bridges at Echuca, Swan Hill and Yarrawonga, with the initial priority at Echuca. These crossings are a key priority over the medium to long term outlined in Victoria’s 2012 submission to Infrastructure Australia.”

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Legislation/policy Description The RGP also notes that the Project would assist in meeting some of the other strategic directions including the need to strengthen and improve access to local settlements and improve the local economy. The Project would provide a vital link between Echuca and Moama, and more broadly Victoria and NSW, which would contribute to the facilitation of one of the RGP’s key land use strategies of ‘aligning economic and population growth with urban settlement, industry, services and infrastructure’.

Local

Campaspe Planning A planning scheme sets out objectives, policies and provisions relating to the use, development, Scheme protection and conservation of land in the area to which it applies. A planning scheme is established under the Planning and Environment Act and regulates the use and development of land through planning provisions. It is considered that the Project is consistent with State and local planning policies which seek to provide for a second river crossing that would enhance connections through the region, and provide for a safe and more efficient use of road infrastructure. The land uses within and surrounding the preferred alignment include recreational land, isolated dwellings, smaller farming operations, unused flood prone land, and township uses such as industrial and residential. The Project would not compromise the intent of the existing land uses, other than a few site-specific instances where allotment sizes would be reduced. Under the Campaspe Planning Scheme, a planning permit would be required for use and development associated with the Project components, including roadworks and associated works (such as reinstatement of the toilet block at the Echuca Boat Ramp). A planning permit would also be required for native and non-native vegetation removal.

Campaspe Planning The Campaspe Planning Scheme Review Report (Shire of Campaspe, 2014a) provides Campaspe Shire Scheme Review Council with: Report 2014  An overview of the performance of the Campaspe Planning Scheme;  An understanding of what policy changes have occurred since the last review;  The strategic context in which state and local planning is undertaken; and  A program for future action. The review recognises that there is a need to identify a preferred corridor for the second Murray River crossing in the Municipal Strategic Statement (MSS) regardless of whether a final alignment has been determined. The review also identifies the need to include a reference to the second Murray River crossing in Clause 18 Transport. This clear recommendation to include the second Murray River Crossing within the Campaspe Planning Scheme highlights the importance of the Project and the report demonstrates the Project’s consistency with the strategic planning and land use framework.

Echuca Housing The Echuca Housing Strategy (Beca, 2011) was incorporated into the Campaspe Planning Scheme via Strategy 2011 Amendment C086. It provides guidance for the future direction of housing supply in Echuca and sets out a framework to manage expansion of new residential growth to the west of the Northern Highway through multiple growth ‘frontiers’. The strategy also encourages an increase in housing choice and diversity, and encourages infill housing and regeneration in selected established areas. A key objective of the strategy is to ensure that ‘neighbourhoods have good access to services and facilities’. The existing Murray River crossing (particularly in peak periods) constrains local access to services and facilities within Echuca and Moama. Increased population growth within these towns is likely to exacerbate this problem. The Project, which would provide a second Murray River crossing to the west of Echuca (in the vicinity of new residential growth areas) and would increase local access to services, employment and facilities in both Echuca and Moama. Furthermore, it would remove through traffic (including freight traffic) from the existing crossing, enhancing local access for people living in established residential areas of both Echuca and Moama.

Echuca South East The Echuca South East Industrial and Commercial Growth Corridor Land Strategy (Shire of Campaspe, Industrial and 2011) was incorporated into the Campaspe Planning Scheme via Amendment C086. It provides a vision Commercial Growth for the future development of a 1,125ha industrial precinct to the south-east of Echuca. The strategy Corridor Land identifies areas of land for the long-term (20-30 year) development of large, medium and small-scale Strategy 2011 industries and structure plans to guide their development. The South East Industrial and Commercial Growth Corridor is located approximately 1.8km to the south-east of Echuca’s town centre. An objective of this strategy is to ‘consider transport needs for the movement of people, materials and products to, from and through the south-east growth corridor by road and rail’. While Echuca currently enjoys good access to major interstate and state highways, access to/from the south-east industrial growth corridor, via the Cobb Highway from NSW, is limited, with vehicle load and size restrictions on the existing Murray River bridge crossing. The Project would create an alternative Murray River crossing without vehicle load and width restrictions. This has the potential to increase the appeal of the Echuca South East Industrial and Commercial Growth Corridor due to improved freight efficiencies between Victoria and NSW.

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Legislation/policy Description

Draft Victoria Park & The Victoria Park & Environs Master Plan (Simon Leisure Consulting, 2010) was originally endorsed by Environs Master Plan Council in 2006. However, it was subsequently amended in 2010 to address the proposed Mid-West 2010 Option. In light of this significant planning matter, a review was undertaken of the master plan to investigate implications and opportunities that may arise for Victoria Park and the immediate surrounding area from the development of a second bridge crossing over the Murray River. The current draft Victoria Park & Environs Master Plan does not form part of the Campaspe Planning Scheme. The key purpose of the current draft Victoria Park & Environs Master Plan is to guide the future development and use of the park to ensure appropriate facilities are provided to meet the current and future recreational and sporting needs of the community. The master plan includes consideration of the potential impacts of the Project. The master plan also recommends development of an oval and other recreational facilities to the west of the former Echuca Secondary College site. Since 2010, the former school buildings have been demolished, and the draft master plan requires updating. Campaspe Shire Council is awaiting confirmation of the location of the second Murray River crossing before updating the master plan. In this way, the outcomes of the Project would impact on the future management and development of Victoria Park. The preferred alignment is generally consistent with that shown in the master plan and therefore the Project is also considered to be consistent.

Draft Open Space Campaspe Shire Council is in the process of finalising their current draft Open Space Strategy (Shire of Strategy 2014 Campaspe, 2014b). One of the key strategies outlined within the draft is ‘Improving the quality and access of open spaces’. The undeveloped and currently unused flood prone land on Warren Street is highlighted in the draft strategy as an area for potential open space. Recommended Action No. 4.5 in the draft strategy is to “Establish a long term plan for development and management of flood plain land to the south of Warren Street (Echuca) focussing on the area as a key gateway/entry given the development of the second bridge crossing.” The Project is commensurate with this strategy, and the preferred alignment was considered during the drafting of the document. The Project would see increased traffic along Warren Street, which could lead to opportunities for the development of a rest stop and park for both locals and visitors.

13.5 Existing conditions

13.5.1 Existing land use and development The Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment  Echuca Cemetery, north of Warren Street. The (Technical Appendix G) considers the existing land existing Warren Street road reserve is along the uses within the study area and the potential future southern boundary of the cemetery. land uses, having regard to existing planning controls.  Approximately 30 detached dwellings on large allotments of between 500-1,000m2, east of the The land uses within and surrounding the proposed Echuca Cemetery and north of Warren Street Right-of-Way predominantly include residential, (extending back into Jarman and Hansen recreational, commercial and industrial uses, with Street). much of the proposed Right-of-Way comprised of flood prone land.  North and east of the small residential precinct on Warren Street is undeveloped bushland which The proposed Right-of-Way would include the is subject to flooding and zoned such that further existing road reserve of Warren Street, and would development is prohibited. also include portions of the Murray Valley Highway and Mount Terrick road reserves.  Echuca town centre (accessed via Warren Street), which includes a range of business, The area west of Warren Street and north of Crofton government and community services as well as Street, through which the preferred alignment is the Historic Port of Echuca which is the focal located, is generally flood affected land and point of tourism in the area. comprises bushland reserve and recreational sporting facilities.  North of the commercial centre is a well- established residential area consisting primarily Some of the other key land uses and features within of detached residential dwellings. A significant the study area are shown Figure 13-2, Figure 13-3 proportion of this area is covered by Heritage and Figure 13-4 and include: Overlays in the Campaspe Planning Scheme.  Residential subdivisions and development in the  Echuca Lawn Tennis Club which comprises 17 growth area west of Echuca and the Murray grass tennis courts, and Victoria Park Valley Highway. Football/Cricket Club.  Established residential area on the eastern side of the Murray Valley Highway, south of Warren Street.

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 Former Echuca Secondary College site, Crofton Freehold land Street Campus, which is located at the western end of Crofton Street adjacent to the Campaspe In Victoria, 15 freehold properties are within the River which has been demolished and the site is preferred alignment and would be affected by the currently vacant. proposed road reserve. Some of these properties comprise multiple adjoining allotments that have a  North of the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club is the single landowner. The majority of these properties undeveloped bushland area of Victoria Park. This are located along the southern side of Warren bushland contains a number of informal unsealed Street. tracks and is used by walkers and runners as well as vehicles. The main track, which extends A single parcel of land owned by Coliban Water is around the outer edge of the reserve, is known located in proximity to the proposed roundabout at as Scenic Drive. Warren Street, on the Murray Valley Highway.

 Echuca Caravan Park, which is located east of Crown land Victoria Park, adjacent to the Murray River. The caravan park is predominantly for tourist use The proposed Right-of-Way would comprise a and caters for a variety of causal and permanent substantial amount of existing Crown land, which is accommodation needs. predominantly reserved for recreational purposes. Crown land within the proposed Right-of-Way  Echuca boat ramp and associated unsealed car includes: park and toilet block north-west of the Echuca Caravan Park. The car park and boat ramp are  Flood prone land on Warren Street managed by well used, especially during peak tourist events, DELWP (unreserved Crown land) including the Southern 80 Ski Race held on the  A public recreation and plantation reserve in Murray River. proximity to the Campaspe River, opposite  Houseboat moorings south of the boat ramp, Campaspe Esplanade, managed by the Shire of which are primarily utilised by tourism Campaspe as Committee of Management (CoM) companies for watercraft hire.  Campaspe River frontage, managed by the Shire of Campaspe as CoM 13.5.2 Land tenure  The former Echuca Secondary College site, A significant proportion of land within the proposed managed by the Department of Education and Right-of-Way is existing road reserve for which Training (DET) VicRoads is the responsible road authority. However, the proposed Right-of-Way would also traverse  Victoria Park managed by the Shire of Campaspe through both freehold land and Crown land reserves. as CoM  Echuca Lawn Tennis Club, managed by the Shire of Campaspe as CoM and leased to Echuca Lawn Tennis Club  Murray River frontage, managed by DELWP. In Victoria, 12 Crown land properties would be affected by the proposed road reserve.

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Figure 13-2 Land uses within the study area – south and west of the Campaspe River

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Figure 13-3 Land uses within the study area – east of the Campaspe River

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Figure 13-4 Land uses within the study area – Victoria Park

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13.5.3 Infrastructure the northern side of Mount Terrick Road, and the north-eastern side of the Murray Valley Highway. There are a number of infrastructure assets located within, or in close proximity to, the proposed Right- Telecommunication lines traverse Warren Street at a of-Way (refer to Mapbook in Technical Appendix A). number of locations, and from the intersection of The majority of existing infrastructure assets are Redman Street, they continue north-east along located at the south-western end of the preferred Warren Street. The proposed Right-of-Way is also alignment at the location of the proposed traversed by a telecommunication line in the roundabout, connecting Warren Street to the Murray proximity of Crofton Street. Valley Highway. A brief summary of known assets is provided below. Community infrastructure The presence of schools, hospitals, other health Sewer/wastewater services, recreational and community infrastructure The Terricks Road Sewer Pump Station is located within the broader study area is addressed in detail within close proximity to the proposed Right-of-Way, in the Social Impact Assessment Report undertaken on the southern side of Mount Terrick Road in for the Project (Technical Appendix H). proximity to the junction of Mount Terrick Road and the Murray Valley Highway. Stormwater drainage 13.5.4 Future land use and development channels and a stormwater retention basin are also located in this area. A summary of potential future land uses and initiatives relevant to the Project, which were Underground sewerage pipelines run through the highlighted in discussions with the Campaspe Shire proposed Right-of-Way, within the existing road Council are provided below. reserves of Mount Terrick Road, the Murray Valley Highway and Warren Street. Sewerage pipelines Planning permit applications cross Warren Street in proximity to the Murray Valley Highway and at the intersections of Warren Campaspe Shire Council has recently issued a permit Street and Redmond Street/Homan Street and in for the use and development of land for a proximity to Crofton Street. telecommunications facility at 28 Warren Street. The site, which is currently vacant, is located to the Gas north-east of Campaspe Esplanade in close proximity to the preferred alignment. A gas distribution main is located within the proposed Right-of-Way, extending along the western Additionally, a planning permit application has been side of the Murray Valley Highway, in the vicinity of submitted to extend St Leonards Homestead on Warren Street. The distribution main crosses the Crofton Street. At the time of writing this EES a proposed Right-of-Way at the intersection of the decision had not been made on the application. Murray Valley Highway and Mount Terrick Road, Discussions were also held with the former Minister continuing along the eastern side of the Murray for Environment and former Department of Valley Highway. Environment and Primary Industries (DEPI) staff about the potential construction of a clubhouse near Electrical transmission the boat ramp on the Murray River for the Southern 80 Ski Race. However, it is understood that no Overhead power lines and associated power poles formal application for the development of the are present within the proposed Right-of-Way. They clubhouse has been submitted by the Moama Water run along the eastern side of the Murray Valley Sports Club. Highway, extending through the southern-most section of the proposed Right-of-Way, across Warren Street. Planning Scheme Amendments The power lines continue along the northern side of Amendment C101 to the Campaspe Planning Mount Terrick Road and the north-western side of Scheme proposes to apply the Heritage Overlay to a Warren Street. The power lines traverse Warren number of identified heritage precincts and Street and enter private property on the south- individual places across the municipality (primarily eastern side of Warren Street until Redmond Street. those that were identified in the Campaspe Shire They then cross back into the proposed Right-of- Heritage Gaps Study (Shire of Campaspe, 2005). Way and once again continue down the north- The amendment also proposes to rectify a number of western side of Warren Street into Echuca. mapping anomalies that exist in the current Heritage Overlay mapping. The amendment is currently being Power lines also cross into the proposed Right-of- exhibited. As part of this amendment, it is proposed Way in the proximity of Crofton Street. to extend two Heritage Overlays – HO79 covering the Murray Pines, and HO41 covering St Leonards Communications homestead. These changes would result in both Heritage Overlays extending into the proposed Existing telecommunication lines are located within Right-of-Way. the proposed Right-of-Way. They extend along the western side of the Murray Valley Highway, in the VicRoads made a submission to proposed vicinity of Warren Street, and then continue along Amendment C101 on 18 of February 2015. Based on conclusions drawn by consultants Heritage Insight

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and Brett Lane and Associates (who identified that 13.5.5 Planning Scheme extending the heritage overlays would be of minor heritage value), VicRoads recommended in its The Campaspe Planning Scheme, administered by submission that the boundaries for the proposed Campaspe Shire Council, is relevant to this Project. Amendment C101 match the proposed Right-of-Way for the preferred alignment and that Amendment Campaspe Planning Scheme C101 acknowledge the proposed Right-of-Way. The Campaspe Planning Scheme states that the Amendment C101 was considered by a Planning Shire of Campaspe, covering an area of 2 Panel in July 2015. The Planning Panel’s report had approximately 4,500km in north-central Victoria, not been released at the time of writing this EES. had an estimated population of 36,200 people in 2006, with Echuca having an estimated population of Growth areas 12,358 people. The Shire of Campaspe has a Echuca has substantial residential growth potential hierarchy of townships which all interact to varying to the west, as identified in the Echuca West degrees. Echuca (which interacts with its NSW Framework Plan. It is estimated that the land that is counterpart, Moama) is the shire’s major centre. The currently zoned for urban development could bulk of the shire’s population is centred in the accommodate close to 550 conventional allotments. northern and eastern points of the Echuca-Kyabram- Medium density development is encouraged in the Rochester triangle. These towns form the social, Campaspe Planning Scheme for new residential economic and physical fabric within which the people areas. Residential development forecasts assume of Campaspe move for work, schooling, shopping, the number of dwellings in Echuca West would recreation, leisure and access community services increase by an average of 36 dwellings per annum to and facilities. 3,065 in 2036. State Planning Policy Framework A neighbourhood convenience shopping precinct has been identified to service this Echuca West area Every planning scheme includes the State Planning within land zoned for commercial uses along the Policy Framework (SPPF). The SPPF consists of Murray Valley Highway. This commercial zoning general principles for land use and development in could result in the future development of a highway Victoria as well as specific objectives and strategies. business area. It is considered the Project is broadly consistent with the relevant SPPF principles. A large industrial growth area is identified to the south-east of Echuca along the Melbourne and Table 13-2 provides a summary of the relevant SPPF Murray River Railway, as set out in the Echuca South policies. A detailed assessment of the Project against East Industrial and Commercial Growth Corridor individual SPPF policies is included in section 6.1.5 of Land Strategy (Shire of Campaspe, 2011), and is Technical Appendix G – Planning and Land Use reflected in the Echuca South East Structure Plan at Impact Assessment. Clause 21.04 of the Campaspe Planning Scheme. While still remaining largely farmland, this area would further build on the existing food industry precinct south of Mitchell Road and the Echuca Aerodrome. The site is over 2.5km from the Project and would not be directly impacted.

Table 13-2 State Planning Policies

Policy Relevance to Project

Clause 11 – Settlement This clause is relevant to the Project as it discusses the role of planning in responding to the needs of existing and future communities including in the provision of infrastructure to enable better connectivity, access and mobility.

Clause 12 – Environmental This clause contains a number of specific strategies that seek to protect and enhance and Landscape Values biodiversity, and significant environments and landscapes. It is of particular relevance to the Project due to the location of the preferred alignment within the sensitive Murray and Campaspe River environments.

Clause 13 – Environmental This clause is relevant as it discusses floodplain management, soil degradation, noise Risks abatement and air quality, all which are prevalent issues of this Project.

Clause 14 – Natural Resource The clause is relevant as it highlights the importance of the protection of natural resources Management including water and land. The Project is proposed in proximity to the Murray and Campaspe Rivers and is located within an important water catchment that needs to be protected.

