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Plan Maestro 2002-2006 Área De Protección Especial Punta De 1 CONSEJO NACIONAL DE ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS FUNDACIÓN MARIO DARY RIVERA PLAN MAESTRO 2002-2006 ÁREA DE PROTECCIÓN ESPECIAL PUNTA DE MANABIQUE Con la Participación Técnica de la Organización para la Conservación y Ambiente ONCA Guatemala, Octubre 2001 Este documento fue elaborado en el marco del Proyecto RECOSMO, Región de Conservación y Desarrollo Sostenible Sarstún - Motagua, con el apoyo financiero del Fondo para el Medio Ambiente Mundial (FMAM/GEF) y el Gobierno Real de los Países Bajos. El Proyecto RECOSMO es ejecutado a través de la Secretaría Ejecutiva del Consejo Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (CONAP) y administrado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD). También se contó con el apoyo técnico y financiero del Proyecto PROARCA-Costas 2 INDICE 1 PRESENTACION............................................................................................. 5 2 COMPONENTE DESCRIPTIVO ...................................................................... 7 2.1 Ficha Técnica del Área Protegida ...........................................................................7 2.2 Aspectos Biofísicos Relevantes ..............................................................................12 2.2.1 Clima y Zona de Vida.......................................................................................12 2.2.2 Hidrología.........................................................................................................12 2.2.3 Geología y Geomorfología...............................................................................14 2.2.4 Historia Natural ................................................................................................16 2.2.5 Ocurrencia de Fenómenos Naturales Excepcionales........................................17 2.2.6 Sitios de Especial Interés y/ o Sitios de Belleza Paisajística............................18 2.2.7 Vegetación........................................................................................................21 2.2.8 Fauna ................................................................................................................22 2.3 Aspectos socioeconómicos y culturales .................................................................27 2.3.1 Descripción de aspectos sociales y económicos...............................................27 2.3.2 Usos actuales de los recursos naturales y actividades económicas ..................30 2.4 Usos del Suelo..........................................................................................................35 2.4.1 Fabricación de Carbón Vegetal ........................................................................37 2.4.2 Turismo.............................................................................................................38 2.4.3 Otros Usos ........................................................................................................39 2.4.4 Organización comunitaria.................................................................................40 2.4.5 Información Arqueológica:...............................................................................41 2.5 Aspectos legales e institucionales ..........................................................................41 2.5.1 Tenencia de la tierra .........................................................................................41 2.5.2 Aspectos Institucionales ...................................................................................42 2.6 Aspectos de Manejo del Área Protegida...............................................................43 2.6.1 Zonas críticas, de alto riesgo o amenazadas.....................................................43 2.6.2 Amenazas .........................................................................................................44 2.6.3 Infraestructura disponible para el manejo y apoyo del área .............................48 2.6.4 Avances y logros obtenidos hasta la fecha en el manejo del Área...................49 3 CONSIDERACIONES DE MANEJO.............................................................. 52 3.1 Diagnostico de información disponible.................................................................52 3.2 Problemas y Amenazas ..........................................................................................53 3.3 Categoría de Manejo Propuesta y Objetivos del Área Protegida ......................53 3.3.1 Refugio de Vida Silvestre Punta de Manabique...............................................54 3 3.3.2 Objetivos Primarios de Conservación Propuestos para el Área de Protección Especial Punta de Manabique...........................................................................................54 3.4 Zonificación.............................................................................................................54 3.4.1 Criterios Generales utilizados para establecer la propuesta de zonificación....55 3.4.2 Zonas De Manejo .............................................................................................55 4 COMPONENTE OPERATIVO ....................................................................... 60 4.1 Marco de Referencia Para Abordar el Componente Operativo ........................60 4.2 Programas y Sub-Programas ................................................................................61 4.2.1 Programa de Protección, Control y Atención de Emergencias ........................61 4.2.2 Programa de Manejo de Recursos ....................................................................64 4.2.3 Programa de Investigación y Monitoreo ..........................................................66 4.2.4 Programa de Uso Público .................................................................................67 4.2.5 Programa de Extensión Comunitaria................................................................70 4.2.6 Programa de Administración............................................................................72 4.3 Cuadro de Objetivos y Resultados Esperados .....................................................77 5 COMPONENTE NORMATIVO....................................................................... 84 5.1 Decreto o Disposición Legal de Creación del Área de Protección Especial ......84 5.2 Legislación de Particular Aplicación al Área ......................................................84 5.3 Resolución de Aprobación del Plan Maestro por parte del CONAP (al inicio del documento)....................................................................................................................85 5.4 Consideraciones Generales para la Normativa del Área....................................85 5.5 Normas Específicas por Zona................................................................................85 5.5.1 Zona de Conservación ......................................................................................85 5.5.2 Zona de Uso Especial Marítima .......................................................................86 5.5.3 Zona de Uso Especial Terrestre........................................................................87 5.5.4 Zona de Uso Intensivo......................................................................................87 5.5.5 Zona de Uso Múltiple.......................................................................................88 5.5.6 Zona de recuperación y manejo........................................................................88 5.6 Normas Específicas por Actividad........................................................................89 5.6.1 Actividades Extractivas de Recursos Naturales ...............................................89 5.6.2 Manejo de Áreas de Reserva de la Nación.......................................................90 5.6.3 Infraestructura...................................................................................................90 5.6.4 Gestión del área ................................................................................................90 5.6.5 Turismo.............................................................................................................91 5.6.6 Investigación.....................................................................................................91 4 6 REFERENCIAS ............................................................................................. 93 7 ANEXOS ...............................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 7.1 Anexo 1. Recomendaciones del Grupo Consultivo Para el Plan Maestro.Error! Bookmark not defin 7.2 Anexo 2. Glosario........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.3 Anexo 3. Listado de Acrónimos: ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.4 Anexo 4. Listado de Especies de Flora yFauna........ Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.5 Anexo 5. Descripción de los Talleres Participativos efectuados y Listado de participantes............................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.6 Anexo 6 Mapas........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5 1 PRESENTACION Punta de Manabique se encuentra en la costa caribeña de Guatemala, en el departamento de Izabal, entre los paralelos 15°40’ y 16°00’ Norte y los meridianos 88°13’ y 88°44’. Fue declarada como Área de Protección Especial por el Decreto 4-89 (Ley de Áreas Protegidas) y está en proceso su declaratoria como área protegida. El estudio técnico realizado en 1990 propone al área la categoría
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