August 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27049 to agreements subject to review by the Com­ 1972 relating to the incidental taking of ma­ By Mr. LITTON (for himself, Mr. BELL, mittee on House Administration of the House rine mammals in the course of commercial Mr. FASCELL, Mr. McCLOSKEY, and of Representatives, in the case of certain fishing operations; to the Committee on Mer­ Mr. STARK): legislative officers and employees; to the chant Marine and Fisheries. H. Res. 1294. Resolution requesting the Committee on House Administration. By Mr. VEYSEY: President to turn over evidentiary informa­ By Mr. WAMPLER: H. Con. Res. 586. Concurrent resolution tion to the House Judiciary Committee and H.R. 16299. A bill to amend the Railroad the Special Prosecutor; to the Committee on Retirement Act of 1937 to revise the retire­ calling for a domestic summit to develop a unified plan of action to restore stab111ty the Judiciary. ment system for employees of employers By Mr. YATES (for himself and Mr. covered thereunder, and for other purposes; and prosperity to the American economy; to CONTE): to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign the Committee on Banking and Currency. H. Res. 1295. Resolution providing for tele­ Commerce. By Mr. BINGHAM (for himself, Mr. vision and radio coverage of proceedings in By Mr. BOB WILSON (for himself, Mr. BIESTER, and Mr. GILMAN): the Chamber of the House of Representatives VAN DEERLIN, and Mr. BURGENER) : H. Res. 1293. Resolution to establish a John on any resolution to impeach the President H.R. 16300. A bill to amend the provisions W. McCormack senior citizen intern program; of the United States; to the Committee on of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of to the Committee on House Administration. Rules.

EXTE:NSIONS OF REMARKS IN SUPPORT OF H.R. 13377, THE AL­ In reflection it is significant to note at the abuse of power issue, I bring to the LIED WAR VETERANS OF AMER­ this point the all-encompassing welcome attention of my colleagues an editorial ICA MEDICAL ASSISTANCE BILL inscribed at the door to our Nation, "The in today's edition of the Peoria Journal­ Statue of Liberty," whieh reads, in part, Star which raises some interesting points as follows: regarding abuse of power as well as some HON. ROBERT A. ROE questions as to what we are really talking OF NEW JERSEY "A mighty woman with a torch whose flame about when we use that phrase. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Is the imprisoned lightning and her name I place the text of the editorial in the Monday, August 5, 1974 Mother of Exiles. From her beaconed-hand RECORD at this point: Glows world wide welcome; :i:\11'. [From the Peoria (Ill.) Journal-Star, Aug. 5, Mr. ROE. Speaker, as a sponsor of Her mild eyes command 1974] H.R. 13377 which is on the consent cal­ The air-bridged harbor that twin cities endar for consideration by the Members frame. ABUSE OF POWER of the House today provide hospital Now that "abuse of power" seems to be to "Keep ancient lands, your stoned pomp l" accepted by many as a "high crime" and an and medical care for lawful residents­ cried she with silent lips. impeachable offense whether it includes any for at least 10 years-of the, United "Give me your tired, your poor, previously illegal criminal act or not, per­ States who were members of ·uhe Armed Your huddled masses yearning to breathe haps we ought to provide for the removal Forces of nations allied with the United free, from office of any public official, appointed States in World War I or World War II, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. or elected, who can be convicted of such. I join with my distinguished colleague Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to We are going to need some such amend­ from Tilinois, Congressman ANNUNZIO, me, ment to the state and federal constitutions I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" to protect ourselves from judicial dictator­ and other sponsors of this measure in ships, electoral cabals, and bureaucratic urging passage of this long overdue leg­ This inscription depicts our symbol of tyrants. islation that will finally erase the un­ freedom and heritage in a country whose Indeed, we have needed such a defense al­ reasonable line between past and pres­ very foundation and existence was born ready and no such tool exists, and none did ent citizenships and provide equal treat­ as a haven for all free peoples of the exist untU eager House prosecutors invented ment under the law for American cit­ world. it for one man only, the President. izens who serted our Nation during Mr. Speaker, we here in the House Perhaps, we have invented the one new "criminal" activity that can be used as a World War I and World War II. There now have the great opportunity to con­ curb on "freedom of the press" before this is no question that these veterans con­ firm our Nation's welcome and accept­ whole chain reaction is over-"abuse of tinue to serve as dedicated, loyal mem­ ance of these citizens and demonstrate power." bers of a society that they, themselves, America's gratitude, civility and abund­ It can cover anything under the sun just helped to preserve for all of us. ant promise of a good life for our adopted about, 1f you happen to disagree with the It is important to point out that the veterans of other countries who fought current use of "power" by anybody who countries of Czechoslovakia and Poland for our cause in World War I and World has it. What ought we legislate to deal with the allied with ou:- Nation during World War Wa.r II but because of subsequent po­ "abuse of power" by labor unions and labor I and n experienced drastic changes in litical circumstances of their government leaders? How about the all too frequent their government after the war-changes were unable to receive the accord and "abuse of power" by TV networks over their which deprived the valiant citizens of honor of war veterans as we ha..ve been affiliates? these nations the very freedom for which able to do as the land of the free. Do zoning boards sometimes act 1n ways they had fought. As some of my col­ During these most trying times when you regard as an "abuse of power?" leagues have already testified, one need a little help can mean so much to our When a judge gives an arbitrary order that proves to be illegal 1n the appellate court, only look at the record of the Polish people who are suffering under unpre­ we might well remove that lower court Freedom Fighters and their wartime con­ cedented economic hardships, with per­ judge for his "abuse of power." tribution to our people for which we owe sonal fiscal resources taxed to the danger When Congressmen vote into law an un­ a debt of gratitude. point of being confiscatory, I most Constitutional imposition on us that 1s so These allied war veterans settled strongly urge the passage of H.R. 13377 proclaimed by the U.S. Supreme Court, ought throughout the United States, a great to help provide medical care for these we not be able to remove those members of many of them becoming American cit­ Congress for ''abuse of power?" allied war veterans of America. When a Congressional committee violates izens, contributing their talents, initia­ the rights of witnesses, and disregards the tive and hard work to the further en­ normal standards of justice under our Con­ richment of America. The legislation we ABUSE OF POWER stitution and in our system, should we not are considering today recognizes the have the means of removing those commit­ sacrifice and outstanding service these tee members from public office for their Americans made to the allied war effort HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL "abuse of power?" When a hearing officer imposes vicious and to their adopted country by pro­ OF conditions on a private operation and relief viding that they will be eligible for cer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tain essential benefits for hospital and is ultimately ialned in a court of law, can we Monday, August 5, 1974 not get that hearing officer removed from his domiciliary care and medical services position of power for an "abuse of power?" commensurate with veterans of the U.S. Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, since one However, what may be the greatest and Anned Forces. of the articles of impeachment relates to saddest abuse of power of all is one that we 27050 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 6, 1974 cannot do a thing about except the restraint the floor, Rep. Abzug offered an amendment long-standing policy of nuclear deterrence. ourselves. to strike over $250 million in Research and At the very lease, such a significant reversal This is the tyranny of the living over the Development funds to increase the accuracy of policy warrants full Congressional exami­ dead. and yield of our strategic nuclear weapons, nation and debate. We urge your support for A group is now proposing very seriously the so-called counterforce program. Tomor­ the amendment to delete funds for research that we get rid of "The Star Spangled Ban­ row, when the Department of Defense Appro­ and development of these new nuclear ner" on the grounds that it fails to meet the priation bill (HR 16243) is under considera­ weapons. aesthetic standards of music as we now know tion, we plan to offer a similar amendment. Sincerely, it or the philosophic stresses of the present On June 4, following House action on H.R. BELLA S. ABzuG, moment. 14592, the Senate met in an unusual closed HERMAN BADn.Lo, It is but one of a long series of traditional session to debate the implications of this new JOHN CONYERS, things under attack, and I pick it because it "counterforce" proposal, designed to give the ANDREW YOUNG, has few big vital side issues. United States a first strike capab111ty. Sen­ PATRICIA SCHROEDER, The standards of the music <.!