DOCSLIB.ORG

Structure Stratigraphy and Contact Relationships in Mesozoic Volcanic and Sedimentary Rocks East of Pemberton Southwestern British Columbia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Structure Stratigraphy and Contact Relationships in Mesozoic Volcanic and Sedimentary Rocks East of Pemberton Southwestern British Columbia University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1992 Structure stratigraphy and contact relationships in Mesozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks east of Pemberton southwestern British Columbia Janet M. Riddell The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Riddell, Janet M., "Structure stratigraphy and contact relationships in Mesozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks east of Pemberton southwestern British Columbia" (1992). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 7499. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7499 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY Copying allowed as provided under provisions of die Fair Use Section of the U.S. COPYRIGHT LAW, 1976. Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be under^en only with the author’s written consent. MontanaUniversity of STRUCTURE, STRATIGRAPHY AND CONTACT RELATIONSHIPS IN MESOZOIC VOLCANIC AND SEDIMENTARY ROCKS, EAST OF PEMBERTON, SOUTHWESTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA by Janet M. Riddell B.Sc., University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 1984 presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science University of Montana 1992 Approved by: Cqairman, Board of Examiners Dean, Graduate ScfeoT ' Date UMI Number: EP38300 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT OtRMTtation Püblishina UMI EP38300 Published by ProQuest LLO (2013). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLO. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code uesf ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Riddell, Janet M., M.S., June 1992 Geology Structure, stratigraphy, and contact relationships in Mesozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks, east of Pemberton, southwestern British Columbia (162 pages) Director: James W. Sears East of Pemberton, British Columbia, Mesozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks crop out in a northwesterly striking body that is almost entirely surrounded by voluminous late Cretaceous to late Tertiary plutons of the Coast Plutonic Complex. On previous maps, the rocks in this body are correlated with the Upper Triassic Cadwallader Group. This paper describes the results of a mapping study of the part of this body that is exposed in the Tenquille Lake, Owl Creek, and Lillooet Lake pendant areas. I spent six months mapping these rocks at 1:25(XX) scale in order to produce more detailed geological maps, to confirm and/or establish valid regional correlations, and to identify important structural features. The north-northwest striking Owl Creek fault bisects the study area. Rocks that correlate with the Cretaceous Gambier Group lie in the footwall; in the hanging wall, rocks that are correctly correlated with the Cadwallader Group are overlain unconformably by a late Mesozoic volcanic and sedimentary sequence, herein called the Cerulean Lake unit. Movement sense on the Owl Creek fault is northeast-side-up with a component of right lateral oblique slip. There are no oceanic rocks or tectonic melange in the exposures of the fault zone, so it appears to be an ordinary fault rather than a tectonic suture. Rocks in the hanging wall have suffered a long complex structural history, and consequently exhibit strong to intense brittle and ductile structural features, both in Cadwallader Group and in Cerulean Lake unit rocks. Gambier Group rocks in the footwall of the fault are far less complex structurally. The Cerulean Lake unit consists of a lower volcanic member and an upper sedimentary member. This unit overlies the Cadwallader Group on an angular unconformity that represents a depositional hiatus of at least 50 million years. Cerulean Lake unit conglomerates and sandstones contain material derived from the Cadwallader Group, from 158 to 160 Ma granitoids, and from the Cerulean Lake unit volcanic member. The Cerulean Lake unit shares some characteristics with the upper parts of the Gambier Group, but as its age is unknown, a positive regional correlation has not yet been established. 