Appendix I Sustainable Project Management (2018) Marine Impact Assessment

Yumbah Nyamat Works Approval Application October 2018 Appendix I Sustainable Project Management (2018) Marine Impact Assessment

Table of contents

1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Purpose of this report ...... 1

2. Methodology ...... 2 2.1 Marine habitat assessment ...... 2

3. The Marine Environment ...... 3 3.1 General Characteristics ...... 3 3.2 EPBC Act Protected Matters ...... 3 3.4 Victorian Biodiversity Atlas ...... 5 3.5 Marine Benthic Survey ...... 5

4. Marine Impact Assessment ...... 8 4.1 Inflow risks ...... 8 4.2 Seawater discharge risks ...... 8 4.3 Mixing zone assessment ...... 11 4.4 Risks to sensitive receptors: Ecosystem ...... 14 4.5 Risks to sensitive receptors: MNES ...... 15

5. Conclusion ...... 17 6. References ...... 18

Table index

Table 1 Transect Details ...... 2 Table 2 Protected Matters (marine species excluding bird species) ...... 3 Table 3 Transect habitat summaries ...... 6 Table 4 ANZECC & ARMCANZ (2000) guidelines for marine water quality ...... 9 Table 5 Summary statistics of water quality collected at Yumbah Narrawong November 2001-August 2018 ...... 10 Table 6 Seawater discharge configuration ...... 11 Table 7 Summary of CTV, CAMB, COUT and DMZ values derived from the existing Yumbah Narrawong abalone farm’s water quality data (GHD, 2018) ...... 12 Table 8 Extent of mixing zone...... 1 2 Table 9 Potential impacts summary: MNES ...... 15

Figure index

Figure 1 Proposed footprint of Yumbah Nyamat...... 1 Figure 2 Habitat transect locations ...... 2 Figure 3 Marine survey photos (A-H) ...... 7 Figure 4 Statistical contours for 5-fold dilution in summer (GHD, 2018) ...... 13 Figure 5 Statistical contours for 5-fold dilution in autumn (GHD, 2018) ...... 13

Appendices

Appendix A – Marine Habitat Assessment Results Appendix B – EPBC Act Protected Matters Report

Disclaimer

This report has been prepared by Sustainable Project Management Pty Ltd and may only be used and relied on by Yumbah Aquaculture Ltd for the Yumbah Nyamat Marine Impact Assessment. Sustainable Project Management Pty Ltd disclaims responsibility for any third party reliance of this report other than Yumbah Aquaculture Ltd. The report may not contain sufficient information for the purposes of other parties or for other uses. This report shall be presented in full and shall not be used to support any other objectives than those set out in Section 1.1 of this report, without written approval from Sustainable Project Management Pty Ltd.

All intellectual property rights, including copyright, in designs development and documents created by, or for, Yumbah Aquaculture Ltd remain the property of the company. Any use of such design or document without the prior written approval of Yumbah Aquaculture Ltd will constitute an infringement of the rights of the company which reserves all legal rights and remedies in respect of any such infringement.

The information, including any intellectual property, contained in this proposal is confidential and proprietary to the Company. It may only be used by the person to whom it is provided for the stated purpose for which it is provided and must not be imparted to any third person without the written approval of the Company. The Company reserves all legal rights and remedies in relation to any infringement of its rights in respect of its confidential information.

1. Introduction Yumbah Aquaculture are proposing to develop a land-based abalone aquaculture abalone farm (the Project) at Dutton Way, just east of Portland in south-western Victoria. The Project will have a 1000 tonnes/year capacity. The abalone farm will operate four large grow-out modules, utilising a seawater circulation system drawing and discharging water into the adjacent Portland Bay. The footprint of the proposed abalone farm is presented in Figure 1. Sustainable Project Management Pty Ltd was engaged by Yumbah Aquaculture to complete planning and works approval applications for the proposed Yumbah Nyamat abalone farm. As part of the environment and planning approvals application, a marine environmental impact assessment is required to determine the potential impacts of the Project on the receiving marine environment. This assessment utilises the results of both desktop and field surveys of the marine receiving environment as well as a near shore modelling assessment completed for the Project.

1.1 Purpose of this report This report has been completed with the objective to consolidate a range of sources available to present on the potential impact to the marine environment by the proposed Yumbah Nyamat abalone farm. Of particular interest is the potential impact associated with the discharge of water from the farm.

Figure 1 Proposed footprint of Yumbah Nyamat

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2. Methodology An assessment of the potential impacts of Yumbah Nyamat on the marine receiving environment was undertaken utilising the following resources:  Search of the Commonwealth EPBC Act Protected Matters Search Tool (PMST) (maintained by the Department of the Environment and Energy (DOEE)), using a 10 km buffer around the Project site.  Search of the Victorian Biodiversity Atlas  Mixing Zone Assessment of the Project’s marine outfalls  Results from a baseline marine survey undertaken by Matt Koopman of Kina Diving.  2.1 Marine habitat assessment To characterise the marine receiving environment, Kina Diving were engaged by Yumbah Aquaculture to undertake a marine habitat assessment of the area adjacent to the Project site. A series of seven video transects were undertaken at distances of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 m from shore (Figure 2). Transects were parallel to the shoreline, and depths ranged from 1.1–6.3 m. While the target length of transects was 1000 m, actual transect lengths ranged 1001–1017 m. A summary of transect location and depth is provided in Table 1.

Figure 2 Habitat transect locations

Table 1 Transect Details Transect Starting Starting Start End End End Latitude Longitude Depth Latitude Longitude Depth (m) T50 38˚ 18.028 141˚ 37.338 1.1 38˚ 18.289 141˚ 36.724 1.1 T100 38˚ 18.052 141˚ 37.364 2 38˚ 18.311 141˚ 36.753 3.6 T150 38˚ 18.078 141˚ 37.381 2.4 38˚ 18.339 141˚ 36.769 4.5 T200 38˚ 18.102 141˚ 37.398 3.3 38˚ 18.360 141˚ 36.787 4.9 T250 38˚ 18.126 141˚ 37.416 3.6 38˚ 18.385 141˚ 36.805 5.3 T300 38˚ 18.152 141˚ 37.431 3.9 38˚ 18.408 141˚ 36.826 5.8

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3. The Marine Environment 3.1 General Characteristics The marine receiving environment the proposed Yumbah Nyamat abalone farm is part of the Otway Marine Bioregion (Barton et al, 2012), which commences at Cape Jaffa in South Australia and extends to Apollo Bay in Victoria. Portland Bay is a semi-enclosed embayment directly connected to the highly dynamic and energy intensive Southern Ocean. Waves in Portland Bay are generally ocean swell generated in the Southern Ocean and across the Great Australian Bight. Under current conditions, the significant wave height in deep water can exceed 10m, and the highest individual waves can exceed 20m in height. The foreshore area and coastal Crown land along the Dutton Way/Henty Bay shoreline have been subject to considerable shoreline changes due to the Port of Portland breakwater construction in the 1950s. The shoreline suffered inundation by the ocean by up to 200m, at the worst location, before ad-hoc seawalls were constructed by owners of foreshore properties (Water Technology, 2018). No Marine National Parks or Marine Sanctuaries occur within 10 km of Yumbah Nyamat, with the closest marine protected area being the Discovery Bay Marine National Park located to the east of Portland. 3.2 EPBC Act Protected Matters The Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) provides a legal framework to protect and manage nationally and internationally important flora, fauna, ecological communities and heritage plans, defined as matters of national environmental significance. The search of Protected Matters Report was completed within a 10 km radius to understand the potential impacts of the proposed Yumbah Nyamat abalone farm. The outcomes of the search are provided in full in Appendix B. For this assessment, only marine Matters of National Environmental Significance (MNES) have been reported. Table 2 summarises the marine species that are mapped in the database as known to occur or have the potential to occur within the project area known to be vulnerable or endangered. Birds have not been included in the list as they are unlikely to be significantly impacted by the marine discharge from Yumbah Nyamat.

