Mozart / Brahms String Quintets Quatuor Voce Lise Berthaud Menu › Tracklist › Texte Français

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Mozart / Brahms String Quintets Quatuor Voce Lise Berthaud Menu › Tracklist › Texte Français MOZART / BRAHMS STRING QUINTETS QUATUOR VOCE LISE BERTHAUD MENU › TRACKLIST › TEXTE FRANÇAIS › ENGLISH TEXT › DEUTSCH KOMMENTAR MOZART BRAHMS WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART (1756-1791) STRING QUINTET NO.3 IN C MAJOR, K515 1 I. ALLEGRO 9’11 2 II. MENUETTO: ALLEGRETTO 5’43 3 III. ANDANTE 8’49 4 IV. ALLEGRO 7’22 JOHANNES BRAHMS (1833-1897) STRING QUINTET NO.2 IN G MAJOR, OP.111 5 I. ALLEGRO NON TROPPO, MA CON BRIO 12’48 6 II. ADAGIO 6’10 7 III. UN POCO ALLEGRETTO 5’11 8 IV. VIVACE MA NON TROPPO PRESTO 4’54 TOTAL TIME : 60’11 › MENU QUATUOR VOCE CÉCILE ROUBIN VIOLIN I (MOZART) / VIOLIN II (BRAHMS) SARAH DAYAN VIOLIN I (BRAHMS) / VIOLIN II (MOZART) GUILLAUME BECKER VIOLA I LYDIA SHELLEY CELLO LISE BERTHAUD VIOLA II › MENU « V » Depuis nos débuts, il y a dix ans, nous avons toujours cultivé rencontres et collaborations avec des artistes de milieux et d’horizons différents. La formation en quintette à cordes nous semble la plus naturelle et la plus intime de ces collaborations, car elle fond dans le quatuor un instrument qui y a déjà un frère et rebat les cartes de la conversation à quatre sans en changer beaucoup le cadre. De la plus tendre jeunesse du quatuor à aujourd’hui, les quintettes à deux altos nous ont accompagnés, que ce soit avec des maîtres (Miguel da Silva, Yuri Bashmet) ou de brillants altistes de notre génération comme Lise Berthaud - dont la générosité du son et l’instinct musical nous inspirent. Nous n’avons cessé, que ce soit chez Mozart ou chez Brahms, d’admirer et de profiter de l’aisance, de la liberté et de la jubilation auxquelles cette cinquième voix leur permet d’accéder. Comme si ce deuxième alto résolvait tous les problèmes qui se posent à quatre, Brahms et Mozart nous offrent dans cette formation des chefs-d’œuvre de dimension orchestrale, où se retrouvent à la fois la plus grande intimité et la plus grande universalité. Ces quatre cordes supplémentaires semblent élargir encore un peu le spectre sonore, déjà vaste, que propose le quatuor. Il est vrai aussi que ces deux immenses compositeurs ont parfois éprouvé de sérieuses difficultés à écrire pour le quatuor, ce que nous savons grâce à la correspondance de Mozart et par le fait que Brahms ait notamment déchiré de nombreux quatuors avant de composer les trois, sublimes, que nous lui connaissons. Il est un peu surréaliste de nous représenter Mozart et Brahms écrire dans la douleur et parfois avec difficulté mais nous le ressentons en jouant toutes ces œuvres ! En réalité, leur force créatrice nous semble, pour ainsi dire, s’épanouir dans cette écriture à cinq voix. Les deux compositeurs ont tout le loisir de jongler avec des combinaisons tantôt plus denses, tantôt plus aérées qu’avec un quatuor. En témoignent ces premières 6 mesures du quintette de Mozart en do majeur : le thème est énoncé sous forme de FRANÇAIS questions-réponses au violoncelle et au premier violon pendant que l’accompagnement est égrené par les croches répétées des trois voix médianes. Sur les trente-quatre premières mesures, seules cinq réunissent les cinq instruments, pour une figure de cadence, et ce dialogue entre violoncelle et violon n’en est que plus aérien. Peut-être aussi que la présence d’un second alto a donné envie à ces deux génies de mettre en lumière le timbre particulier de l’alto. Ainsi dans l’Andante de Mozart, la voix de l’alto émerge et dialogue avec celle du violon tout au long de cette magnifique page, dans un duo empreint d’une méditative sérénité. Ce sommet mozartien n’est pas sans nous rappeler la Symphonie Concertante pour violon, alto et orchestre. Dans l’opus 111 de Brahms, cette position originale de l’alto semble aller plus loin encore avec notamment cette poétique cadence dans l’Adagio. Joseph Joachim, immense violoniste et aussi grand ami du compositeur, trouvait même trop présente cette partie de premier alto, à laquelle étaient confiées tant de responsabilités. Nous avons donc choisi de réunir ces deux quintettes, le K. 515 de Mozart et l’op. 111 de Brahms, car, bien que séparés de cent ans et d’esthétiques évidemment bien différentes, ils nous paraissent en de nombreux points presque jumeaux, traversés tous deux par un enthousiasme profond, par la vitalité souveraine de compositeurs au faîte de leur art. Dans leurs premiers mouvements, chacun de proportions considérables, chacun s’ouvrant avec un violoncelle soliste et solaire, les riches développements nous emportent loin de cet enthousiasme vigoureux, dans des abîmes de réflexion et de beauté par la subtilité du contrepoint à cinq et des cheminements harmoniques aventureux. Chacun se termine par une coda merveilleusement belle et inventive pleine de promesses. 