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Financial and logistical support for this project was provided by British Columbia Geoscience Research Grants #s 89-24 and 89-38, by the Geological Survey of Canada, and by Teck Exploration. I am very grateful to Murray Joumeay for offering me the opportunity to undertake this project and for his support and direction during the fieldwork. Robin Shropshire, Shelley Higman, Laurie Welsh, David Bilenduke, and Scott Helm helped me in the field during the summers of 1989 and 1990. 1 am especially grateful to Robin; her sense of humour was a great benefit during the very difficult first weeks of the mapping; to David, he aggressively hunted for and found fossils; and to Scott, for his excellent mapping contribution. Jean Pautler of Teck Exploration hired me to work with her in the Tenquille Lake area in 1990; I was able to accomplish far more than I originally planned as a result of this collaboration with Jean. I received help with processing and identification of microfossils from Trish Weaver, Du Yue, and Charles Miller (University of Montana), Peter Krause and Mike Orchard (G.S.C), and Glenn Rouse (University of British Columbia). I want to thank the members of my thesis committee, Jim Sears, Donald Hyndman, and Bill van der Sluys, for their help and advice. I am especially grateful to Jim for constructive criticism and many interesting discussions, and to Don for his excellent editorial advice. Many of my friends and coworkers at the British Columbia Geological Survey Branch were very supportive of this project; most of all Paul Schiarizza, who was very generous with his time and ideas. The office staff and my fellow students at the University of Montana Geology Department pro\ ided a friendly and stimulating working environment. I cannot acknowledge all of them in this space, but these good friends helped me with this project in ways that are immeasurable. 1 could not have undertaken this project without the financial security provided for me by my late grandmother, Allison Riddell, and my parents, Neill and Ann Riddell. Most importantly of all , I want to express my heartfelt thanks to John Gaix cr, Robert Gaba, and Dorothy Payne, for turning me on to geology again, and helping me to find the courage to go back to school. Ill TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ii Acknowledgements iii Table of Contents iv List of Figures vi List o f Plates vii CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 General statem ent 1 1.2 Previous work 3 - 1.2.1 History of the study and nomenclature of the Cadwallader Group 3 - 1.2.2 Previous work on the Gambier Group and the Fire Lake Group 7 - 1.2.3 Previous work in the Tenquille/Lillooet Lake area 7 1.3 Purpose of this study 9 1.4 Method 9 1.5 Location and physiography 10 CHAPTER 2 - ROCK UNITS 11 2.1 The Cadwallader Group 11 - 2.1.1 Introduction 11 -2.1.2 Mafic volcanic rocks 12 -2.1.3 Unbedded tuffs 14 -2.1.4 Bedded tuffs and sedimentary rocks 15 - 2.1.5 Rhyolite flows and tuffs 17 - 2.1.6 Plutonic rocks at the south end of Lillooet Lake 18 -2.1.7 Lithofacies'relationships in the Triassic section 18 -2.1.8 Correlation with the Cadwallader Group 27 2.2 The Gambier Group 29 - 2.2.1 Introduction 29 - 2.2.2 Peninsula Formation 29 - 2.2.3 Brokenback Hill Formation 31 - 2.2.4 “Upper” unnamed unit 32 - 2.2.5 Correlation with the Gambier Group 34 2.3 The Cerulean Lake unit 36 - 2.3.1 Introduction 36 - 2.3.2 Volcanic member 36 - 2.3.3 Sedimentary member 39 2.4 Tertiary volcanic rocks 41 iv CHAPTERS - STRUCTURE 43 3.1 Introduction to Chapter 3 43 3.2 Structural zones in the Tenquille/Lillooet Lake area 44 3.3 The Owl Creek fault zone 44 3.4 Zone 1 49 - 3.4.1 Folding of Gambier Group rocks adjacent to the Owl Creek fault 52 - 3.4.2 The “Warm Lake" fault 52 - 3.4.3 The Gambier Group/Pemberton Diorite Complex intrusive contact 56 3.5 Zone 2 56 - 3.5.1 The contrast in structural style across the Owl Creek fault 56 - 3.5.2 The Bastion Range fault 58 - 3.5.3 Folding in Zone 2 58 3.6 Zone 3 59 -3.6.1 Faults and shear zones in Zone 3 59 - 3.6.2 Folding in Zone 3 Cadwallader Group rocks 62 - 3.6.3 Folding in the Cerulean Lake unit 63 - 3.6.4 The Cadwallader/Cerulean Lake unconformity 64 3.7 Neogene tension cracks - found in all zones 64 3.8 Discussion of structural features 67 CHAPTER 4 - DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 69 4.1 Discussion of the stratigraphy 69 - 4.1.1 Cadwallader Group stratigraphy and island arcs 69 - 4.1.2 Tectonic history of the Cadwallader Group 71 4.1.2.1 The Cadwallader Group and the Cadwallader terrane 71 4.1.2.2 Relationships between the Cadwallader terrane and the 73 Bridge River terrane 4.1.2.3 The Cadwallader and Bridge River terranes and their 74 relationship with the Stikine
