(Niryasa) Used As Botanical in Ayurveda
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Screening of Ferula Narthex Boiss Crude Methanolic Extract for Analgesic, Gastrointestinal Motility and Insecticidal Activity
Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 14 (4): 471-475, 2013 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.14.4.286 Screening of Ferula narthex Boiss Crude Methanolic Extract for Analgesic, Gastrointestinal Motility and Insecticidal Activity 1Shumaila Bashir, 1Mahboob Alam, 21Bashir Ahmad, Akhtar Aman and 3Javid Ali 1Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan 2Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan 3PCSIR Laboratories Complex Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan Abstract: The crude methanolic extract of Ferula narthex (MeFn) was screened for analgesic, GIT motility and insecticidal activity. Acetic acid-induced writhing model was used for assessment of analgesic effect in mice, while charcoal meal model was used for GIT motility assessment. The crude MeFn showed dose dependent analgesic effect, the significant effect was observed with 100 and 200 mg/kg dose. The analgesic effect of diclofenac sodium (standard drug) was greater than crude MeFn. The crude MeFn extract reduced the motility of GIT in mice. The reduction in GIT motility is dose dependent and maximum effect was produced by 200 mg/kg dose. The insecticidal effect was not significant except n-Hexane fraction which possesses moderate activity against all tested insects (maximum 60% against R. dominica). These effects of crude MeFn extract justify its use in folkloric medicines for the management of pain and various gastro-intestinal disorders. Key words: Ferula narthex GIT motility Analgesic Insecticidal Diclofenac sodium Folkloric medicines INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS Genus Ferula belongs to family umbelliferae, which Preparation of Crude Extract: In July 2010 comprises 275 genera and 2850 species, which are Ferula narthex plant was collected from Chitral located in distributed throughout the world, especially in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. -
Chemical Composition of Volatile Oil of Ferula Assafoetida L
International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences (IJRSAS) Volume 5, Issue 8, 2019, PP 9-14 ISSN No. (Online) 2454–6224 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0508002 www.arcjournals.org Chemical Composition of Volatile Oil of Ferula Assafoetida L P. Estekhdami1*, A. Nasiri Dehsorkhi2 1M.sc. Agronomy, Shahroud of University in Iran (2008). 2Ph.D. student of Agroecology , Agronomy Department, Agricultural Faculty , University of Zabol, in Iran. *Corresponding Author: P. Estekhdami, M.Sc. Agronomy, Shahroud of University in Iran (2008). Abstract: Asafoetida is an oleo-gum-resin obtained from the exudates of the roots of the Iranian endemic medicinal plant, F. asafoetida. It is used widely all over the world as a flavoring spice in a variety of foods. was analysed by GC and GC/MS. The constituents were identified by their mass spectra and Kovats' indices. Among those, The main constituents were (E)-1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (58.9%), (Z)-β-ocimene (11.9%), (E)-β-ocimene (9.0%), β-pinene (5.0%) and (Z)-1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (3.9%). Keywords: Asafoetida , GC/MS 1. INTRODUCTION The genus Ferula, the third largest genus of the Apiaceae (alt.Umbelliferae) family,is composed of ca. 180 species (Yaqoob and Nawchoo, 2016), 15 of whichare endemic to Iran (Mozaffarian, 1996),nine species to Turkey, seven to China (Yaqoob and Nawchoo, 2016) and one species to Italy, and the rest are indigenousentities of several other countries.The majority of the Ferula plants have a pungent odor and can beused for different purposes.In the literature, numerous reports have described various biolo- gical and medicinal activities for different essential oils and ex-tracts of the Ferula plants. -
Final Recovery Plan Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax Traillii Extimus)
Final Recovery Plan Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) August 2002 Prepared By Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Team Technical Subgroup For Region 2 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Albuquerque, New Mexico 87103 Approved: Date: Disclaimer Recovery Plans delineate reasonable actions that are believed to be required to recover and/or protect listed species. Plans are published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, sometimes prepared with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, State agencies, and others. Objectives will be attained and any necessary funds made available subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. Recovery plans do not necessarily represent the views nor the official positions or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in the plan formulation, other than the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. They represent the official position of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service only after they have been signed by the Regional Director or Director as approved. Approved Recovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery tasks. Some of the techniques outlined for recovery efforts in this plan are completely new regarding this subspecies. Therefore, the cost and time estimates are approximations. Citations This document should be cited as follows: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2002. Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Plan. Albuquerque, New Mexico. i-ix + 210 pp., Appendices A-O Additional copies may be purchased from: Fish and Wildlife Service Reference Service 5430 Governor Lane, Suite 110 Bethesda, Maryland 20814 301/492-6403 or 1-800-582-3421 i This Recovery Plan was prepared by the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Team, Technical Subgroup: Deborah M. -