\'itic and the ator Mcintyre, Chairman of the Research THOMAS M. REES, sociologist are being applied in this a.rgu- and Development Subcommittee of the Sen­ DANTE B. FASCELL, The standards of the music critic and the ate Armed Services Committee, vehemently DON EDWARDS, opposed to this new program and alarmed That isn't what the "Star Spalllgled Banner" PAR~EN MITCHELL, is all about, and that isn't what gives it by its implications, offered an amendment MICHAEL HARRINGTON, value. to strike "counterforce" funds. This amend­ JOHN F. SEIBERLING, Some people simply sneer at "·tradition" ment was narrowly defeated in the Senate. ROBERT L. LEGGETT. of all and any kind, and do not understand Senator Mcintyre emphasized that counter­ what is involved. force programs would not only "put the hair What gives the song its special value is the trigger on nuclear war," but, beyond that, AMENDMENT sentiment that generations of Americans would do nothing to counter the threat to our Minutemen. What he has urged, in­ Page 26, line 9, insert the following new have attached to it, and the places tt has paragraph: been played under conditions that gave it stead, are programs to insure the survivabil­ special meaning all over the world. ity of our own nuclear deterrent and more "PROHIBITED ACTIVITIES It is part of history. It belongs to all Amer­ than adequate funds for such programs are "No funds appropriated pursuant to this icans-living and dead. included in HR 16243. Title shall be used for any research, develop­ There are some things that do not belong Secretary of Defense Schlesinger has sup­ ment, test or evaluation programs designed to us alone. We are just the custodians for a ported the request for these funds with to build counterforce capab111ties." while. alarming reports of Soviet nuclear capability .3 It is not only an "abuse of power" to de­ and forebodings that the Soviets might be stroy such things in the brief time that we tempted to use their future superiority to are here, but it is a form of spiritual vandal­ strike a knock-out blow at our land-based ism. missiles. Hence, the argument goes, we must There are some things that we have an develop missiles with greater . accuracy to DOWNGRADING OF FEOERAL JOBS obligation to pass on, that all Americans liv­ provide us with flexibility in responding to ing and dead have a stake 1n, and ought to such an attack-we must be capable of have a say about. striking back at Soviet missile silos as well We should think twice before we outvote as at Soviet cities. HON. HENRY B. GONZALEZ the dead, just because they can no longer The implication of this scenario are over­ OF TEXAS stop us, just as an easy and arrogant ws.y to whelmingly frightening. Rather than creat­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing nuclear stab111ty, these new programs will throw our weight around-a power that Monday, August 5, 1974 comes to us just by b~ing alive. only further stimulate the nuclear arms race It's the most cowardly, unfair and "chick­ and wm increase the hazards of an all-out Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, today I en" act of all. nuclear war. If either side should fear that it could not strike back effectively after a am introducing legislation that would And history shows that those eager to. dis­ correct what I believe is an unfair and regard their forefathers also disregard their nuclear attack, it would be sorely tempted posterity. to strike first. There is no greater restrain­ arbitrary procedure, the downgrading of Changing rules for the convenience of the ing force than the knowledge that one's at­ Federal jobs. moment, and to hell with past principles, tack can be retaliated with an effective coun­ I have recently been advised that quite turns out to be thoughtless as to future as ter-attack. a few of the machinists and general ma­ well. Secretary Schlesinger's argument, more­ chine operators at Kelly Air Force Base And dangerous to the survival of a good over, is based on several allegations which in my district are currently being sub­ society.-c, L. DANCEY. are unfounded if not totally inaccurate: 1. That Soviet nuclear capab111ty is fast jected to what is known as a special clas­ approaching and will soon exceed that of the sification survey. The purpose of this spe­ United States. R. & D. FOR DOOMSDAY DEVELOP­ cial survey is to apply new Civil Service MENT-TEXT OF AMENDMENT Although Soviet missiles are larger and Commission standards to particular jobs. more powerful, our smaller computerized While I realize that we want to insure missiles Me more effective and more accur­ ate. U.S. nuclear technology 1s far beyond equal pay for equal work, I am concerned HON. BELLA S. ABZUG that of the Soviets and wm continue to be that this current procedure will have a OF NEW YORK well into the 1980's, long after the Salt I serious effect on the moral of the em­ agreement ends. ployees involved and will certainly ham­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 2. That the United States must maintain per their performance. Monday, August 5, 1974 the perception o! nuclear superiority and The bill I am proposing would give a that this perception will somehow strengthen Federal agency 3 years to downgrade a Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow our bargaining position at future Salt the House will consider H.R. 16243, the negotJ:ating sessions. job classification. After that, an incum­ Department of Defense appropriations Yet Secretary of State Kissinger, after fail­ bent employee would be protected bill. At that time I will offer an amend­ ing to obtain any missile agreement during against having this classification ment to prohibit research and develop­ his recent Moscow visit, indicated that this changed. · ment funds for the counterforce pro­ very "tough guy" role may be jeopardizing Under the present system an employee gram. future Salt agreements. is subject to a lifetime of uncertainty, Compared to the total request in this bill, never knowing when he might be notified Today I, and 11 other Members of the the amount involved for research and de­ House, circulated a dear colleague letter velopment of countert'orce weapons is small­ that his grade will be lowered. My bill outlining the overriding significance of less than $300 million. But these expendi­ would guarantee him a sense of security this new strategy. I would like to insert tures wm commit us to future expenditures after he has performed successfuly at a the text of that dear colleague letter and of b1llions of dollars. More important, they particular job for a period of 3 years. I the text of the amendment. will commit us to a policy which will virtu­ believe this legislation is necessary, and HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ally invite nuclear confrontation and will I hope that Congress can take expendient Washington, D.C., August 5,1974. negate our chances of reaching a realistic action to rectify this situation by pass­ Re H.R.l6243 Salt II agreement. ing my bill, which I believe is fair and DEAR COLLEAGUE: Last May, When H.R. The counterforce p·rogra.m represents a equitable to both the employee and the 14592, the Mil1tary Procurement BUl, was on radical and dangerous departure from our agencies involved. August 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27051 WELFARE STUDY SHOWS NEED FOR It is ridiculous to have a welfare sys­ Are you in favor of a constitutional REFORM tem that encourages and married amendment to prohibit busing? women to have children and fathers not 84.4-Yes. to work and to abandon their families. 15.6-No. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROO~ A complete reevaluation of this system OF OHIO is desperately needed. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TRIBUTE TO STEVE ALLEN Tuesday, August 6, 1974 Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the Subcommittee on Fiscal Policy of the 1974 ANNUAL QUESTIONNAIRE HON .. THOMAS M. REES Joint Economic Committee has released OF CALIFORNIA a study of our Nation's welfare system. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The subcommittee report is based on an HON. ELWOOD HILLIS Tuesday, August 6, 1974 analysis of the welfare benefits available OF INDIANA in 100 counties around the country. Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, in these days The results of the study are deeply IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of internal crisis at home and unrest disturbing. It indicates that the current Tuesday, August 6, 1974 abroad, it gives me great pleasure to call welfare system encourages low-income Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, at this time your attention to the work of an out­ and unemployed fathers to avoid work I would like to share with my colleagues standing artist who has established a and desert their families. It also en­ the results of my 1974 annual question­ remarkable list of achievements dedi­ courages single women and married cou­ naire. This poll was distributed to every cated to making life more pleasant for pies to have children. household in the Fifth Congressional his fellowman. This artist is my good Work disincentives are high, accord­ District of Indiana which I represent~ friend Steve Allen, and it would be diffi­ ing to the study, because the net gain I am pleased to say that the response cult to name another person who can from working often is quite small, if any. was overwhelming. I received the largest match his achievements in the theater An example of this is an unemployed return since I have been conducting the television, music, motion pictures and father on AFDC-aid to families with survey. the literary world. ' dependent children. If the father goes Percentages reflected in the tabluation A tireless worker who never confines to work full time at the old $1.60 or new represent returns received through July himself to one area of the arts, Mr. Allen $2 minimum wage, he faces a net loss in 29, 1974. combines his many talents and boundless discretionary income because the AFDC The detailed results of the question­ energy to produce a veritable cornucopia benefits lost generally are greater than naire are as follows: of creative entertainment. His skills as the net wage. A man with a wife and 3 (Answers in percent) an entertainer keep him in constant de­ children who finds a full-time job at Based on available information, Do you mand, but despite the rigors of his sched­ $1.60 an hour has an after-tax income believe President Nixon should ule, he continues to find time for an end­ of $3,034, but loses AFDC benefits of 69.3-remain in office. less series of public service activities. $3,840 a year in San Francisco or $3,588 12.4-leave office by resignation. He appears as a guest lecturer at col­ in Portland, Oreg. It certainly eliminates 18.3-be impeached. leges and universities whenever possible a major reason for getting a job if by With regard to health insurance coverage, and he is an active participant in many working a man and his family are no which action should the Federal government take? charitable and social events. To date, he better off financially than before. 38.6-none. has authored no less than 17 books, with Although financial incentive to get a 18.5-provide Federal coverage for all basic 3 more in preparation, an achievement job may be lacking, the study shows that health needs including preventive ca:te. that few writers have equaled. As a pian­ there is a financial incentive for fathers 42.9-provide Federal coverage only for major ist, he has recorded some 40 albums to desert their families. If an unem­ illnesses or long-term mnesses. another mark that few of his peers ca~ ployed father deserts, the average gain It 1s possible that campaign financing re­ hope to match. As a composer, he has in cash and food benefits varies from forms wm be enacted by the Congress thts writte~ thousands of songs, and at· the year. Are you in favor of limiting the total $1,004 for 1-child families to $1,318 for amount of contributions and expenditures same t1me, become a recognized author­ families with 3 children. This constitutes and requiring full financial disclosure. ity on other noted composers, such as about a one-third gain in family income. 