Clause 15 – Built Environment Clause 15 discusses the responsibility of planning in ensuring that new land use and and Heritage development appropriately responds to its surrounding environment. The Project would be located in proximity to residential properties, areas of cultural and Aboriginal heritage values as well areas of high aesthetic and environmental value so would need to be of a high quality design.

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Policy Relevance to Project

Clause 16 – Housing Clause 16 discusses the need for the provision of housing supported by the efficient provision of infrastructure that allows for access to services, schools and employment opportunities.

Clause 17 – Economic This Clause is relevant to the project as it supports the need to invest in infrastructure to help Development provide for a strong and innovative economy.

Clause 18 – Transport This Clause is particularly relevant as it seeks to ensure the development of integrated transport systems that provide safe and reliable access to social and economic opportunities.

Local Planning Policy Framework The Local Planning Policy Framework (LPPF) sets a local and regional strategic policy context for a municipality and consists of the Municipal Strategic Statement (MSS) and specific local planning policies. The MSS provides a profile of the municipality and sets out planning, land use and development objectives. The Local Planning Policies (LPPs) are more detailed policies for implementing the objectives and strategies identified in the MSS. provides a summary of the relevant LPPF policies. A detailed assessment of the Project against the MSS and LPPF is included within section 6.1.6 of Technical Appendix G – Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment.

Table 13-3 Local Planning Policies

Policy Relevance to Project

Municipal Strategic Statement

Clause 21.02 – Key influences This Clause is relevant as it outlines key influences that the Project would address, including (amongst other things) population growth, environmental and heritage values and commercial, tourism and industrial growth.

Clause 21.03 – Vision Clause 21.03 is relevant as it outlines the overall vision for Echuca, which the Project needs to support and help achieve.

Clause 21.04-1 – Settlement This Clause provides that appropriate infrastructure enhances the prosperity and quality of life for both residents and visitors. In addition the policy recognises infrastructure delivery as a fundamental element in providing affordable and diverse housing, generating economic growth and sustainably managing the municipality. This Clause earmarks Echuca West as an area for future residential growth.

Clause 21.04-2 – Environment This Clause is relevant as it discusses key aspects of the environment, including water quality, native vegetation and pollution that need to be considered as part of the planning process.

Clause 21.04-3 – Economic This Clause identifies relevant policies relating to commerce, industry and tourism. The Development policy recognises the constrained nature of Echuca’s existing commercial centre with the historic area of the Port of Echuca to the north, the railway line to the east and the Campaspe River and identifies that as the town continues to grow restricted retail activities would need to become available on the major highways.

Clause 21.04-4 – Town Structure This Clause provides an indicative plan of the future desired growth patterns of Echuca, Plans which the Project should support and be consistent with.

Local Planning Policies

Clause 22.02 – Heritage Policy This policy is relevant as the Project would pass in proximity to a number of cultural and Aboriginal heritage sites/properties that would need to be protected during both the construction and operation of the Project.

Clause 22.03 – Port of Echuca While the Project would not be visible from the Port of Echuca, this policy highlights the Heritage Policy importance of the Port as a nationally significant tourist destination and the need for any major development to consider the impacts on the Port and the industries it supports.

Clause 22.07 – Water Sensitive This Clause seeks to ensure stormwater treatment measures are incorporated into the Urban Design design of development to protect and improve the condition of the natural waterways.

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Zone and overlays 13.5.6 General provisions General provisions provide information on the Zones administration and implementation of the planning Standardised zones are used in all planning schemes scheme and other related matters. The general across Victoria as required, and are used to provisions relevant to the Project include: administer and implement the SPPF and LPPF. Some  Clause 62 Uses, buildings, works, subdivision zones have tailored schedules that provide for local and demolition not requiring a permit circumstances. The zones within the proposed Right- of-Way or in proximity to the preferred alignment  Clause 65.01 Decision Guidelines are as follows (shown in Figure 13-5):  Clause 66 Referrals.  General Residential Zone (GRZ) These provisions are discussed in section 6.1.8 of  Commercial 2 Zone (C2Z) Technical Appendix G – Planning and Land Use

Impact Assessment.  Public Use Zone – Education (PUZ2)  Public Park and Recreation Zone (PPRZ)  Public Conservation and Resource Zone (PRCZ)  Road Zone Category 1 (RDZ1)  Urban Floodway Zone (UFZ).

Overlays As with zones, standard overlays are also applied to implement policy, as required, generally in the form of built form or development guidelines. Generally, overlays apply to a single issue or related set of issues and multiple overlays can be used on a parcel of land. Many overlays also have schedules to specify local objectives and requirements. The overlays within the proposed Right-of-Way or in proximity to the preferred alignment are (shown in Figure 13-6):  Environment Significance Overlay (ESO1)  Design and Development Overlay (DDO3)  Floodway Overlay (FO)  Land Subject to Inundation Overlay (LSIO)  Bushfire (Wildfire) Management Overlay (WMO). A detailed assessment of the Project against these zone and overlay controls is included in section 6.1.7 of Technical Appendix G – Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment.

Particular provisions Particular provisions apply to a range of particular uses and developments. The particular provisions apply in addition to the requirements of a zone or overlay control. Those considered relevant to the Project and the study area include:  Clause 52.17 Native Vegetation  Clause 52.29 Land Adjacent to a RDZ1, or a Public Acquisition Overlay for a Category 1 Road. These provisions are discussed in detail in section 6.1.8 of Technical Appendix G – Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment.

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Figure 13-5 Planning zones within or adjacent to the proposed Right-of-Way

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Figure 13-6 Planning overlays within or adjacent to the proposed Right-of-Way

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13.6 Impact assessment Economic development The following section outlines the potential benefits The Project would support urban growth and and impacts the Project may have on existing land economic development, through improved use and planning for future land uses, assuming that connectivity and more efficient movement between VicRoads standard environmental protection the townships of Echuca and Moama. Additionally, it measures are implemented, along with any Project- would greatly improve interstate access for Higher specific mitigation measures. Mass Limit (HML) vehicles, which support significant freight operations and local/regional industry. The impacts of the Project on planning and land use would not vary substantially between the initial It is likely that growth of planned highway alignment and ultimate duplication, given that commercial clusters to the west of Echuca (along the sufficient land would be acquired for the ultimate Murray Valley Highway in proximity to Warren duplication prior to construction of the initial Street) would be accelerated by the operation of the alignment. Project, as more traffic would be directed through the area. This would contribute to the diversity of 13.6.1 Consistency with planning policy services available at these local centres, providing a greater range of choice for the local community. The Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment (GHD, 2015b) includes a detailed assessment of the Residential growth and access to services Project with respect to planning policy. Planning policy covers a large breadth of land use, The Project would support the sustainable growth environmental, heritage, economic and social and development of Echuca-Moama consistent with aspects in controlling land use and development. local and regional planning policy. The assessment concluded that the Project is The Project would be located to the west of Echuca, generally consistent with State, regional and local in proximity of the identified residential and planning policies, which seek to improve links within commercial growth area outlined in the Echuca West and between the northern Victoria (Loddon Mallee) Framework Plan. As a result of the Project, Echuca’s and southern NSW regions. The Shire of Campaspe’s western growth areas would experience enhanced local policy specifically outlines the need for a local access to services, facilities and employment second river crossing to the West of Echuca and opportunities in both Echuca and Moama, which may Moama to enhance connections throughout the attract additional growth and development. region and the local community. The proposed roundabout at the intersection of The land uses within and surrounding the proposed Murray Valley Highway and Warren Street and the Right-of-Way predominantly include residential, increased volumes of traffic at this location may also recreational and commercial uses, with much of the stimulate the development of adjacent commercially proposed Right-of-Way comprising flood prone land. zoned land (which is currently undeveloped). This The development of the Project would not commercial land is indicated in the Echuca West compromise the intent of the existing land uses Framework Plan as a local centre primarily servicing within the study area and would in fact contribute to local needs. The increased traffic volumes as a result the facilitation of further growth, consistent with of the Project may attract a greater range of desired regional growth patterns, and improved businesses including those focussed on capturing the access to recreational facilities and services. trade of passing traffic – such as petrol stations and The protection and enhancement of environment, fast food restaurants. These types of uses would be heritage, social and economic values are considered appropriate to a commercially zoned, main road within the various specialist technical assessments location, and the existing planning scheme includes prepared for this EES, consistent with the State and sufficient policy to ensure that any commercial local planning policies. Impacts are proposed to be development is appropriately designed for such a managed through the implementation of an ‘gateway’ to Echuca, and manages the interface with Environmental Management Plan, consistent with residential land to maintain amenity. In addition the requirements of the Environmental Management these types of uses would benefit the local Framework (refer to Chapter 20). community through increased employment and economic growth, supporting this western growth 13.6.2 Benefits and opportunities area. Additionally, the proposed pedestrian and cyclist This section summarises some of the Project’s key access which would be provided along the preferred benefits for the townships of Echuca-Moama and the alignment would increase accessibility and safety for broader region, from a planning and land use these modes of transport. The Project would reduce perspective. the travelling distance for pedestrians and cyclists wishing to cross the Murray River to access Victoria Park and the Moama Sports Precinct. The improvement in connectivity would be such that these destinations would be readily accessible to pedestrians or cyclists on either side of the Murray River.

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13.6.3 Land severance and acquisition Existing structures such as fences and driveways would require removal or relocation on some Land acquisition allotments, although none are expected to result in a change to overarching land use or policy Proposed land acquisition has generally been inconsistency. As such, the impact to land use is minimised where possible. Regionally, the direct considered to be short-term and would be mitigated area of loss of freehold land would be relatively through relocation of the structures or small when compared to other major road projects, compensation, as appropriate. as the proposed Right-of-Way utilises existing road reserves or immediately adjacent and parallel within Land severance freehold land. Severance of a property would occur when the The Project would result in the acquisition of entire alignment isolates an area of land through its allotments in nine instances. Eight of these are on passage through a property. This would occur the northern side of Warren Street at the proposed through the former Echuca Secondary College site roundabout near the intersection of Payne Street, on Crofton Street, and Victoria Park. close to the Campaspe River. Of these eight allotments, six are privately-owned by a single Public access would be altered between these areas. landholder and are generally in contiguous However access would be re-established in ownership. One allotment is unreserved Crown land, appropriate locations as part of the Project. and another is owned by the Shire of Campaspe. Confirmation of the preferred alignment would also These allotments are currently undeveloped and enable updating of the draft Victoria Park Master zoned such that development potential is Plan, which already anticipates the Project in this constrained due to flood risk (i.e. UFZ). From a land location. The preferred alignment has been designed use perspective, there is negligible impact as a to avoid existing recreational infrastructure result of the acquisition of these allotments for the wherever possible (with the exception of the Echuca Project. Only one other allotment would be wholly Lawn Tennis Club), and accordingly would provide a acquired for the project, being the former Echuca convenient physical boundary between the existing Secondary College site where a small (52m2) parcel active recreational buildings/facilities section of the of land at the eastern extent of the wider precinct, and the natural passive recreational landholding would be required for the Project. sections of the precinct. In most other instances, it is considered that Crown land acquisition of land to facilitate road construction would not result in any unreasonable short-term In Victoria, the use of Crown land for a road requires land use impacts (other than the direct impact of the consent of the Minister for Environment, Climate land required for the roadway itself), and the current Change and Water (under section 11 (2)(a) of the land use of the balance of the allotments, and that Road Management Act 2004 (Vic.)), and declaration of adjoining allotments, would remain consistent of an arterial road requires consultation with the with the existing land uses and current zoning Secretary to DELWP (section 14(6)). Any existing controls and policies contained within the Campaspe licences would need to be cancelled or amended Planning Scheme. In total, there would be 58 prior to the commencement of works. allotments affected by acquisition to varying extents and approximately 19ha of land would be acquired The Project would require the acquisition of a for the proposed Right-of-Way across both Victoria substantial amount of Crown land. The impacts of and NSW, including almost 10ha of Crown land. This acquisition on Crown land, including on Victoria Park would include: are discussed in the following sections.

 Nine private landowners as well as the Shire of 13.6.4 Construction impacts Campaspe, Murray Shire and Coliban Water  Crown land managed by DELWP, the Shire of Infrastructure land uses Campaspe and DET (including land with Crown There would be some temporary impacts during leases such as that of the Echuca Lawn Tennis construction to utility services. There are a number Club). of services located within and adjacent to the The area of acquisition would be confirmed through proposed Right-of-Way, as outlined in section surveying following finalisation of the detailed 13.5.3. These would require relocation. design. Impacts relating to disruption to services are If Amendment C101 to the Campaspe Planning considered to be temporary, and would be managed Scheme is approved, HO41 and HO79 would extend so as to minimise disruption to customers. into the proposed Right-of-Way. However, as this There are other services which traverse the would only require the acquisition of a small portion proposed Right-of-Way, and detailed design of the of land within HO41 (from the very western corner project would need to consider how to protect the of St Leonards Homestead) on Crofton Street, it is underground infrastructure assets in accordance considered that there would not be a significant land with each provider’s requirements. use impact.

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Amenity and access 13.6.5 Operational impacts Short term impacts of the Project would include amenity and access impacts on surrounding land Amenity uses during construction of the Project. Such In the longer term, residential and commercial impacts are expected to include temporary road properties located proximate to the preferred closures, increased truck movements on local roads alignment would experience greater levels of traffic associated with materials delivery and spoil disposal, noise and air emissions and some visual changes, access alterations, increased noise, dust and potentially reducing the existing level of amenity. vibration associated with construction works, as well The extent of these impacts and the proposed as the visible presence of construction activities. management measures are outlined in Chapter 15 While these impacts would be minimised wherever and Chapter 18. possible, and would be temporary only for the duration of construction, they cannot be avoided The Social Impact Assessment (Technical Appendix entirely. H) noted that owners of residential dwellings may be sensitive to altered acoustic and visual amenity as a The Environmental Management Framework in result of the Project. The Economic Impact Chapter 20 demonstrates how emissions (air and Assessment (Technical Appendix N) also highlighted noise), visual and other amenity impacts, including that a small number of businesses located close to access, are proposed to be managed during the preferred alignment may experience noise and construction activities. Communication with the local visual impacts, including the Echuca Holiday Park. community would assist in reducing potential inconvenience and disruption during construction, as However, the Economic Impact Assessment discussed further in Chapter 14. concludes that implementation of recommended management measures (refer Chapter 19) would Disruption to recreation, community and reduce or remove potential adverse business tourism land uses impacts. In addition, it is expected that affected residents and businesses may be able to adjust to Potential impacts of the Project on recreation and the changes over time. Accordingly, it is not tourism during the construction period would be expected that the Project would cause any largely associated with impacts on amenity, traffic significant impacts to land use as a result of changes and access. The location of construction activities to amenity. within Victoria Park and the Campaspe recreational precinct may result in temporary access restrictions to recreation destinations, tourist sites and facilities. Access Additionally, short-term impacts on flora and fauna, The project provides suitable access for all existing waterways, and other environmental values would properties, land uses and developments, albeit impact on the amenity of Victoria Park and the altered in some cases. For example residential Murray River as natural environments. This could properties fronting the north west side of Warren potentially reduce the appeal of Victoria Park and Street, would be accessed via proposed two-way the Murray River as recreational or tourist service roads that would connect to Homan and destinations during the construction of the Project. Redman Streets, instead of being accessed directly off Warren Street. Additionally, access to Scenic There is potential for boating activities on the Drive would be retained and there would be no Murray River to be impacted due to the visual permanent local road closures as a result of the intrusion of the Project, presence of temporary Project. Changes to access are not expected to exclusion zones around pier construction areas and result in any changes to land uses. through limited boat parking space during construction of the Project through the existing Under the ‘no project’ scenario, weight limitations on Echuca Boat Ramp car park. the existing river crossing would continue to prohibit HML vehicles, which in turn would limit certain types The nature and extent of these impacts and of industries from establishing in Echuca. It is management measures to address them are anticipated that industrial growth would benefit from considered in more detail in the other specialist the Project proceeding. The Project would provide a technical assessments prepared for this EES. restriction-free river crossing between Victoria and NSW, which could encourage larger national These impacts would be short term and would be industries and distributors to establish in Echuca due minimised through the implementation of the to the ability to efficiently distribute goods locally, Environmental Management Plan and community state-wide and nationally. This would support the consultation. Once the Project was operational, local agricultural sector, in particular, and also access and amenity at Victoria Park, along the support the further growth and development of Murray River and in the recreational precinct would designated industrial growth precincts such as the be restored. South East Echuca Industrial Precinct.