Table 2 Protected Matters (marine species excluding bird species)

Name Species Status Type of Presence Name

Australian Prototroctes Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to Grayling maraena occur within area

Sei Whale Balaenoptera Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour borealis known to occur within area

Blue Whale Balaenoptera Endangered Foraging, feeding or related behaviour musculus known to occur within area

Fin Whale Balaenoptera Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour physalus known to occur within area

Southern Right Eubalaena Endangered Species or species habitat known to Whale australis occur within area

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Name Species Status Type of Presence Name

Humpback Megaptera Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to Whale novaeangliae occur within area

Australian Sea Neophoca Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to Lion cinerea occur within area

Loggerhead Caretta caretta Endangered Breeding likely to occur within area Turtle

Green Turtle Chelonia Vulnerable Breeding likely to occur within area mydas

Leatherback Dermochelys Endangered Breeding likely to occur within area Turtle coriacea

Great White Carcharodon Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour Shark carcharias known to occur within area

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3.4 Victorian Biodiversity Atlas A search of the Victorian Biodiversity Atlas was undertaken with a 5 km buffer around the Project site. The results of the search show a variety of common temperate marine invertebrate and fish species. Several species of marine mammal have also been observed in the area, including:  Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus)  Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis)  Southern Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)  Bryde's Whale (Balaenoptera edeni)  Pygmy Right Whale (Caperea marginata)  Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx)  Common bottle-nosed dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)  Short-beaked Common Dolphin (Delphinus delphis)  3.5 Marine Benthic Survey A summary of the results from the marine benthic survey is presented in Table 3 with further detailed information provided in Appendix A. The habitat along the transect lengths was found to be generally dominated by Amphibolis seagrass beds, interspersed with bare sands. Occasional patches of reef and red and brown algae were also noted along the transects. Characteristics of the marine habitat is presented in Figure 3. Common fauna included various sponges and ascidians, greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) and various common fish species, including the bluethroat wrasse (Notolabrus tetricus). The area may also provide habitat for Syngnathidae spp.

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Table 3 Transect habitat summaries Transect Habitat Summary T50 Habitat in the transect T50 comprised more than 70% bare sand and nearly 20% Amphibolis (Figure 3‐A). Some red and brown algaes were observed along the transect including Cystophera sp. The only animal observed along the transect was a single undifferentiated Stingaree from the Family Urolophidae (Figure 3 1‐B).

T100 About 50% of the habitat in T100 was bare sand, 31% was Amphibolis and 9% was Amphibolis with red and brown algaes. Brown algae observed included Scaberia agardhii, potentially Seirococcus axillaris and Cystophera sp. Green and red algae were observed along with a gastropod (potentially Family Turbinidae) and an undifferentiated Monacanthid fish. T150 Nearly half of T150 was covered by Amphibolis, 35% was bare sand and 7% was Amphibolis, red, green and brown algae on low relief reef and sand. Five greenlip abalone were observed along T150, along with three fish species: Haletta semifasciata, Notolabrus tetricus and Parma victoriae. An ascidian (potentially Herdmania momus) and a sponge (potentially Tethya sp) were also seen. Green algae observed included Caulerpa sp. And the brown algaes included Scytothalia sp. and Cystophera sp.. T200 Coverage of Amphibolis and bare sand in T200 were similar to those in T100. Brown algaes observed included Scytothalia sp., Cystophera sp., Scaberia agardhii and Macrocystis sp.. Nine Greenlip Abalone (Figure 3‐F) were observed along the transect along with the fish: Dactylophora nigricans, Notolabrus tetricus (Figure 3‐ E), Parma victoriae and Trygonorrhina fasciata. T250 A total of 54% of the length of T250 was Amphibolis and 36% bare sand (Table 2). Two fish species Parma victoriae and genus Pseudophycis (likely P. bachus) and ascidean (potentially Herdmania momus) were observed. A member of the Family Zosteraceae (likely Heterozostera tasmanica), the brown algaes Scytothalia sp., Cystophera sp., Scaberia agardhii, Macrocystis sp. and the green algae Caulerpa sp. were also noted. T300 In line with a general trend of increasing cover of Amphibolis with depth, 57% of the length of T300 was Amphibolis, and 26% bare sand. The bluespotted goatfish (Upeneichthys vlamingii) and an ascidian (potentially Herdmania momus) were the only animals identified along the transect. A member of the Family Zosteraceae (likely Heterozostera tasmanica) was also observed along T300 (Figure 3‐G).

T350 T350 had the least cover of bare sand (18%) and 64% of its length was Amphibolis. Two greenlip abalone (Figure 3‐H) were observed along the transect along with an ascidian (potentially Herdmania momus) and the teleost Notolabrus tetricus. A member of the Family Zosteraceae was also seen along T350.

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A B

C D

E F

G H

Figure 3 Marine survey photos (A-H) A) Dense Amphibolis with epiphytes along T50; B) the undifferentiated Urolophid along T50; C) Amphibolis and boulders along T100; D) brown, red and green algae along T150; E) the Bluethroat Wrasse (Notolabrus tetricus) along T200; F) Greenlip abalone along T200; G) Heterozostera sp. along T300; H) Greenlip Abalone and the Bluethroat Wrasse (Notolabrus tetricus) along T350.

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4. Marine Impact Assessment The proposed Yumbah Nyamat will feature the following key components associated with abalone farming:  Breeding and hatchery  Grow-out tanks  Harvest and processing facilities  Seawater in-flow and outflow pipelines With respect to the marine environment, there are two main processes that have the potential to influence and impact the marine environment, namely the seawater inflow and outflow, and the associated piping infrastructure that will be constructed as part of the Yumbah Nyamat abalone farm. The potential risks to the marine environment from Yumbah Nyamat are presented in further detail in the following sections.

4.1 Inflow risks Twenty intake pipelines will be laid through the seabed and extend a maximum of 408 m from the coastal foreshore. The pipe lengths will finish approximately 5-6 m depth of water. Seawater intake rates will be approximately 3000 L/s per pipeline. Without adequate mitigation, seawater pumping poses a risk to marine fauna through entrainment, entrapment or impingement on screening material.

Through the use of planned mitigation such as intake screens to reduce the exposure velocity to marine fauna, risks to species will be minimised.