90.2-Yes George Gershwin. Since the early days If the deserting father worked full 9.8-No of television, Mr. Allen has demonstrated time at $2 an hour, the average gain in In your opinion, should Abortion be: his creative abilities that have earned benefits is $1,806 to $2,358. Family in­ 60.5-,a decision to be mMe by a woman and him recognition as one of the truly cre­ come would increase by almost one-half. her physician. ative pioneers of the medium. As the subcommittee contends: 26.6----allowed only ~n the case of ra.pe, incest, defective fetus, save the life of the mother. Despite these remarkable accomplish­ The study data leave little doubt that wel­ 8.5-allowed only to save the life of the ments, Mr. Allen continues to be a still­ fare does establish large incentives for low­ mother developing artist, ever expanding his tal­ income families to break up, or to never 4.4-outlawed in all cases. ents. During the summer, he has toured form in the first .Place. If a woman with What action should Congress take in the. theaters across the country with his wife children on AFDC does marry, the incentive area of infiation? · is for the stepfather to refuse any obliga­ Jayne Meadows, in three Noel Coward tion to support her children thereby keeping 15.9-enforce firm wage and price controls. plays, appearing in small towns and 9.1-place selective controls on infiated sec­ cities. His future plans extend into every them on AFDC. tors. 54.7-Limit Federal spending and balance area of the entertainment spectrum. There also is a large financial incen­ If there is one bridge between the tre­ tive for either a single woman or a mar­ the Federal budget. ried couple to have the first child. An 20.3-allow the market to fiow freely and mendous spread of his achievements, it is unemployed childless woman, for exam­ find its own level. humor. Mr. Allen is a consummate artist The long term goal of U.S. energy inde­ in the varied professional fields, but the ple, can almost double her benefits-with pendence will require massive research and an additional $1,159 in cash and food development of new power sources. To fi­ quality of humor is always present in his benefits-by having her first child. If nance such, do you support? work. this woman has a second child, the aver­ 19.2-reliance on the private sector for funds. Should he confine himself to the en­ age gain in cash and food benefits is 17 .6-all-out Federally-funded efforts like tertainment world, he could hardlY be $756. This is a 31-percent increase. Al­ that used to develop our space program. criticized, but Mr. Allen has a sincere 36.1-joint government-industry financed though the gains are lower than for sin­ programs. concern for political participation as gle-parent households, the financial in­ 27.1-Federal programs financed through well. He never hesitates to lend active centive for married couples to have chil­ trust funds from an excess profits tax on the support for candidates or social legis­ dren follows a similar pattern. petroleum industry. lation when he feels changes are needed. 27052 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 6, 1974 in into the words over the doorway-"equal jus­ In addition to running GED and PREP He is, effect, a modem-day, Renais­ tice under the law." programs, the center offers courses leading sance man who reaches out to all the Presented by Sue Cott, Editorial Associate, to undergraduate degrees through the Uni­ arts. Therefore, it gives me sincere pleas­ July 10, 1974. versity of Maryland and City Colleges of Chi­ ure to salute this exceptional artist and cago, and graduate degree programs through to convey the thanks of America for his Arkin.sas and Wayne State universities. many contributions to our happiness and Non-credit 10-hour "kitchen" Turkish well-being. AIR FORCE HONORS Wll.rLIAM BER­ classes are held four nights a week for all LIN'S KARAMURSEL EDUCATION newcomers. CENTER AS AIR FORCE'S BEST IN 1973 EARL WARREN'S LEGACY HON. JOHN A. BLATNIK AMENDMENTS TO H.R. 16090, AS RE­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL OF MINNESOTA PORTED, OFFERED BY MR. CRANE OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ' Tuesday, August 6, 1974 Tuesday, August 6, 1974 HON. PHILIP M. CRANE Mr. BLATNIK. Mr. Speaker, I would OF n.LINOIS Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, it is dif­ like to SUbmit for the CONGRESSIONAL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ficult to find words to express anew~ RECORD an article from Stars and Stripes respect and admiration for the late Ch1ef announcing that the Air Force has named Tuesday, August 6, 1974 Justice of the Supreme Court, Earl War­ the educational center in Karamursel, Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, when the ren and his innumerable achievements Turkey, under the direction of William House considers H.R. 16090, the Federal for 'the cause of justice. Where will we Berlin, as the best Air Force educational Election Campaign Act Amendments of find another man of equal foresight, center in 1973. As a long-time friend of 1974, I will be prepared to offer the fol­ equal courage, and equal humanity? Mr. Berlin, I would like to congratulate lowing amendments: The only adequate memo:ial. t_o this him on this well-deserved honor and wish AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, great man is to .carry o~t ~1s v1s1onary him well in his new assignment at the OFFERED BY MR. CRANE decisions, to instill mearung m the words Misawa Air Base in Japan. I know that Page 2, strike line 13 and all that follows ''equal justice under the law." The man he will bring the same hard-working, down through page 3, line 3, and insert in immortalized by impeachment billboards serious approach to providing the best lieu thereof: and bumper stickers would care less for possible educational opportunities for the "(2) no candidate or authorized commit­ our words than for our actions in pra~se Air Force personnel in Japan as he has tee may accept contributions from other of him. The following WCBS edi~r1al at the Karamursel Center. The article than individuals or polttical party organiza· describes Earl Warren's accom~llsh­ follows: tions." ments and implicates his unfirushed HONORED EDUCATION CENTER SETS HIGH GOAL legacy: social progress and equal justice: (By J. King Cruger) AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, THE WARREN COURT KARAMURSEL, TURKEY.-HOW does an edu­ OFFERED BY MR. CRANE The words "equal justice under the law" cation center get to be the best of its kind Page 2, line 16, strike out ", exceed $5,000." are writ in stone on the Supreme Court in the Air Force? and insert in lieu th'ereof ", exceed $1,000." building in Washington. And no court in our By innovating and trying harder, say those time espoused the cause of equal justice 1n charge at Karamursel Common Defense better than the Supreme Court of Chief Jus· Installation's center. They should know, AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, tice Earl Warren. since they have been named the best In the OFFERED BY MR. CRANE It was the Warren court that handed down Air Force for 1973. Page 4, following line 8, add the following the one-man one-vote decision-a decision The base and the ed center's staff takes ed­ new paragraph: Chief Justice Warren regarded as its most ucation seriously. By order of the base com­ "(7) For purposes of this section, with important achievement. One-man one·vote mander, everyone reporting to the base must respect to a political committee which es­ meant that each member of a legislature had come to the center for a briefing. tablishes, administers, and solicits contribu­ to represent the same number of voters. "This is supposed to be mandatory every­ tions to a separate segregated fund supported Sparsely populated rural areas could no where in the Air Force, but about 90 per cent by payments from a corporation or labor or­ longer be represented by the same number of those we see have never had a thorough ganization, as permitted under Section 610, of legislators as densely populated urban briefing," says William A. Berlin, education the term 'contribution' includes the 'fair areas. For, as Chief Justice Warren ,said, center director for the past six years. market value of services' which an individual .. Legislators represent people not trees. Berlin, who will take over the education who is an employee or member of such cor­ Then there was the landmark "Brown" center at Misawa Ai:r Base, Japan, believes 1n poration or labor organization, respectively, decision. The decision written by Earl War· being aggressive when it comes to education. provides to such a committee for, or for the ren 20 years ago declared that racial segre­ "By the end of each June we aim to have benefit of, a candidate, or which such an gation in public schools was unconstitutional no non·high school graduates on this base. individual provides to, or for the benefit of, because it resulted in unequal education. We just don't allow people to be here with­ a candidate at the direction of such a com­ That was just the beginning. "Brown" out a high school diploma. One way or an­ mittee." opened the floodgates for court decisions other, we'll get a man without a diploma to that struck down racial segregation in pub­ come in here and earn one. We may have to lic parks, bus terminals, housing, swimming needle him and we may have to put a little AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090. AS REPORTED, pools and other public facilities. pressure on him. Whatever it takes we'll do OFFERED BY MR. CRANE The warren Court also advanced equal it," he says. Page 18, immediately following line 2, add rights for those accused of crimes. The court And, do it they do. More than 67 per cent the following language: ruled that every defendant no matter how of the 11,600 service personnel assigned to the "SEc. 103(a). Section 610 of title 18, poor should be guaranteed legal counsel, and trim, Uttle base south of Istanbul are en­ United States Code is amended by adding at 1n the famous "Miranda" case, it held that rolled in courses they attend during off-duty the end of the second paragraph thereof the all persons had the right to consult a lawyer time. following: before they were questioned by the police "Our goal is to have each person leave here "Provided further, That it shall be un­ and to be advised of that right. with at least two year's college education or lawful for money or anything of value se­ These decisions added up to a quiet social the equivalent," says Berlin. cured by physical force, job discrimination, revolution and the Warren court was ac· "At the last IG inspection there was no financial reprisals, or the threat of force, job cused of everything from coddling criminals base in USAFE Within 60 percentage points of discrimination, or financial reprisals, or by to usurping the powers of Congress. Segre­ us when it came to those taking courses dues, fees, or other monies required as a gationists and John Birchers printed up through local education centers," Berlin says. condition of employment, to be used to pay bumper stickers and blllboards that de­ Besides Berlin, the ed center staff consists the cost of ( 1) communications by a cor­ manded "impeach Earl Warren." of counselor Chester Maxwell, who moves up poration to its stockholders and their But the 16 years Earl Warren was chief to acting director when BerUn departs, T.Sgt. families or by a labor organization to its justice resulted in great social progress and Payton Tanner, NCIOC, and Mrs. Chris Wet­ members and their families supporting or during those years new life was breathed tie, testing monitor. opposing any candidate for any of the offices August 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27053 referred to in this section, or supporting or INFLATION AND THE CONGRESS but not sufficient to bring prices under con­ opposing any political party or political trol. committee, or (2) establishing, administer­ Shultz and Dunlop had supported the con­ ing, and soliciting contributions to a sepa­ cept of an active monitoring agency that rate segregated fund to be utilized for politi­ HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM would work on an industry-by-industry ana. cal purposes by a corporation or labor OF NEW YORK on an agency-by-agency basis with busi­ organization." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ness, labor, and the government agencies. Page 18, line 3, redesignate Sec. 103 as Sec. The purpose would be to open supply bottle­ 103 (b) by inserting "(b) " before the words Tuesday, August 6, 1974 necks and to induce other reforms to ex­ "Section 611 of title 18,". pand supplies and reduce price pressures. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, a timely The formula offers no immediate prospect of article on the special problems the cur­ lower prices but is regarded with increasing rent inflation presents for the Congress favor at the Capitol because of its focus on appeared recently in the Daily Labor Re­ structural and other fundamental causes ot AMENDMENTS TO H.R. 16090 port published by the Bureau of Na­ inflation. The White House has not explicit­ tional Affairs; Inc.

THERE ARE ALSO SHARKS Many young men and women were swim­ guished expert in urban affairs, from In Mirs Bay, which lies to the east, there ming there, too. Swimming has been regard­ speaking. Professor Banfield has become are strong currents that can sweep swim­ ed as a revolutionary activity elsewhere in a target of the radical left because, as mers past one of the several small islands for China ever since Chairman Mao Tse-tung's James Ring Adams points out in the Wall which they usually aim and out to the celebrated swim in the Yangtze River eight South China Sea. Now and then, there are years ago. In Canton, however, the motives of Street Journal, he "is an influential crit­ also sharks. Two weeks ago a 23-year-old a dedicated swimmer are likely to be suspect. ic of social reform proposals who has woman named Tang Lai-yee managed to swim The former Red Guard and other refugees irritated many liberals by his argument to safety after a shark had snapped off her who were interviewed described a youth that the state of the cities is neither as right foot. Her three companions never made scene in Canton that has its own special bad nor as easily changed as it has been it. slang, full of new coinages that are used made out to be." In the first six months of the year, the in veiled discussions of the prospects for The attack against scholarly ideas does police here reported the arrival of 2,833 111egal fleeing. They speak, for instance, of shift­ immigrants from Kwangtung, an increase of ing their feet, meaning that they are point­ not, however, end with Professor Ban­ 35 per cent over the number reported for the ing them now to Hong Kong; or of pulling field. Mr. Adams writes: first half of 1973, and more than twice as up anchor, meaning that they are ready to On a number of college· ca.mpuses across many as were reported for all of 1970. go. the country, reputable scholars have found The police statistics are the known cases. Because a permit is needed to buy a com­ themselves targets of a campaign against The number of the unknown cases, Can­ pass in Canton, the young man said, he made "racism," even though nothing in their writ­ tonese who quietly meld into Hong Kong's his own in preparation for the 10-day hike ings would seem to r.aise the issue. The SDS population without bothering to make them­ that he and his brother took to the coast. and several smaller groups . . . have harassed selves known to the authorities, is anyone's Asked where he learned to make a compass, professors at Temple University, San Fran­ guess. The immigration Department, which he replied: "It's common knowledge among cisco State College, Wayne State University, operates on the theory that the police the young men my age in Canton." the University of Connecticut at Storrs, and statistics should generally be multiplied by He said he had been earning 22 yuan the University of Washington. a factor of three, estimates that 8,230 persons (about $11} a month on the rubber planta­ escaped in the first half of the year. tion. Illegal immigrants from the less pros­ The SDS publication, New Left Notes, Even if that estimate is accepted, it rep­ perous communes in southeast China not boasts of attempts to ban such "racist'' resents only a trickle when set against infrequently quote levels of remuneration of books as an introductory sociology text Kwangtung's population of 42 million, let $5 a month or less when questioned about that discussed "the culture of poverty" alone the total of more than 800 million Chi­ their motives for flight. theory, a psychology text that explains nese. But a substantial proportion of the il­ The minority of the new arrivals who put IQ tests, and a popular environmentalist legal immigrants these days are urban youths their motives in political terms almost in­ tract that warns about overpopulation. who have been sent to rural communes from variably say that they had trouble in China Canton and other cities in Kwangtung as because of a "bad" class background; that At Yale University, 150 students took part of the general movement in China to is, that they lived under a cloud because part in a noisy demonstration which pre­ send "educated young people" from the cities their forebears were landlords or merchants. vented Prof. William C. Shockley from to the countryside. But according to Prof. Martin Whyte, a participating in a debate. Kingman Reviewed in that context, the rise in the University of Michigan sociologist who has Brewster, Jr., president of Yale, de­ number coming to Hong Kong does not seem had 70 extended interviews with refugees as nounced the 75 minute chanting, stomp­ incidental. part of a study on the rural family in ing, clapping protest as representing the In the last four years, it is said, more than Kwangtung, "most of the cases fit generally 100,000 youths have been "rusticated" from into the category of economic opportunity." choice of. "storm trooper tactics in prefer­ Canton to the communes. In that same pe­ The coastal provinces of Kwangtung and ence to free speech." riod, about 70,000 illegal immigrants are Fukien, he noted, have traditionally regarded Measure, the publication of the Uni­ estimated by the Immigration Department­ emigration as a way out of economic difficul­ versity Centers for Rational Alternatives, to have made their way to Hong Kong. Even ties. "To a certain extent," he said, "these a group headed by such leading acad­ if the estimate is discounted by 50 percent people are not totally apolitical in that they emicians as Sidney Hook, Joseph Scran­ and it is assumed that only one in four was feel that the political system keeps them dis, and M. M. Todorovich, declares: a "sentdown" youth-a conservative guess-­ from having opportunities they think they that would st111leave nearly 9,000 youths who should have. But most of them cannot be The picture being formed is becoming have fled to the colony to evade that draft. called anti-Communist. Essentially, they are clearer. Radical groups from the remains of Many more must have tried and failed. just looking for a better break." the New Left are making a serious and con­ Interviews with the youths tend to con­ The former Red Guard, who used a Chinese certed effort to regain their former position firm the impression left by the statistics­ term that is best translated as "escapee" to on American campuses. They hope that the that Hong Kong is alluring now to many describe himself, said he had come to Hong grace charge of racism will do it for them. By young Chinese who live near enough to make Kong because he wanted a job with a future. focusing on some of the more extreme ex­ the attempt because it represents a haven "They say there is no unemployment in Can­ trapolations ... they hope to associate with from the countryside. ton," he remarked, 'but that's because every­ them others whose teachings may have Reached here last month on his second one is sent to the countryside. Going to the nothing to do with race at all. They then attempt after five-and-a-half years on a rub­ countryside isn't employment." can hope to tar all those who defend aca­ ber plantation on Halnan Island, traced his demic freedom as racists too. These efforts own decision t o flee to a photograuh he re­ have led to disgraceful acts of political ter­ ceived in the mall in 1972. The picture show­ rorism against individual professsors. ed a young man posing in front of the Hong THE RADICAL ATTACK UPON Mr. Adams' article, "Shut Up, Profes­ Kong skyline, dressed in a smart sports jacket and a tie. He was a friend of a. friend, ACADEMIC FREEDOM sor!", which appears in the June 25, 1974, and he had reached the colony by swimming. issue of the Wall Street Journal, is an "I never saw such beautiful clothes in important contribution to the discussion Canton ," the former Red Guard said. HON. PHILIP M. CRANE of this unfortunate state of affairs. I wish In June, 1973, the young man made his OF ILLINOIS to share this article with my colleagues, first attempt to flee and was attacked by a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and insert it into the RECORD at this time: police dog just as he reached the coast. He SHUT UP, PROFESSOR! was then arrested and held in detention Tuesday, August 6, 1974 camps fo-r a little more than a month before (By James Ring Adams) being sent back to the rubber plantation. The Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, in recent In t he recently-ended academic year, few first camp, in Paoan County, had about 300 days there have been increasing attacks if any colleges closed down in crisis. The young men like himself, he estimated, who upon academic freedom at the Nation's mood has been described as apathetic, and had been caught trying to flee; the second. colleges and universities. Speakers ex­ even complacent. But measured against aca­ in Canton, had about 1,000. pressing unpopular opinions have been demic ideals, the campuses are stlll dis­ MANY PRACTICE SWIMMING forced from lecture platforms and a new turbed. Faced now with disruptions from Back on Ha.inan Island, he was put through effort is being made by radical students small and often loony