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Disruption to recreation, community and restructure of Victoria Park. The locations for tourism land uses replacement courts would be investigated as part of the updated Victoria Park Master Plan. In the longer term the Project is expected to broadly benefit recreational and tourism land uses in the Echuca Caravan Park region through more efficient access and improved traffic flows. Poor traffic conditions are currently a The Echuca Caravan Park site would not be directly major issue during the peak summer period and impacted by the Project. However, the Project would major tourist events. Impacts to specific land uses alter the existing environment surrounding the within the study area are considered below. caravan park. Visual and noise impacts from the operation of the road could have the potential to Echuca boat ramp affect the desirability of the caravan park as a place to live or stay due to reduced amenity. Visual The proposed bridge would extend over part of the impacts are discussed in more detail in Chapter 15, existing unsealed gravel car park associated with the and noise impacts are discussed in Chapter 18. Echuca boat ramp and require the removal of the existing public toilet block. The boat ramp would be retained, as well as associated car parking. The 13.7 Environmental management public toilet block would be replaced in a suitable measures location following completion of the Project. VicRoads has a standard set of environmental Confirmation of the Project design is expected to protection measures which are typically incorporated assist with resolution of the future use and into its construction contracts for road works and management of the surrounding Crown land. It is bridge works. These measures have been used as understood the ski club and DELWP are awaiting the the starting point for the assessment of outcome of the Project. However, it is not expected construction-related risks and are listed in Chapter the Project would jeopardise future development of 20 and described in detail in EES Technical Appendix a club house in this location. O – Section 177 Environmental Management. In some instances, additional Project-specific Victoria Park and former Echuca Secondary environmental management measures have been College site recommended by specialists to reduce risks relating to construction and operation. Whilst the preferred alignment would have a visual impact from within Victoria Park, it would also The Planning and Land Use Impact Assessment increase the visibility of the park to passing traffic, (Technical Appendix G) used information from the potentially leading to increased awareness and other impact assessments undertaken for the EES to patronage. Access to the park would be retained, inform the assessment of planning and land use however with some changes: impacts.  Some access points would now have the The assessment of planning and land use impacts proposed bridge overhead considered the implementation of:  The walking tracks near the boat ramp and the  VicRoads standard environmental management Echuca Lawn Tennis Club would be realigned. measures This would potentially be less convenient for some  The Project-specific environmental management people if for example, they have to travel greater measures recommended in other specialist distances. assessments and outlined in Chapter 20 As part of the Project, a new cycling and pedestrian  Management measures outlined in Chapter 6, shared pathway is proposed along the preferred including those relating to: alignment. This shared pathway would connect to • Arrangements for vehicle access during the existing tracks within Victoria Park and therefore construction may encourage increased patronage through improved access. • Relocation and/or protection of utility assets Confirmation of the location of the Project through • The assessment of compensation where Victoria Park would enable updating of the Victoria appropriate under the provisions of the Land Park Master Plan, and subsequent upgrades to Acquisition and Compensation Act. facilities and infrastructure as outlined in the plan. It Following the implementation of these management would also enable resolution of the future land use measures, there are not expected to be any of the former Echuca Secondary College site. significant detrimental planning or land use impacts The Project would result in the acquisition and as a result of the Project. relocation of six lawn tennis courts at the western Therefore, no additional Project specific end of the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club, which would environmental management measures are alter the way the tennis club operates. No additional recommended to address planning and land use courts would be lost as a result of the development impacts. of the ultimate duplication. At total of 11 lawn tennis courts would still be available and additional courts could potentially be developed as part of the

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13.8 Planning scheme amendment 13.9 Conclusion In addition to the EES, planning approvals are The Project would not result in any significant required to facilitate the Project under the zone and change of land use within the Project area and would overlay provisions of the Campaspe Planning support urban growth (to the west of the Echuca and Scheme, as outlined in the Planning and Land Use Moama townships) and economic development Impact Assessment (Technical Appendix G). Further, within these towns and the surrounding region. VicRoads cannot compulsorily acquire land under the The Project as a whole is broadly consistent with Land Acquisition and Compensation Act unless the State and local policy and would not result in any land is first reserved via a 'planning instrument'. significant inconsistencies with relevant polices. In a Planning Scheme, a 'Public Acquisition Overlay' Land use and planning related impacts would be (PAO) is the appropriate planning instrument to generally short term and construction related, such facilitate the acquisition of land. as impacts to native vegetation, utility services and Accordingly, a Planning Scheme Amendment (PSA) amenity impacts, which would be appropriately would be required to the Campaspe Planning managed through the implementation of VicRoads Scheme that: standard environmental protection measures and Project-specific management measures. In the  Applies a PAO over the area of land to be longer term, native vegetation losses would be offset acquired for the Project so that there is no net loss, and amenity impacts  Provides for site specific planning permit during operation would be minimised through exemptions under Clause 52.03 (Specific Sites landscaping and noise attenuation. and Exclusions) for the Project Overall, the direct property impacts would generally  Introduces an Incorporated Document under be localised and site specific. The proposed Right-of- Clause 81.01 that details Project-specific Way is designed to minimise the acquisition of conditions. private land and does not directly impact on any dwellings. The Right-of-Way would utilise existing A draft PSA for the preferred alignment has been road reserves for part of its length, and land that prepared for the Campaspe Planning Scheme and is would be acquired is generally located adjacent to included in EES Technical Appendix A. existing boundaries or fence lines. As such, the Whilst the draft PSA is being displayed with the EES, acquisition impacts on individual land holdings would it is not formal exhibition of the PSA within the be limited. meaning of the Planning and Environment Act. The The greatest land use impacts resulting from exhibition with the EES, however, provides the acquisition in Victoria would be to Victoria Park and opportunity for interested persons to comment on the former Echuca Secondary College site. These the PSA along with the EES. impacts would be due to changes to access and Following the completion of the EES process, amenity and the loss of six tennis courts at the VicRoads would request that the PSA to the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club. The existing draft Victoria Campaspe Planning Scheme be processed pursuant Park Master Plan anticipates the road in this to section 20(4) of the Planning and Environment location. Access to Victoria Park and the boat ramp Act (the Minister for Planning being the planning at the Murray River would be retained and the tennis authority), without further public notice. This is courts would be relocated. appropriate because: Compensation for severance and land acquisition  The Minister must consider the Minister’s impacts would be provided where appropriate Assessment of the EES consistent with the Land Acquisition and Compensation Act.  The Project is of significance to the State of Victoria The impacts of the Project on planning and land use would not vary substantially between the initial  The environmental, social and economic effects alignment and ultimate duplication, given that of the Project are considered through the EES sufficient land would be acquired for the ultimate process duplication prior to construction of the initial  There has been extensive community alignment. consultation throughout the planning phases of this EES  The EES process enables the views of relevant parties to be considered and reviewed by an independent inquiry  Relevant draft PSA and supporting documents are exhibited with the EES. A summary of the proposed planning scheme amendment process for the Project is provided in Chapter 3.

14-1 14 Social

The Social Impact Assessment (AECOM, 2015) Given the interdependence of Echuca and examined the existing social conditions in the Moama, including the reliance of residents on study area and the potential impacts of the essential services located only in Echuca Project on individuals and the community. and/or Moama, the additional security of access provided by a second river crossing is Social impacts can include a wide range of essential. issues. For the Project, the purpose of the Social Impact Assessment was to assess the The Project would improve pedestrian and social impacts on residents, visitors, cyclist connectivity to key destinations, community groups, community facilities and including Victoria Park. places of special interest within the study In addition, the new bridge could become a area. structure of note within the region and Social benefits, opportunities, issues and facilitate the proposed Bridge Arts Project in impacts assessed included: NSW.  The potential social benefits of the Project, Potential impacts associated with construction including safety improvements and of the Project on the Southern 80 Ski Race opportunities for amenity improvements would be mitigated by the Project’s design, VicRoads’ standard environmental protection  The implications for local and regional measures and other specific Project residents in terms of access to properties commitments. and services However, the final operation of the Project  The net community benefit of the Project would have a moderately negative impact on in terms of social sustainability. visitors to Victoria Park and a minor negative Echuca is located within the Shire of impact on members of the Echuca Lawn Campaspe while Moama is part of the Murray Tennis Club, who would experience varying Shire. Historically, Echuca has always been degrees of change to existing visual amenity the larger of the two towns. The population of and increased noise levels. Echuca is three times that of Moama but, in Predicted changes to visual amenity and recent years, the population of Moama has increased noise levels could also have a minor been growing at twice the rate of Echuca. negative impact on a small number of The social and economic roles of the two permanent residents of Echuca Holiday Park towns are closely intertwined. Both towns and long-term annual permit holders who may function, and are locally recognised, as a choose to holiday in a different location. single community. They rely heavily on each other for services and facilities, with extensive collaboration and little need for duplication of 14.1 EES objectives services. The vast majority of employment, education, emergency and social services are The objective of the Social Impact Assessment for provided in Echuca. the Project, as specified in the EES Scoping The Project would provide a number of Requirements Draft Evaluation Objectives, is “To positive social benefits. The preferred minimise adverse social and land use effects, alignment would relieve traffic congestion on including impacts on existing uses of the Crown the existing bridge and approaches and land”. improve travel times for motorists. This would This chapter is based on the Social Impact increase accessibility to local facilities and Assessment completed by AECOM (2015), which is services for residents of Echuca and Moama. included in EES Technical Appendix H. It is a The Project would also relieve traffic summary of that assessment and includes discussion congestion within the town centres of Echuca of the potential social impacts of the Project, and Moama thereby improving the safety and particularly on residents, visitors, businesses, amenity of these centres. community groups and facilities, and places of special interest within the study area. Stakeholders consulted as part of the Social Impact Assessment, including representatives Key issues of Campaspe Shire Council and Murray Shire Council, felt the attractiveness of Echuca and  The potential for the Project to unreasonably Moama were currently negatively impacted by impact on land, including existing recreational traffic. and non-recreational uses of the Crown land. The Project would significantly reduce the risks associated with disrupted access across the Murray River, particularly in relation to traffic incidents on the existing bridge.

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Priorities for characterising the existing Appendix H. However, it is recognised that Echuca environment and Moama function, and are locally recognised, as a single community. Therefore both towns are  Describe the demographic and social character of discussed in this chapter where relevant. nearby residential and tourist communities in the vicinity of the Project, as well as local movement patterns and any places with particular 14.3 Methodology community recreational or cultural significance. The methodology for the Social Impact Assessment  Identify any existing sporting and community included the following activities: infrastructure, land use plans or related  A document and literature review – including objectives for land within, adjacent to or affected previous Social Impact Assessments undertaken by the Project, including the Murray River for the Project and survey data commissioned by corridor. the Shire of Campaspe (URS, 2009)

Design and mitigation measures  A review of local council and Victorian Government social policy relevant to the study  Identify potential and proposed design responses area and measures to minimise adverse  social…effects. A site visit to Echuca-Moama and surrounds in September 2014, documenting existing Assessment of likely effects conditions, community facilities, services and places of special interest  Assess the potential effects on communities  Targeted interviews with the following living near the Project in terms of potential stakeholders during October 2014: severance, loss of recreational and non- recreational uses and values, and reduction in • Campaspe Shire Council access to sporting or community infrastructure. • Murray Shire Council  Evaluate the consistency of the Project against the policies and provisions of the Campaspe • Echuca Football Netball Club Planning Scheme and other relevant land use • Echuca Lawn Tennis Club planning strategies. • Echuca Holiday Park Approach to manage performance • Echuca-Moama & District Tourism Association  Describe any further measures that are proposed • Southern 80 Ski Race to enhance social outcomes for residents living in the vicinity of the Project, including as part of • C4EM the Environmental Management Framework and • Bridge Arts Project representatives. resulting residual effects.  An updated demographic analysis based on data Key issues and requirements relating to planning from the 2011 Census of Population and Housing and land use impacts are addressed in Chapter 13. and Victorian Government population The Social Impact Assessment focussed on the projections. preferred alignment. The term ‘the Project’ is used in The Social Impact Assessment was not based on an this chapter to refer to the preferred alignment only. environmental risk framework, as the assessment of social impact focuses on predicted change rather 14.2 Study area than the risk of environmental harm, and interpretation of impacts is more qualitative and The study area for the Social Impact Assessment therefore more difficult to measure. incorporates the townships of Echuca and Moama, which surround the preferred alignment. The study Consistent with best practice in the assessment of area includes adjacent properties and land uses social impacts, the following definitions were impacted by the Project as well as the broader sub- employed for the Social Impact Assessment: regional communities and associated land uses.  A social change or effect is an observable social The preferred alignment is generally across flat, low- change invoked by an intervention lying flood prone land located on the edge of the  Social impacts comprise the experience (positive urban area of Echuca. or negative) of a social change or effect by Land uses vary from commercial, bushland, specific individuals or groups (social receptors). recreational and tourism to residential (refer Figure Social impacts are distinct from social 14-2). changes/effects because different individuals and This chapter focuses on the potential effects of the groups (social receptors) can experience social construction and operation of the Project within change differently depending on their circumstances Victoria, in accordance with the purpose of the EES. (Van Schooten et al., 2003). The potential effects of the construction and

operation of the Project within NSW are discussed in the Social Impact Assessment in EES Technical

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Predicted social impacts of the Project were  The sensitivity of particular social receptors, assessed in terms of their significance. Two factors considered in terms of the capacity of particular were considered when assessing the significance of receptors to cope with/benefit from a predicted predicted social impacts (refer Table 14-1): change.  The magnitude of social changes or effects likely A more detailed description of the approach and to generate impacts, considered in terms of methodology for the Social Impact Assessment is duration, scale and reversibility included in EES Technical Appendix H.

Table 14-1 Significance of social impacts

Significance Sensitivity Magnitude (negative/ positive) Duration Scale Reversibility

Extremely negative / Change is considered Greater than 10 State-wide Permanent positive unacceptable/necessary by social years community receptor

Negative / positive Change is considered 5-10 Years Regional community Largely permanent detrimental/highly beneficial by social receptor

Moderately negative / Change is undesirable/ beneficial 2-5 years Local community Some important positive for social receptor aspects are permanent

Minor negative / Change is somewhat acceptable 6 months to 2 years Part of a local In most important positive but not desirable/has limited community respects can be benefits for social receptor reversed

Negligible Change is neither desired or Less than 6 months A small number of Can be fully resisted by social receptors individuals reversed

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Figure 14-1 Study area

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Figure 14-2 Context map of the Project

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14.4 Legislation and policy The legislation and government policies relevant to the Social Impact Assessment are discussed in Table 14-2. Table 14-2 Relevant legislation and policy

Legislation/policy Description

State

Transport The Transport Integration Act provides a policy framework for transport and land use agencies. The Act: Integration Act 2010  Provides for an integrated sustainable transport system by unifying all elements of the (Vic.) transport portfolio  Provides for a ‘triple bottom line’ (economic, social and environmental) assessment of the transport system  Provides for a common vision, objectives and principles for integrated and sustainable transport policies and operations  Provides for the integration of land use and transport planning by including ‘interfacing bodies/agencies’ under the coverage of the Act  Recognises that the transport system should be conceived and planned as a single system rather than competing nodes.

Planning and The Planning and Environment Act establishes a framework for planning the use, development and Environment Act protection of land in Victoria in the present and long-term interest of all Victorians. The Planning and 1987 (Vic.) Environment Act sets out the legislative basis to ensure that standard planning provisions are prepared and approved throughout Victoria. The Act sets out procedures for preparing and amending the Victoria Planning Provisions (VPP) and planning schemes, obtaining permits under planning schemes, settling disputes, enforcing compliance with planning schemes, and other administrative procedures. It provides for a single instrument of planning control in a particular area, the planning scheme, which sets out the way land may be used or developed. The planning scheme is a legal document, prepared and approved under the Planning and Environment Act. The planning and construction of the Echuca-Moama Bridge Project would form a small but vital part of a broader land use, housing, connectivity and employment strategy of the State. The Planning and Environment Act is therefore relevant to the assessment of any social impacts for the Project. Specifically, Section 12(2)(c) of the Act states that “In preparing a planning scheme or amendment, a planning authority must take into account its social effects.” Therefore, it is necessary for the Social Impact Assessment to include consideration of the potential social impacts of the Project on the working, living and recreational environment, now and into the future. The assessment also considers whether the Project would contribute to securing a pleasant, efficient and safe working, living and recreational environment for key stakeholders. The relevant planning scheme for the study area is the Campaspe Planning Scheme.

Plan Melbourne and The Loddon Mallee North Regional Growth Plan (Victorian Government, 2014) has been aligned with Loddon Mallee North other regional growth plans and the new metropolitan planning strategy, Plan Melbourne, in a way that Regional Growth builds on the interdependence of urban settlements and facilitates their development as a networked Plan (2014) ‘state of cities’. The Loddon Mallee North Regional Growth Plan sets out a regional approach to land use planning across the five municipalities of Buloke, Campaspe, Gannawarra, Mildura and Swan Hill. The Plan identifies opportunities to encourage and accommodate growth and address challenges over the next 30 years. One of the key land use planning directions in the Plan is to “support road, rail and logistics upgrades to improve economic growth and accessibility”. Specifically in relation to the Project, the Loddon Mallee North Regional Growth Plan states: “Murray River bridge crossings are an essential part of the transport network. There are cross-border communities that rely on access to goods, services, education and employment on the other side of the river. Murray River crossings are also important for supporting the national freight network. Planning is currently underway for upgrades to Murray River crossings, including sequenced construction of new bridges at Echuca, Swan Hill and Yarrawonga, with the initial priority at Echuca. These crossings are a key priority over the medium to long term outlined in Victoria’s 2012 submission to Infrastructure Australia.” The Loddon Mallee North Regional Growth Plan also notes that the Project would assist in meeting some of the other strategic directions including the need to strengthen and improve access to local settlements and improve the local economy. The Project would provide a vital link between Echuca and Moama, and more broadly Victoria and NSW, which would contribute to the facilitation of one of the Plan’s key land use strategies of “aligning economic and population growth with urban settlement, industry, services and infrastructure”.

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Legislation/policy Description

A Fairer Victoria - A Fairer Victoria - Real Support, Real Gains is a Victorian Government policy outlining the commitment Real Support, Real to reducing disadvantage and promoting social inclusion. Gains (2010) The Project would contribute to this policy commitment by improving access to employment, social and recreational opportunities for residents of both towns and surrounding areas, and improving levels of community safety.

Securing Victoria’s Securing Victoria’s Economy specifies the Victorian Government’s commitment to progress planning for Economy (2013) the optimal alignment of the Echuca-Moama Bridge, which would improve the efficiency of the Northern Highway as a road link for passenger movements and freight.

Victoria in Future The Victorian Government's official population and household projections, Victoria in Future 2014 (2014) incorporate 2011 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census data and current population estimates. Utilisation of 2011 Census data assisted in the assessment of the social impacts of the Project. Full details are outlined in the demographics section of the Social Impact Assessment report in EES Technical Appendix H.