4.2 Seawater discharge risks Seawater will be discharged from Yumbah Nyamat via eight discharge pipelines across three easements. Two easements will each contain two pipes, with the third eastern-most easement having four pipes, extending to a maximum length of 213 m offshore. Each easement will be responsible for discharging wastewater from one grow-out module and settlement chamber. Discharge depths of the effluent outflows will range from 2-4 m, , with each pipe easement being 40 to 50 m apart. The discharge quality has been estimated based on Yumbah Aquaculture’s currently operating Yumbah Narrawong abalone farm, 6 km to the east of Nyamat. Waste produced from the abalone along with any excess feed in the system has the potential to result in elevated nutrient levels in the discharge water. The effluent will contain elevated levels of nitrogenous and phosphoric compounds including ammonia, which are the contaminants of potential concern. Other common potential contaminants associated with abalone farming include prophylactic chemicals such as antibiotics and anaesthetics. However, in the last 10 years, Yumbah has not used antibiotics and it is considered that the use of antibiotics by Yumbah is highly unlikely and as such have not been considered as a potential contaminant of concern for the Project’s effluent. Water quality at Yumbah Narrawong has been monitored on a quarterly basis since the farm was established in 2000. Samples are routinely collected from three discharge locations and tested by NATA registered laboratories. Results collected since 2001 indicate that during normal operation, discharge water quality is largely within existing EPA licence discharge limits and well below ANZECC and ARMCANZ water quality criteria (Table 4). Summary statistics of data collected from November 2001 to August 2018 are presented in Table 5.

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Table 4 ANZECC & ARMCANZ (2000) guidelines for marine water quality Guideline Protection Level Indicator concentration (mg/L) NHx TP TN SS Default low-risk trigger value for slightly 0.015 0.025 0.12 NA disturbed marine ecosystems in south-east Australia Aquaculture protection guideline for saltwater 0.1 NA NA 10 production Toxicant trigger value for marine water for 99% 0.5 NA NA NA level species protection

Measured water quality parameters are dependent on complex chemical and biological interactions and are subject to natural fluctuations. Average discharge concentrations of nutrients and suspended solids overwhelmingly follow the natural variability in the inlet water, with only modest increases generally well within the limits set by the EPA licence. In the past, isolated spikes have led to infrequent instances of non-compliance. Water extracted from Portland Bay often contains large quantities of sand particularly during and following weather events. This sand makes its way through Yumbah Narrawong’s tank and drain network, ultimately contributing to a significant proportion of suspended solids in the discharge water.

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Table 5 Summary statistics of water quality collected at Yumbah Narrawong November 2001-August 2018 Site Sampling Statistic NHx-N D.O. pH TN TP SS period (mg/L) (%) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

Ocean 2001- Max 0.125 130.1 8.2 1.40 0.530 37.0 inlet 2018 Min 0 77.7 6.6 0 0 0 Median 0.010 100.6 8.095 0.245 0.030 3.25 20th percentile 0 94.7 7.9 0.11 0.010 0 80th percentile 0.020 110.8 8.1 0.40 0.040 7.20 Pond 1 2001- Max 0.200 128.8 8.2 2.20 0.810 40.0 inlet 2016 Min 0.000 67.7 7.4 0 0 0 Median 0.040 92.1 8.0 0.31 0.040 4.65 20th percentile 0.015 83.5 7.9 0.19 0.020 2.92 80th percentile 0.070 104.3 8.1 0.52 0.080 7.70 Pond 1 2001- Max 0.200 127.7 8.2 1.30 0.670 70.0 outlet 2018 Min 0 57.8 6.6 0 0 0 Median 0.055 88.9 7.9 0.35 0.040 4.10 20th percentile 0.030 79.9 7.8 0.24 0.020 2.94 80th percentile 0.083 100.3 8.0 0.64 0.060 6.86 Pond 2 2002- Max 0.450 138.8 8.2 1.30 1.500 45.0 inlet 2016 Min 0.005 61.4 7.6 0 0 0 Median 0.040 92.3 8.0 0.30 0.050 5.20 20th percentile 0.015 82.4 7.9 0.14 0.020 2.50 80th percentile 0.065 102.5 8.1 0.49 0.120 9.90 Pond 2 2002- Max 0.650 116.8 8.2 1.00 1.000 60.0 outlet 2018 Min 0.005 57.3 6.6 0 0 0 Median 0.070 83.4 7.9 0.36 0.050 4.30 20th percentile 0.040 74.0 7.8 0.22 0.020 2.70 80th percentile 0.110 97.2 8.0 0.56 0.090 7.68 Pond 3 2016- Max 0.530 97.8 8.1 1.00 0.390 15.0 (SEC) 2018 Min 0 83 6.7 0.08 0.020 0 inlet Median 0.090 89.8 7.9 0.40 0.039 4.00 20th percentile 0.027 89.22 7.7 0.30 0.027 3.16 80th percentile 0.152 92.4 7.96 0.56 0.116 5.00 Pond 3 2016- Max 0.260 97.3 8.0 1.00 0.150 13.0 (SEC) 2018 Min 0 90 7.5 0.29 0.020 0 outlet Median 0.08 92 7.9 0.40 0.040 4.00 20th percentile 0.048 90.9 7.8 0.31 0.031 2.00 80th percentile 0.138 92.8 8.0 0.60 0.089 6.00 EPA Licence Minimum 90 7 Requirements Annual 0.1 0.2 0.1 5 Median Maximum 0.2 9 0.4 0.2 8 Yumbah Nyamat’s discharge water will be consistent with water quality criteria at Yumbah Narrawong. Nyamat’s grow-out modules are based on the Yumbah Narrawong farm configuration, with comparable tank flow rates, stocking densities and feeding regime.

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4.3 Mixing zone assessment As stated in EPA Publication 1344 (June 2010), a mixing zone is an area with explicitly defined boundaries where water quality or biological indicators may not be met, but beyond which objectives must be met. A far field mixing assessment was undertaken for the predicted effluent discharge using current data collected at Yumbah Narrawong between 2001 and 2018 and applying this to the proposed site (GHD 2018). The results were modelled on Nyamat wastewater discharged being discharged from the pipeline configurations outlined in Table 6, consistent with Yumbah Narrawong concentrations.

Table 6 Seawater discharge configuration

Easement Location Pipe configuration

E1 Western discharge easement 2 x 1000 mm diameter pipes Landward - Intersects foreshore Staggered distances between 112 m to Crown land 163 m offshore Seaward – Coastal Crown land

E2 Central discharge easement 2 x 1000 mm diameter pipes Landward - Intersects Freehold Staggered distances between 128 m to land, owned by Yumbah 190 m offshore

Seaward – Coastal Crown land

E3 Eastern discharge easement 4 x 1000 mm diameter pipes

Landward - Foreshore Crown land Staggered distances between 157 m to 238 m offshore Seaward – Coastal Crown land

Nearly 20 years of water quality data collected from Yumbah Narrawong measured at the inlet and outlets were used to determine the required dilution of Nyamat wastewater at the edge of the mixing zone to achieve the 80th percentile concentrations of ambient marine waters or ANZECC & ARMCANZ (2000) specified trigger values for total nitrogen, total phosphorous, suspended solids and ammonia. The dilution at the edge of the mixing zone (DMZ) was calculated with a summary of the results in Table 7 for potential risks to the marine ecosystem (nutrient enrichment), marine toxicity and aquaculture. The adopted dilution target to define the spatial extent of the mixing zone is 5.0-fold for potential nutrient enrichment effects by NHx. The median outlet water concentrations from the existing Yumbah Narrawong abalone farm for NHx and VSS are less than the relevant ANZECC & ARMCANZ (2000) trigger values for marine toxicity and aquaculture. Extent of water mixing to achieve the 5-fold dilution of NHx is presented in Table 8. The resultant concentration probability contours (from GHD 2018) are shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5