radical groups, col­ a routine "criticism" session but otherwise and their supporters on university facul­ leges have not yet :round a way to insu-re that not punished for his defection. By a ruse, free speech can take place. ties to enforce a new conformity upon For at least two universities, indeed, aca­ he managed to get back to Canton where he American intellectual life. persuaded his younger brother to join him demic freedom controversies have outlasted in plotting another attempt to reach Hong At both the Universities of and the school year. Last week a Chicago criminal Kong. From January to May this year, he Toronto, for example chapters of Stu­ court took up charges against five nonstu­ said, they swam in the Pearl River for several dents for a Democratic Society attempted dents charged with disrupting a meeting at hours a day in order to build up their to prevent Prof. Edward Banfield of the the University of Chicago and hitting a dean. stamina. University of Pennsylvania, a distin- (The cases were continued to August 29, on August 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27075 a defense motion.) Meanwhile, the Univer­ sult. In fact, Chicago did take steps to iden­ vent academic racists from lecturing take the sity is pressing extradition proceedings in tify the nonstudent intruders and is now position that the very expression of racist the Detroit courts against two other out-of­ pressing charges against seven of them in theories is a crime to be physically stopped in state disrupters. At the University of To­ the city courts. Two students in the incident much the same way as the burglar must be ronto, a circus-like televised disciplinary have already received six month "suspended stopped. . . . To those who say 'How can hearing has entered its sixth, and possibly suspensions" (which go into effect if the racism be the issue unless we first hear final week. students cause more trouble), and the stu­ what the speaker has to say?' ... the reply Both the Chicago and Toronto incidents dent government voted by a three-to-two must be that their right to hear the speaker involved efforts by SDS chapters to prevent margin to kick SDS off campus for two terms. must cede to the right of his victims to be lectures by Edward C. Banfield, the Univer­ A week before the Chicago talk, Professor free from racial discrimination." A student sity of Pennsylvania's controversial but Banfield went through a two-day ordeal at leader of the Toronto group claimed to draw highly regarded urbanologist. As these in­ the University of Toronto. His lecture and his inspiration from the way "Stalin and cidents show, speech disruptions are no seminar appearances on March 12 were the Communist scientists fought and ex­ longer confined to a few questionable cases, marked mainly by steady heckling, although posed the 'academic racists' of the 1920s, like Dr. William B. Shockley's amat~ur racial a number of radicals stormed on stage after 1930s and 1940s." theorizing. Prof. Banfield is an influential his afternoon talk and might have caused But this campaign against "racism" uses critic of social reform proposals who has ir­ him injury if several Toronto faculty hadn't a very broad definition of this term. The ritated many liberals by his argument that intervened. At his major lecture the second charges against Professor Banfie:td. rest on the state of the cities is neither as bad nor as day--on Adam Smith-campus police took evidence like his positions in favor of "re­ easily changed as it has been made out to be. elaborate measures to protect Mr. Banfield's moval of the minimum wage, arrests in the But the attack against scholarly ideas doesn't personal safety. But someone forgot to secure ghetto on 'probable cause,' and 'closely end with him. the lecture platform. supervised housing projects'" (to quote one On a number of college campuses across When Prof. Banfield arrived to mount the SDS leaflet). The Toronto chapter, which has the country, reputable scholars have found podium, the SDS had taken over the stage tried to raise support among that city's themselves targets of a campaign against and draped it with the placards reading "no 300,000 Italian immigrants, called him "anti­ "racism," even though nothing in their writ­ academic freedom for racists." One nonstu­ Italian." (Even though Mr. Banfield is mar­ ings would seem to raise that issue. The SDS dent, who some thought wore a set of brass ried to the daughter of Italian immigrants and several smaller groups allied in a "Com­ knuckles under his black gloves, threatened to the United States.) mittee Against Racism" have harassed pro­ to harm him if he went further. His Toronto Chicago radicals, trying to rouse their own . fessors at Temple University, San Francisco faculty hosts angrily called off the lecture, constituency, labeled him "anti-Latin." SDS State College, Wayne State University, the and Prof. Banfield went home. propaganda at his own University of Penn­ University of Connecticut at Storrs, and the Toronto is having a more difficult time sylvania gravely accuses him of host111ty to­ University of Washington. The SDS New than Chicago in coping with the incident. ward "blacks, poor whites, Asian-Americans Left Notes boasts of attempts to ban such Immediately after the second lecture, mem­ and native-born Americans," as well as "racist" books as an introductory sociology bers of Toronto's Faculty Association in­ women. text that discusses the "culture of poverty" dignantly accused the administration of lax­ (The Toronto Faculty Association formally theory, a psychology text that explains IQ ity and demanded firm measures to protect denounced these "libelous and scurrilous tests, and a popular environmentalist tract freedom of speech. Within a week, Toronto attacks" on Professor Banfield's work as that warns about over-population, Paul President John Evans proposed a broad "conscienceless distortion of some of his cul­ Ehrlich's "The Population Bomb." policy on disruptions to the University Gov­ tural and class generalizations, taken wholly erning Council, the equivalent of a board of out of their proper context.") THE NCLC'S OBSESSION trustees. The university would guarantee No matter how blatant on their face, how­ The National Caucus of Labor Committee, that any disrupted meeting would be recon­ ever, these disruptions and propaganda a separate group obsessed with alleged "CIA vened within 24 hours and would provide all campaigns ultimately have a corrosive effect and KGB brainwashing" attempts against necessary protection, including metropolitan on the academic atmosphere. Professor Ban­ it s members, goes after researchers on behav­ police. field's reputation has been blackened among ior modification wherever it thinks it finds But at a crowded meeting on March 28 to people who are totally ignorant of his work. them. (A recent NCLC pamphlet on two vote these rules through, the council was The Chicago bureau of the Associated Press, doctors doing drug research at a New York itself the scene of turmoil. As the overflow for instance, reported on May 16 that he "has medical college accused them of training crowd was turned away from the council written that blacks are inferior to whites," "zombie" hit-squads of former drug addicts chamber, some 50 SDS sympathizers tried to such a bald misstatement that even the SDS "to terrorize the population and prepare the force their way in. Breaking in doors and has hesitated to use it. The AP corrected its way for a mllltary take-over within a few slugging it out with a rear guard of campus error eight days later. months.") police, they burst into the meeting and This pressure also makes people reluctant These groups usually count only a few stu­ drowned out the speakers with their shouts. to spread their ideas, or even lecture publicly. dent members, and their attacks agains.t pro­ The council broke up. But it reconvened Professor Banfield himself wants to spare fessors have been heavily reinforced by off­ hastily the next afternoon, calling in 100 other institutions the turmoil that has al­ campus sympathizers. As the incidents at metropolitan police for protection. In a calm ready weakened Toronto and Chicago. He Chicago and Toronto illustrate, universities and unhurried atmosphere, it voted through says, "I don't want to lbe in the position have had trouble coming to grips with this the disruption policy. of a rat carrying fleas infected with the, pattern. The council also tried to settle the prob­ bubonic plague from one place to another." At Professor Banfield's March 20 University lem of how to deal with the student disrup­ Yet some of the more naive "anti-racist" of Chicago appearance, one of the American ters, a major problem since Toronto's dis­ demonstrators scarcely seem aware of the Enterprise Institute's bicentennial lectures, ciplinary body, called the Caput, was in the damage they are doing. Professor Banfield the school tried to limit the audience to in­ advanced stages of atrophy. (No action has recalls that one of his most persistent vited guests and students. But as some 30 been taken against nonstudents in the Ban­ hecklers at Toronto, a very indignant young picketers marched outside, about 10 nonstu­ field incident, or anyone in the governing girl, came up to him between sessions and dent radicals got in, flashing forged univer­ council disruption.) This unwieldy body, asked him to autograph an SDS flyer. "It sity ID cards. After the introduction, said consisting of deans from various depart­ leaves you gasping," he said. "What kind of one Chicago professor the disrupters tried to politics is this?" rush the stage. People in the audience ments, would have been abolished altogether stopped them, he said, "and after some minor last year if students hadn't voted down the pushing and more shouting the disrupters proposed replacement. The council gave it ... got off the stage and took up a position jurisdiction over the disrupters, but the trial directly in front of it, where they unfolded quickly became messier than anyone had ex­ ALLENSWORTH PARK PROJECT a banner and chanted slogans such as "Racist pected. By a quirk of Ontario law, the Caput Banfield you can't hide. We charge you with has quasi-judicial powers and the two SDS genocide." defendants are exploiting them to the full. HON. GLENN M. ANDE.RSON "For the next fifty minutes," the professor The radicals, conducting their own defense OF CALIFORNIA continued, "Banfield sat patiently on the with protracted cross-examinations, have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stage while the disrupters alternated between subpoenaed up to 200 defense witnesses. To vilifying his name and shouting a repetitive cap off the confusion, presiding officer Albert Tuesday, August 6, 1974 harangue at the audience." The talk was Abel, a Toronto law professor, agreed at the Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. canceled at the end of the hour. (It was beginning to allow local educational tele­ vision to videotape the proceedings. Speaker, it is no effort to recall the con­ delivered the next day before a smaller group tributions