Local

Campaspe Planning A planning scheme sets out objectives, policies and provisions relating to the use, development, Scheme protection and conservation of land in the area to which it applies. The applicable planning scheme within the Victorian proportion of the study area is the Campaspe Planning Scheme. A set of standard provisions called the VPP forms a template for all planning schemes. Included in the VPP is the State Planning Policy Framework (SPPF), which covers strategic issues of State importance. The SPPF identifies Echuca as a ‘regional city’ where ongoing urban development will be supported and directed as a priority. Better connections across regional Victoria are a key State policy. The SPPF supports ongoing development of Echuca, including integration of its land use and transport connections, and encourages efficient, safe, sustainable and equitable transport options. Also included in the planning scheme is the Local Planning Policy Framework (LPPF) which sets a local and regional strategic policy context for the municipality. Clauses of the LPPF that are relevant to the Social Impact Assessment include:  Clause 21.04-1 Settlement  Clause 21.04-2 Environment  Clause 21.04-3 Economic Development  Clause 21.04-4 Town Structure Plans  Clause 22.02 Heritage Policy  Clause 22.03 Port of Echuca Heritage Policy. These local policies highlight that:  The Shire of Campaspe is committed to maintaining and enhancing the social wellbeing of the community and is committed to the process of consultation as an integral part of project evaluation.  Future development in Echuca will be in the west, including infill development. The preferred alignment must consider access issues relating to future growth areas.  The agriculture and tourism industries will continue to grow.  Fragmentation and traffic issues must be avoided. The preferred alignment is seen as an opportunity to resolve traffic issues.  The preferred alignment would need to address potential off-site impacts resulting from constructing a bridge within a floodplain.  The preferred alignment would need to minimise the impact on significant cultural heritage sites, heritage assets, significant trees and vistas.  Road upgrades should aim to improve traffic safety and maintain visual amenity.  The Project would provide improved access for the communities of both towns to a range of community, commercial, recreational and employment activities.

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Legislation/policy Description

Shire of Campaspe The Project is consistent with Council objectives in advocacy for infrastructure that supports business Council Plan (2013- establishment and development and ensures that transport networks enable easy access to localities, 2017) and improve links between local and regional destinations. Other local plans and policies highlight:  The planning for, and location of, the preferred alignment needs to have regard to improving social connectedness within Echuca and in neighbouring communities. Due regard must be given to avoid impacts on physical and community infrastructure.  The planning for, and location of, the preferred alignment is likely to support future growth and economic development within Echuca-Moama.  The planning for, and provision of, the preferred alignment would support integrated planning for recreational and sporting facilities in both Echuca and Moama thereby improving access to specialised facilities at Victoria Park in Echuca and the Moama Recreation Reserve.  The planning for, and location of, the approach road for the preferred alignment through part of Victoria Park should have regard to the integration of pedestrian and cycle routes through the area.  The planning for, and location of, the approach road for the preferred alignment through part of Victoria Park, and the bridge itself, would need to have regard to ensuring access for disabled people.  The issue of appropriately locating and integrating the preferred alignment with the adjacent sports precinct is an important part of the Social Impact Assessment, and would involve consultation with Victoria Park users.

14.5 Existing conditions 14.5.1 The Echuca-Moama community The population of Moama also increased between 2006 and 2011 by approximately 510 people. Residents consulted as part of the 2011 and 2012 Growth in Moama over this period comprised a large Social Impact Assessment reported they enjoyed proportion of all growth across Murray Shire. No living in Echuca-Moama as it was quiet and peaceful population forecast is available for Moama. However, and provided access to a wide range of facilities and the population of Murray Shire is projected to grow services. Other positive features of the townships by approximately 1,500 residents to 2031. reported by residents included access to the Murray River and the friendly local community. The population of Echuca was substantially younger than the population of Moama at the time of the In the 2011 assessment, residents living in the 2011 Census. Warren Street area reported they liked being close to both central Echuca and bushland. Residents in 14.5.3 Private property the Crofton Street area reported they valued living in a quiet area with good access to facilities. Housing provides shelter and a sense of security and stability. People can form strong attachments to a Consultation conducted as part of this, and previous home as it is often where they have lived for a Social Impact Assessments, indicate the two towns number of years, raised their family and where they are essentially seen as one interdependent urban may be planning to retire. centre by local residents. Residents make use of facilities and services located on both sides of the Census data indicate a high proportion of Echuca- Murray River. Moama residents own their own homes. Echuca- Moama currently has limited supply of rental 14.5.2 Population characteristics and housing; with high demand for housing leading to trends extremely low vacancy rates (refer to Chapter 19). The townships of Echuca and Moama have a 14.5.4 Community resources combined population of almost 20,000 people. Echuca-Moama is also a popular tourist destination, Community resources in Echuca and Moama have receiving 1.2 million overnight and daytrip visitors been mapped in Figure 14-5. per year. Consistent with its relatively large permanent The population of Echuca grew by 839 people population and its role in tourism, Echuca-Moama is between 2006 and 2011. In contrast, the population equipped with major community infrastructure. of the Shire of Campaspe as a whole declined Community facilities in the study area include senior marginally across the same period. Echuca is citizens clubs, aged care facilities, churches, an RSL projected to continue its role as the major growth and other clubs. Echuca has a well patronised public centre in the Shire of Campaspe to 2031. The library and the Paramount Theatre, located on High population of Echuca is projected to grow by Street, serves as both a cinema and live theatre approximately 2,400 people to 2031, comprising venue for the community. almost 60 per cent of all growth projected in Campaspe over this period.

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Police stations are located in both Echuca and Echuca Holiday Park Moama, with the Echuca police station open 24 hours per day. Echuca has a local fire station and a Echuca Holiday Park is located in the south-east rural fire brigade is located in Moama. corner of Victoria Park. It is owned by the Shire of Campaspe and operated by contracted park An ambulance station, operated by Ambulances managers. The caravan park provides 273 sites in Victoria, is located in Echuca, well to the south of total which are a mix of cabins and powered sites. At the study area and it services both Echuca and present it is the only caravan park in the Echuca Moama. township. The Echuca Holiday Park’s appeal lies in its proximity Education to the Echuca township, the Murray River and its The Echuca-Moama area contains a number of early pleasant setting within the grounds of Victoria Park. years’ facilities including kindergartens and pre- school care facilities. Primary schools are available 14.5.5 Open space and recreation for local students in both Echuca and Moama. Three secondary schools are located within the study Victoria Park area, which service both Echuca and Moama Victoria Park is the largest recreational facility in the residents. Residents commonly have a preference study area and provides opportunities for both for particular secondary schools so it is common for passive and active recreation. students to reside in one town and attend school in the other town. Echuca Secondary College has The park comprises a formal recreation area recently consolidated all of its facilities onto one site including a football/cricket oval, 17 grass tennis in Butcher Street, leaving the former Echuca courts, two netball courts, and two joint-use Country Secondary College site at Crofton Street vacant. Fire Brigade (CFA) training tracks. Bendigo TAFE is the sole tertiary educational These facilities are the home of local sporting clubs institution in the area, operating from new facilities including the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club, Echuca in central Echuca. Football Netball Club, Echuca Junior Football Club and Echuca Cricket Club. Echuca Regional Health Echuca Regional Health provides a range of health services to approximately 45,000 people living in the catchment areas of the Shire of Campaspe and Murray Shire. Echuca Regional Health provides 67 acute hospital beds and a comprehensive range of services including emergency, medical, surgical, maternity, paediatric, urology, orthopaedic, ophthalmology and dental, alongside chemotherapy and haemodialysis services. Echuca Regional Health also provides an aged care service, Glanville Village, which accommodates 68 high care and five low care residential beds. Figure 14-3 Football ground located in Echuca Regional Health is a significant employer in Victoria Park the region and therefore a key generator of cross river traffic. The Echuca Lawn Tennis Club is separately managed under a Crown land lease. The club has 350 Echuca Cemetery members as well as social players. At present, the club makes regular use of its 17 tennis courts to Echuca Cemetery is located on Warren Street, with support local competitions. access via Homan Street. In the eastern section of Victoria Park there are well- In 2011, the Echuca Cemetery Trust reported that developed facilities for fire brigade training and around 220 to 250 people visited the cemetery each competitions, which are used by the Moama Country week, with around 100 people typically visiting each Fire Association and Echuca Urban Fire Brigade. This Saturday and Sunday. This number increases to 200 includes two training tracks, with the longer track to 300, or even up to 500, on special occasions such featuring a subsurface water recycling and pumping as Mother’s Day or Anzac Day. system. To the north-west of the formal recreation area is a large bushland reserve, bounded by the Murray River to the north and the Campaspe River to the west and south. Scenic Drive is the main walking/cycling track through this bushland area. It runs roughly parallel to the two rivers and provides a pleasant outlook over the rivers and the surrounding bushland.

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The bushland component of Victoria Park provides Cycling paths opportunities for a variety of informal recreational pursuits including exercising, dog walking, mountain There are a number of on-road and off-road cycling biking and bird watching. Facilities within Victoria paths in Echuca and Moama. Within the Shire of Park include a boat ramp and car park, a toilet Campaspe, one cycling path runs through Victoria block, picnic tables, barbeques and vehicular and Park and makes use of Scenic Drive (see Figure 14- informal walking tracks as well as access to various 6). beaches along the Murray River for swimming and fishing. Other recreational facilities One of the most well used locations in Victoria Park Both Moama and Echuca have indoor sporting is the boat ramp and car park, immediately to the complexes including indoor basketball courts. north of the caravan park. On the water side of this Echuca has an indoor swimming pool which can be car park is a grassed area, with picnic tables and a used year round, whereas the outdoor swimming toilet block. pool in Moama has a limited opening season. The two bowls clubs, in Echuca at Ogilvie Avenue and Moama at Shaw Street, are both popular facilities that attract significant vehicle traffic. Other recreational facilities shared between the two towns include horse racing and harness racing tracks, a public golf course and skate-park and the private Rich River Golf Resort.

Figure 14-4 Picnic tables near the boat ramp car park

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Figure 14-5 Community resources in Echuca and Moama

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COMMUNITY HEALTH ID Name ID Name 1 Echuca Library 1 Echuca Regional Health (Echuca Hospital) 2 Echuca Workers and Services Club 2 Nish St Medical Practice 3 Echuca Senior Citizens Centre 3 Rich River Health Group 4 Moama RSL & Citizens 4 Martin St Medical Centre, Moama 5 Allen Court Retirement Village Moama 5 Echuca Ambulance Station 6 Community Living and Respite Services Inc. Echuca 6 Njernda Aboriginal Health Clinic 7 Echuca Community for the Aged PLACES OF SPECIAL INTEREST 8 Glanville Village Echuca ID Name 9 Echuca Police Station 1 Murray River 10 Moama Police Station 2 Campaspe River 11 Echuca Fire Station 3 Port of Echuca 12 Moama Rural Fire Brigade 4 Echuca Cemetery 13 Catholic Presbytery 5 Echuca Historical Society Museum 14 Anglican Church of Australia 6 Warren St Residential Area 15 Churches of Christ 7 Crofton St Residential Area 16 Echuca Community Church 8 Echuca Railway Station 17 Epicentre Church RECREATIONAL 18 St Marys ID Name 19 St James Anglican Church 1 Victoria Park Recreation Area, Echuca 20 Riverland Assembly of God 2 Victoria Park Boat Ramp 21 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints 3 Victoria Park Scenic Drive 22 Jehovah's Witnesses 4 Moama Recreation Reserve 23 Salvation Army 5 Echuca Wildlife Reserve 24 Seventh Day Adventists 6 Apex Park 25 St Andrew's Uniting Church 7 City of Echuca Bowls Club 26 Paramount Theatre 8 Echuca Racing Club 27 Tourist & Info Centre 9 Echuca Harness Racing Club 28 Civic Centre 10 Echuca War Memorial Aquatic Centre 29 Echuca Council Offices 11 The YMCA Back 9 Golf Course 30 Echuca Magistrates Court 12 Moama Outdoor Swimming Pool 31 Jacana Green Retirement Village 13 Rich River Golf Club (including Rich River Bowls Club) 32 Southern Cross Care 14 Moama Bowls Club COMMERCIAL 15 Echuca Lawn Tennis Club ID Name 16 Echuca Holiday Park 1 Hare St (CBD) Echuca Retail area 17 Yarraby Holiday Park 2 High St Echuca Retail Area 18 Murray River Holiday Park 3 Meninya St Moama Retail Area 19 Moama Riverside Holiday and Tourist Park EDUCATIONAL 20 A Shady River Holiday Park ID Name 21 Merool on the Murray 1 Echuca East Preschool 22 Horseshoe Lagoon 2 Echuca Central Kindergarten 23 Moama Skate Park 3 Echuca South Community Preschool 24 Kerra bee Soundhsell 4 ABC Learning Centre Moama 25 Hockey Field 5 Berrimba Childcare Echuca 26 Banyula Forest 6 Goodstart Early Learning Centre 27 Victoria Park Reserve 7 Campaspe Community Children's Centre 28 Walking/Cycling Track 8 Echuca College (Echuca High School) 29 Rotary Park 9 St. Josephs College Echuca COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES 10 Moama Anglican Grammar School ID Name 11 Moama Public School 1 Echuca Moama Farmers Market 12 Echuca Specialist School 2 Riverboats Music Festival 13 Echuca East Primary School 3 Winter Blues Festival 14 Echuca Primary School 4 Echuca Cup Carnival 15 Echuca West Primary School

16 Campaspe College of Adult Education 17 River City Christian College 18 Moama & District Preschool 19 BRIT Echuca (TAFE)

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14.5.6 Major events The finish line for the race is located adjacent to the boat ramp car park. The car park is also the main Southern 80 Ski Race viewing area for the race. Event organisers charge for entry to the boat ramp car park during the race The Southern 80 Ski Race is a water ski race that and this is one of the main sources of income takes place on the Murray River between supporting the event. Torrumbarry and Echuca on the second Sunday in February each year. 2015 will be the 50th Easter Tennis Tournament anniversary of the event. The race attracts over 500 entries from all over Australia, New Zealand, Great The Echuca Lawn Tennis Club hosts an annual Easter Britain and the USA and approximately 50,000 Tennis Tournament which runs for four days and people visit Echuca-Moama to take part, support attracts approximately 800 entrants from all over competitors, or to watch the event. Victoria and NSW. The event has been running for 84 years and is well known on the tennis calendar.

Figure 14-6 Echuca cycling paths (edited image, Echuca Moama Tourism 2015)

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14.6 Reactions to the Project Project delays This section provides an overview of how different Stakeholders consulted in 2011 and 2012 reported groups in the community (social receptors) have that delays in the identification of a preferred reacted to the Project. Reactions at the community alignment for a second river crossing and a lack of level are outlined first, followed by the reaction of information about the timeline for implementation of particular groups likely to be affected by the Project. the Project were resulting in negative impacts for the Echuca community. For example: The benefits of a second river crossing  Major social impacts were being felt by residents through indecision on this issue Five hundred people in the locality of Echuca and a further 200 people in other areas of the Shire of  Funding and upgrades to sports facilities were Campaspe were surveyed by telephone in 2009 and being stalled until a decision was made, which asked to comment on a second river crossing with was affecting club operation an alignment that was very similar to the preferred alignment. The general consensus of these residents  The former Echuca Secondary College site at was overall support for a second river crossing. Victoria Park would not be released until a decision was made. The top reasons for this support were: These comments were echoed by both the Shire of  The existing bridge can’t cope with traffic flow Campaspe and Murray Shire during interviews conducted in 2014 as part of this Social Impact  To meet increased population and traffic needs Assessment.  The current bridge needs to be repaired The Shire of Campaspe indicated that master  For emergency services/disruption when existing planning work in Victoria Park was currently on hold bridge is closed until a final decision on the Project was made.  To better connect Echuca and Moama. Although not an impact of the Project as such, a lack of certainty and project delays can have significant Similarly, a 2011 Social Impact Assessment (URS, consequences for local communities. 2011) reported that the large majority of residents surveyed and most stakeholder organisations surveyed recognised the need for a second river Attitudes to property acquisition crossing. The Project requires only limited acquisition of Consistent with the above, consultation in 2012 private land and does not directly affect any (AECOM, 2012) revealed support for a second river residential dwellings (refer section 14.7.2). As a crossing among a wide range of community result, concerns expressed by private land holders stakeholders, including residents, business focussed on amenity impacts, rather than property operators, community services providers and local acquisition. schools. Reactions of key groups It was consistently reported that a second river crossing would deliver better access between Echuca Residents and Moama and address the reliance on one bridge, which is problematic. This is particularly true during Both the 2011 and 2012 Social Impact Assessments busy periods including the Easter break or if there is identified concerns among residents living in close an incident on the bridge (such as a traffic accident), proximity to the preferred alignment about the which requires it to be closed. potential consequences of the Project for their residential amenity. Community service providers and local schools indicated their service catchments crossed the river Concerns about potential noise and visual impacts and that congestion on the existing bridge resulted were expressed, in particular by residents in the in delays and frustration. Educational institutions, in Warren Street and Crofton Street areas. In 2011 particular, were reported as serving students from there were also concerns that the Project may both Echuca and Moama, and other regional areas. isolate the Warren Street residential area from the Consequently, these facilities are a driver of cross- rest of Echuca. river travel by walking, cycling, public transport usage and private car. Follow-up consultation with residents located in close proximity to the preferred alignment was not The Shire of Campaspe reported that removal of undertaken as part of this Social Impact traffic from the Echuca CBD and Port of Echuca area Assessment, as the reactions of residents living in would have the additional benefit of making this these areas were well documented in previous area more useable for pedestrians. assessments. VicRoads contacted residents via post to update them on Project progress and to invite Recent consultation undertaken to support this consultation if desired by the resident. Social Impact Assessment confirms the findings of previous assessments.