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Electoral Area Directors Committee Agenda October 9, 2019; 10:30 AM Pemberton Community Church - Meeting Room 7420 Dogwood Street, Pemberton, BC
    Electoral Area Directors Committee Agenda October 9, 2019; 10:30 AM Pemberton Community Church - Meeting Room 7420 Dogwood Street, Pemberton, BC Item Item of Business and Page Number Page 1. Call to Order We would like to recognize that this meeting is being held on the Traditional Territory of the Líl’wat Nation. 2. Approval of Agenda 3. Electoral Area Directors Committee Closed Meeting THAT the Committee close the meeting to the public under the authority of Section 90(1)() of the Community Charter. 4. Rise & Report from the Closed Electoral Area Directors Committee Meeting 5. Consent Agenda (Voting rule on each item may vary; unanimous vote required) Items appearing on the consent agenda which present a conflict of interest for Committee Members must be removed from the Consent Agenda and considered separately. Any items to be debated or voted against must be removed from the Consent Agenda and considered separately. THAT the resolutions set out in the Consent Agenda be approved, and those Consent Agenda items which do not have resolutions related thereto be received. 5.1 Approval and Receipt of Minutes 5.1.1. Electoral Area Directors Committee Meeting Draft 5 - 11 Minutes of September 5, 2019 THAT the Electoral Area Directors Committee Meeting Minutes of September 5, 2019 be approved as circulated. 5.2 Staff Reports & Other Business 5.2.1. September 2019 Select Funds Report 12 - 16 THAT the following resolution of the September 5, 2019 Electoral Area Directors Committee meeting with respect Item Item of Business and Page Number Page
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Bridge River Valley Official Community Plan Bylaw No. Bylaw 608, 1996
    Upper Bridge River Valley Official Community Plan Bylaw No. Bylaw 608, 1996 CONSOLIDATED COPY May 2016 IMPORTANT NOTICE THIS IS AN UNOFFICIAL CONSOLIDATION OF BYLAW NO. 608 WHICH HAS BEEN PREPARED FOR CONVENIENCE ONLY. Although the Squamish-Lillooet Regional District is careful to assure the accuracy of all information presented in this consolidation, you should confirm all information before making any decisions based on it. Information can be confirmed through the SLRD Planning Department. Bylaw 608 ( Consolidated for Convenience Only) May 2016 SUMMARY OF AMENDMENTS CONSOLIDATED FOR CONVENIENCE ONLY Consolidated bylaws are consolidated for convenience only and are merely representative. Each consolidated bylaw consists of the original bylaw text and maps, together with current amendments which have been made to the original version. Copies of all bylaws (original and amendments) may be obtained from the SLRD Planning and Development Department. BY-LAW NO. DATE OF ADOPTION 1022 – 2006 Major Review of Upper Bridge River Valley OCP January 28, 2008 Rezoning a parcel of unsurveyed Crown land from Resource 1094 – 2008 October 26, 2009 Management to Industrial Tyax Real Estate Ltd. text and map amendments plus 1305 - 2014 housekeeping amendment July 28, 2014 PID 024-877-638 (Lot 5, DL 4931, Plan KAP67637, LLD) Creating a Medical Marihuana Production Facility 1309 - 2014 February 25, 2015 Development Permit Area 1440 - 2016 OCP amendments to the Tyax Staff Housing May 25, 2016 Official Community Plan Bylaw No. 608 Page 2 Bylaw 608 ( Consolidated for Convenience Only) May 2016 SQUAMISH LILLOOET REGIONAL DISTRICT BYLAW NO. 1022, 2006 A bylaw of the Squamish Lillooet Regional District to amend the Upper Bridge River Valley Official Community Plan Bylaw No.