of Frederick Douglass, Mary of professors.) Said one student, "It's like Woody Allen's Some faculty complain bitterly that the pa.rody of the Chicago Seven trial." McLeod Bethune, George Washington administration should have called city police THE TORONTO RATIONALE Carver, Harriet Tubman, and many to evict the intruders. School officials reply Like the University of Chicago group, the other great black Americans who made that they feel no inhibition about forcibly Toron to SDS claims that thelr basic purpose and continue to make history. Today, I removing disrupters but that in this case is to keep "racist" speakers off the campus. am extremely proud to give tribute to they feared that physical damage would re- Said one sympathizer, "Protesters who pre- another great black American who made 27076 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 6, 1974 history many of us have little or no worth as a park project. Richard other wars, the Pentagon budget has been Humphrey of Senior Planning in Los drastically reduced.. This year we are asked knowledge about-Lt. Col. Allen Allens­ to increase war expenditures by some $8 bil­ worth. Angeles is acting administrator for the lion, or 9.4 %. Why? When even the Secretary Lieutenant Colonel Allensworth was project. of Defense concedes that this is "the first born a slave in 1842 somewhere on a Unique is the Allensworth project for budget in a decade that does not include Southern plantation. Reportedly sold it involves an all-black town expanding support of US forces in combat." twice on the auction block before he es­ into a historical facility not only em­ rr'hen we are asked to .approve new land caped, Allensworth fought for the Union phasizing black culture, but black direc­ forces with ne•w equipment; to extend our side in the Civil War. After the war, he tion as well. This makes the culmination air-lift capacity; to continue supporting dic­ of this project, its authenticity and tatorships all over the world·. I thought we stayed with the military as an Army had renounced the role of world policeman­ chaplain, serving through the Spanish­ scope, a black American first. Hopefully, but in this year's budget we are asked to American War. Upon retirement, Allens­ this endeavor of restoring the town of authorize a "stabilizing m111tary presence" in worth was honored with the rank of lieu­ Allensworth, Calif., will bring awareness the Indian Ocean, which has traditionally tenant colonel, retired, the highest rank of forgotten contributions of black been a zone of peaceful commerce. among na­ attained by any black person at that America. tions. We are beginning a whole new program time. Mr. Speaker, I commend the determi­ of chemical weapons, rather than agreeing to Lieutenant Colonel Allensworth then nation and initiative of Lt. Col. Allen the Geneva Protocol which bans their use. We are a.sked to retire· prematurely our ex­ went to CaUfornia with the dream of es­ Allensworth in founding a colony for his isting surface ships in favor of an entirely tablishing a community for his people, people. And I also commend the remain­ nuclear navy. where all blacks might live and share a ing residents of the town of Allensworth, Most dangerous of all, we are asked to ap­ cultural heritage. Eventually, a site in whose very faith and courage make the prove more accurate nuclear weapons to that Tulare County, located between the cen­ upcoming Allensworth Historical Park we can pinpoint our destructiveness "not tral valley cities of Fresno and Bakers­ project possible. only on cities and (missile) silos" but also field was chosen by the colonel. upon "a long Ust of important assets" such In 1908, a colony bearing the colonel's as airfields and construction plants. name became the first and only kind of Well aware of the implications, the Penta­ community establishment for blacks. gon is tooling up civil defense again. In his DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS March posture statemenrt, Secretary Schles­ The town of Allensworth grew rapidly, linger outlined plans for the· evacuation of and in 1912 a school district was formed. millions of Americans from 250 urban areas. The small black town even expanded Pilot projects are to begin in eight to ten to include a judicial district in 1914. At HON. BELLA S. ABZUG areas this summer. This is the first major civil defense initiative since the early 60's, when a its peak, the Allensworth Colony devel­ OP NEW YORK very tense situation existed between the US oped into an 80-acre enterprise and sup­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the Soviet Union. ported nearly 200 families. Today, in Tuesday, August 6, 1974 All of this is being watched by the rest of 1974, a few remaining members of this the world with great alarm; especially by the still all-black town in California remem­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, I am very Soviet Union, which can only react by in­ ber well how the people of Allensworth much disturbed that the Committee on creasing its own defenses. once gathered around the colonel to hear Appropriations has seen fit to cut only This is a confrontation budget. Negotia­ his philosophy of life. One long-time $3.7 billion from the requested appro­ tion itself is viewed as another form of com­ resident remembers Colonel Allensworth priation for the Department of Defense. bat. Despite all the Administration's rhetoric about detente, SALT agreements and mutual as a "good and capable leader." Now, a Even this is partially offset by transfer balanced force reductions, we are moving in variety of factors including the passing authority for $410 million from appro­ the direction of more, and more aggressive, of the colonel in 1914, and inadequate priations for previous years, leaving a net weaponry. We are told we must develop ever living conditions have sent the town on cut of only $3.3 billion. more lethal weapons as "bargaining chips". the road to decline. However, Allens­ I am disturbed by the enormous ap­ Obviously hawks in the Soviet Union will in­ worth will not sink into obscurity. propriation of over $83 billion-almost $5 sist upon doing the same. Where will it end? California is in the process of purchas­ billion more than last year-in this one Let us examine briefly several aspects of bill, which by no means covers all aspects the proposed budget. That $94 blllion rep­ ing the town of Allensworth. Proposition resents nearly 48 % of government spending 1, which was recently passed by Cali­ of military expenditures. But I am even requiring approval by Congress. An addi­ fornia voters, allows for the development more disturbed by the implications of tional $2.8 blllion in a supplemental request of State beaches, parks, and recreation such funding. We appear to say to the for 1974 would, according to Senator Prox­ and historical facilities. This bond meas­ world that we have no serious intention mire, make the amount "more than $10 bil­ Ure will supply a substantial amount of of seeking peace, but instead plan new lion higher than last year's budget in cur­ funding toward Allenworth's goal of be­ and aggressive action. rent dollars and a whopping $4.4 billion after coming a black historical park. The proj­ To explain in detail some of these im­ fully allowing for in~ation." ect will focus on and represent the plications, I testified on May 30, 1974, In the Military Procurement bill, for ex­ before the Subcommittee on Defense Ap­ ample, weapons procurement is up 23.4%, growth and contributions of blacks as a research, development, testing and evalua­ result of their roots in Allensworth. propriations of the House Appropriations tion, up 15.9 %, operation and maintenance Entire restoration of the colony as it Committee. I would like to insert that of the military establishment, 13.7 %, active was in the days of the colonel is planned, testimony into the RECORD today: duty military personnel, up 6.5 %, reserves including the colonel's house, town build­ TESTIMONY OF THE HONORABLE BELLA S. ABZUG including the National Guard, up 9 %. ings, and a church. Plans for the recon­ BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON DEFENSE In other legislation soon to be considered struction of the Allensworth Colony also APPROPRIATIONS by the Congress we will be asked to approve involve a complete intellectual center, a Mr. Chairman, Members of the Committee, $3 .3 billion for mllltary construction, $1.3 museum, research area, and other signif­ I appreciate this opportunity to present for billion in military aid to allies, $47 million icant emphases on black culture. your consideration my objections to the mili­ for the Selective Service System and, please tary budget for Fiscal Year 1975. As you note, $86 mlllion for civil defense. This is in In charge of drawing up incorporation know, I have objected each year to the ever­ addition to the miUtary component of the papers for the implementation of Allens­ rising military budget, and this year I object Atomic Energy Commission's budget, almost worth is Dr. Kenneth G. Goode, vice even more strenuously. For this year we have $1.5 billion. chancellor of the University of Cali­ not only the highest peacetime budget in our The uses proposed for these funds freeze forn1a at Berkeley. According to Dr. history, but the most dangerous request ever us into commitments that add nothing to Goode, the complete reconstruction of made by the Pentagon: the proposal to con­ our national security, but increase provoca­ Allensworth will span a 10-year period. vert our nuclear policy to a first-strike capa­ tion. b111ty. Let us start with Southeast Asia, because B~ack consultants, Willis & Associates, I will return to that, but first let me note we thought we were through with Southeast Will plan the pattern and design of the the newly provocative stance in the overall Asia. The public still labors under the delu­ colony. A black ranger has also been request. The very magnitude of the request is sion that peace with honor has been achieved signed on for coordination of Aliens- staggering-over $94 billion dollars. After in this region, because our troops no longer August 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27077 fight there. Yet we are still asked to fund them 25 years ago-and now we urge them STRATEGIC WEAPONS MILESTONES the Saigon government at the same level as to reverse it. last year-and the House of Representatives In other parts of the world, too, Ameri­ United States Soviet Union goes along with this, while the Senate Armed can military support is the dominant factor. Services Committee recommends only a For example, we are giving to the military Atom bomb ______1945 ______1949. token cut in funds. We stm plan to under­ junta. that took over Chile, the aid we dented write 86% of the expenses of the govern­ to the Allende government. In Greece we ln~6~o;~~~~~~~~~~~~~e~~~---- 1948 ______1954-55. ment of South Vietnam-a small, elite seg­ continue supporting a government that sup­ Carrier-based aircraft with 1950 ______Not to date. ment of the population, building Swiss bank presses its citizens' freedoms. lnfeur~~~[in~~~~~ns. strategic 