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Echuca Holiday Park The club also expressed concerns about the potential impact of the Project on the amenity of the existing Concerns about potential increased noise and courts for players. The court facilities are currently changes to the visual amenity of the Echuca Holiday situated within a bushland setting that offers a high Park were expressed in 2011 and 2012 by level of amenity. This could be degraded by traffic permanent and semi-permanent residents of the noise and the visual impact of a new road. park. Notwithstanding, the club reported that while some In 2014, a brief meeting was undertaken with the members hold negative views about potential park managers and representatives of Shire of amenity impacts, lowered amenity would be unlikely Campaspe. Consistent with previous consultation, to affect membership levels. concerns were expressed about potential changes to the acoustic and visual amenity of the park. Echuca Football Netball Club Concerns were raised in the context of annual site Echuca Football Netball Club was consulted in 2011, holders, who have a strong attachment to the park, 2012 and again in 2014 as part of this assessment. and also for the remaining permanent residents. The club has more than 450 members. Concerns were also raised about the future The club reported that it did not have any concerns attractiveness of the park to tourists and the about the Project. The main issue for the club is to potential commercial consequences for the ensure that access to the ground is maintained, and managers and the Shire of Campaspe, if visitation it is believed this would be achieved if the Project numbers reduced. proceeded. The club did not report any concerns about changes to visual or acoustic amenity. Echuca Cemetery Echuca Cricket Club Funeral corteges typically travel from High Street into Warren Street and then turn right into Homan Echuca Cricket Club was consulted in 2009. Street. It is also common for corteges to come from Attempts were made to contact the club again in Moama. The average size of a funeral cortege is 2014. approximately 50 cars. The Cemetery Trust reported In 2009, the club advised that its existing facilities it would be important to ensure that Warren Street would not be directly impacted by a proposed could continue to be used safely by cemetery second river crossing. However, as part of the visitors, including those participating in corteges. process to develop the draft Victoria Park Master Some concerns were also expressed about the Plan, the club was looking at developing new impact of additional traffic noise for visitors to the practice nets on land that would be affected by the cemetery. Project. Therefore, as a result of the Project, the club would need to reconsider where the new Users of Victoria Park practice nets were located. Residents and stakeholders consulted in 2011 and It is assumed the location of new practice nets

2012 raised concerns about the potential impact of would still be an issue for the club. the Project on the amenity and character of Victoria Park. Sections of Victoria Park to the west of the existing sporting facilities, in particular, were valued for their natural and tranquil ambience. Concerns about potential loss of vegetation and access to natural/passive open space area were also expressed.

Echuca Lawn Tennis Club Echuca Lawn Tennis Club was consulted in 2011, 2012 and again in 2014 as part of this assessment. The club’s primary concern is the potential loss of six tennis courts. Echuca Lawn Tennis Club reports that if courts were lost or taken out of use for an extended period of time this could potentially result in loss of membership. Moreover, if the annual Easter Tennis Tournament could not be run, there would be a significant financial impact for the club. It is the club’s expectation that if the Project is approved, replacement courts would be developed

prior to decommissioning existing affected courts.

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Southern 80 Ski Race 14.7.1 Potential benefits and opportunities Representatives of the Southern 80 Ski Race were consulted in 2011 and 2012 and again in 2014 as Road users part of this assessment. During operation, the Project would provide a They indicated that structures located in the river second river crossing point in case of emergency. would have the potential to make the river This is considered to be an extremely positive social unsuitable for the race. However, it was their benefit for local residents and visitors. understanding that the bridge design would be such that supporting piers would be located toward the The Project would alleviate congestion on the bank of the river and not interfere with the race. existing bridge and re-direct traffic from the Echuca and Moama town centres (refer to Chapter 8). The Representatives also indicated that, assuming the predicted improvement to safety and amenity at bridge design did not interfere with the race, their these locations would be a moderately positive social major concern would be to ensure the construction benefit to the local community and visitors. The process did not interfere with the running of the reduction in travel time would also be positive for event. In particular, they do not want construction the local community and visitors. to limit access to the car park or interfere with the ability to enclose the boat ramp car park and charge In addition, the preferred alignment would entry fees. incorporate a shared off-road walking and cycling path connecting to existing pedestrian and cycling It is important the race be run on the second networks in both Echuca and Moama. This would Sunday in February as it is part of an annual enable pedestrians and cyclists to travel the length schedule of events that are programmed more than of the new road and would reduce the travel a year in advance. Changes to the date of the race distance for pedestrians and cyclists wishing to cross would be very difficult to manage from a scheduling the Murray River to access Victoria Park and the point of view. Many people book accommodation in Moama Sports Precinct. The improved connectivity Echuca well in advance and local sporting fixtures could encourage school children and recreational are scheduled so that sporting teams using facilities cyclists to use the pedestrian and cycling network. in Victoria Park have an away game on the weekend The shared pathway would provide a moderately of the race. positive benefit to the local community and visitors.

Bridge Arts Project (NSW) Private land holders The preferred alignment would traverse a large private land holding located on the Moama side of Bridge Arts Project (NSW) the Murray River. There is currently no residential There is currently no residential dwelling on this dwelling on the land and much of it is flood prone parcel of land and much of the landholding is flood and not suitable for residential uses. prone and not suitable for residential uses. The The owner of this land has developed a concept to current use of the land would not be affected by the develop the land as a public arts precinct which ties Project. in with the proposed Project and surrounds. It is the In response to the Project, the landowner has hope of the owner that the proposed bridge would developed a concept for a public arts precinct, which be designed to incorporate elements that enhance is reliant on the proposed bridge. The owner hopes the status of the Bridge Arts Project, which would the proposed bridge could be designed to celebrate both the Indigenous and non-Indigenous incorporate elements that enhance the status of the heritage of the local area. Bridge Arts Project. 14.7 Impact assessment The Project has the potential to enhance and accelerate the development of a public arts precinct The Social Impact Assessment addressed the on the land. While such a precinct could be potential social impacts of the construction and developed even if the Project employed a standard operation of the Project. Impacts are described bridge design, design elements consistent with the below for road users, private landholders, users of overall vision for the arts precinct could contribute to Crown land and community resources. Potential the success of the Bridge Arts Project. benefits and opportunities were also considered. Benefits, opportunities and impacts are described Crown land using the significance scale defined in Table 14-1. The social benefits, opportunities and impacts of the Southern 80 Ski Race Project would not vary substantially between the The clearance under the new bridge would be initial alignment and ultimate duplication. Any sufficient to allow for the Southern 80 Ski Race to impacts associated with land acquisition and continue. severance would apply to construction of the initial alignment only, as this is when the proposed Right- Additionally, there is the possibility of using the of-Way would be established. Changes to local bridge structure to mount temporary GPS timing amenity associated with the upgrade to the ultimate equipment for the race. As such, it is considered the duplication would be minor. Project would have a minor positive benefit on the Southern 80 Ski Race.

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14.7.2 Potential impacts Acquisition Establishment of the proposed Right-of-Way would Potential impacts during construction require partial acquisition of one residential property in Victoria. However, the dwelling on this property Community resources would not be directly impacted, and the acquisition It is anticipated the Project would result in would not severely diminish the useability of the approximately 135 full time workers temporarily property as a place of residence. relocating to Echuca-Moama from outside the region The Project would also require the acquisition of land (refer to Chapter 19). These people would make use from 14 other privately owned properties in Victoria of existing community facilities and services in (refer to Chapter 13 for further detail). Echuca-Moama. Three of these properties are located to the south of The temporary increase in population would be small Warren Street and would have only a narrow strip of in the context of the capacity of existing facilities land acquired from the northern edge of their and services in Echuca-Moama. Given that Echuca- properties. There are no structures on these Moama is a well-established service centre, the properties. The remaining 11 private properties additional demand for facilities/services generated affected by acquisition in Victoria are located to the by this temporary influx of workers is anticipated to north of the roundabout that is proposed to be have negligible social impact. constructed near the intersection of Warren Street Echuca-Moama’s population would be accustomed to and Payne Street. One of these properties houses a the presence of visitors in both towns and would be number of sheds. The loss of this infrastructure may unlikely to view a small number of workers living in have implications for the existing landowner. Echuca-Moama for a short period of time as Therefore, the social impact of the acquisition of negative. In some cases the incoming workers may private property is considered to be negligible. participate in community activities, such as sports, arts and cultural activities, and in doing so could Renting enrich social and cultural life in both towns. If construction workers moving to the region were to Road users occupy private rental properties it would place further pressure on an already tight housing market There may be some changes to access during the (refer to rental housing discussion in section 14.5.4 construction period (refer to Chapter 8 for detail), and Chapter 19). There is the possibility that which could potentially lead to inconvenience for additional demand for rental properties could result motorists. However, these changes would likely be in rent increases. This would be particularly difficult for short periods and would have a negligible social for local residents on lower incomes. impact. Encouraging discussion between the contractor(s), the Campaspe Shire Council and Murray Shire Private land holders Council regarding suitable options for the accommodation of temporary workers in Echuca- Access Moama during construction of the Project could Changes to access during construction are outlined potentially reduce the impact on renters. Overall, it in Chapter 6. These changes would likely be for is anticipated the Project would have a moderately short periods and have only limited consequences. negative social impact on the local rental population. As such, it is expected that there would be negligible social impact as a result of access changes during Crown land construction of the Project. Echuca Holiday Park Amenity The Project would not result in any land acquisition Construction works associated with the Project within the Echuca Holiday Park and access to the would be carefully managed so that amenity impacts park is unlikely to be affected. (such as noise and dust) are minimised. However, However, during construction there is the potential construction noise in particular has the potential to for increased noise levels (refer to Chapter 18) and result in lowered residential amenity (refer Chapter reduced visual amenity. It is therefore expected that 18). construction of the Project would have a minor Therefore, the Project is expected to have a minor negative impact on the Echuca Holiday Park. negative social impact on private land holders during construction. Echuca Cemetery The Project would not require the acquisition of any cemetery land. There would be negligible social impacts due to the Project during construction.

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Victoria Park It is noted that as a result of the Project, the club would need to reconsider where the proposed new Victoria Park’s bushland area and Scenic Drive are practice nets are located. used frequently by the local community and visitors to Echuca-Moama. Interruptions to use have the CFA facilities potential to cause negative impacts. CFA representatives advised VicRoads in discussions During construction, there would be temporary held between 2009-12 that construction of the increases in noise levels (refer to Chapter 18) and Project would not directly impact on facilities used changes to the visual amenity. This is expected to for fire brigade training and competitions within result in a minor negative social impact during the Victoria Park. Access to these facilities would be construction period, as the local community and maintained during construction. some visitors may find the park less appealing. It is therefore considered there would be negligible The toilet facilities near the boat ramp would be social impact on the CFA and their training facilities reinstated following construction (if these are due to construction of the Project. required to be removed). Southern 80 Ski Race Echuca Lawn Tennis Club The Project’s construction would need to be The proposed Right-of-Way intersects with six of the managed effectively to ensure this event could run 17 tennis courts. Loss of these courts would be a on the second Sunday in February and that access significant impact to the community and to the to the boat ramp car park was provided during the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club, and would affect the event. VicRoads would develop the construction organisation of local competitions and the annual program in consultation with the Southern 80 Ski Easter Tennis Tournament. Race organisers. With these measures in place, it is However, VicRoads has committed to finding an expected there would be a negligible social impact appropriate location within Victorian Park to on the Southern 80 Ski Race. reinstate the six tennis courts, prior to decommissioning the existing courts. Therefore, it is Rivers and river navigation expected there would only be a minor negative Some vegetation within Victoria Park and along the social impact to the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club during banks of the Campaspe and Murray rivers may need construction. to be removed as part of the Project. The quantity of native vegetation proposed to be removed and the Echuca Football Netball Club biodiversity impacts associated with this removal are The Project would not directly affect the activities of discussed separately in Chapter 9 and in the this club though acquisition or severance. Biodiversity and Habitat Impact Assessment in EES Technical Appendix C. The visual impact of the It is expected the visual and acoustic amenity at the removal of vegetation is discussed in Chapter 15 and Echuca Football Netball Club would be impacted by in Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment in EES construction of the Project. Technical Appendix I. However, club representatives reported that There would be temporary closures of the boat ramp participation in, and the enjoyment of, football and during construction and the movement of netball is not highly dependent on the existing recreational water craft and paddle-steamers may (quiet) acoustic environment or the bushland setting be temporarily affected. of Victoria Park. It is therefore considered that there would be a In addition, the arrangement of the playing surfaces minor negative social impact during construction. and club buildings, including pavilions and changing rooms, is such that the proposed Right-of-Way Potential impacts during operation would be located behind these structures. This would provide a natural acoustic barrier between the road Private land holders and the playing surfaces/viewing areas. It is therefore expected that social impacts to the Access Echuca Football Netball Club during construction A small number of residents would be affected by would be negligible. changes in access to their properties as a result of the Project (refer to Chapter 8 for more detail). It is Echuca Cricket Club considered that these changes would result in Amenity impacts for cricket players and spectators negligible social impact, as they would be of a minor during construction of the Project would be nature and would only affect a small number of negligible; as they would likely be similar to those individuals. that would be experienced by Echuca Football Netball Club players and spectators (both clubs use the same playing field and clubhouse facilities).

14-19

As mentioned in section 14.6, residents living in In addition, there is a small number (six) of areas to the north of Warren Street have expressed permanent residents living within the Echuca Holiday concerns that the Project would isolate their Park, some of whom have lived there for 10 or more residential area from the rest of Echuca. This part of years. The changes to visual and acoustic amenity Echuca is already somewhat separate from the main are likely to result in a minor negative impact for part of the town and has a relatively rural character, permanent residents. It is noted that permanent due to larger blocks and unsealed roads. The tenancies are being phased out over time. proposed road is at-grade in this section and direct access to Warren Street would be retained. As a Echuca Cemetery result, it is not expected that there would be a material change from the existing conditions. During operation, there is some potential for increased traffic along Warren Street to conflict with funeral corteges, which travel along Warren Street Amenity and may consist of 50 or more slow-moving The implementation of management measures is vehicles. expected to reduce noise levels during operation so However, an extended dedicated right-turn lane for that they comply with VicRoads Traffic Noise traffic turning into Homan Street has been Reduction Policy (refer to Chapter 18). However, an incorporated into the design to allow for funeral increase in noise levels is still predicted at locations corteges to use Warren Street without interrupting close to the preferred alignment, including near the flow of regular traffic. This would be expected to residential properties in Warren Street, Crofton provide safer access. Street and Henry Street. The Project design ensures that existing cemetery Residents in these locations would also experience uses could continue unaffected and there would be some changes to their visual amenity as a result of negligible social impact as a result of the Project. the Project (refer to Chapter 15).

It is likely that at least some of the affected Victoria Park residents in these locations would view the changes in noise level and visual amenity due to the Project During operation, the Project would not substantially as undesirable. It is considered that these changes interrupt access to Victoria Park for passive would result in a minor negative social impact. recreation, as:  The total land area that would be occupied by Crown land the proposed Right-of-Way is relatively small when compared with the total bushland Echuca Holiday Park component of Victoria Park During operation, there would be views of the bridge  The land traversed by the proposed Right-of- from within the Echuca Holiday Park, particularly to Way would be adjacent to existing active the western end (refer to Chapter 15), and traffic recreational uses, leaving the remaining noise would be audible (refer to Chapter 18). bushland area in one large, continuous parcel However, acoustic amenity during the operational  The location of the proposed Right-of-Way phase of the Project would be within parameters set avoids placement of road infrastructure within by the VicRoads Traffic Noise Reduction Policy and the more scenic and tranquil sections of Victoria noise attenuation would ensure compliance with this Park and assists in preserving the natural policy is achieved. character of these areas It is considered likely that the changed environment  Access to key facilities, including the boat ramp within the Echuca Holiday Park would still meet the and car park, Scenic Drive and less formal needs of short-term visitors to Echuca-Moama. If pathways would be maintained. not, there would be a negligible social impact, as these visitors would still be able to holiday at an Facilities within Victoria Park include a boat ramp alternative location. and car park, a toilet block, picnic tables, barbeques and vehicular and informal walking tracks as well as However, some visitors have been staying at the access to various beaches along the Murray River for Echuca Holiday Park for many years (up to 30) swimming and fishing. and/or hold an annual permit which has enabled them to construct mobile cabins (which they own). Sections of the bushland area would be more than These long-term visitors may seek an alternative 500m from the proposed Right-of-Way, including the holiday site as a result of the changed amenity majority of Scenic Drive. Road infrastructure would within the park. In this case, annual site holders not be visible from large sections of Scenic Drive would need to relocate their cabins. As a result, it is and traffic noise would diminish across the considered there could be minor negative social intervening distance. impact for long-term visitors.