    [Show full text]
  • Brief on Mining and “Backcasting from Principles of Sustainability”
    Creating Resilience in the SLRD The Report of the SLRD Energy Resilience Task Force FINAL REPORT February, 2011 © 2011, Squamish-Lillooet Regional District. All Rights Reserved. The preparation of this sustainable community plan was carried out with assistance from the Green Municipal Fund, a Fund financed by the Government of Canada and administered by the Federation of Canadian Municipalities. Notwithstanding this support, the views expressed are the personal views of the authors, and the Federation of Canadian Municipalities and the Government of Canada accept no responsibility for them. FINAL REPORT February, 2011 A partial list of things made from Oil… Solvents Diesel fuel Motor Oil Bearing Grease Ink Floor Wax Ballpoint Pens Football Cleats Upholstery Sweaters Boats Insecticides Bicycle Tires Sports Car Bodies Nail Polish Fishing lures Dresses Tires Golf Bags Perfumes Cassettes Dishwasher parts Tool Boxes Shoe Polish Motorcycle Helmets Caulking Petroleum Jelly Transparent Tape CD Player Faucet Washers Antiseptics Clothesline Curtains Food Preservatives Basketballs Soap Vitamin Capsules Antihistamines Purses Shoes Dashboards Cortisone Deodorant Footballs Putty Dyes Panty Hose Refrigerant Diapers Life Jackets Rubbing Alcohol Linings Skis TV Cabinets Shag Rugs Electrician's Tape Tool Racks Car Battery Cases Epoxy Paint Mops Slacks Insect Repellent Oil Filters Umbrellas Yarn Fertilizers Hair Colouring Roofing Toilet Seats Fishing Rods Lipstick Denture Adhesive Linoleum Ice Cube Trays Synthetic Rubber Speakers Plastic Wood Electric Blankets
    [Show full text]
  • Gold Bridge Properties
    Gold Bridge Properties ASSESSMENT REPORT ON THE GEOCHEMICAL, AND PROSPECTING THE GOLD BRIDGE MINERAL CLAIMS Tenures 696374, 704730, 704734, 704752, 708922 Lillooet Mining Division Property Location Southern British Columbia BCGS 82L.008 Longitude and Latitude 50°8773 N 122°756 W By David A. Wallach For DW Exploration Ltd July 18, 2012 Page 1 of 28 Table of Content 1.0 Introduction........................................................... 3 2.0 Summery............................................................... 3 3.0 List of Mineral Tenures and Status........................ 4 4.0 Access and Location............................................. 5 5.0 Regional Geology.................................................. 5 6.0 Physiography, Vegetation and Climate.................. 5 7.0 Location Map.......................................................... 6 8.0 Claim Map.............................................................. 7 9.0 Rock Sample locations Map.................................. 8 10.0 Sample Analysis Map............................................ 9 11.0 Certificates of Analysis.......................................... 10 12.0 Conclusion.............................................................. 25 13.0 Statement of Costs................................................. 25 14.0 References............................................................. 26 15.0 Qualifications.......................................................... 27 Page 2 of 28 1:0 INTRODUCTION This report has been prepared David A Wallach of DW Exploration
    [Show full text]
  • LITTLE GEM (Northern Gem) COBALT-GOLD
    Geological Report on the LITTLE GEM (Northern Gem) COBALT-GOLD PROPERTY Gold Bridge/Bralorne Area South-Central British Columbia NTS 92J15W 500 53’47”N, 1220 57’12” W R.H. McMillan Ph.D., P.Geo. 15 January 2007 Table of Contents page 1 Introduction -- Synopsis 2 2 Location and Access 2 3 Claim Status 5 4 Physiographic and Vegetation 5 5 Past Exploration Work 5 6 Geology 6 7 Mineralization, Alteration and Veining 7 8 Mineral Resources 11 9 Metallurgy 11 10 Present Exploration Work 12 10 Conclusions and Discussion 12 11 Recommendations 13 12 Bibliography 14 List of Figures 1 Location Map and Generalized Geology - Little Gem Property 1 2 Claim Map - Little Gem Property 3 3 Surface Plan – Little Gem Property (after Lammle, 1986) 4 4 Regional Geology, Little Gem area (after Massey et al, 2005) 8 5 Little Gem Mine – plan of principal surface showings and underground workings (after Stevenson, 1948) 9 Tables 1 Little Gem Property Claims 3 2 Assays – Little Germ Mine Property (after Stevenson, 1948) 10 3 GPS Locations 12 Appendices 1 Statement of Expenditures 15 2 Certificate 16 LEGEND Granitic intrusions TT TT Tyaughton trough TT TT BR Ultramafite Gabbro CD Cadwallader Group BR Bridge River Complex O TT 51 00’ Fault - inferred CD CD Fault - thrust S hu la ps R BR an ge BR BR BR Little Gem Co-Au Deposit BR BR C ar pe nte e r k La n u La G ke BR Gold Bridge BR CD 122O 30’ Do wn tow n L ake BR CD BR Bralorne CD Bendor Range N O C 51 45’ o a st R a n g e CD CD BR BR BR 1:250 000 CD 0 6 kilometres Figure 1 - Location map and generalized geology - Little Gem Property (after Church, 1995) 1 1 Introduction -- Synopsis A potentially economic deposit of cobalt-gold mineralization with minor associated uranium is partially developed by three adits in the Gold Bridge area - the vein-type mineralization is hosted in granitic rocks of the Coast Range Igneous Complex and is part of the Bridge River gold mining district (Church, 1995).