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Table 7 Summary of CTV, CAMB, COUT and DMZ values derived from the existing Yumbah Narrawong abalone farm’s water quality data (GHD, 2018)

DMZ - dilution at the edge of the mixing zone; CTV - Relevant site-specific trigger values (80th percentile concentrations of ambient marine waters or ANZECC & ARMCANZ (2000) specified trigger values; COUT - median outlet water concentration; CAMB - median ambient marine waters concentration. Table 8 Extent of mixing zone

Frequency of dilution Extent Summer (m) Autumn (m) achieved

99th percentile SW 800 600

NE 900 1400

Offshore 800 900

95th percentile SW 250 350

NE 400 600

Offshore 300 400

90th percentile SW 125 150

NE 250 300

Offshore 150 200

80th percentile SW <50 <50

NE 50 100

Offshore 50 100

50th percentile 20

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Figure 4 Statistical contours for 5-fold dilution in summer (GHD, 2018)

Figure 5 Statistical contours for 5-fold dilution in autumn (GHD, 2018)

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The 5-fold dilution (as required for NHx) contours achieving the mixing zone for NHx extends between 600 – 1400 m along shore in either direction from the proposed outfall. However the 50th percentile contour is significantly smaller, limited to within 20 m of the discharge points during warmer months. The outcomes of the mixing zone modelling report were:

 A traditional mixing zone based on acute or chronic toxicant effects on environmental receptors and saltwater production should not be applied to Yumbah Nyamat, as the concentrations of TN, TP, VSS and NHx are well below ANZECC & ARMCANZ (2000) toxicant and saltwater aquaculture production trigger guidelines.

 NHX is the key mixing zone parameter with a criterion of 5 fold dilution of outlet waters with the receiving ambient marine waters at the edge of the mixing zone. This 5 fold dilution requirement at the edge of the mixing zone defines the areal extent of potential modest nutrient enrichment risks from the discharge of the aquaculture abalone farm’s outlet waters. Eutrophication of a marine environment can result in a range of impacts to the ecosystem from increased biological production. The results suggest there is a minor eutrophication risk from the marine discharge, although this is expected to be limited in spatial extent given the contour arrangements seen in the above figures. Elevated dissolved oxygen, increased water transparency and minimising nitrogen loads into a marine environment all contribute to reducing phytoplankton biomass. Melbourne Waters’ zone of influence from nutrient loading is concentrated in a few hundred metres from the outfalls.

One of the most significant potential impacts as a result of eutrophication is the increased potential for algal (phytoplankton) blooms to occur. Chemical growth requirements for phytoplankton are in line with the Redfield ratio of 106C:16N:1P. Within marine environments, nitrogen is generally the limiting nutrient controlling growth rates. Excess concentrations promote the eutrophic conditions and excess algal growth Algal blooms can impact the ecosystem through a number of pathways, including deleterious effects of toxins produced by phytoplankton, physical obstructions to marine fauna respiratory systems and through the depletion of oxygen levels in the environment. Toxins produced from blooms have the potential to harm a variety of marine organisms, including marine mammals, seabirds and fish. Humans can also be exposed to the toxins through consumption of filter feeding marine organisms such as oysters. Given the exposed location of the outfall and the relatively low levels of other nitrogenous compounds in the effluent, areas at risk of algal blooms occurring as a result of the localised increase in NHx concentrations would be limited to the higher probability contours in Figure 4. Another potential risk of eutrophication is the potential impacts of epiphytic algal growth on seagrass meadows, which are extensive in the receiving environment (Amphibolis). Again the actual risk areas of epiphytic growth would be expected to be limited to areas directly adjacent to the outfalls where NHx concentrations would remain highest.

4.4 Risks to sensitive receptors: Ecosystem Given the risks of localised eutrophication, the areas of ecosystem most at risk are the sessile fauna and marine flora present in the areas directly adjacent to the outfalls, specifically:

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 Seagrass meadows are known to be sensitive to eutrophication and would be at risk of deterioration in the areas adjacent to the outfalls, if appropriate engineering configurations and controls are not applied to the discharge pipe alignments.  Algal growth may increase in the areas of higher nutrient load around the discharge points, potentially smothering existing habitats. The risks identified above would be expected to occur at a relatively small spatial scale in relation to the larger contours observed in the modelling figures (Figure 4), as eutrophication effects would be expected to occur only in those areas constantly exposed to elevated nitrogenous compounds (i.e. the >50th percentile areas of Figure 4).

4.5 Risks to sensitive receptors: MNES The likely risks of significant impact (as defined under the EPBC Act) to the MNES groups identified in the Protected Matters database search from the Project are outlined in Table 2. The table shows that as all species identified are highly mobile, and exposure to any eutrophication effects for periods long enough to cause acute or chronic effects would be highly unlikely.

Table 9 Potential impacts summary: MNES

Name Status VBA Potential Impacts Present

Australian Grayling Vulnerable Given this is a highly motile species, it is unlikely to be exposed to effects of Prototroctes maraena eutrophication for any extended periods and hence can be considered at low risk of significant impact.

Sei Whale Vulnerable  A variety of whale species have been or observed in the direct vicinity of the project Blue Whale Endangered location and may enter the shallower waters Fin Whale around the outfall location. Given these Southern Right species are relatively motile, exposure to Whale effects of eutrophication for any extended periods would be unlikely and hence the Humpback Whale potential for significant impact to any whale species is considered low.

Australian Sea Lion Vulnerable This species may pass through the outfall location from time to time, but given it is a Neophoca cinerea highly mobile species, would be unlikely to be exposed to the effects of eutrophication for significant periods and hence can be considered at low risk of being significantly impacted.

Loggerhead Turtle Vulnerable The project location is not a known turtle or hatchery or feeding ground, however turtles Green Turtle Endangered could be present from time to time. Given they Leatherback Turtle are highly motile they are unlikely to be exposed to the effects of eutrophication for

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Name Status VBA Potential Impacts Present

significant periods and hence can be considered at low risk of being significantly impacted.

Great White Shark Vulnerable This species could enter the area at risk of eutrophication, however given the high motility Carcharodon of this species, exposure to effects of carcharias eutrophication for significant periods would be unlikely to occur. The specie would be at a low risk of being significantly impacted.

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5. Conclusion The marine environment adjacent to the proposed Yumbah Nyamat abalone farm is in a healthy condition with extensive areas of Amphibolis seagrass present. The Yumbah Nyamat abalone farm will discharge seawater with slightly elevated levels of nutrients with respect to receiving environment concentrations. Risks of the discharge are associated with potential eutrophication of the receiving environment and increased algal growth and prevalence of drift algae. Overall, impacts would be expected to be localised in nature and unlikely to have any significant adverse impacts. The risk of significant impacts occurring to MNES are considered low, with all species predicted or known to occur in the wider area being sufficiently mobile to avoid risk of long-term exposure to the effects of eutrophication.

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6. References ANZECC 2000, Australian Water Quality Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Waters, Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, Kingston. Barton, J., Pope, A. and S. Howe (2012) Marine Natural Values Study Vol 2: Marine Protected Areas of the Otway Bioregion. Parks Victoria Technical Series No. 75. Parks Victoria, Melbourne. EPA Publication 1344 Guidance for the determination and assessment of mixing zones. https://www.epa.vic.gov.au/~/media/Publications/1344.pdf GHD 2018. Yumbah Aquaculture – Narrawong: Nyamat – Planning & Works Approval – Mixing Zone Prediction. August 2018.

