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38175 Patharaj.J/ Elixir Appl. Botany 91 (2016) 38175-38177 Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal)

Applied Botany

Elixir Appl. Botany 91 (2016) 38175-38177 Endemic flora in Kotagiri hill of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve Patharaj.J Sasurie vidhya Bhavan Educational Institution, Tirupur.

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Of the 2,900 species of flowering plants in Kotagiri hill of Nilgiri biosphere reserve in Received: 13 November 2015; Southern India, 126 species from 37 families are endemic, they are listed by plant Received in revised form: species. 29 January 2016; © 2016 Elixir All rights reserved. Accepted: 4 February 2016;

Keywords Kotagiri, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Endangered Plants, Kookalthorai Falls, 125 Species and 37 Families, Acantheaceae etc.

Introduction Acanthaceae Kotagiri is a panchayat town in The Nilgiri district of  Leptacanthus amabilis Tamil Nadu, South India. Kotagiri is situated at an elevation  Mackenziea homotropa of around 1783 m above sea level and is one of the four  M. Violacea popular hill stations located in the Nilgiri district. This  Nilgirianthus papillosus picturesque hill station is bounded by verdant green tea  N. Wighteanus estates, silver oak, and offers a number of trekking options.  Phlebophyllum lanatum This old hill station has been developed around  Plecaulis sessilis innumerable knolls and valleys. The Doddabetta Range is 22  Rhinacanthus nasutus var. montanus km away. Catherine Falls, kookalthorai(uyilatty) Falls and  Thelepaepale bicolor Rangaswami Pillar are the major attractions near Kotagiri Adoxaceae and you can trek to these places. Kodanad View Point offers a  Viburnum hebanthum spectacular view of the gentle sloping hills and blue hills. Amaranthaceae There is another jungle trekking trail  Achyranthes aspera f. var. rubrofusca Study area Apiaceae The present study is mainly concern with identification ,  Bunium nothum* collection, herbarium preparation, preservation of endemic Apocynaceae plants. Invitro culture will be carried in case of most  Baeolepis nervosa endangered medicinal plants. Aquifoliaceae  Ilex gardneriana Araceae  Arisaema auriculatum  A. pulchrum  A. transluscens  A. tuberculatum  A. tylophorum Arecaceae  Calamus gamblei var sphaerocarpa Asclepiadaceae  Brachystelma maculatum  Caralluma nilagiriana Asteraceae  Anaphalis neelgeiryana Figure 1. Photo showing Kookalthorai water falls (five  A. notoniana Kilo meter away from Kotagiri town)  Helichrysum wightii

 Senecio kundaicus Euphorbiaceae  S. lawsonii  Glochidion sisparense  S. lessigianus  Mallotus subramanyamii  S. polycephalus  Reidia timbriata balsaminaceae Fabaceae  I. laticornis  Acacia hohenackeri  I. levengei  Crotalaria bidei  I. munronii  C. formosa  I. neo-barnesii  C. obtecta  I. nilagirica  Dalbergia gardneriana  I. orchioides  Tephrosia wynaadensis Celastraceae Gentianaceae  Microtropis densiflora*  Swertia lawii Chrysobalanaceae Labiatae  Atuna indica*  Anisochilus dysophylloides var purpureus Commelinaceae  Leucas pubescens  Commelina tricolor  L. rosmarinifolia Convolvulaceae  Pogostemon nilagiricus  Argyreia coonoorensis  P. paludosus Cyperaceae  Teucrium wightii  Carex christii Lauraceae  C. pseudo-asperata  Actinodaphne lanata*  C. vicinalis  Actinodaphne lawsonii*  C. curvibracteatus  Actinodaphne salicina*  Fimbristylis latiniglumifera Loranthaceae Eriocaulaceae  Dendrophthoe memecylifolia  Eriocaulon christopheri  D. neelgherrensis var clarkei  E. gamblei  Loranthus recurvus  E. pectinatum* Melastomataceae  M. lawsonii  M. sisparense*  Sonerila versicolor var. axillaris  S. wynaadensis Myrtaceae  Eugenia argentea  Meteoromyrtus wynaadensis*  Syzygium malabaricum Orchidaceae  Aerides elatoir  Bulbophyllum acutiflorum  B. aureum  B. fusco-purpureum  B. kaitiense  Corymborkis veratifolia Figure 2. Photo showing one of the major study area  Eria nana (Kotagiri Neru park)  E. polystachya  Habenaria cephalotes  H. denticulata  H. polyodon  Liparis biloba  Malaxis crenulata  Spiranthes sinensis var. wightiana  Thrixspermum muscaeflorum var nilagiricum Oxalidaceae  Biophytum polyphyllum Pittosporaceae  Pittosporum viridulatum* Poaceae  Andropogon longipes  A. polyptychus Figure 3. Photo showing way to kodanad (7 K.M.away from  Arudinella purpurea Kotagiri)

38177 Patharaj.J/ Elixir Appl. Botany 91 (2016) 38175-38177

 A. setosa var nilgiriana  O. pykarensis*  Brachiaria semiundulata  Pavetta brunois  Eriochrysis rangacharii  P. hohenhackeri  Garnotia schmidii  P. wightii  Isachne deccanensis Rutaceae  I. nilagiricum  Melicope indica*  I. oreades Sapotaceae  Ochlandra beddomei  Isonandra perrottetiana  O. setigera Symplocaceae  Panicum fischeri  Symplocos microphylla  Poa gamblei  S. pulchra Primulaceae Umbelliferae  Embelia gardneriana  Bupleurum plantaginifolium  Maesa velutina*  Heracleum hookerianum Ranunculaceae Urticaceae  Clematis theobromina  Pouzolzia wightii f.var. nilghirensis Rubiaceae Viscum orbiculatum  Hedyotis hirsutissima Reference  Lasianthus ciliatus 1. Ranjit Daniels, R. J. (1996). The Nilgiri Biosphere  Oldenlandia hirsutissima Reserve: A Review of Conservation Status with  O. sisparensis Recommendations for a Wholistic Approach to Management.  Ophiorrhiza brunois var brunois Working Paper No. 16, 1996. UNESCO (South-South Cooperation Programme), Paris. 2. Alempath, M. & Rice, C. (2008). Nilgiritragus hylocrius. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 5 April 2009. 3. Ropiquet, A. & Hassanin, A. 2005. Molecular evidence for the polyphyly of the genus Hemitragus (Mammalia, Bovidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36(1):154- 168 4. "Nilgiri tahr population over 3,000: WWF-India". The Hindu. 3 October 2015. 5. "Bonnet Macaque tops in wildlife survey in Kanyakumari district". 6. "Squeezing Life out of Ponmudi".

Figure 4. Map showing Nilgiri biosphere reserve