    [Show full text]
  • Mkwal'ts Conservancy Management Plan
    Mkwal’ts Conservancy Management Plan ConservancyProtected Area] March 2012 Cover photo: Shore of Lillooet Lake at the mouth of Ure Creek. Photo credit: Liz Scroggins Mkwal’ts Conservancy Management Plan ii Acknowledgements The Lil’wat Nation and BC Parks have jointly prepared this management plan. The management planning process was coordinated by Harriet VanWart, Referral Coordinator, and Lucinda Phillips, Director, Land and Resources Department of the Lil’wat Nation and by Vicki Haberl, Planning Section Head, South Coast Region, BC Parks. Tracy Howlett, GIS Manager for the Lil’wat Nation Land and Resources Department, prepared all of the maps. Liz Scroggins of Scroggins Consulting prepared management plan drafts for review by Lil’wat Nation and BC Parks, under contract to Lil’wat Nation. The planning team extends special thanks to Johnny Jones and Lex Joseph of the Lil’wat Nation for their input on culturally significant features and for their review of the management plan documents. Additional thanks are also extended to Jennie Aikman, BC Parks Planner for the Ministry of Environment, for providing support to the planning process. The Lil’wat Nation and Ministry of Environment would like to thank those who took the time to provide comments on this conservancy management plan. iii Table of Contents Acknowledgements............................................................................................................... iii 1.0 Introduction ...............................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Publication of the Archaeological Society of British Columbia INSIDE
    Publication of the Archaeological Society of British Columbia ISSN 0047-7222 Vol.23, No.3 June 1991 INSIDE: Archaeology gets its feet wet ... page 1. Debitage ... page 5. Victoria ASBC chapter digs in ... page 6. Letter to the editor ... page 8. Volunteer opportunities ... page 8. Heritage legislation news ... page 9. Book reviews ... page 10. Permits ... page 12. What to see this summer ... page 13. The Midden Publication of the Archaeological Society of British Columbia Editor: Kathryn Bernick Subscriptions and Mailing: Helmi Braches Submissions and exchange publications should be directed Subscription is by membership in the A.S.B.C. (see below), or to the Editor. Contributions on subjects germane to B.C. non-member rates of $12.00 a year (5 issues). U.S.A. and overseas archaeology are welcomed: maximum length 1,500 words, $14.00 a year. Check or postal money order in Canadian funds no footnotes, and only a brief bibliography (if necessary at payable to the A.S.B.C. Address to: Midden Subcriptions, P.O. Box 520, Station A, Vancouver, B.C. V6C 2N3. all). Guidelines available. The contents of The Midden are copyrighted by the A.S.B.C. It is The next issue of The Midden will appear unlawful to reproduce all or part by any means whatsoever, without mid-October 1991. permission of the Society, which is usually gladly given. Publication of The Midden is made possible in part by financial Contributors this issue: Brian Apland, Kathryn assistance from the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Recreation and Bernick, Norm Easton, Grant Keddie, Phyllis Mason, Culture through the British Columbia Heritage Trust and B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sierra Nevada Batholith a Synthesis. of Recent Work Across the Central Part
    I _; The Sierra Nevada Batholith A Synthesis. of Recent Work Across the Central Part By PAUL C. BATEMAN, LORIN ~- CLARK, N. KING HUBER, JAMES G. MOORE, and C. DEAN RINEHART SHORTER CONTRIBU.TIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY· G E 0 L 0 G I CAL SURVEY P R 0 FE S S I 0 N A L PAPER 414-D Prepared in cooperation with the State of Caltfornia, Division of Mines and Geology · ti II R fA u 0 F u' N f I ._rBRARV SPUI\ANf:.. !NASH. JUN 31971 . ·~-~ - ~ ... -- --s PtfASf RfT,fJR~ fO liBRARY UNITED S.TATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 20402 CONTENTS Page Abstract------------------------------------------- D1 Constitution' of the batho1ith-Continued Introduction ______________________________________ _ 2 Contact relations _______________ ~ ______ - -- _----- D22 Genernl geologic relations _______________________ _ 2 Contacts between different granitic rocks _____ - 22 Previous geologic work _________________________ _ 4 Contacts between granitic rocks and meta- Acknowledgments _____________________________ _ 5 morphic rocks or diorite ___________ -- __ ---- 22 Wu.llrocks u.nd roof rocks ___________________________ _ 5 Felsic dike swarms __________________ - ___ -------- 24 Pu.leozoic rocks ________________________________ _ 5 Mafic dike swarms _________________________ ----- 25 Mesozoic rocks ________________________________ _ 6 Structure