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Appendix A – Marine Habitat Assessment Results

Total distance (m) along each transect and percent distance along each transect of habitat types

T50 T100 T150 T200 T250 T300 T350 Amphibolis 195 (19.4%) 314 (31.3%) 499 (49.7%) 481 (48.0%) 543 (54.1%) 570 (56.9%) 641 (63.9%) Amphibolis and brown algae 34 (3.4%) 10 (1.0%) 35 (3.5%) 49 (4.9%) Amphibolis and green and brown algae 18 (1.8%) 7 (0.7%) Amphibolis and red and brown algae 93 (9.3%) 27 (2.7%) 55 (5.5%) 20 (2.0%) 3 (0.3%) Amphibolis, red, green and brown algae on boulders 10 (1.0%) Amphibolis, red, green and brown algae on low relief reef 4 (0.4%) 73 (7.3%) 52 (5.2%) 10 (1.0%) 104 (10.3%) 28 (2.8%) and sand Boulders and brown algae 18 (1.8%) Boulders and brown and red algae 6 (0.6%) Brown algae 5 (0.5%) 8 (0.8%) 25 (2.5%) Brown and red algae 45 (4.5%) 3 (0.3%) 11 (1.1%) 8 (0.8%) 14 (1.4%) Drift algae 2 (0.2%) 6 (0.6%) 17 (1.7%) High relief reef and brown algae 49 (4.9%) Low relief reef, sand with Amphibolis and brown algae 6 (0.6%) Low relief reef, sand with Amphibolis, red and brown algae 48 (4.7%) 8 (0.8%) 37 (3.7%) 43 (4.2%) Low relief reef, sand with red and brown algae 4 (0.4%) 5 (0.5%) 16 (1.6%) Low relief reef, sand with red and green algae 3 (0.3%) Low relief reef, sand with red, green and brown algae 12 (1.2%) 4 (0.4%) 10 (1.0%) Medium relief reef with brown, red and green algae 9 (0.9%) Sand 730 (72.8%) 501 (49.9%) 349 (34.7%) 351 (34.9%) 364 (36.3%) 257 (25.6%) 182 (18.1%) Sand and brown algae 14 (1.4%) Sand and brown, red and green algae 12 (1.2%) Sand and low profile reef 14 (1.4%)

Observations of species of note along each transect. Note that no physical specimens were taken, so identifications (particularly of algae) have not been confirmed

20 | Page Yumbah Nyamat Marine Impact Assessment

Appendix B – EPBC Act Protected Matters Report

EPBC Act Protected Matters Report

This report provides general guidance on matters of national environmental significance and other matters protected by the EPBC Act in the area you have selected.

Information on the coverage of this report and qualifications on data supporting this report are contained in the caveat at the end of the report.

Information is available about Environment Assessments and the EPBC Act including significance guidelines, forms and application process details.

Report created: 11/10/18 09:45:28

Summary Details Matters of NES Other Matters Protected by the EPBC Act Extra Information Caveat Acknowledgements

This map may contain data which are ©Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia), ©PSMA 2010

Coordinates Buffer: 10.0Km

Summary

Matters of National Environmental Significance

This part of the report summarises the matters of national environmental significance that may occur in, or may relate to, the area you nominated. Further information is available in the detail part of the report, which can be accessed by scrolling or following the links below. If you are proposing to undertake an activity that may have a significant impact on one or more matters of national environmental significance then you should consider the Administrative Guidelines on Significance.

World Heritage Properties: None National Heritage Places: None Wetlands of International Importance: None Great Barrier Reef Marine Park: None Commonwealth Marine Area: 1 Listed Threatened Ecological Communities: 3 Listed Threatened Species: 66 Listed Migratory Species: 50

Other Matters Protected by the EPBC Act

This part of the report summarises other matters protected under the Act that may relate to the area you nominated. Approval may be required for a proposed activity that significantly affects the environment on Commonwealth land, when the action is outside the Commonwealth land, or the environment anywhere when the action is taken on Commonwealth land. Approval may also be required for the Commonwealth or Commonwealth agencies proposing to take an action that is likely to have a significant impact on the environment anywhere.

The EPBC Act protects the environment on Commonwealth land, the environment from the actions taken on Commonwealth land, and the environment from actions taken by Commonwealth agencies. As heritage values of a place are part of the 'environment', these aspects of the EPBC Act protect the Commonwealth Heritage values of a Commonwealth Heritage place. Information on the new heritage laws can be found at http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage

A permit may be required for activities in or on a Commonwealth area that may affect a member of a listed threatened species or ecological community, a member of a listed migratory species, whales and other cetaceans, or a member of a listed marine species.

Commonwealth Land: 1 Commonwealth Heritage Places: None Listed Marine Species: 88 Whales and Other Cetaceans: 13 Critical Habitats: None Commonwealth Reserves Terrestrial: None Australian Marine Parks: None

Extra Information

This part of the report provides information that may also be relevant to the area you have nominated.

State and Territory Reserves: 10 Regional Forest Agreements: 1 Invasive Species: 28 Nationally Important Wetlands: None Key Ecological Features (Marine) 1

Details

Matters of National Environmental Significance Commonwealth Marine Area [ Resource Information ] Approval is required for a proposed activity that is located within the Commonwealth Marine Area which has, will have, or is likely to have a significant impact on the environment. Approval may be required for a proposed action taken outside the Commonwealth Marine Area but which has, may have or is likely to have a significant impact on the environment in the Commonwealth Marine Area. Generally the Commonwealth Marine Area stretches from three nautical miles to two hundred nautical miles from the coast.

Name EEZ and Territorial Sea

Marine Regions [ Resource Information ] If you are planning to undertake action in an area in or close to the Commonwealth Marine Area, and a marine bioregional plan has been prepared for the Commonwealth Marine Area in that area, the marine bioregional plan may inform your decision as to whether to refer your proposed action under the EPBC Act.

Name South-east

Listed Threatened Ecological Communities [ Resource Information ] For threatened ecological communities where the distribution is well known, maps are derived from recovery plans, State vegetation maps, remote sensing imagery and other sources. Where threatened ecological community distributions are less well known, existing vegetation maps and point location data are used to produce indicative distribution maps. Name Status Type of Presence Grassy Eucalypt Woodland of the Victorian Volcanic Critically Endangered Community known to occur Plain within area Natural Temperate Grassland of the Victorian Volcanic Critically Endangered Community may occur Plain within area Subtropical and Temperate Coastal Saltmarsh Vulnerable Community likely to occur within area Listed Threatened Species [ Resource Information ] Name Status Type of Presence Birds Botaurus poiciloptilus Australasian Bittern [1001] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris canutus Red Knot, Knot [855] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper [856] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (south-eastern) [25982] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Name Status Type of Presence Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross [89223] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea sanfordi Northern Royal Albatross [64456] Endangered Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Halobaena caerulea Blue Petrel [1059] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot [744] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Limosa lapponica baueri Bar-tailed Godwit (baueri), Western Alaskan Bar-tailed Vulnerable Species or species habitat Godwit [86380] may occur within area

Limosa lapponica menzbieri Northern Siberian Bar-tailed Godwit, Bar-tailed Godwit Critically Endangered Species or species habitat (menzbieri) [86432] may occur within area