Planning Commission
Revised Arborist Report 300 Montague Expressway Milpitas, CA Prepared for: Trumark Companies 4185 Blackhawk Plaza Circle, Suite 200 Danville, CA 94506 Prepared by: HortScience, Inc. 2150 Rheem Dr., Suite A Pleasanton, CA 94588 October, 2011 Revised Arborist Report 300 Montague Expressway Milpitas Table of Contents Page Introduction and Overview 1 Survey Methods 1 Description of Trees 2 Suitability for Preservation 4 Evaluation of Impacts 5 Tree Preservation Guidelines 7 List of Tables Table 1. Tree condition and frequency of occurrence 3 Table 2. Suitability for Preservation 5 Table 3. Recommendations for preservation 6 Attachments Tree Assessment Form Tree Assessment Map Revised Arborist Report, Trumark Companies HortScience, Inc. 300 Montague Expressway, Milpitas Page 1 Introduction and Overview Trumark Companies are proposing to redevelop the property located at 300 Montague Expressway, in Milpitas. The site is triangular, bordered by Montague Expressway to the west and Trade Zone Blvd. to the south. Currently, the site is an office complex, with a vegetated berm along the western and southern boundaries. The three buildings are centrally located with peripheral parking and landscaping throughout. The plan proposes to construct 92 attached town homes and 42 single-family homes, for a total of 134 homes. HortScience, Inc. was asked to prepare an Arborist Report for the site. This report provides the following information: 1. An evaluation of the health and structural condition of all trees growing within and adjacent to the project area based on a visual inspection of external conditions. 2. An assessment of the impacts of constructing the proposed project on the trees. 3. Guidelines for tree preservation during the design, construction and maintenance phases of development. -
Ethno-Botanic Treatments for Paralysis (Falij) in the Middle East
Chinese Medicine, 2012, 3, 157-166 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/cm.2012.34025 Published Online December 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/cm) Ethno-Botanic Treatments for Paralysis (Falij) in the Middle East Aref Abu-Rabia Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel Email: [email protected] Received April 12, 2012; revised July 24, 2012; accepted August 9, 2012 ABSTRACT The goal of this paper is to describe beliefs and treatments for specific forms of Paralysis (falij) and other nervous dis- orders in the Middle East. Themes to be investigated include, the traditional medicinal practices used to treat Paralysis, as well as their curative methods using traditional herbal medicine. This paper is based on first and secondary sources; interviews with traditional healers, as well as patients who suffered from these disorders. The author found 152 plants species belonging to 58 families (see Appendix) that treat paralysis and other nervous disorders. The most significant plants species are found in the six families of herbs: Labiatae, Compositae, Umbelliferae, Papilionaceae, Liliaceae, and Solanaceae. Keywords: Paralysis; Ethno Botanic Medicine; Middle East 1. Introduction peak in the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries, and later declined during the seventeenth through the nine- The use of plant medicines in the Middle East has his- teenth centuries. Medical information grounded in Arab torical roots in Ancient Arabic medicine, which itself classical medical scholarship of the Middle Ages was was influenced by the ancient medicinal practices of gradually transferred to local traditional healers and to Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome, Persia, and India. During the general public. Arabs relied primarily on their tradi- the Umayyad rule (661-750 A.D.), translations of ancient tional medicine [2]. -
Dragon's Blood
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Journal of Ethnopharmacology 115 (2008) 361–380 Review Dragon’s blood: Botany, chemistry and therapeutic uses Deepika Gupta a, Bruce Bleakley b, Rajinder K. Gupta a,∗ a University School of Biotechnology, GGS Indraprastha University, K. Gate, Delhi 110006, India b Department of Biology & Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, USA Received 25 May 2007; received in revised form 10 October 2007; accepted 11 October 2007 Available online 22 October 2007 Abstract Dragon’s blood is one of the renowned traditional medicines used in different cultures of world. It has got several therapeutic uses: haemostatic, antidiarrhetic, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antiviral, wound healing, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, etc. Besides these medicinal applica- tions, it is used as a coloring material, varnish and also has got applications in folk magic. These red saps and resins are derived from a number of disparate taxa. Despite its wide uses, little research has been done to know about its true source, quality control and clinical applications. In this review, we have tried to overview different sources of Dragon’s blood, its source wise chemical constituents and therapeutic uses. As well as, a little attempt has been done to review the techniques used for its quality control and safety. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Dragon’s blood; Croton; Dracaena; Daemonorops; Pterocarpus; Therapeutic uses Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................... -