1948 ______1954-55. accounts while average people die in the post­ Are we in effect imposing a Pax Americana bomber. war war. We still pay the salaries of several upon the rest of the world? If we had a Hydrogen bomb test______1952 ______1953. thousand "civilian technicians" without new, constructive approach there might be Forward land-based aircraft Not to date. _____ Early 1950's whom Saigon could not maintain the world's some justification; instead we follow the old su~~~r~~~~~~~i~e~i~~~e ____ 1954 (no longer 1962. fourth largest air force: American civilians dictum that Might makes Right. We have operational). keep the planes running. We still maintain not yet grasped the 20th century reality; ICBM test______1958 ______1957. in a country the size of an average state, we live in one world that can all too easily Low-penetration bomber ___. _ 1959 ____ _·----- Not to date. the biggest American Embassy in the world, Nuclear-powered strategic 1960 __ _, ·------1968. be blown up. submarine (16 tubes and and "our" Ambassador advises the State De­ This brings me to my major concern-the long-range missiles). partment not to give full and honest answers start of new nuclear hardware that would Forward land-based missiles_ 1959-60 (no Not to date to a u.s. Senator's question. Nor will the longer (Cuba 19 62 improve the accuracy and yield of our mis­ operational). failed). Saigon government admit visitors--except siles and eventually enable us to destroy an Supersonic bombP.L ______1960 ______Not to date. for a chosen few-to the prisons in which, enemy's retaliatory forces by a first strike. Heavy ICBM ____ ------1960------1960. it is alleged, thousands of neutralists are It is claimed that this would give the Presi­ High speed reentry missiles Early 1960's ____ Not to date ) confined without trial. (high ballistic coefficients (tests 1973 • dent greater "fl.exib111ty" of reponse to a for accuracy). The Administration proposes to give more nuclear threat. Forward bases for strategic 1961______Not to date. aid to Indochina than to the rest of the submarines. world combined: $3.7 billion for Indochina, Our missiles for many years have been On-board computers in mis- 1960 ______Not to date. compared to $3.543 billion for the rest of the targeted on Soviet cities, and theirs on ours, siles. (tests 1973). world. in a defensive posture that prevented either Solid propellant ICBMs ______1962 (1,000 in 1968 (60 in side from risking a first strike. What we 1974). 1974). Put another way, 0.8 of the world's popu­ now propose would move away from the con­ Synchronous orbit satellites 1963 ______1974. l'ation is receiving 46.6% of total U.S. eco­ (for good early warning cept of "mutual assured destruction" to an capability). nomic and military aid. This is contained in acceptance of limited nuclear war. If we now MRV testing ______1963 ______19 68 . funds for Indochina Postwar Reconstruction retarget our missiles to aim at Soviet de­ Penetration aids in missiles 1964 ______Not to date. ($917 million); Food for Peace, $237.8 mil­ (chiefly, decoys, etc.). fenses, as well as cities, we are inviting the MRVmissiles operationaL ____ 1964 ______1973. lion; Military Assistance Service Funded pro­ Testing of ICBM MIRV ______1968 ______1973. grams ($1.6 billion originally requested): interpretation that we plan to knock out their capacity to retaliate. This adds what Testing of SLBM MIRV ______1968 ______Not to date. M111tary assistance program and credit sales, ICBM MIRV operationaL ____ 1970______Do. $49.8 million; and Indochina-related forces, the Federation of American Scientists calls SLBM MIRV operationaL ___ 1971______Do. $463 million. These figures are compiled from "a new rung on the nuclear ladder ..." Operational ABM system _____ Not to date 1968-69?. It is directly opposed in spirit to the reso­ (1975 the AID summary submitted to Congress in planned). April, the State Department and the Depart­ lution introduced by Senators Kennedy and ment of Defense comptroller's office. Mathias, with 26 cosponsors, calling for Of this $3.7 billion, the House authorized "equality through reductions" rather than We could, however, kUl Blbout 21% of the $1.126 billion in the M111tary Procurement building up weapons. Russian population from immediate effects bill now before us, HR 14592. The Conference As always at budget time, the Pentagon of bombs, and destroy about 72% of their Committee is to be congratulated for refus­ tells us that there is a new threat from the industrial capacity. ing to permit a Pentagon bookkeeping charge SOviet Union. Upon analysis, however, the Musing about this in March, President that would have given South Vietnam an threat is that the Soviets may catch up to us Nixon told a secret strategy session, according extra $266 million in a supplemental request in one area by the 1980s. No one claimed, to Jack Anderson: for 1974. But why should we be giving $1.126 or would dare to claim, that we are behind "I could push this button right here, and billion to South Vietnam, or even the $900 the Soviets in overall military capab111ty. in twenty minues, seventy million Russians milion that the Senate Committee recom­ would be dead. And twenty-five minutes mended? I would like to include here a table of later, seventy million Americans would be Strategic Weapons Milestones, compiled by As Senators Abourezk, McGovern and oth­ dead." ers pointed out in testifying before the Sen­ the Center for Defense Information. Not only I doubt that we need to improve upon ate Armed Services Committee, as US milf­ does it show a consistent U.S. lead in weap­ that. tary aid has increased, our so-called com'­ ons development, it also shows that the So­ The US has 7,940 strategic warheads now mitment has increased, following the dan­ viet Union does not even have some 12 com­ and is expected to have almost 10,000 by gerous precedent of the 1950s. Not only are ponents that we consider essential, such as 1977. There are only 200 major cities in the we supporting a corrupt regime, we are mak­ carrier-based aircraft with nuclear weapons, Soviet Union. And the Soviets have only 2600 ing it impossible that any accommodation on-board computers in missiles, and opera­ strategic nuclear weapons. In 1971 the United wlll be reached by the warring sides. The tional MIRVs. States had 4700 and the Soviets, 2100. It is World Bank has predicted that foreign aid obvious how greatly the US lead has increased will be necessary through 1990. Is the United Senator Mcintyre, chairman of the Senate since the SALT agreement in 1972. We con­ States prepared to permit this continuing Armed Services Committee on M111tary Re­ tinue producing these weapons at a rate of drain on our resources? search and Development stated on May 1: about four a day; the Soviets, about one a. We accuse Hanoi of violating the peace "I for one get weary and skeptical of the day. How much is enough? agreements, which is undoubtedly true; but uncritical litany which somehow judges our M111tary planners profess great alarm that Saigon's violations are numerous also. It is technology in the worst possible light and the Soviets have begun testing MIRVs: even illegal to reprint the Paris Peace Agree­ theirs in the best . . . Their subs are not Multiple independently-targeted re-entry ment in South Vietnam-which tells us a as quiet; their missiles not as accurate; vehicles. They do not remind us that the US already has more than 750 operational and great deal. their warheads not as efficient; their com­ deployed MIRVs. puters as advanced; their ASW as Further, our troops are still poised in Thai­ not not The MIRVs, in fact, are a good example of land, some 30,000 of them, with the sole effective; their sub-launched missiles are not the arms race. At the insistence of the Penta­ purpose of resuming bombing if fighting in­ MIRVed; their bombers are not truly gon, the US developed MIRVs even while the tensifies--despite the many Congressional intercontinental." SALT talks were progressing. MIRVs made expressions disapproving such bombing. Secretary of Defense James R. Schlesinger obsolete the Soviet's chief defense, the inter­ Through such aid, and the presence of has acknowledged that U.S. strategic forces continental ball1stic missile. They are now thousands of troops, the American mtlitary have for years had the capab111ty, both in racing to catch up and are in the testing influence continues to dominate Southeast weapons and in planning, for a "flexible stage. Meanwhile we move on to MARVs­ Asia and the CIA influence is strong. response." "Our war plans," he said in his maneuverable nuclear warheads that can be We are beginning to urge Japan to assume March statement, "have always included redirected in flight by a sensor in the warhead a. military role, over the protest even of the military targets." and an on-board computer. These horrors may even be used in combination with an Japanese government. It is ironic that the The only thing we cannot now do is to entirely new ICBM. Japanese have so thoroughly incorporated hit with extreme accuracy their hardened The Pentagon claims that improved ac­ the non-military philosophy we left with m111tary targets. curacy w111 minimize "collateral damage"- 27078 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 6, 1974

that is, civ111an casualties. The claim is pat­ ICBM. The amendment was defeated but I nent would be placed in projectiles in Pine ently absurd. In an Article in SCIENTIFIC believe that as the Congress and the Nation Bluff, Arkansas; the other component, an AMERICAN for May 1973, Barry Carter states, come to understand what 1s involved in these alcohol reagent obtained commercially, "Since the possible improvement in accuracy new programs, they will cut them off now would be shipped, stored and handled in for the Minuteman, for example, is at most before they balloon into billion-dollar mon­ a separate cannister that would be loaded about 1000 feet even in the long run, the strosities. into the weapon just before firing. Sup­ number of civillan fatalities will hardly be In a report on "Military Polley and Budget posedl.y this would reduce the· danger, since reduced significantly 1f a. warhead at least 3 Priorities" a group of 21 former members of the separate chemicals do not become lethal to 11 times the size of the Hiroshima bomb the Defense establishment headed by former until the shell 1s spinning toward its target. lands a few hundred feet closer to the in­ Asst. Sec. of Defense Paul C. Warnke, stated However, the overall risks of this project tended target.... If there is a large-scale that "None of the counterforce programs ... are tremendous-and very similar to those nuclear exchange, then there simply 1s no should be included in the FY 1975 budget. impUcit in the "improvement" of nuclear way of keeping civilla.n damage at a low level. This relatively low request for research and weapons. Arm Specialist Herbert Scoville, Jr., The effects not only of immediate blast but development money would be the opening points out that it 1s a vast jump from con­ also of radioactivity would kill millions." wedge for