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Ames, Kenneth M. and Herbert D.G. Maschner 1999 Peoples of BIBLIOGRAPHY the Northwest Coast: Their Archaeology and Prehistory. Thames and Hudson, London. Abbas, Rizwaan 2014 Monitoring of Bell-hole Tests at Amoss, Pamela T. 1993 Hair of the Dog: Unravelling Pre-contact Archaeological Site DhRs-1 (Marpole Midden), Vancouver, BC. Coast Salish Social Stratification. In American Indian Linguistics Report on file, British Columbia Archaeology Branch, Victoria. and Ethnography in Honor of Lawrence C. Thompson, edited by Acheson, Steven 2009 Marpole Archaeological Site (DhRs-1) Anthony Mattina and Timothy Montler, pp. 3-35. University of Management Plan—A Proposal. Report on file, British Columbia Montana Occasional Papers No. 10, Missoula. Archaeology Branch, Victoria. Andrefsky, William, Jr. 2005 Lithics: Macroscopic Approaches to Acheson, S. and S. Riley 1976 Gulf of Georgia Archaeological Analysis (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, New York. Survey: Powell River and Sechelt Regional Districts. Report on Angelbeck, Bill 2015 Survey and Excavation of Kwoiek Creek, file, British Columbia Archaeology Branch, Victoria. British Columbia. Report in preparation by Arrowstone Acheson, S. and S. Riley 1977 An Archaeological Resource Archaeology for Kanaka Bar Indian Band, and Innergex Inventory of the Northeast Gulf of Georgia Region. Report on file, Renewable Energy, Longueuil, Québec. British Columbia Archaeology Branch, Victoria. Angelbeck, Bill and Colin Grier 2012 Anarchism and the Adachi, Ken 1976 The Enemy That Never Was. McClelland & Archaeology of Anarchic Societies: Resistance to Centralization in Stewart, Toronto, Ontario. the Coast Salish Region of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Current Anthropology 53(5):547-587. Adams, Amanda 2003 Visions Cast on Stone: A Stylistic Analysis of the Petroglyphs of Gabriola Island, B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Module 22A Geological Laws GEOLOGIC LAWS
    Module 22A Geological Laws GEOLOGIC LAWS Geologic Laws ❑ Superposition ❑ Original Horizontality ❑ Original Continuity ❑ Uniformitarianism ❑ Cross-cutting Relationship ❑ Inclusions ❑ Faunal Succession Missing strata ❑ Unconformity ❑ Correlation Law of Superposition ❑ In an undisturbed rock sequence, the bottom layer of rock is older than the layer above it, or ❑ The younger strata at the top in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rocks. Law of Superposition Undisturbed strata Law of Superposition Disturbed strata Law of original horizontality ❑ Sedimentary rocks are laid down in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers, or ❑ Sedimentary strata are laid down nearly horizontally and are essentially paralel to the surface upon which they acummulate Law of Original Continuity ❑ The original continuity of water-laid sedimentary strata is terminated only by pincing out againts the basin of deposition, at the time of their deposition Law of Original Continuity Law of Original Continuity Law of Original Continuity NOTE: This law is considerable oversimplification. The last discoveries indicate that the termination is not necessarily at a basin border. Facies changes may terminated a strata. Uniformitarianism ❑ James Hutton (1726-1797) Scottish geologist developed the laws of geology ❑ Uniformitarianism is a cornerstone of geology ❑ Considered the Father of Modern Geology Uniformitarianism ❑ Uniformitarianism is based on the premise that: ➢ the physical and chemical laws of nature have remained the same through time ➢ present-day processes have operated throughout geologic time ➢ rates and intensities of geologic processes, and their results may have changed with time ❑ To interpret geologic events from evidence preserved in rocks ➢ we must first understand present-day processes and their results Uniformitarianism is a cornerstone of geology Uniformitarianism MODIFIED STATEMENT “The present is the key to the past" • The processes (plate tectonics, mountain building, erosion) we see today are believed to have been occurring since the Earth was formed.