Macronectes giganteus Southern Giant-Petrel, Southern Giant Petrel [1060] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Macronectes halli Northern Giant Petrel [1061] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Neophema chrysogaster Orange-bellied Parrot [747] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Numenius madagascariensis Eastern Curlew, Far Eastern Curlew [847] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Pachyptila turtur subantarctica Fairy Prion (southern) [64445] Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Pedionomus torquatus Plains-wanderer [906] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Phoebetria fusca Sooty Albatross [1075] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera Gould's Petrel, Australian Gould's Petrel [26033] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Pterodroma mollis Soft-plumaged Petrel [1036] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Rostratula australis Australian Painted-snipe, Australian Painted Snipe Endangered Species or species habitat [77037] likely to occur within area

Sternula nereis nereis Australian Fairy Tern [82950] Vulnerable Breeding likely to occur within area Thalassarche bulleri Buller's Albatross, Pacific Albatross [64460] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche bulleri platei Northern Buller's Albatross, Pacific Albatross Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or

Name Status Type of Presence [82273] related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche cauta cauta Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross [82345] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche cauta steadi White-capped Albatross [82344] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche chrysostoma Grey-headed Albatross [66491] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Thalassarche impavida Campbell Albatross, Campbell Black-browed Albatross Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related [64459] behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche melanophris Black-browed Albatross [66472] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Thalassarche salvini Salvin's Albatross [64463] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thinornis rubricollis rubricollis Hooded Plover (eastern) [66726] Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Crustaceans Euastacus bispinosus Glenelg Spiny Freshwater Crayfish, Pricklyback Endangered Species or species habitat [81552] likely to occur within area

Fish Galaxiella pusilla Eastern Dwarf Galaxias, Dwarf Galaxias [56790] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Nannoperca obscura Yarra Pygmy Perch [26177] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Prototroctes maraena Australian Grayling [26179] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Frogs Litoria raniformis Growling Grass Frog, Southern Bell Frog, Green and Vulnerable Species or species habitat Golden Frog, Warty Swamp Frog [1828] likely to occur within area

Mammals Antechinus minimus maritimus Swamp Antechinus (mainland) [83086] Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Name Status Type of Presence area Eubalaena australis Southern Right Whale [40] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Isoodon obesulus obesulus Southern Brown Bandicoot (eastern), Southern Brown Endangered Species or species habitat Bandicoot (south-eastern) [68050] known to occur within area

Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback Whale [38] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Miniopterus orianae bassanii Southern Bent-wing Bat [87645] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Neophoca cinerea Australian Sea-lion, Australian Sea Lion [22] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Potorous tridactylus tridactylus Long-nosed Potoroo (SE mainland) [66645] Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Pseudomys fumeus Smoky Mouse, Konoom [88] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Pseudomys shortridgei Heath Mouse, Dayang, Heath Rat [77] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed Flying-fox [186] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour may occur within area Plants Amphibromus fluitans River Swamp Wallaby-grass, Floating Swamp Vulnerable Species or species habitat Wallaby-grass [19215] likely to occur within area

Caladenia hastata Melblom's Spider-orchid [16118] Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Glycine latrobeana Clover Glycine, Purple Clover [13910] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Ixodia achillaeoides subsp. arenicola Sand Ixodia, Ixodia [21474] Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Prasophyllum frenchii Maroon Leek-orchid, Slaty Leek-orchid, Stout Leek- Endangered Species or species habitat orchid, French's Leek-orchid, Swamp Leek-orchid likely to occur within area [9704] Prasophyllum spicatum Dense Leek-orchid [55146] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Pterostylis chlorogramma Green-striped Greenhood [56510] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Pterostylis cucullata Leafy Greenhood [15459] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Taraxacum cygnorum Coast Dandelion [2508] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur

Name Status Type of Presence within area Thelymitra epipactoides Metallic Sun-orchid [11896] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Xerochrysum palustre Swamp Everlasting, Swamp Paper Daisy [76215] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Reptiles Caretta caretta Loggerhead Turtle [1763] Endangered Breeding likely to occur within area Chelonia mydas Green Turtle [1765] Vulnerable Breeding likely to occur within area Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth [1768] Endangered Breeding likely to occur within area Sharks Carcharodon carcharias White Shark, Great White Shark [64470] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour known to occur within area Listed Migratory Species [ Resource Information ] * Species is listed under a different scientific name on the EPBC Act - Threatened Species list. Name Threatened Type of Presence Migratory Marine Birds Apus pacificus Fork-tailed Swift [678] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Ardenna carneipes Flesh-footed Shearwater, Fleshy-footed Shearwater Foraging, feeding or related [82404] behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea antipodensis Antipodean Albatross [64458] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea epomophora Southern Royal Albatross [89221] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross [89223] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea sanfordi Northern Royal Albatross [64456] Endangered Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Macronectes giganteus Southern Giant-Petrel, Southern Giant Petrel [1060] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Macronectes halli Northern Giant Petrel [1061] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Phoebetria fusca Sooty Albatross [1075] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Sternula albifrons Little Tern [82849] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Thalassarche bulleri Buller's Albatross, Pacific Albatross [64460] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely

Name Threatened Type of Presence to occur within area Thalassarche cauta Tasmanian Shy Albatross [89224] Vulnerable* Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche chrysostoma Grey-headed Albatross [66491] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Thalassarche salvini Salvin's Albatross [64463] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche steadi White-capped Albatross [64462] Vulnerable* Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Migratory Marine Species Balaena glacialis australis Southern Right Whale [75529] Endangered* Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Balaenoptera borealis Sei Whale [34] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour known to occur within area Balaenoptera musculus Blue Whale [36] Endangered Foraging, feeding or related behaviour known to occur within area Balaenoptera physalus Fin Whale [37] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour known to occur within area Caperea marginata Pygmy Right Whale [39] Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Carcharodon carcharias White Shark, Great White Shark [64470] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour known to occur within area Caretta caretta Loggerhead Turtle [1763] Endangered Breeding likely to occur within area Chelonia mydas Green Turtle [1765] Vulnerable Breeding likely to occur within area Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth [1768] Endangered Breeding likely to occur within area Lagenorhynchus obscurus Dusky Dolphin [43] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Lamna nasus Porbeagle, Mackerel Shark [83288] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback Whale [38] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Orcinus orca Killer Whale, Orca [46] Species or species

Name Threatened Type of Presence habitat likely to occur within area Migratory Terrestrial Species Hirundapus caudacutus White-throated Needletail [682] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Motacilla flava Yellow Wagtail [644] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin Flycatcher [612] Breeding known to occur within area Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous Fantail [592] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Migratory Wetlands Species Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper [59309] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone [872] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed Sandpiper [874] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris alba Sanderling [875] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris canutus Red Knot, Knot [855] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper [856] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris melanotos Pectoral Sandpiper [858] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris ruficollis Red-necked Stint [860] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Charadrius bicinctus Double-banded Plover [895] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Gallinago hardwickii Latham's Snipe, Japanese Snipe [863] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed Godwit [844] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Numenius madagascariensis Eastern Curlew, Far Eastern Curlew [847] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Pandion haliaetus Osprey [952] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Pluvialis fulva Pacific Golden Plover [25545] Species or species