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However, visitors to the park would still experience Echuca Cricket Club some changes to their visual amenity as a result of the Project (refer Chapter 15), as well as increased Amenity impacts for cricket players and spectators noise levels due to traffic (refer to Chapter 18). during operation would be negligible; as they would These changes would potentially result in a likely be similar to those that would be experienced substantial change to the character of the park, by Echuca Football Netball Club players and which could lower its appeal to the lower community spectators (both clubs use the same playing field and to some visitors. It is considered that the visual and clubhouse facilities). and noise impacts would be more pronounced at the car park and picnic area, and would result in a CFA facilities moderately negative social impact. It is considered CFA representatives advised VicRoads that the that there would be a minor negative social impact Project would not directly impact on facilities used on the bushland areas and Scenic Drive. for fire brigade training and competitions within Victoria Park. Access to these facilities would be Echuca Lawn Tennis Club maintained during operation. Access to Echuca Lawn Tennis Club’s facilities, It is therefore considered there would be negligible including its tennis courts, would not be affected social impact on the CFA and their training facilities during operation. However, players’ and spectators’ during operation. amenity would be affected. Traffic noise would be audible (refer to Chapter 18) and road infrastructure Southern 80 Ski Race would be visible (refer to Chapter 15). The proposed bridge over the Murray River would While these changes to amenity would not prevent not impede the Southern 80 Ski Race during tennis matches being held, the pleasant bushland operation, as the design would allow for movement backdrop of the courts enhances the enjoyment of of vehicles under the bridge. tennis for members and visitors. In addition, changes to amenity may affect the way that the During operation, it is expected the Project would clubhouse facility is used. For example, social provide a minor positive benefit to the Southern 80 gatherings after matches may be less likely to occur Ski Race. The Project would allow for more efficient out on the deck, where traffic noise would be movement of spectators across the Murray River and audible. would offer a different viewing point for the race. Additionally, there is a possibility of using the bridge As the predicted changes to visual amenity and structure to mount temporary GPS timing increased noise levels would be undesirable for some equipment. members and visitors, the social impact of the Project on the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club during Rivers and river navigation operation is considered to be moderately negative. The proposed bridge over the Murray River would Echuca Football Netball Club allow for movement of recreational water craft and paddle-steamers under the bridge. Events such as It is expected that the visual and acoustic amenity the Southern 80 Ski Race would not be impeded. at the Echuca Football Netball Club would be Clearance under the Murray River Bridge would allow impacted by the Project to an extent. paddle steamers to continue to operate up to the However, club representatives reported that highest river height permitted by NSW Roads and participation in, and the enjoyment of, football and Maritime Services. netball is not highly dependent on the existing It is therefore considered that the social impacts of (quiet) acoustic environment or the bushland setting the Project during operation on the rivers and river of Victoria Park. navigation would be negligible. In addition, the arrangement of the playing surfaces and club buildings, including pavilions and changing rooms, is such that the proposed Right-of-Way would be located behind these structures. This would provide a natural acoustic barrier between the road and the playing surfaces/viewing areas. It is therefore considered that the social impact to the Echuca Football Netball Club during operation would be negligible.

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14.8 Environmental management measures VicRoads has a standard set of environmental • Encouraging discussion between the protection measures which are typically incorporated contractor(s), the Campaspe Shire Council into its construction contracts for road works and and Murray Shire Council regarding suitable bridge works. These measures have been used as options for the accommodation of workers the starting point for the assessment of who would be temporarily living in Echuca- construction-related risks and are listed in Chapter Moama during construction of the Project 20 and described in detail in EES Technical Appendix • The assessment of compensation where O – Section 177 Environmental Management. In appropriate under the provisions of the Land some instances, additional Project-specific Acquisition and Compensation Act 1986 environmental management measures have been (Vic.). recommended by specialists to reduce risks relating to construction and operation. Following the implementation of these management measures, it is considered that social impacts would The assessment of social impacts considered the be reduced to an acceptable level. implementation of:

 The Project-specific environmental management measures recommended in other specialist assessments and outlined in Chapter 20  Project commitments outlined in Chapter 6, including those relating to: • Design measures that maintain or improve access, such as: – The dedicated right-turn lane for traffic turning into Homan Street to access the Echuca Cemetery – The clearance under the new bridge, which would allow paddle steamers to continue to operate up to the highest river height permitted by NSW Roads and Maritime Services – Arrangements to minimise disruption to vehicle, cyclist and pedestrian access during construction. • Relocation of the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club’s six tennis courts to a location within Victoria Park to be agreed with Campaspe Shire Council and the tennis club, prior to the existing courts being decommissioned for construction of the Project • Scheduling construction activity to minimise impacts on existing users of the Echuca Holiday Park • In consultation with river-based businesses, minimising the number, extent and duration of river closures during construction of the proposed bridge. This would include providing sufficient and safe access for all river users (especially paddle steamers) during construction • Suspension of construction works in the vicinity of the Southern 80 Ski Race over the two-week period required for event set-up, event staging and decommissioning of the site • Reinstatement of toilet facilities near the boat ramp in consultation with Campaspe Shire Council

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14.9 Conclusion Overall the Project would provide a number of important positive social impacts for the townships of Echuca and Moama and the surrounding region. The Project would provide a second crossing of the Murray and Campaspe rivers between Echuca and Moama for motorists, pedestrian and cyclists. This would relieve traffic congestion on the existing bridge and in the town centres of Echuca and Moama. It would also improve pedestrian and cyclist connectivity to key destinations including Victoria Park. The Project would significantly reduce the risks for local and regional communities that are associated with disrupted access across the river, such as during traffic incidents on the existing bridge. Given the interdependence of the communities of Echuca and Moama, including the reliance of residents on essential services located only in Echuca and/or Moama, the additional security provided by the Project is highly valued. The Project would provide 24 hour border crossing opportunities for oversized commercial its which are currently restricted to designated off-peak crossing times on the existing bridge. The new bridge over the Murray River also has the potential to become a structure of note within the region, which could potentially contribute to the success of the proposed Bridge Arts Project. Potential social impacts associated with construction activities, such as to the Southern 80 Ski Race, would be mitigated by Project design elements, VicRoads’ standard environmental protection measures, and VicRoads’ Project commitments as described above. However, the final operation of the Project would have a moderately negative impact on visitors to Victoria Park and a minor negative impact on members of the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club who would experience varying degrees of change to their existing visual amenity as well as increased noise levels due to traffic. Predicted changes to visual amenity and increased noise levels could also have a minor negative impact on a small number of permanent residents of Echuca Holiday Park and long-term annual permit holders who may seek an alternative holiday destination site as a result of the changed amenity within the park. There would be no material difference between the ultimate duplication and the initial alignment in terms of social impacts, since the land acquisition and severance associated with the Project would occur when the proposed Right-of-Way was established. Changes to local amenity, associated with the upgrade of the ultimate duplication, would be minor.

15-1 15 Landscape and visual amenity

areas of Victoria Park. The purpose of the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (Spiire, 2015) was to In contrast, one the Project’s major benefits determine the landscape and visual effects of would be its contribution to the area’s bicycle the Project on the study area. and walking networks through the provision of This assessment was informed by the existing on-road bicycle lanes in both directions and an conditions of the study area. Within Victoria, off-road shared path following the length of the study area was assessed as having six the preferred alignment. main landscape character types. Landscape In summary, after 10 years of operation, the character types which contained a higher Project would meet the landscape planning number of positive attributes across a larger sub-objectives moderately well. area were assessed as being relatively more significant than those containing fewer The application of VicRoads’ standard attributes across smaller areas. The Murray environmental protection measures and River, river floodplains and Victoria Park’s additional Project-specific management active recreation areas were assessed as measures would not mitigate the impacts of being the most significant landscape character the Project entirely, but would reduce these types. impacts to a moderate level. The relative significance of the Project’s impacts and benefits was then assessed both 15.1 EES objectives without management measures in place, and after a period of 10 years of operation The objective of the Landscape and Visual Impact following implementation of management Assessment for the Project, as specified in the EES measures (i.e. in the year 2029). Scoping Requirements Draft Evaluation Objectives, is “To minimise adverse landscape and visual Overall, the introduction of a new twin bridge amenity effects on values of the area, including the structure across the Murray River would have Murray and Campaspe rivers and floodplains.” a very high impact on its scenic, recreational, cultural and natural heritage values. This chapter is based on the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment completed by Spiire (2015), The highest impacts would be during which is included in Technical Appendix I. It is a construction, although given the close summary of that assessment and includes a proximity of the bridge to house boat discussion of the following key issues and moorings and its visibility to passing paddle- requirements, as specified in the EES Scoping steamers, the impacts would continue through Requirements for the Project. the operational phase. However, if the bridge clear span over the Key issues Murray River was designed to be an elegant structure that contributed to the landscape,  Potential for effects on the significant landscape these impacts would be reduced to a values of the Murray and Campaspe River moderate to high level. corridors and Victoria Park. Within Victoria Park, the introduction of road  Potential significant visual impacts for nearby and bridge infrastructure was assessed as sensitive receptors. resulting in a moderate to high impact on the visual amenity and key views of the river Priorities for characterising the existing floodplains. However, the new road and bridge environment would provide motorists and shared path  users with a new elevated view of the Characterise the landscape character, features floodplains. and values of the project site area, their significance and sensitivity to change. Similarly, the Project would have a high impact on the recreational values of Victoria  Identify nearby sensitive receptors and Park through the removal of open space and significant public and private view sheds to and vegetation, the severance of walking paths from the Project. and access roads, and the introduction of highly visible road and bridge infrastructure. Design and mitigation measures Lighting and noise would also be associated  Identify potential and proposed design options with the construction and operation of the and measures to mitigate adverse effects on road. visual amenity and the landscape values of the These impacts could only be partially river environs. mitigated by reinstating shared path and access road connections and planting vegetation between the road and affected

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Assessment of likely effects • Identification of key landscape character types and assessment of scenic quality,  Identify and assess the likely effects of the landscape and visual significance and Project on identified visual amenity and sensitivity to change. landscape values.  Assessment of the impacts of the ultimate Approach to manage performance duplication of the Project against the ‘No Project’ scenario:  Identify any further measures that are proposed to either manage risks to landscape or enhance • Determination of landscape and visual effects visual amenity outcomes for sensitive receptors • Identification of VicRoads’ standard in the vicinity of the Project that are to be environmental protection measures and included in the EES, including as part of the EMF Project-specific environmental management and resulting residual effects. measures to mitigate each of the landscape The Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment and visual effects focussed on the preferred alignment. The term ‘the • Assessment of the significance of landscape Project’ is used in this chapter to refer to the and visual effects due to the Project, with preferred alignment only. and without management measures • Assessment of the Project against landscape 15.2 Study area planning sub-objectives The study area for the Landscape and Visual Impact • Preparation of photomontages illustrating the Assessment extended beyond the proposed Right-of- difference between existing views, proposed Way to include and consider all areas potentially views without management measures and impacted by the Project in Echuca and Moama. This proposed views 10 years after the includes areas of landscape value and any areas or implementation of management measures vantage points with views towards the Project. Figure 15-1 shows the study area. • Preparation of cross-sections to illustrate the difference between existing conditions, This chapter focuses on the potential effects of the proposed conditions without management construction and operation of the Project within measures and proposed conditions 10 years Victoria, in accordance with the purpose of the EES. after the implementation of management The potential effects of the construction and measures. operation of the Project within NSW are discussed in the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment in EES The Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment was Technical Appendix I. not based on an environmental risk framework, as the assessment of landscape and visual impact 15.3 Methodology focuses on predicted change rather than the risk of environmental harm, and interpretation of impacts is In order to understand the potential effects of the more qualitative and therefore more difficult to Project on the landscape and visual values of the measure. study area, the following tasks were undertaken:  Review of relevant Commonwealth and State legislation, and local government policy and regulatory documents  Development of landscape planning sub- objectives, having regard to the Draft Evaluation Objectives in the Scoping Requirements, VicRoads’ Project Objectives and legislative requirements  Investigation of the existing conditions: • Review of background information, including previous reports • Review of maps for the area and the proposed design drawings • Site inspection and taking photographs for the photomontages • Identification of key viewpoints and the visual envelope • Identification and analysis of vegetation, elevation and slope

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Figure 15-1 Study area

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15.4 Legislation and policy The relevant legislation and policies for landscape and visual impact assessment are outlined in Table 15-1. Table 15-1 Relevant legislation and policies for landscape and visual amenity

Legislation/policy Description

Commonwealth

Environment Protection and The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Act provides that certain matters – in particular Biodiversity Conservation actions that are likely to have a significant impact on a Matter of National Environmental Act 1999 (Cwlth.) Significance (MNES) – are subject to a rigorous assessment and approval process. The Act is relevant at a high level as it provides a legal framework to protect and manage nationally and internationally important flora, fauna, ecological communities and heritage places.

State

Planning and Environment The Planning and Environment Act establishes a framework for planning the use, development Act 1987 (Vic.) and protection of land in Victoria in the present and long-term interest of all Victorians. The Planning and Environment Act sets out the legislative basis to ensure that standard planning provisions are prepared and approved throughout Victoria. The Planning and Environment Act sets out procedures for preparing and amending the Victoria Planning Provisions and planning schemes, obtaining permits under planning schemes, settling disputes, enforcing compliance with planning schemes, and other administrative procedures. The Act provides for a single instrument of planning control in a particular area, the planning scheme, which sets out the way land may be used or developed. The planning scheme is a legal document, prepared and approved under the Planning and Environment Act. The relevant planning scheme for the study area is the Campaspe Planning Scheme. Section 4 of the Act sets out the objectives of planning in Victoria and the objectives of the planning framework established by the Act. The objectives of most relevance to the landscape and visual impact assessment are:  1(c) to secure a pleasant, efficient and safe working, living and recreational environment for all Victorians and visitors to Victoria  2 (c) to enable land use and development planning and policy to be easily integrated with environmental, social, economic, conservation and resource management policies at State regional and municipal levels  2(d) to ensure that the effects on the environment are considered and provide for explicit consideration of social and economic effects when decisions are made about the use and development of land  2(e) to facilitate development which achieves the objectives of planning in Victoria and planning objectives set up in planning schemes.

Transport Integration Act The Transport Integration Act requires transport agencies and other areas of government to 2010 (Vic.) have regard to broader social, economic and environmental considerations – a clear triple bottom line framework – when making decisions about the transport system. Section 11.4 Integration of Transport and Land Use states that “…The transport system should improve the amenity of communities and minimise impacts of the transport system on adjacent land uses”.

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Legislation/policy Description

Local

Campaspe Planning Scheme A planning scheme sets out objectives, policies and provisions relating to the use, development, protection and conservation of land in the area to which it applies. The applicable planning scheme within the Victorian proportion of the study area is the Campaspe Planning Scheme. A set of standard provisions called the Victoria Planning Provisions forms a template for all planning schemes. Included in the Victoria Planning Provisions is the State Planning Policy Framework (SPPF), which covers strategic issues of State importance. Clause 12.04.2 Landscapes is relevant to the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment. The objective of this clause is “To protect landscapes and significant open spaces that contribute to character, identity and sustainable environments.” Relevant strategies to achieve this objective include:  Improve the landscape qualities, open space linkages and environmental performance in green wedges and conservation areas and non-urban areas.  Recognise the natural landscape for its aesthetic value as a fully functioning system.  Ensure natural key features are protected and enhanced. Also included in the planning scheme is the Local Planning Policy Framework (LPPF) which sets a local and regional strategic policy context for the municipality. The objectives, policies and implementation strategies of the Municipal Strategic Statement are set out in Clause 21.04 of the Campaspe Planning Scheme. The key elements of Clause 21.04 of relevance to this Project are:  Clause 21.04-1 Settlement – the following liveability objectives are relevant to the Project: • To create accessible, attractive and connected neighbourhoods and open spaces. • To improve connectivity and access in and around the Shire. Strategies to achieve these objectives include: • Improve urban environments by developing open space networks to encourage community well-being and better health of residents. • Promote mobility and physical activity by enhancing the amenity, connectivity and liveability of the built environment • Improve the access, mobility and safety of users for the Shire’s paths, trails and bikeways.  Clause 21.04-2 Environment: • The following heritage objective is relevant to the Project: “To protect and enhance heritage places including buildings, trees and structures of natural or cultural significance for present and future generations in the Shire of Campaspe.” Strategies to achieve this objective include “Ensure the protection, maintenance and enhancement of heritage places and features.” • The following Murray River corridor objective is relevant to the Project: “To protect the environs of the Murray River for nature conservation, flooding, economic development, recreation and tourism.” Strategies to achieve this objective include: – Protect and enhance the biodiversity, ecological and cultural values of the waterway. – Prevent the loss of riparian flora and fauna, biodiversity, habitat and wetland environments. These objectives, policies and strategies are implemented through the zone provisions. The purpose statements of the relevant zones and overlays also provide some policy guidance. The majority of land within the study area boundary is within either the Public Conservation and Resource Zone (PCRZ) or the Public Park and Recreation Zone (PPRZ). The primary purpose of the PCRZ is “To protect and conserve the natural environment and natural processes for their historic, scientific, landscape, habitat or cultural values.” Both the Campaspe and Murray rivers lie within this zone. The primary purpose of the PPRZ is to recognise areas for public recreation and open space and to protect and conserve areas of significance where appropriate. Victoria Park and a large area of public open space adjacent to the Campaspe and Murray rivers are located in this zone. The most significant overlay within the study area from a landscape perspective is the Environmental Significance Overlay – Schedule 1 (ESO1). The statement of environmental significance says that: “The remaining native riverine forests, woodlands and wetlands that adjoin the waterway of the Murray River are critically important for the maintenance of water quality, biodiversity, wildlife habitat and scenic beauty. It is the visual and landscape qualities of this environment that are the basis for the demand for tourist and recreation development as well as the expansion of rural, residential and urban areas.”