Cafe-Kino-Menu-January-2019.Pdf
Cafe Kino is a not-for-profit workers’ cooperative, here to serve the local community. All of our food is vegan, our meals are lovingly handmade on site and most can be ordered to take-away. Please order at the counter with your table number. Burgers Snacks Let us know if you have any allergies, including gluten Our famous burgers are handmade by us from £2.40 intolerance, when you order your food. Freshly baked vegan sausage roll organic UK grown badger beans, carrots, beetroot, Slice of farinata (gf) – Italian chickpea flour tart £2.20 Breakfast served from 10am until 1pm oats, herbs and seeds. All served in a granary bap with our own Kino mayonnaise Pitta bread with homemade hummus £3.20 Full Kino – two vegan sausages, two hash browns, £9.00 Olives (gf) in homemade marinade £2.20 garlic mushrooms, roast tomato, baked beans, Classic Kino Burger – with tangy tomato relish, £5.80 seasonal greens and granary toast fresh leaves and tomato Crisps – varieties as stocked £1.60 Small Kino – vegan sausage, hash brown, garlic £7.00 Spicy Burger – with our homemade hot chilli £5.80 mushrooms, roast tomato, baked beans and sauce, relish, salsa, fresh leaves and tomato Sides (ask for gluten free) granary toast BBQ Burger – featuring our original barbecue £5.80 Rosemary tossed hand-cut chips £2.70 – homemade with toasted coconut £3.50 sauce recipe and topped with Kino coleslaw Kino muesli Hand-cut sweet potato chips £2.70 flakes, almonds, cashews, apricots, cranberries and Satay Burger – with a rich satay peanut sauce, red £5.80 raisins. -
Bush Tucker Plant Fact Sheets
Traditional Bush Tucker Plant Fact Sheets Acknowledgements: We would like to acknowledge the traditional Noongar owners of this land and custodians of the knowledge used in these Fact Sheets. Illustrations and photos by Melinda Snowball, Deb Taborda, Amy Krupa, Pam Agar and Sian Mawson. ALGAE BUSTER Developed by SERCUL for use with the Bush Tucker Education Program. Used as food Used as medicine Used as resources Local to SW WA Caution: Do not prepare bush tucker food without having been shown by Indigenous or experienced persons. PHOSPHORUS www.sercul.org.au/our-projects/ AWARENESS PROJECT bushtucker/ Some bush tucker if eaten in large quantities or not prepared correctly can cause illness. Australian Bluebell Scientific name: Billardiera heterophylla Aboriginal name: Gumug (Noongar) Plant habit Leaf and stem Flower Fruit About ... Family PITTOSPORACEAE This plant relies on birds to eat the fruit and then Climate Temperate disperse the seeds. The seeds then germinate to produce a new plant. Habitat Open forest and woodland areas Australian bluebells are a common bushland plant Form Small shrub; twiner of the south west of Western Australia. This plant Height: up to 1.5 m has been introduced to the Eastern States, where it is considered a weed; as it forms a thick mat over the Foliage Long, leafy stems which twist around native vegetation. themselves or nearby plants Glossy green, leathery leaves The plant contains toxins which can cause nausea and Length: 50 mm skin irritation, so wear gloves if handling it. (Eurobodalla Shire Council) Flower Birak to Bunuru (Summer) but can flower all year around Intense blue Aboriginal Uses Bell-shaped Occur in clusters of two or more flowers • The fleshy blue berries can be eaten when ripe and Length: up to 10 mm are quite sweet with a soft texture Fruit Follow on from the flower Greenish-blue fruits Length: up to 20 mm Cylindrical in shape Contain many sticky seeds ALGAE BUSTER Developed by SERCUL for use with the Bush Tucker Education Program. -
A HOSPITAL PHARMACOPOEIA of THE- NINETEENTH CENTURY by S
A HOSPITAL PHARMACOPOEIA OF THE- NINETEENTH CENTURY by S. T. ANNING MATTHEWS wrote: 'The compilation of a pharmacopoeia by the physicians and the apothecaries of a hospital proved a great convenience to the many resident and con- sulting physicians treating patients there. Prescriptions in regular use for the treatment of a particular set of symptoms constituted the bulk of the formulae. Time could be saved by merely writing the name of the mixture or pills, etc., required and a supply for stock could be prepared beforehand.... As early as 1730 St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, had its own printed pharmacopoeia, and, as newly established hospitals adopted their own routines for the dispensing of the medicines ordered for their patients, so the number of hospital pharmacopoeias increased'.' At the General Infirmary at Leeds the earliest pharmacopoeia to be discovered is that of 1863. It is hand-written and the calligraphy throughout is the same but additional entries, presumably later, are in a different hand. There are marginal initialed notes which were written by T.C.A., C.G.W., J.D.H., C.B. and another which is undecipherable. The initials must be those of Thomas Clifford Allbutt,* Claudius Galen Wheelhouse** and John Deakin Heaton***. C.B. has not been identified and was certainly not on the honorary staff of the Infirmary. The marginal notes must have been made between 1864, the year of publication of the first British Pharmacopoeia and of the appointments of Allbutt and Wheelhouse to the staff of the Infirmary, and 1880 when Heaton died. In the Infirmary pharmacopoeia of 1863 there are three Aquae or medicated waters: Aqua Menthol Pip. -