7 Les sublimes mouvements lents, chez Mozart comme chez Brahms, sont au cœur d’une expression intime et chantée, presque spontanée... L’écriture est plus simple, plus narrative, plus instrumentale aussi, avec des jaillissements cadentiels presque improvisés. Dans le jeu, on se sent moins pris dans un processus et plus acteur d’un discours personnel. Les mouvements intermédiaires (Menuetto et Un poco Allegretto) partagent aussi d’une certaine façon des caractères communs, dans leurs demi-teintes mélancoliques, dans l’errance, entre les questions qui se posent sans cesse chez Mozart et les syncopes qui cherchent quelque chose sans jamais le trouver chez Brahms. Leurs deux finals sont une débauche de fête et de virtuosité, et de joie reconquise après ces éprouvantes et émouvantes traversées. Que ce soit chez Mozart, où l’on se sent au cœur d’un opéra miniature où les enjeux dramatiques sont terribles, ou chez Brahms, où derrière des couleurs automnales c’est plutôt l’idée de grandeur symphonique qui s’impose, ces œuvres de musique de chambre sont porteuses d’un message philosophique universel et puissamment optimiste dont la force et la conviction nous inspirent et éclairent nos routes. Les Voce › MENU 8 › MENU ‘V’ Since the very beginning of our quartet, ten years ago, we have always cultivated collaborations with artists from different horizons and diverse backgrounds. The string quintet seems to us to be the most natural and the most intimate of formations, ENGLISH seamlessly merging with the established ensemble an instrument which already has a brother in the quartet and redistributing the material without significantly changing the framework. The viola quintet repertoire has followed us from our first steps as a string quartet right up to the present day, be it with distinguished teachers (Miguel da Silva, Yuri Bashmet) or with brilliant artists of our generation such as Lise Berthaud, who inspires us with her generous sound and innate musical instinct. Whether in Mozart or Brahms, we have constantly admired and enjoyed the ease, the liberty of expression and the sheer joy this fifth voice confers on their music. As if the addition of a second viola resolved all the problems which arise with four instruments, Brahms and Mozart offer us masterworks of orchestral dimensions, the meeting of the most intimate and the most universal of worlds. Those four extra strings seem to expand even further the quartet’s already vast spectrum of sound. In contrast to the apparent fluidity of composition characteristic of their quintets, both Mozart and Brahms encountered serious difficulties when writing for string quartet. We know this both from Mozart’s correspondence and from the fact that Brahms destroyed many quartets (among other compositions) before composing the three sublime works we know and admire. It is rather odd for us to imagine Mozart and Brahms writing with difficulty and sometimes real pain, but we do feel it when playing those quartets! 9 In fact, their creative powers seem to us to blossom in this five-voice texture. The two composers have the freedom to juxtapose denser or lighter instrumental combinations than are possible with a quartet. An example of this can be found in the first bars of Mozart’s Quintet in C major: the theme is stated in the form of question and answer between the cello and the first violin whilst the middle voices offer a bouncing accompaniment of repeated quavers. Of the first thirty-four bars, only five combine all five instruments, for a cadential figure, thus making the opening dialogue between the first violin and cello seem even lighter. Perhaps the presence of a second viola gave these two geniuses a desire to showcase the unusual timbre of the instrument. For example, in Mozart’s Andante, the voice of the viola emerges and dialogues with that of the violin throughout this magnificent movement, in a duo steeped in meditative serenity. This peak of Mozartian style is not without its parallels in the Sinfonia Concertante for violin, viola and orchestra. In Brahms’s op.111, the unusual emphasis on the viola seems to go even further, notably in the soulful and poetic cadenza of the Adagio. The eminent violinist Joseph Joachim, who was also a close friend of the composer, found the first viola part perhaps even too prominent, with too many responsibilities to assume. We have therefore chosen to bring together these two quintets, Mozart’s K515 and Brahms’s op.111, for even though they were written a century apart and obviously belong to very different aesthetics, they seem to us to be almost twinned, both of them characterised by profound enthusiasm and by the majestic vitality of two composers at the height of their art. Each of the generously proportioned opening movements begins with a glorious cello solo, while the rich development sections transport us far from this vigorous enthusiasm, 10 to abyssal depths of reflection and beauty, by way of subtle five-part counterpoint and adventurous harmonic paths.
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