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15.5 Landscape planning sub- 15.6.1 Landscape context objectives This section identifies significant contributors to the landscape character of the study area, including Based on the review of legislation and policy in vegetation, slope, and elevation. Other contributors section 15.4, the Draft Evaluation Objectives in the to landscape character that are discussed in other Scoping Requirements and VicRoads’ Project chapters of this EES include heritage (Chapters 11 Objectives, there are three key and interrelated and 12), land use (Chapter 13), recreational themes which recur across state boundaries and at facilities (Chapter 14), hydrology (Chapter 16) and the Commonwealth, state and local levels: geology (Chapter 17).  Public access to recreational open space Overview  Visual amenity The section of the Murray River within the study  Sense of place. area separates the townships of Echuca and Moama Of importance is the protection and provision of safe and forms part of a unique local recreational, access to areas of recreational value and the design landscape and viewing experience. The river corridor of integrated transport solutions to increase is characterised by flat to gently undulating opportunities for cycling and walking. topography with open views north-west and south- east along the meandering river corridor. Generally, Linked to this is the theme of ‘visual amenity’. This views are framed by riparian vegetation includes the need for pleasant, visually pleasing (indigenous/native trees and shrubs) and steep to environments and the protection of scenic amenity sloping sandy embankments. The topography, and values. The protection and enhancement of vegetation densities and recreational areas provide a landmarks, views and vistas are important. variety of framed and/or open views from distant, This is further linked to the theme of ‘sense of middle distance and close locations. The vegetation place.’ Respect for cultural identity and character structure, height, form and level of management is through the protection of heritage and natural valuable in its contribution to landscape character values are important. (local and regional) and contribution to sense of place. The following sub-objectives were therefore adopted for the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment: Water levels in the Murray River vary from season to season, and year to year, influencing the nature and  Protect the scenic amenity, cultural and natural composition of views. Seasonally, views of the area heritage and recreational values of the Murray may vary from high water levels (including localised River intermittent flooding events within the river  Protect the visual amenity and key views of the floodplains) with shallow embankments, to low river floodplains water levels exposing steep river embankments and significant areas of mud and aquatic vegetation.  Protect the recreational amenity of Victoria Park Adjacent to the study area are significant tracts of  Protect the scenic amenity, natural heritage and recreational land. This land is associated with leisure recreational values of the Campaspe River facilities including informal open space, formal  Enhance existing networks that provide cycling recreational facilities, water sports, jetties for river and walking accessibility and connectivity. craft, cycling and walking routes, picnic facilities, and well-managed naturalistic and formal native and exotic planting. The scenic amenity of this land, 15.6 Existing conditions which is influenced by the vegetation structure, Echuca and Moama are located at the junction of the forms part of the recreational experience. This Campaspe and Murray Rivers in the Northern District recreational land forms an important leisure facility Plains subtype of the Landscape Character Type and open space resource for the local community. It identified as the Murray Basin Plains (Leonard and is recognised as a key resource and is valued within Hammond, 1984). the Campaspe Planning Scheme due to its attractive features, distinctiveness and recreational function. The Murray Basin Plains are flat alluvial plains, with scattered open River Red Gum forest along rivers, Vegetation with extensive agricultural clearings throughout. The Murray River is the main drainage line and is a Within the Victorian section of the study area there significant landscape feature of this character type. are four main native vegetation types. Each of these The land use pattern is mostly agricultural crops and is described below. grazing land with some scattered forest and Classification of the study area by these vegetation settlements throughout. types is based on the contribution of the vegetation to landscape character only. A separate Biodiversity and Habitat Impact Assessment for the Project is included in EES Technical Appendix C and summarised in Chapter 9.

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Black Box dominated woodland Slope analysis Black Box dominated woodland is found on the The majority of the study area contains shallow Victorian side of the Murray River. It is typically to slopes (between 0 and 5 per cent). Slight slopes 15m tall and has a diverse shrubby and grassy (between 5-20 per cent) coincide with levee bank understorey. Its character species include Black Box locations and the sand hill formations such as those (Eucalyptus largiflorens), River Coobah (Acacia at the Echuca Cemetery and adjacent to the former stenophylla) and several species of saltbush. It is Echuca Secondary College. Medium slopes (between typical of the vegetation within Victoria Park. This 20-60 per cent) are only found along the banks of vegetation type is also dominant along both sides of the Campaspe and Murray rivers. Warren Street and west and north of its intersection The slope analysis highlights the flat alluvial land with the Murray Valley Highway. form of the study area and identifies that the main Murray Pines dominated woodland areas of natural topographic relief are associated with the Campaspe River and Murray River This vegetation type is distinguished by the waterforms. dominance of non-Eucalypt trees such as Murray Pines (Callitris gracilis ssp. murrayensis). A distinct Elevation analysis and isolated occurrence exists on the sand hill west of the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club. The entire study area is between 85 and 102m above sea level. The majority of land within the Exotic vegetation also exists intermittently study area is between 90 and 94m above sea level. throughout the study area largely as scattered weeds amongst native vegetation areas or as The lower lying areas (84-90m above sea level) plantings, in and around Victoria Park and within coincide with the Campaspe and Murray rivers. residential and commercial properties. The most The higher elevated areas (94-100m above sea significant groupings of exotic trees within or in level) are found on the south west side of the close proximity to the study area are located within Murray Valley Highway, the Echuca Cemetery, the the former Echuca Secondary College site and in sand hill adjacent to the former Echuca Secondary Victoria Park, immediately to the north-east of the College and the area between the Campaspe and oval. Palms, Gums, Silky Oaks, Olive and Carob Murray rivers. trees can be found amongst the plantings at these locations. Mature exotic trees such as Cypress and The elevation analysis identifies that there is very Casuarinas can be found at the Echuca Cemetery. little topographic relief across the study area and again reinforces that the main topographic features River Red Gum dominated forest are the waterforms of the Campaspe and Murray rivers. River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) is typically up to 25m tall with a ground layer 15.6.2 Views and visual envelope dominated by graminoids (grasses, sedges and rushes). This vegetation type is located on the The views and tree cover plan in Figure 15-2 Victorian side of the Murray River, adjacent to the identifies the major existing views within, towards or Campaspe River at the eastern end of Warren Street from the study area that have the potential to be and between the Campaspe River and Campaspe affected by the Project. The identification of these Esplanade. views has been informed by site investigations.

River Red Gum dominated woodland There are no significant vantage points within or adjacent to the study area. As the study area is This vegetation type is typically up to 20m tall with a relatively flat and heavily treed, the characteristics ground layer dominated by graminoids and saltbush of the major views identified in Figure 15-2 are very shrub species. It is found on the northern side of the similar. Views are either short or to the middle Campaspe River and in the area between Campaspe distance and are always towards trees and Esplanade and Warren Street. vegetation. The visual envelope plan in Figure 15-3 further illustrates the effect that tree cover and built form have on views to or from the study area. The shaded zone is the approximate area which can be seen from the study area boundary from a viewing height of 1.6m to a destination height of 1.6m. The density of tree cover and vegetation density varies in the areas directly adjacent to the study area. Site investigations have determined the distance at which an object can be viewed through the vegetation before it is fully screened is in the order of 150m.

Vegetation on the banks of the Campaspe River

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Individuals vary in their perception of the value of  Views from Campaspe Esplanade and publicly views, and in their sensitivity to the visual accessible areas adjacent to the Campaspe River environment. Generally, this is dependent upon an towards the trees and vegetation along individual’s interest in their visual environment and Campaspe Esplanade their viewing opportunity and duration.  Views along Warren Street towards the roadside In Victoria, views that are considered of high trees and the trees and vegetation beyond the importance are: road reserve.

 Views from the Victoria Park boat ramp and picnic area towards the activity on the Murray River and the trees and vegetated banks on the opposite side of the river  Views from the houseboats towards the trees and vegetated banks of the Murray River  Views from the paddle-steamers towards the trees and vegetated banks of the Murray River.

The boat ramp on the Murray River in Victoria Park

Views considered to be of medium importance are:  Views from the Echuca Lawn Tennis Club and Victoria Park oval towards the trees and vegetation adjacent to the tennis courts  Views from the Echuca Holiday Park towards the adjacent trees and vegetation  Views within Victoria Park to the trees and vegetation in Victoria Park  Views from Scenic Drive to the trees and vegetation of Victoria Park and to the waterforms of the Campaspe and Murray rivers  Views from Echuca Cemetery. Views considered to be of low relative importance are:  Views from Warren Street residential properties towards the roadside trees and vegetation beyond the road reserve  Views from residential properties located along the Campaspe River towards the trees and the vegetation of the river  Views along Crofton Street towards the trees and vegetation along the Campaspe River at the western end of Crofton Street

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Figure 15-2 Views and tree cover plan

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Figure 15-3 Visual envelope plan

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15.6.3 Existing landscape character

Landscape character types A landscape character type is an area of land with Overall, the character and views of the study area common visual characteristics and is defined are of an attractive, semi-natural and/or natural following an assessment of landform, waterform, landscape with distinctive vegetation elements that vegetation and land use or built form pattern. contribute to high degrees of amenity and tranquillity. The study area has been assessed as having six landscape character types within Victoria. Each of these types is described in Table 15-2 and shown in

Figure 15-4.

Table 15-2 Existing landscape character types

Landscape character type Description

Warren Street The Warren Street landscape character type includes a pocket of low density residential land use and the Echuca Cemetery north of Warren Street. The area is bound by Nolan Street, Campaspe Esplanade and Payne Street. The landscape character of this area is defined by the presence of built forms on land slightly elevated above the surrounding flood plains. A distinctive landscape feature found within the landscape character type is the Echuca Cemetery.

Crofton Street The Crofton Street landscape character type is bound by Crofton Street, the east bank of the Campaspe River and the Murray River. The landscape character of this area is defined by the layout of the streets and the low density of residential properties, including properties within local heritage overlays. There are also a number of mature exotic trees throughout this precinct both within gardens and along the streets, which give some of the streets in this area a sense of grandeur. A distinctive landscape feature found within the area is the building complex of St Joseph’s Catholic College.

Victoria Park active recreation The Victoria Park active recreation landscape character type covers the area which includes the former Echuca Secondary College, Echuca Lawn Tennis Club, Victoria Park oval and Echuca Holiday Park. The landscape character of this area is defined by the infrastructure and built form which exists to accommodate active recreation pursuits such as sports fields, pavilions, caravan park accommodation, access tracks and car parking. Mature native and exotic trees exist as individual specimens or random groupings throughout the area and help to visually distinguish the active recreation character type from the remainder of Victoria Park which is more heavily vegetated.

River floodplain The River floodplain landscape character type extends adjacent to the Murray Valley Highway along Warren Street and north to the Murray River incorporating the majority of Victoria Park. The presence of numerous public trails throughout the park allows this area to be experienced by walkers and joggers. The density of trees and understorey vegetation varies from relatively dense areas within Victoria Park to quite open areas south of Warren Street. Distinctive landscape features within the character type include the native vegetation within Victoria Park, the Campaspe River and the sand hill adjacent to the site of the former Echuca Secondary College.

Murray River The Murray River landscape character type exists along the Murray River and is defined by the waterform and riverine vegetation along the riverbanks and the associated tourist facilities and infrastructure such as the houseboats and paddle-steamers. A distinctive landscape feature of this area is the Port of Echuca.

Murray Valley Highway The Murray Valley Highway landscape character type occurs in the area directly surrounding the Murray Valley Highway intersection with Warren Street. The landscape character of this area is defined by the presence of the road and the expanse of bitumen slightly elevated above the surrounding floodplain. Some adjoining residential development backs onto this area but is quite some distance from the road. The road reserve is very wide with some scattered native trees and a grassed understorey.

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Figure 15-4 Landscape character plan

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Scenic quality assessment A scenic quality assessment of each of the existing landscape character types was undertaken to establish a qualitative basis for the impact assessment. The publication Landscape Character Types of Victoria (Leonard and Hammond, 1984) provides both the descriptive criteria (or ‘frames of reference’) for the Murray Basin Plains, Northern District Plains subtype, and a means to assess relative scenic quality.

Table 15-3 Scenic quality assessment classification

Description High scenic quality Moderate scenic quality Low scenic quality

Landforms  Isolated peaks or ranges  Rounded hills, ridges,  Vast expanses of indistinctly with distinctive form or lunettes or peaks which are dissected landforms that colour contrast that become not visually dominant. provide little illusion of focal points. spatial definition or  Naturally established stream landmarks with which to  Rock outcrops or jumbles of associated dissections. large boulders. orient.  Well defined steep-sided drainages.

Vegetation  Trees with some diversity of  Trees, with little diversity.  Extensive areas of similar species, height & density. Moderate contrasts with vegetation. Few, if any, High form, line, colour & surrounding landscape. remnant trees. texture contrasts with  Very limited variation in surrounding landscape. colour & texture.

Waterforms  Permanent streams, lakes,  Intermittent streams, lakes,  Waterforms absent. reservoirs & swamps. rivers, swamps & reservoirs.

The assumptions are that scenic quality increases  Greater degrees of vegetative diversity and with: landscape variety.  Greater degrees of uniqueness in rock The outcome of this assessment is summarised in outcropping, water, vegetation and other natural Table 15-4. The assessment criteria are provided in features the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment in EES Technical Appendix I.  Greater degrees of naturalness and lesser degrees of disturbance or modification  Greater degrees of relative topographic relief and ruggedness

Table 15-4 Scenic quality classification of the landscape character types

Landscape character type Landform Vegetation Waterform Classification

Warren Street Low Low Low Low

Crofton Street Low Low Low Low

Victoria Park active recreation Low Low Low Low

River floodplain Moderate High High High

Murray River High High High High

Murray Valley Highway Low Low Low Low

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A typical view of the high scenic quality of the River floodplain landscape character type

Landscape and visual significance assessment Landscape and visual significance can be defined as The assessment of landscape and visual significance the contribution made by the landscape character was informed by existing conditions of the study types to the local and broader community through area and input from the local community. The the provision of the following attributes: landscape character types which contained a higher number of positive landscape and visual values  Accessibility and connectivity across a larger area were assessed as being  Provision of facilities (such as passive and active relatively more significant than those containing recreation resources) fewer values across smaller areas.  Contribution to a ‘sense of place’ The landscape and visual values of the landscape character types and their significance is summarised  Intangible qualities (such as wildness, in Table 15-5. tranquillity, privacy or quiet).

Table 15-5 Landscape and visual values and significance of the landscape character types

Landscape Landscape and visual values Significance character types

Warren Street Some informal connectivity is provided within the residential streets to the north of Moderate Warren Street. The presence of heritage features and structures within the Echuca Cemetery contribute to a ‘sense of place’ on the entry into Echuca from the Murray Valley Highway.

Crofton Street As this character type is divided into residential streets there are numerous pedestrian Moderate and bicycle routes. The existence of several properties of heritage value throughout this area contributes to Echuca’s historical ‘sense of place’.

Victoria Park active There is a degree of accessibility and connectivity throughout this character type given High recreation the number of pedestrian and bicycle routes throughout the open space reserve. There are numerous recreational facilities such as the parkland, oval, tennis courts and caravan park. The parkland area of this character type contributes to improved urban amenity and a ‘sense of place’ through the provision of heritage features, mature trees and grassed areas.

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Landscape Landscape and visual values Significance character types

River floodplain There is a high degree of accessibility and connectivity through a significant area of this High character type such as within the publicly accessible areas and throughout Victoria Park. Victoria Park also provides opportunities for walking and running. The existence of substantial areas of remnant floodplain vegetation throughout this character type results in a significant contribution to a ‘sense of place’ for both Echuca and Moama. Both the accessible and inaccessible areas of this character type provide users and viewers with an improved urban amenity through the provision of wild spaces.

Murray River There is a high degree of accessibility and connectivity provided along the river and the High Echuca riverbank. There are numerous recreation resources within this character type such as the river, Port of Echuca, boat ramp, houseboats and paddle-steamers. The waterform, Port of Echuca, trees and vegetation provide a significant contribution to the ‘sense of place’ associated with Echuca and Moama. Much of the area within this character type provides a sense of wildness and improved urban amenity.

Murray Valley Some informal connectivity is provided within the Murray Valley Highway road reserve. Low Highway

Sensitivity to change assessment 15.7 Impact assessment The landscape character types with the highest The purpose of the Landscape and Visual Impact scenic quality and landscape and visual significance Assessment was to determine the landscape and are more sensitive to change than those areas with visual effects of the Project within the study area a low scenic quality or landscape and visual against the landscape planning sub-objectives significance. identified above in section 15.5 and assessed in For example, the Murray River and River floodplain 15.7.2 landscape character types are well established and Landscape effects are defined as the effects the mature landscapes containing diverse elements Project has on landscape character. Visual effects which are highly valued and in true to type are defined as the effects the Project has on existing condition. These landscapes will be more sensitive to views. The effects may be negative (an impact) or change than the landscape of the Murray Valley positive (a benefit). Highway intersection, which contains newer and more uniform elements of lower value. The relative significance of these impacts and benefits was then assessed both without The scenic quality classification of the landscape management measures in place, and with character types in Table 15-4 and the assessment of management measures having been implemented landscape and visual values of the landscape after a period of 10 years of operation (that is, in character types in Table 15-5 combine to give a the year 2029). sensitivity to change rating in Table 15-6. 15.7.1 Determination of significance Table 15-6 Sensitivity to change assessment The significance of landscape and visual effects can be determined by two principal criteria: Landscape Landscape Scenic Sensitivity to character and visual  The size or magnitude of the effect quality change type significance  The sensitivity of the existing landscape to Warren Street Low Moderate Low-Moderate change (as discussed in Table 15-5).

Crofton Street Low Moderate Low-Moderate Landscape effects Victoria Park Low High Moderate The magnitude of a landscape effect is determined active by the extent or size of change to the existing recreation landscape character. River floodplain High High High A landscape effect occurring across a large area in a landscape highly sensitive to change will be more Murray River High High High significant than an effect occurring in an isolated Murray Valley Low Low Low area to a landscape of low sensitivity. Highway

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Visual effects Significance rating Description The magnitude of a visual effect is determined by considering the extent of area over which the Moderate An impact/benefit occurring across a change would be visible, the proportion of the medium sized area in a landscape existing view occupied by the effect, the duration of moderately sensitive to change. the view (whether permanent or temporary), the distance to the viewpoint and the degree of contrast Low- An impact/ benefit occurring across a Moderate medium sized area in a landscape not between the existing view and the proposed view. sensitive to change. Or, an impact/ benefit A visual effect is more significant if it is dominant, occurring across a small area in a permanent, highly visible, in close proximity to the landscape moderately sensitive to change. viewer, and there is a high degree of contrast Low An impact/ benefit occurring across a small between the existing view and the proposed view. area in a landscape not sensitive to This is particularly true if the view is highly sensitive change. to change. A visual effect is less significant if it is minor, temporary, barely visible, at a great distance Negligible No impact/benefit. to the viewer, and there is minimal contrast between the existing and proposed view. This is particularly Table 15-8 rates the significance of the landscape true if the view is not sensitive to change. and visual effects (benefits and impacts) of the Project during construction and operation: The rating scale used to describe the significance of landscape and visual effects in the context of this  Without management measures Project is set out in Table 15-7 below.  Following the implementation of VicRoads Table 15-7 Significance rating scale – standard environmental protection measures and landscape and visual effects Project-specific management measures. Generally, management measures can be more Significance rating Description effective in reducing the significance of visual impacts and less effective in reducing the High An impact/benefit occurring across a significance of landscape impacts. This is because it large area in a landscape highly sensitive is typically easier to screen views than to replace the to change. landscape values that may be disturbed or removed by the Project. Moderate- An impact/benefit occurring across a large High area in a landscape moderately sensitive to change. Or, an impact/benefit occurring across a medium sized area in a landscape highly sensitive to change.

