sensors Article Analyzing Cyber-Physical Threats on Robotic Platforms † Khalil M. Ahmad Yousef 1,* ID , Anas AlMajali 1 ID , Salah Abu Ghalyon 1 ID , Waleed Dweik 2 ID and Bassam J. Mohd 1 ID 1 Department of Computer Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan;
[email protected] (A.A.);
[email protected] (S.A.G.);
[email protected] (B.J.M.) 2 Department of Computer Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +962-79-666-9967 † This paper is an extended version of our paper published in Ahmad Yousef, K.; AlMajali, A.; Hasan, R.; Dweik, W.; Mohd, B. Security risk assessment of the PeopleBot mobile robot research platform. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical and Computing Technologies and Applications (ICECTA), Ras Al Khaimah, UAE, 21–23 November 2017. Received: 19 April 2018; Accepted: 18 May 2018; Published: 21 May 2018 Abstract: Robots are increasingly involved in our daily lives. Fundamental to robots are the communication link (or stream) and the applications that connect the robots to their clients or users. Such communication link and applications are usually supported through client/server network connection. This networking system is amenable of being attacked and vulnerable to the security threats. Ensuring security and privacy for robotic platforms is thus critical, as failures and attacks could have devastating consequences. In this paper, we examine several cyber-physical security threats that are unique to the robotic platforms; specifically the communication link and the applications. Threats target integrity, availability and confidential security requirements of the robotic platforms, which use MobileEyes/arnlServer client/server applications.