Name Threatened Type of Presence habitat known to occur within area Tringa glareola Wood Sandpiper [829] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank, Greenshank [832] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Other Matters Protected by the EPBC Act Commonwealth Land [ Resource Information ] The Commonwealth area listed below may indicate the presence of Commonwealth land in this vicinity. Due to the unreliability of the data source, all proposals should be checked as to whether it impacts on a Commonwealth area, before making a definitive decision. Contact the State or Territory government land department for further information. Name Defence - Training Depot, Darts RD 3305 Portland

Listed Marine Species [ Resource Information ] * Species is listed under a different scientific name on the EPBC Act - Threatened Species list. Name Threatened Type of Presence Birds Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper [59309] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Anseranas semipalmata Magpie Goose [978] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Apus pacificus Fork-tailed Swift [678] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Ardea alba Great Egret, White Egret [59541] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Ardea ibis Cattle Egret [59542] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone [872] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed Sandpiper [874] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris alba Sanderling [875] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris canutus Red Knot, Knot [855] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur

Name Threatened Type of Presence within area Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper [856] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris melanotos Pectoral Sandpiper [858] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Calidris ruficollis Red-necked Stint [860] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Catharacta skua Great Skua [59472] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Charadrius bicinctus Double-banded Plover [895] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Charadrius ruficapillus Red-capped Plover [881] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Chrysococcyx osculans Black-eared Cuckoo [705] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Diomedea antipodensis Antipodean Albatross [64458] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea epomophora Southern Royal Albatross [89221] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross [89223] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Diomedea sanfordi Northern Royal Albatross [64456] Endangered Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Eudyptula minor Little Penguin [1085] Breeding known to occur within area Gallinago hardwickii Latham's Snipe, Japanese Snipe [863] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Haliaeetus leucogaster White-bellied Sea-Eagle [943] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Halobaena caerulea Blue Petrel [1059] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Himantopus himantopus Pied Stilt, Black-winged Stilt [870] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Hirundapus caudacutus White-throated Needletail [682] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot [744] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Name Threatened Type of Presence Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed Godwit [844] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Macronectes giganteus Southern Giant-Petrel, Southern Giant Petrel [1060] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Macronectes halli Northern Giant Petrel [1061] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Merops ornatus Rainbow Bee-eater [670] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Motacilla flava Yellow Wagtail [644] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin Flycatcher [612] Breeding known to occur within area Neophema chrysogaster Orange-bellied Parrot [747] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Numenius madagascariensis Eastern Curlew, Far Eastern Curlew [847] Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Pachyptila turtur Fairy Prion [1066] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Pandion haliaetus Osprey [952] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Phoebetria fusca Sooty Albatross [1075] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Pluvialis fulva Pacific Golden Plover [25545] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Pterodroma mollis Soft-plumaged Petrel [1036] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Puffinus carneipes Flesh-footed Shearwater, Fleshy-footed Shearwater Foraging, feeding or related [1043] behaviour likely to occur within area Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous Fantail [592] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Rostratula benghalensis (sensu lato) Painted Snipe [889] Endangered* Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Sterna albifrons Little Tern [813] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Thalassarche bulleri Buller's Albatross, Pacific Albatross [64460] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche cauta Tasmanian Shy Albatross [89224] Vulnerable* Foraging, feeding or

Name Threatened Type of Presence related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche chrysostoma Grey-headed Albatross [66491] Endangered Species or species habitat may occur within area

Thalassarche salvini Salvin's Albatross [64463] Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche sp. nov. Pacific Albatross [66511] Vulnerable* Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thalassarche steadi White-capped Albatross [64462] Vulnerable* Foraging, feeding or related behaviour likely to occur within area Thinornis rubricollis Hooded Plover [59510] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Thinornis rubricollis rubricollis Hooded Plover (eastern) [66726] Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Tringa glareola Wood Sandpiper [829] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank, Greenshank [832] Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Fish Heraldia nocturna Upside-down Pipefish, Eastern Upside-down Pipefish, Species or species habitat Eastern Upside-down Pipefish [66227] may occur within area

Hippocampus abdominalis Big-belly Seahorse, Eastern Potbelly Seahorse, New Species or species habitat Zealand Potbelly Seahorse [66233] may occur within area

Hippocampus breviceps Short-head Seahorse, Short-snouted Seahorse Species or species habitat [66235] may occur within area

Histiogamphelus briggsii Crested Pipefish, Briggs' Crested Pipefish, Briggs' Species or species habitat Pipefish [66242] may occur within area

Histiogamphelus cristatus Rhino Pipefish, Macleay's Crested Pipefish, Ring-back Species or species habitat Pipefish [66243] may occur within area

Hypselognathus rostratus Knifesnout Pipefish, Knife-snouted Pipefish [66245] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Kaupus costatus Deepbody Pipefish, Deep-bodied Pipefish [66246] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Leptoichthys fistularius Brushtail Pipefish [66248] Species or species

Name Threatened Type of Presence habitat may occur within area Lissocampus caudalis Australian Smooth Pipefish, Smooth Pipefish [66249] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Lissocampus runa Javelin Pipefish [66251] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Maroubra perserrata Sawtooth Pipefish [66252] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Mitotichthys semistriatus Halfbanded Pipefish [66261] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Mitotichthys tuckeri Tucker's Pipefish [66262] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Notiocampus ruber Red Pipefish [66265] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Phycodurus eques Leafy Seadragon [66267] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Phyllopteryx taeniolatus Common Seadragon, Weedy Seadragon [66268] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Pugnaso curtirostris Pugnose Pipefish, Pug-nosed Pipefish [66269] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Solegnathus robustus Robust Pipehorse, Robust Spiny Pipehorse [66274] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Solegnathus spinosissimus Spiny Pipehorse, Australian Spiny Pipehorse [66275] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Stigmatopora argus Spotted Pipefish, Gulf Pipefish, Peacock Pipefish Species or species habitat [66276] may occur within area

Stigmatopora nigra Widebody Pipefish, Wide-bodied Pipefish, Black Species or species habitat Pipefish [66277] may occur within area

Stipecampus cristatus Ringback Pipefish, Ring-backed Pipefish [66278] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Urocampus carinirostris Hairy Pipefish [66282] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Vanacampus margaritifer Mother-of-pearl Pipefish [66283] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Vanacampus phillipi Port Phillip Pipefish [66284] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Vanacampus poecilolaemus Longsnout Pipefish, Australian Long-snout Pipefish, Species or species habitat Long-snouted Pipefish [66285] may occur within

Name Threatened Type of Presence area Mammals Arctocephalus forsteri Long-nosed Fur-seal, New Zealand Fur-seal [20] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Arctocephalus pusillus Australian Fur-seal, Australo-African Fur-seal [21] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Neophoca cinerea Australian Sea-lion, Australian Sea Lion [22] Vulnerable Species or species habitat may occur within area

Eubalaena australis Southern Right Whale [40] Endangered Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Grampus griseus Risso's Dolphin, Grampus [64] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Lagenorhynchus obscurus Dusky Dolphin [43] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback Whale [38] Vulnerable Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Orcinus orca Killer Whale, Orca [46] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Name Status Type of Presence Tursiops aduncus Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin, Spotted Bottlenose Species or species habitat Dolphin [68418] likely to occur within area

Tursiops truncatus s. str. Bottlenose Dolphin [68417] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Extra Information State and Territory Reserves [ Resource Information ] Name State Bolwarra H43 B.R. VIC Bolwarra H44 B.R. VIC Bolwarra H45 B.R. VIC Discovery Bay Coastal Park VIC Gorae B.R. VIC Narrawong F.R. VIC Nine Mile F.F.R. VIC Portland H46 B.R. VIC Portland H47 B.R. VIC Trewalla H48 B.R. VIC

Regional Forest Agreements [ Resource Information ] Note that all areas with completed RFAs have been included. Name State West Victoria RFA Victoria

Invasive Species [ Resource Information ] Weeds reported here are the 20 species of national significance (WoNS), along with other introduced plants that are considered by the States and Territories to pose a particularly significant threat to biodiversity. The following feral animals are reported: Goat, Red Fox, Cat, Rabbit, Pig, Water Buffalo and Cane Toad. Maps from Landscape Health Project, National Land and Water Resouces Audit, 2001.

