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Existence of Bali Aga Community Religion: Pedawa Village in Buleleng

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Existence of Bali Aga Community Religion: Pedawa Village in Buleleng International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Available online at http://sciencescholar.us/journal/index.php/ijssh Vol. 3 No. 1, April 2018, pages: 72~81 e-ISSN: 2550-7001, p-ISSN: 2550-701X https://doi.org/10.29332/ijssh.v3n1.256 Existence of Bali Aga Community Religion (Pedawa Village in Buleleng) Ida Bagus Subawa a, I Putu Gelgel b, I Wayan Subrata c Article history: Received 18 August 2018, Accepted: 31 December 2018, Published: 18 March 2019 Correspondence Author a Abstract The research is aimed at exploring how the belief system of Bali Aga community? how the strategy for retention the identity of the Bali Aga community? and (3) how the implications of preserving the identity of the Balinese Aga community?. The grand theories used in the present study included structural functionalism, phenomenology, and religious. Data were collected through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and document studies. Having analyzed data is conducted interpretive description techniques. Based on the results of the research conducted in Pedawa Village, it was found that the people currently still preserve their ancestral cultural heritage in the sense that the traditions and religious systems. They inherit are still functional Keywords in managing their socio-religious life. The adjustments are indeed conducted in Bali Aga; order to preserve the continuity of the traditions that they do. The concept of culture; AGIL namely Adaptation, Goal, Integration, and Latency shows its existence in Pedawa; the field. The study also found that there was an exciting kind of awakening to religion; strengthen the religious system and traditions. They inherited unlike reviving tradition; the sacred dances they had, and the tradition of planting of gaga rice had been increasingly difficult to find. It is one of the important facilities in the Bali Aga ritual system. e-ISSN: 2550-7001, p-ISSN: 2550-701X ©Copyright 2019. The Author. SS Journals Published by Universidad Técnica de Manabí. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) All rights reserved. Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 72 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 73 2. Materials and Methods ...................................................................................................................................................................... 73 a Universitas Hindu Indonesia, Denpasar, Indonesia b Universitas Hindu Indonesia, Denpasar, Indonesia c Universitas Hindu Indonesia, Denpasar, Indonesia 72 IJSSH e-ISSN: 2550-7001 p-ISSN: 2550-701X 73 3. Results and Discussions .................................................................................................................................................................... 74 4. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 77 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................................................. 78 References ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 80 Biography of Authors ......................................................................................................................................................................... 81 1. Introduction Discussing the issue of religion as a belief system essentially involving a value system inherent in human civilization. A belief system develops in accordance with the cultural development of its adherents. The experts concluded that the population occupying the Bali island had confidence in the mountains and the sea as a spirit realm; trust in the real and unreal nature; the existence of trust in another life after death; and trust in ancestral spirits that can be asked for help (Sutaba, 1980; Ardana; 1986). The fundamentals of faith then color the local belief system, is acculturated with religious teachings that came later to generally Indonesia and particularly Bali. The inclusion of religious elements, therefore, from India must be considered as fertilizing substances from the development of local religion (Bosch, 1983: 7). This then develops a local belief system based on the strong and/or weak influence of religion that is received, or depends on the level of adaptation that each of these local religions has. The local belief system or local religiosity in its development experiences a period of ups and downs. Since, Independence Day until the reign of the Orde Baru, local religion seems to have been marginalized from academic discourse. Baswedan (2007: x), stated that since the early 1950s, there in Indonesia has been a tendency to view local aspirations as an idea that contradicts national aspirations. Thinking about the area is often considered equivalent to fighting the center. Local aspirations then are pushed aside, due to they are often labeled as not nationalist and contrary to the idea of unity. Local traditions and culture are often excluded due to the uniformity of national cultural and traditional symbols, usually conducted under the name of unity in diversity. After the Reformation began in 1998, the dynamics of politics in the region entered a new era as well. The actors, institutions, local culture are emerging again and are starting to play a role in local politics. Baswedan (2007), the statement becomes very interesting, if it is related to the dynamics of Bali Aga community religion of Pedawa Village in Buleleng. As it is known that the people of Bali Aga are a sub-ethnic group. Balinese people who inhabit the mountainous region. The term of Bali Aga is a term for native Balinese who generally occupy the mountainous regions in Bali (Basic Education Agency, Bali Province, 1991: 6). They have local traditions both in social life and unique religious system compared to the society in Bali Dataran. The uniqueness of the people of Bali Aga is probably due to the lack of influence of Javanese Hinduism brought to Bali by the Majapahit people (Dharmayuda, 1995: 33). One of the uniqueness in Bali Aga community religion is for the mountainous region of Bali is the lack of influence of Hindu Majapahit. If it is compared to Balinese people. It is encouraged the desire to explore more about the existence of the religious system of the Balinese Aga community Pedawa Village in Buleleng, therefore, the studies need to be conducted. The three problems are discussed in the current study included (1) how the belief system of Bali Aga community? (2) how the strategy for retention the identity of the Bali Aga community? (3) how the implications of preserving the identity of the Balinese Aga community? 2. Materials and Methods In order to obtain good results, the grand theories used in the present study included structural functionalism, phenomenology, and religious. Data were collected through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and document studies. Having analyzed data is conducted interpretive description techniques. Subawa, I. B., Gelgel, I. P., & Subrata, I. W. (2019). Existence of Bali Aga community religion. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(1), 72-81. https://doi.org/10.29332/ijssh.v3n1.256 74 e-ISSN : 2550-7001 p-ISSN : 2550-701X 3. Results and Discussions The community of Bali Aga is one of the ethnic groups among 101 ethnic groups in Indonesia (Jamil, 2008: 43). The lexicon of Aga defines mountain. Bali Aga is a term for native Balinese. The ancestors of Bali Aga society thought to be Austronesian people, also called Proto Melayu. The term Bali Aga is to identify groups of people who are thought to be the initial inhabitants who inhabit the Bali island and relatively a bit affected by Hinduism. They are generally in mountainous areas. The existence of this designation is to distinguish from people whose ancestors came later to Bali. They generally came from Java (Dharmayuda, 1995: 33; Sudharta, 2006: 1). Bagus (2004: 286), called it Bali-Majapahit generally live in the Dataran area. The Bali Aga identity is carried by the community in Pedawa Village does have an ambivalent impact. The label refers to the characteristics of the local community; different identity with the Majapahit society. Bali Aga identity is also a pride due to it has own characteristics. Therein Pedawa Village, several kinds of traditions and ritual ceremonies that are different from those in Bali Dataran, unlike Mebase Tegeh tradition, Ngangkid, even Nyepi momentum is determined by Pawisik (whispering) received by Balian Desa. The worship tradition of Pedawa Village is also different from the community of Hindus in Dataran, Sanggah (small temple in the household) in Pedawa is in a traditional house called Pacekan Base. Pedawa people although accept the change coming from outside, they still preserve Bali Aga identity. This theoretically is indeed a common symptom, when the term regarded
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