Table 15-8 Significance of landscape and visual effects of the Project

Landscape Landscape and visual effects Project Significance Management Significance planning phase (pre- measures (10 years (benefits and impacts) sub- mitigation) post- objective mitigation)

Protect the Visual benefits scenic amenity, Provision of second Murray River Operation Moderate- Provide views out Moderate-high cultural and crossing provides motorists and shared high benefit beyond the sides of benefit natural path users with scenic views of the the bridge where heritage and river, associated floodplain vegetation possible recreational and tourism facilities. values of the Murray River Landscape impacts

Construction of 30m wide twin road Construction Moderate- Maintain access to Moderate-high bridges over Murray River at Victoria high impact boat ramp and picnic impact Park boat ramp including removal of up area if possible to 45m width of floodplain vegetation both sides of the river for the bridge structures resulting in reduced access to the boat ramp and associated picnic area, a change to the recreation and tourism values of the river.

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Landscape Landscape and visual effects Project Significance Management Significance planning phase (pre- measures (10 years (benefits and impacts) sub- mitigation) post- objective mitigation)

Introduction of 30m wide twin road Operation Moderate- Minimise vegetation Moderate-high bridges over Murray River (between high impact removal and replant impact new road Chainage (Ch) 11,180 and indigenous floodplain Ch 11,840) at Victoria Park boat ramp vegetation where (up to 15.5m above top of river banks) possible between the and removal of up to 45m width of proposed bridge and floodplain vegetation both sides of the Right-of-Way to river for the bridge structures resulting screen the bridge in a change to the recreation and structure from tourism values of the River and at the adjacent areas boat ramp and picnic area.

Visual impacts

Construction of 30m wide twin road Construction High impact None applicable High impact bridges over Murray River (between new road Ch 11,180 and Ch 11,840) at Victoria Park boat ramp including removal of up to 45m width of floodplain vegetation both sides of the river for the bridge structures resulting in a change to the scenic quality and visual character of the Murray River and a change to existing views from paddle-steamers, houseboats, the boat ramp and picnic area.

Introduction of 30m wide twin road Operation High impact Design the bridge to Moderate-high bridges over Murray River (between be a simple and impact new road Ch 11,180 and Ch 11,840) at elegant structure Victoria Park boat ramp (up to 15.5m which will make a above top of river banks, plus 2m high positive visual noise barrier on the approach to the contribution to the Murray River at Ch 10,830-11,345) environment. and removal of up to 45m width of Minimise vegetation floodplain vegetation both sides of the removal and replant river for the bridge structures resulting indigenous floodplain in a change to the scenic quality and vegetation where visual character of the Murray River possible between the and a change to existing views from proposed bridge and paddle-steamers, houseboats, the boat Right-of-Way to ramp and picnic area. screen the bridge structure from adjacent river bank areas

Protect the Visual benefits visual amenity and Provision of the new road through the Operation Moderate None applicable Moderate key views of vegetated Victoria Park and private benefit benefit the river properties in Echuca and Moama floodplains provides motorists and shared path users with scenic views of the floodplains and associated vegetation.

Visual impacts

On Warren Street between Ch 150 and Construction Low- Minimise vegetation Low impact Homan Street Ch 1,000 removal of and moderate removal and replant some existing trees within road reserve operation impact indigenous floodplain on north side and the majority on the vegetation where south side to accommodate road, possible within the resulting in a change to the scenic road reserve quality and visual character of the river floodplains and a change to views from Warren Street.

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Landscape Landscape and visual effects Project Significance Management Significance planning phase (pre- measures (10 years (benefits and impacts) sub- mitigation) post- objective mitigation)

On Warren Street between Homan Construction Low- Minimise vegetation Low impact Street (Ch 1,000) and Campaspe and moderate removal and replant Esplanade (Ch 1,800) removal of some operation impact indigenous floodplain existing trees within road reserve on vegetation where north side and majority on south side possible within the to accommodate road, resulting in a road reserve change to the scenic quality and visual character of the river floodplains and a change to views from residential properties and users of Warren Street.

Introduction of new road infrastructure Construction Low- Minimise vegetation Low impact through Echuca private property and and moderate removal and replant across Campaspe Esplanade (between operation impact indigenous floodplain Ch 10,000 – 10,200) up to 5.7m above vegetation where existing ground level and removal of possible within the up to 75m width of floodplain road reserve vegetation resulting in change to the scenic quality and visual character of the river floodplains and a change to existing views from Campaspe Esplanade.

Introduction of new road infrastructure Construction Moderate- Minimise vegetation Moderate and bridge over the Murray River and high impact removal and replant impact through Victoria Park (between Ch operation indigenous floodplain 10,500 to the Murray River's edge) up vegetation where to 15.5m above existing ground level, possible within the plus 2m high noise barrier to eastern road reserve. Ensure side of road (from Ch 10,700-11,400) noise attenuation and removal of up to 85m width of design and materials floodplain vegetation resulting in a are congruous with change to the scenic quality and visual the existing character of the river floodplains and a surrounding change to existing views from Victoria environment Park, Scenic Drive, Victoria Park oval, tennis and netball courts and Echuca Holiday Park.

Protect the Landscape impacts recreational values of Severance of the boat ramp access Construction Low impact Reinstate access Negligible Victoria Park road adjacent to the Echuca Holiday and road impact Park. operation

Removal of six tennis courts from a Construction Moderate Replace tennis courts Low impact total of 17 from the Echuca Lawn and impact adjacent to Tennis Club. operation remaining courts where possible

Introduction of new road infrastructure Construction High impact Minimise width of Moderate and bridge over the Murray River and batters and road impact through Victoria Park (between Ch operation reserve. Minimise 10,490 to the river's edge) up to vegetation removal 15.5m above existing ground level, and replant plus 2m high noise barrier to eastern indigenous floodplain side of road (from Ch 10,770) and vegetation where removal of up to 85m width of possible within the floodplain vegetation and open space road reserve. Provide reserve and severance of existing pedestrian walking trails within the reserve connections across resulting in a change to the recreation the road and public open space resources of infrastructure where Victoria Park. possible

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Landscape Landscape and visual effects Project Significance Management Significance planning phase (pre- measures (10 years (benefits and impacts) sub- mitigation) post- objective mitigation)

Visual impacts

Introduction of new road infrastructure Construction Moderate- Minimise vegetation Moderate and bridge over the Murray River and high impact removal and replant impact through Victoria Park (between Ch operation indigenous floodplain 10,490 to the river's edge) up to vegetation where 15.5m above existing ground level, possible within the plus 2m high noise barrier to eastern road reserve. Ensure side of road (from Ch 10,800-10,770) noise attenuation and removal of up to 85m width of design and materials floodplain vegetation resulting in a are congruous with change to the scenic quality of Victoria the existing Park. surrounding environment

Protect the Landscape impacts scenic amenity, Introduction of new road bridge Construction Moderate- Maintain temporary Moderate natural through Echuca private property and and high impact access to Campaspe impact heritage and across Campaspe River (between Ch operation Esplanade during recreational 10,200-10,500) up to 5.9m above construction. values of the existing ground level and removal of Minimise vegetation Campaspe up to 45m width of floodplain removal and replant River vegetation and realignment of access indigenous floodplain to Campaspe Esplanade resulting in a vegetation where change to the recreational and sense of possible between the place values of the Campaspe River. proposed bridge and Right-of-Way to screen the bridge structure from adjacent areas

Visual impacts

Introduction of new road bridge Construction Moderate Design the bridge to Low-moderate through Echuca private property and and impact be a simple and impact across Campaspe River (between Ch operation elegant structure 10,200-10,500) up to 5.9m above which will make a existing ground level and removal of positive visual up to 45m width of floodplain contribution to the vegetation for the bridge structures environment. resulting in change to the scenic Minimise vegetation quality and visual character of the removal and replant Campaspe River and a change to indigenous floodplain existing views from residential vegetation where properties on Campaspe River, from possible between the Crofton Street and Scenic Drive. proposed bridge and Right-of-Way to screen the bridge structure from adjacent areas

Enhance Landscape benefits existing networks Provision of on-road bicycle lanes and Operation Moderate Provide safe Moderate-high that provide off-road shared path from Murray benefit connections across benefit cycling and Valley Highway intersection then along and to intersecting walking Warren Street to Campaspe Esplanade roads. Replant trees accessibility providing connectivity along road within the road and reserve. reserve to provide connectivity shade and shelter

Provision of bicycle lanes and off road Operation Moderate Provide safe Moderate-high shared path adjacent to new road and benefit connections across benefit beneath Campaspe River bridge and to intersecting structure providing connectivity roads. Replant trees between Campaspe Esplanade, Warren within the road Street and Campaspe River. reserve to provide shade and shelter

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Landscape Landscape and visual effects Project Significance Management Significance planning phase (pre- measures (10 years (benefits and impacts) sub- mitigation) post- objective mitigation)

Provision of bicycle lanes and off-road Operation Moderate None applicable Moderate shared path on Campaspe River bridge benefit benefit structure (between Ch 10,200 – 10,560) providing connectivity along the new road.

Provision of bicycle lanes and off-road Operation Low- Provide connections Moderate-high shared path (between Ch 10,200- moderate to existing trails benefit 11,180) providing connectivity along benefit within Victoria Park the new road. north and south of the new road alignment

Provision of bicycle lanes and off-road Operation Moderate Provide safe Moderate-high shared path on Murray River bridge benefit connections across benefit and on new road (between Ch 11,180- and to intersecting 12,030) and off road shared path roads. Replant trees (between Ch 12,400 and 12,550) within the road providing connectivity along new road. reserve to provide shade and shelter

Landscape impacts

Severance of existing trails within Construction Moderate Where possible Low-moderate Victoria Park (between Ch 1,500 – and impact reinstate connections impact 2,180). operation across new road alignment

15.7.2 Assessment against landscape Protect the scenic amenity, cultural and planning sub-objectives natural heritage and recreational values of the Murray River The Project was assessed against its ability to meet the landscape planning sub-objectives, both with Without any management measures, the Project and without management measures. The degree to would have a moderate to high impact on the scenic which the objectives would be met by the Project is amenity, cultural and natural heritage and reflected by the rating scale set out in Table 15-9. recreational values of the Murray River through the implementation of a twin bridge structure across the Table 15-9 Rating scale for meeting Murray River. landscape planning sub- objectives The highest impacts would be during and at the completion of construction, although the impacts of Rating Description the Project would continue through its operational phase given the close proximity of the bridge to Meets objective The extent and significance of landscape very well and visual impacts is very low house boat moorings and its visibility to touring paddle-steamers. Meets objective The extent and significance of landscape well and visual impacts is low If the new bridge clear span over the Murray River is designed to be an elegant structure it would provide Meets objective The extent and significance of landscape a positive visual contribution to the landscape; moderately and visual impacts is moderate however the impacts would remain at a moderate to well high level. An example of an elegant structure is a cast in-situ bridge with haunched soffit and clean Meets objective The extent and significance of landscape lines. A Super-T structure of the size required to poorly and visual impacts is high cross the Murray River would be bulky and visually Meets objective The extent and significance of landscape aesthetically poor. very poorly and visual impacts is very high

Location and direction of views in Figure 15-5

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Figure 15-5 Existing, proposed (unmitigated) and proposed (mitigated) views of the Project from the boat ramp

Protect the visual amenity and key views of the river floodplains The Project would require the removal of existing trees and vegetation along Warren Street. Within Victoria Park the introduction of road and bridge infrastructure would result in a moderate to high impact on the visual amenity and key views of the river floodplains. However, the introduction of the new road and bridges provides motorists and shared path users with a new elevated view of the floodplains. This would represent a moderate benefit. The adverse impacts of the road and bridge infrastructure could be reduced to a low level by minimising vegetation removal and replanting indigenous vegetation to screen views of the Project. Location and direction of views in Figure 15-6

Figure 15-6 Existing, proposed (unmitigated) and proposed (mitigated) views of the Project from outside the Echuca Holiday Park

Protect the recreational values of Victoria Park The Project would have a high impact on the recreational values of Victoria Park through the introduction of the new road through the park. This would require the removal of open space areas and vegetation, the severance of walking paths and access roads and the introduction of highly visible road and bridge infrastructure. Lighting and noise would also be associated with the construction and operation of the road. These impacts could only be mitigated to some extent by reinstating shared path and access road connections and planting screening vegetation between the road and affected areas of Victoria Location and direction of views in Figure 15-7 Park. This would reduce the impacts to a moderate level.

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Figure 15-7 Existing, proposed (unmitigated) and proposed (mitigated) view of the Project from Victoria Park netball court

Protect the scenic amenity, natural heritage and recreational values of the Campaspe River The Project would have a moderate to high impact on the scenic amenity, natural heritage and recreational values of the Campaspe River. The new road crosses the river at right angles in only one location and in an area surrounded by existing floodplain vegetation. However, the construction and operation of the new road would require the removal of vegetation as well as altered access to Campaspe Esplanade and the public areas flanking the river. If the new bridge clear span over the Murray River is designed to be an elegant structure that provides a Location and direction of views in Figure 15-8 positive visual contribution to the landscape and

indigenous planting to screen the bridge structure from surrounding viewpoints, these impacts would be reduced to a low to moderate level.

Figure 15-8 Existing, proposed (unmitigated) and proposed (mitigated) views of the Project from Crofton Street

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Enhance existing networks that provide cycling and walking accessibility and connectivity The Project contributes to Echuca and Moama’s bicycle and walking networks through the provision of on-road bicycle lanes in both directions and an off-road shared path following the length of the preferred alignment under the ultimate duplication. It therefore meets this sub-objective well. However, this could be improved by ensuring that connections are made to all existing paths, as well as providing shade and shelter along any off road paths. The landscape benefit of these initiatives is moderate to high.

This assessment of the Project against the landscape planning sub-objectives is summarised in Table 15-10.

Table 15-10 Assessment against landscape planning sub-objectives

Landscape planning sub-objective Without management measures With management measures

Protect the scenic amenity, cultural and Meets objective very poorly Meets objective poorly natural heritage and recreational values of the Murray River

Protect the visual amenity and key views Meets objective moderately well Meets objective well of the river floodplains

Protect the recreational values of Meets objective very poorly Meets objective poorly Victoria Park

Protect the scenic amenity, natural Meets objective moderately well Meets objective well heritage and recreational values of the Campaspe River

Enhance existing networks that provide Meets objective well Meets objective very well cycling and walking accessibility and connectivity

Overall rating Meets objective poorly Meets objective moderately well

15.8 Environmental management measures VicRoads has a standard set of environmental The Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment protection measures which are typically incorporated (Technical Appendix I) considered the into its construction contracts for road works and implementation of: bridge works. These measures have been used as  VicRoads’ standard environmental protection the starting point for the assessment of measures construction-related risks and are listed in Chapter 20 and described in detail in EES Technical Appendix  The Project-specific environmental management O – Section 177 Environmental Management. In measures recommended in other specialist some instances, additional Project-specific assessments and outlined in Chapter 20 environmental management measures have been (including the construction of noise barriers) recommended by specialists to reduce risks relating  to construction and operation. Project commitments outlined in Chapter 6, including those relating to the use of long bridge spans. These spans enable physical connectivity and views along the river banks and therefore minimises the landscape and visual impacts associated with the Project

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 The following additional Project-specific 15.9 Conclusion management measures: Following the implementation of management • Ensure all bridge structures are simple and measures, at 10 years after commencement of elegant structures that make a positive operation, the Project meets the landscape planning visual contribution to the environment sub-objectives moderately well. • Minimise vegetation removal and use screen The application of VicRoads’ standard environmental planting wherever possible between the road protection measures and the additional Project- and bridge infrastructure and surrounding specific management measures listed in section 15.8 Victoria Park uses, Campaspe River environs would not mitigate the impacts of the Project and other key viewpoints entirely, but would contribute to the reduction of • Reinstate connections to existing shared impacts to a moderate level. paths and ensure sufficient shade and shelter Therefore, the Project meets the relevant Draft EES is provided along new shared paths. Evaluation Objective, as it minimises adverse Following the implementation of these management landscape and visual amenity effects on values of measures, the landscape and visual impacts as a the area, including the Murray and Campaspe river result of the Project would be reduced to a moderate floodplains. level. The key landscape and visual impacts of moderate- high and high significance are listed as follows:  The visual and landscape impact of the introduction of twin road bridges over Murray River at Victoria Park boat ramp (up to 15.5m above top of river banks) and removal of up to 45m width of floodplain vegetation both sides of the river for the bridge structure. This would result in a change to the recreation and tourism values of the river and at the boat ramp and picnic area as well as a change to existing views from paddle-steamers, houseboats, the boat ramp and picnic area.  The visual and landscape impact of the introduction of new road infrastructure and bridge over the Murray River through Victoria Park and the removal of up to 85m width of floodplain vegetation. This would result in a change to the scenic quality of Victoria Park and a change to existing views from Victoria Park, Scenic Drive, Victoria Park oval, tennis and netball courts and Echuca Holiday Park.  The landscape impact of the introduction of road infrastructure and a bridge over the Murray River through Victoria Park and removal of up to 85m width of open space reserve and severance of existing walking trails within the reserve. This would result in a change to the recreation and public open space values of Victoria Park.  The landscape impact of the introduction of a new road bridge through private property in Echuca and across the Campaspe River up to a height of 5.9m above existing ground level, removal of up to 45m width of floodplain vegetation and realignment of access to Campaspe Esplanade, resulting in a change to the recreational and sense of place values of the Campaspe River.