Name Status Type of Presence Birds Acridotheres tristis Common Myna, Indian Myna [387] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Alauda arvensis Skylark [656] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Anas platyrhynchos Mallard [974] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Carduelis carduelis European Goldfinch [403] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Carduelis chloris European Greenfinch [404] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Columba livia Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon [803] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Name Status Type of Presence Passer domesticus House Sparrow [405] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Sturnus vulgaris Common Starling [389] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Turdus merula Common Blackbird, Eurasian Blackbird [596] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Mammals Canis lupus familiaris Domestic Dog [82654] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Capra hircus Goat [2] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Felis catus Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat [19] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Lepus capensis Brown Hare [127] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Mus musculus House Mouse [120] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit, European Rabbit [128] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Rattus rattus Black Rat, Ship Rat [84] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Vulpes vulpes Red Fox, Fox [18] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Plants Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper, Bridal Veil Creeper, Smilax, Florist's Species or species habitat Smilax, Smilax Asparagus [22473] likely to occur within area

Cenchrus ciliaris Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass [20213] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Chrysanthemoides monilifera Bitou Bush, Boneseed [18983] Species or species habitat may occur within area

Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera Boneseed [16905] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Cytisus scoparius Broom, English Broom, Scotch Broom, Common Species or species habitat Broom, Scottish Broom, Spanish Broom [5934] likely to occur within area

Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom, Canary Broom, Species or species habitat Common Broom, French Broom, Soft Broom [20126] likely to occur within area

Lycium ferocissimum African Boxthorn, Boxthorn [19235] Species or species habitat likely to occur

Name Status Type of Presence within area Pinus radiata Radiata Pine Monterey Pine, Insignis Pine, Wilding Species or species habitat Pine [20780] may occur within area

Rubus fruticosus aggregate Blackberry, European Blackberry [68406] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Salix spp. except S.babylonica, S.x calodendron & S.x reichardtii Willows except Weeping Willow, Pussy Willow and Species or species habitat Sterile Pussy Willow [68497] likely to occur within area

Ulex europaeus Gorse, Furze [7693] Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Key Ecological Features (Marine) [ Resource Information ] Key Ecological Features are the parts of the marine ecosystem that are considered to be important for the biodiversity or ecosystem functioning and integrity of the Commonwealth Marine Area.

Name Region Bonney Coast Upwelling South-east

Caveat The information presented in this report has been provided by a range of data sources as acknowledged at the end of the report.

This report is designed to assist in identifying the locations of places which may be relevant in determining obligations under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. It holds mapped locations of World and National Heritage properties, Wetlands of International and National Importance, Commonwealth and State/Territory reserves, listed threatened, migratory and marine species and listed threatened ecological communities. Mapping of Commonwealth land is not complete at this stage. Maps have been collated from a range of sources at various resolutions.

Not all species listed under the EPBC Act have been mapped (see below) and therefore a report is a general guide only. Where available data supports mapping, the type of presence that can be determined from the data is indicated in general terms. People using this information in making a referral may need to consider the qualifications below and may need to seek and consider other information sources.

For threatened ecological communities where the distribution is well known, maps are derived from recovery plans, State vegetation maps, remote sensing imagery and other sources. Where threatened ecological community distributions are less well known, existing vegetation maps and point location data are used to produce indicative distribution maps.

Threatened, migratory and marine species distributions have been derived through a variety of methods. Where distributions are well known and if time permits, maps are derived using either thematic spatial data (i.e. vegetation, soils, geology, elevation, aspect, terrain, etc) together with point locations and described habitat; or environmental modelling (MAXENT or BIOCLIM habitat modelling) using point locations and environmental data layers.

Where very little information is available for species or large number of maps are required in a short time-frame, maps are derived either from 0.04 or 0.02 decimal degree cells; by an automated process using polygon capture techniques (static two kilometre grid cells, alpha-hull and convex hull); or captured manually or by using topographic features (national park boundaries, islands, etc). In the early stages of the distribution mapping process (1999-early 2000s) distributions were defined by degree blocks, 100K or 250K map sheets to rapidly create distribution maps. More reliable distribution mapping methods are used to update these distributions as time permits.

Only selected species covered by the following provisions of the EPBC Act have been mapped: - migratory and - marine The following species and ecological communities have not been mapped and do not appear in reports produced from this database:

- threatened species listed as extinct or considered as vagrants - some species and ecological communities that have only recently been listed - some terrestrial species that overfly the Commonwealth marine area - migratory species that are very widespread, vagrant, or only occur in small numbers The following groups have been mapped, but may not cover the complete distribution of the species: - non-threatened seabirds which have only been mapped for recorded breeding sites - seals which have only been mapped for breeding sites near the Australian continent Such breeding sites may be important for the protection of the Commonwealth Marine environment.

Coordinates

-38.30252 141.6139

Acknowledgements This database has been compiled from a range of data sources. The department acknowledges the following custodians who have contributed valuable data and advice: -Office of Environment and Heritage, New South Wales -Department of Environment and Primary Industries, Victoria -Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Tasmania -Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, South Australia -Department of Land and Resource Management, Northern Territory -Department of Environmental and Heritage Protection, Queensland -Department of Parks and Wildlife, Western Australia -Environment and Planning Directorate, ACT -Birdlife Australia -Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme -Australian National Wildlife Collection -Natural history museums of Australia -Museum Victoria -Australian Museum -South Australian Museum -Queensland Museum -Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums -Queensland Herbarium -National Herbarium of NSW -Royal Botanic Gardens and National Herbarium of Victoria -Tasmanian Herbarium -State Herbarium of South Australia -Northern Territory Herbarium -Western Australian Herbarium -Australian National Herbarium, Canberra -University of New England -Ocean Biogeographic Information System -Australian Government, Department of Defence Forestry Corporation, NSW -Geoscience Australia -CSIRO -Australian Tropical Herbarium, Cairns -eBird Australia -Australian Government – Australian Antarctic Data Centre -Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory -Australian Government National Environmental Science Program -Australian Institute of Marine Science -Reef Life Survey Australia -American Museum of Natural History -Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Inveresk, Tasmania -Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart, Tasmania -Other groups and individuals

The Department is extremely grateful to the many organisations and individuals who provided expert advice and information on numerous draft distributions.

Please feel free to provide feedback via the Contact Us page.

Issue Register

Distribution List Report Status Date Issued Number of Copies

Yumbah Aquaculture Draft_v1 05/10/2018 1

Yumbah Aquaculture Final_v.0 11/10/2018 2

DELWP

EPA Victoria Final_v.1 28/10/2018 1

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