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Ferula Species' Essential Oils and Plant Extracts and Their Application As the Natural Food Preservatives
South Asian Research Journal of Natural Products 4(3): 1-23, 2021; Article no.SARJNP.67706 Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Ferula Species' Essential Oils and Plant Extracts and their Application as the Natural Food Preservatives Milad Daneshniya1,2*, Mohammad Hossein Maleki1,2 , Moein Ali Mohammadi1,2, Kimia Ahangarian1, Vahid Jalali Kondeskalaei1 and Hannaneh Alavi1 1Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Qazvin Islamic Azad University, Nokhbegan Blvd., PO Box 34185-1416, Qazvin, Iran. 2Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Author MD designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Authors MHM, MAM and VJK managed the analyses of the study. Authors KA and HA managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information Editor(s): (1) Prof. Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan Hassanien, Zagazig University, Egypt. Reviewers: (1) Hiba Riyadh Al-Abodi, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq. (2) Hong Kan, Jilin Agricultural University, China. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/67706 Received 14 February 2021 Accepted 17 April 2021 Review Article Published 26 April 2021 ABSTRACT Ferula is a genus of perennial herbs in the Apiaceae family. Members of this genus are found mainly in the Mediterranean region and Central Asia, and they have a long history of utilization in traditional medicine for a variety of diseases. The species of this plant have been used for the ole- gum resin, plant extracts, and essential oils. -
Plant Exudates and Amber: Their Origin and Uses
Plant Exudates and Amber: Their Origin and Uses Jorge A. Santiago-Blay and Joseph B. Lambert lants produce and export many different some other plant pathology. In other instances, molecules out of their cellular and organ- such as in typical underground roots, exudate Pismal confines. Some of those chemicals production appears to be part of the typical become so abundant that we can see or smell metabolism of healthy plants that helps stabi- them. The most visible materials oozed by lize the soil and foster interactions with other many plants are called “exudates.” organisms around the roots. What are plant exudates? Generally, exudates Different plant tissue types and organs can are carbon-rich materials that many plants pro- produce exudates. We have collected resins and duce and release externally. When exudates are gums from the above ground portions of plants, produced, they are often sticky to human touch. or shoots, as well as from the generally below Such plant chemicals can be the visible expres- ground portion of plants, or roots. Root exuda- sion of attack by bacteria, fungi, herbivores, or tion has been known for decades and is respon- REPRODUCED WITH PERMISSION OF AMERICAN SCIENTIST Resinous exudates on a conifer. ALL PHOTOGRAPHS BY JORGE A. SANTIAGO-BLAY UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED UNLESS OTHERWISE ALL PHOTOGRAPHS BY JORGE A. SANTIAGO-BLAY Prolific white, resinous exudation is seen on a tumor- Blobs of white resin on a relatively young shoot of a like growth on the trunk of a white pine (Pinus strobus) Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii, AA accession at the Arnold Arboretum. -
SILPHION “…Multis Iam Annis in Ea Terra Non Invenitur…”
European Botanic Gardens in a Changing World: Insights into EUROGARD VI ɇȻȿɌȻɃɁ – SILPHION “…multis iam annis in ea terra non invenitur…” Monika Kiehn Department of Ancient History, Papyrology and Epigraphy, University of Vienna, Universitätsring 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria, [email protected] Keywords: historic records, botanical identification, Umbelliferae (Apiaceae), Ferula , Narthex , Thapsia , Cachrys Background “As long as many years you can’t find it at this country anymore … ” (Plin.n.h. XIX 39). This statement of Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD) refers to the ancient Silphion plant. Called laserpicium or laser by the Romans, it was a highly recognized useful plant from the Roman province of Cyrenaica (today part of Libya). It was famous as medicine and very expensive: “ ... being sold as the same rate as silver. ” (Plin.n.h. XIX 39). Pliny also tells us the reason why it is not found anymore: the farmers who hold the land there on lease considered it more profitable to bring in flocks of sheep, and, as a result of that grazing, Silphion disappeared from the Cyrenaica. Pliny also reports “ Within the time of our memory, only one single stalk has been found there, and that was sent to the Emperor Nero ” (Plin.n.h. XIX 39) . Why is this plant still so fascinating – even after 2,000 years? Silphion is the first useful plant species said to have become extinct by men. But many scientists do not want to believe that it really has gone forever and hope it might still grow somewhere hidden in Northern Africa and waits for its rediscovery.