    [Show full text]
  • Factors Limiting Juvenile Sockeye Production and Enhancement Potential for Selected B.C
    Fisheries and Oceans Pêches et Océans Science Sciences C S A S S C C S Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Secrétariat canadien de consultation scientifique Research Document 2001/098 Document de recherche 2001/098 Not to be cited without Ne pas citer sans permission of the authors 1 autorisation des auteurs 1 FACTORS LIMITING JUVENILE SOCKEYE PRODUCTION AND ENHANCEMENT POTENTIAL FOR SELECTED B.C. NURSERY LAKES K.S. Shortreed, K.F. Morton, K. Malange, and J.M.B. Hume Fisheries and Oceans Canada Marine Environment and Habitat Science Division 4222 Columbia Valley Highway Cultus Lake Laboratory, Cultus Lake, B.C. V2R 5B6 1 This series documents the scientific basis for 1 La présente série documente les bases the evaluation of fisheries resources in scientifiques des évaluations des ressources Canada. As such, it addresses the issues of halieutiques du Canada. Elle traite des the day in the time frames required and the problèmes courants selon les échéanciers documents it contains are not intended as dictés. Les documents qu’elle contient ne definitive statements on the subjects doivent pas être considérés comme des addressed but rather as progress reports on énoncés définitifs sur les sujets traités, mais ongoing investigations. plutôt comme des rapports d’étape sur les études en cours. Research documents are produced in the Les documents de recherche sont publiés dans official language in which they are provided to la langue officielle utilisée dans le manuscrit the Secretariat. envoyé au Secrétariat. This document is available on the Internet at: Ce document est disponible sur l’Internet à: http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas/ ISSN 1480-4883 Ottawa, 2001 ABSTRACT In this report we present summaries of our current knowledge of freshwater factors limiting sockeye production from 60 B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • REGION 2 - Lower Mainland
    REGION 2 - Lower Mainland CONTACT INFORMATION Fish and Wildlife Regional Office Salmon Information: (604) 586-4400 200-10428 153 St Fisheries and Oceans Canada Surrey BC V3R 1E1 District Offices (DFO) Conservation Officer Service Chilliwack: (604) 824-3300 Please call 1-877-952-7277 for recorded Delta: (604) 666-8266 information or to make an appointment at Langley: (604) 607-4150 any of the following Field Offices: Mission: (604) 814-1055 Mission, North Vancouver, Powell River, Squamish: (604) 892-3230 Sechelt, and Squamish Steveston: (604) 664-9250 Vancouver: (604) 666-0384 RAPP Shellfish Information line: (604) 666-2828 Report All Poachers Rand Polluters Mahood L i C in hilco Conservation Officerl 24 Hour Hotline tin k na STAY UP TO DATE: li R R 1-877-952-RAPPK (7277) iver ko Canim il Check website for in-season changes or h L Please refer to page 78 for more informationC closure dates for the 2021-2023 season rapp.bc.ca g at: www.gov.bc.ca/FishingRegulations r T o Cr a D C s y e 100 Mile House 5-6 e Tatlayoko k l o s o Lake M R r C 5-5 r 5-3 C CHILKO ig B Bonaparte n LAKE r L u R R h Taseko C te o ar hk Lakes ap at 5-4 3-31 on m FR B R Ho A S Y E a R n a R la k m o d m a R e Bish rd 3-32 D op o 2-15 L R R So Carpenter uthg ate ge Lake R Brid Gold ive Cache Creek Kamloops r Bridge R Lake 1-15 2-14 Seton BUTE L INLET 3-33 Anderson Lillooet 3-17 KAMLOOPS Phillips 2-13 L G R u i a R N Arm b r c o I O T C V h L h S o ILL s E OO o R P n E T o M y a O C C H r 2-11 3-16 T Sonora N TOBA ic Island R o INLET Pemberton la n E i e R l n a t e
    [Show full text]