programs which could in time cost ventional to nuclear war; but by interject­ Throughout the article he argues that the billions of dollars. We should halt these dan­ ing chemical weapons, "you are putting an risks we take for minimal improvements in gerous and unnecessary new programs now intermediate step in the escalation of war­ yield and accuracy are unacceptable. Even before they start; not start them as 'bar­ fare to weapons of mass destruction . . ." Secretary Schlesinger, in defining his strat­ gaining chips.' Experience has shown that Chemicals, in other words, are a temptation egy of "essential equivalence" recently testi-. we cannot rely on arms control negotiations to retaliation. fied that "We do not have to have a match to stop such developments once really under­ If we were really seeking to defend the US for everything in their arsenal. They do not way.'' from chemical warfare, we would be manu­ have to have a match for everything in our We need only compare the budgets of the facturing gas masks and body armor. Mr. arsenal." two agencies to assess their relative impor­ Evans of Colorado has correctly stated that These new counterforce programs, in other tance to this Admiinstration. The Arms Con­ "the supreme irony of our chemical nerve words, do not meet any existing or foresee­ trol & Disarmament Agency gets a paltry $9.5 agents is that they pose the greatest danger able need. They vastly increase the risk of million, while the Dept. of Defense is slated to our own people." nuclear war and decrease the likelihood of to get $94 billion. Some twelve million dollars is requested agreements. Not only are we risking nuclear war, we are this year for this conversion, and the even­ Further, the Congress should entirely re­ inviting local disaster. The threat posed to tual cost 1s expected to be $1.5 to $2 billion. ject the proposal to retire prematurely our our own people by stepped-up nuclear pro­ This would keep us in the nerve gas business existing naval surface ships and to build all duction is incalculable. The chllling possi­ for years to come. future "major combatant vessels" with nu­ bilities are described by Thomas O'Toole in Again, this conflicts with our supposed clear propulsion. This policy can only be for May 26 and 27: the goal of reducing and controlling armaments. viewed as a make-work welfare program for possib1lities for atomic theft and blackmail, While our negotiators at Geneva continue private shipyards. by small nations and terrorist groups; and to "express interest" in banning chemical Nuclear propulsion may make the Posei­ the threat of accidents during transporta­ weapons, they have produced no concrete don/Polaris submarines harder to detect but tion of nuclear materials. The risk of incin­ proposal. U.S. insistence upon exempting nuclear propulsion will add nothing to fire­ eration from nuclear theft, Mr. O'Toole ex­ herbicides and riot control agents from any power or speed or maneuverability. The plains, is greater than that of being hit by agreement has prevented our signing the greater endurance and time spent between lightning-perhaps one chance in 100,000. Geneva Protocol, which we ourselves intro­ port-calls would be of importance only in a For plutonium and enriched uranium are duced in 1925. This leaves our negotiators in protracted war at sea with the Soviet Union. being transported all the time, all over the an embarrassing position, as the only major In an age of strategic nuclear weapons, this country, and the Atomic Energy Commission power refusing to ratify the protocol-while is a contingency too remote to be plausible. admits that security precautions are not the Russians gain a propaganda advantage by No increase in the cost of oil could conceiv­ nearly tight enough. Their own study con­ proclaiming their willingness to halt the ably offset the inordinate expense of the ini­ cluded that " ... the point of view adopted, production and.use of chemical and biologi­ tial cost of construction of an all nuclear the amount of effort expended and the level cal agents. fleet, or the dangers of proliferating nuclear of safety achieved in keeping special nuclear Why, our constituents ask, would Congress materials. material out of the hands of unauthorized go on blindly approving such fantastic and Growing concern among our European al­ people is entirely out of proportion to the dangerous spending? The question deserves lies caused the chief representative at the 26- danger to the public.... " Between one and study. nation Geneva Disarmament talks to attempt two million people, they note, have already Laying aside the Fre · ~dian fascination of reassurance. US Ambassador Joseph Martin been trained by the United States in the boys with "the big bang"-and laying aside stated last week that "the US government handling, moving and operation of nuclear the "Mt. Everest psychology," that because a has no intention whatever to treat such tac­ weapons. The AEC actually loses as much as technology exists, we must use it--! believe tical systems as interchangeable with con­ 100 pounds of uranium and 60 pounds of that the answer lies in part with the Ameri­ ventional arms. We fully appreciate that the plutonium every year, enough to make more can obsession to be "Number one.'' If some­ distinction, or 'firebreak' between nuclear than 10 atomic bombs. one suggests that we aren't, we begin to and nonnuclear arms is a major factor in pre­ We lose the bombs, too. Four fell out of a worry, without really examining the facts. venting nuclear warfare, and we will not act B-52 over Palomares in Spain, and another The U.S. spends 60% of all money spent for to erode this distinction." four fell from another B-52 over Green­ armaments in the world, and 95% of all the While such promises are hopeful they are land. These were recovered, but another money spent in this hemisphere. not entirely reassuring, since promises have bomb is lost and still missing in a South From this and the evidence earlier quoted, not always governed actions. A more prudent Carolina swamp, and one in the Pacific. I would say we need have little fear of not course would be a fiat prohibition upon the Outside of weapons in stockpile, the US being Number One m111tarily. Whether we development or deployment of very small tac­ has over 40,000 atomic weapons scattered are first in the hearts of our client states is tical weapons such as "atomic grenades" or around the world. Most are in the United another matter. land mines. States but some 7000 are in Europe and a Much of our hardware is developed not The Pentagon, according to the Washing­ smaller number in the Far East. Even a for the direct protection of the United States ton Post report of the disclaimer at Geneva, "small" bomb could kill over 100,000 people but for the protection of our NATO allies. On would not be precluded by this stated policy by blast and 5000 by radiation. their behalf we maintain thousands of troops from "making some qualitative improvements The AEC has also demonstrated that the in Europe and stockpile nuclear and chemical in existing types of tactical nuclear weapons, expertise needed to make such a bomb is weapons which they would not tolerate on such as reducing the atomic yield or improv­ becoming more and more plentiful, and the their own soil. ing the accuracy of art1llery shells or tactical instructions exist in any library. This is not altruism, needless to say. We missile warheads." But it is precisely these The proliferation of atomic plants will do it to protect our big busines:.; interests, improvements that are causing the concern simply increase the availab1llty of material. chiefiy oil firms. But it is ridir-..tlous to sup­ among other countries. The US now has some 55 atomic power pose that any European war, in this day and In recent debate on HR 14592, the Military plants, with 150 planned by 1980 and 1000 age, would drag on with co:-. entional weap­ Procurement Bill, I introduced an amend­ by the end of the century. There are 90 such ons. It would quickly escalate to a nuclear ment that would have deleted some $250 plants overseas. confrontation and the interjection of the million for research and development of the If the public realized the daily dangers new intermediate step would hasten that following programs designed to build coun­ in which we all live as a result of such pro­ tragedy. Our client states do not rellsh the terforce: the Mark 500 Warhead for Trident liferation, a hue and cry would arise that thought of becoming a battle-ground again, submarine, improved targeting of sub­ would drown out even the Pentagon lobby. many express understandable fear that our launched ballistic missiles; terminally We have also become numb to the dangers "protection" may prove merely a temptation guided MARVs, improved yield on Minute­ of nerve gas, but we are just beginning to to conflict. And if our mmtary planners be­ man III, increased accuracy on Minuteman be aware of new dangers posed by the pro­ lieve that such a war could be confined to III, Missile performance measurement sys­ posed conversion to a "binary" system for European shores, their thinking needs tem for minuteman, and a new fixed base producing chemical weapons. One compo- updating. August 6, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27079 Another factor in the reluctance of Con­ Even so conservative an institution as the we have witnessed an alarming flight of gress to act is the nature of Congress itself. First National City Bank of New York warns U.S. capital abroad. When this step was Committees naturally tend to favor those that increased military spending "could be agencies for which they are responsible: an inflationary stimulus to an economy that taken, I expressed my grave reservations The Armed Services Committees in both has already started on the road to recovery over this policy with these words: bodies lean toward the Armed Services. The ... historically, it has seldom proved good In view of the sullen economic climate in Chairman of the Research and Development economics to give an economy a fiscal shot this country, it is difficult to justify remov­ Subcommittee of the Senate Armed Services in the arm by upping defense outlays." ing controls from capital outflows. We will recommended the deletion of funds for the The earlier mentioned group of 21 former need capital investment in this country to counterforce programs; the committee re­ top officials of the Defense Department, the meet the demands of our economic slow­ CIA., the National Security Council, and the down, to develop our energy resources, to ex­ fused to delete them. pand industrial production and create jobs. The Committees actually do not dig too U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, headed by former Assistant Secretary of De­ deeply into military requests; often they par­ fense Paul C. Warnke, in its report on this I am sorry that events have confirmed rot the Pentagon line. For documentation proposed budget, snows how cuts could be my fears. Last month, Andrew Brimmer, I refer you the Congressional Record of made that amount to almost $15 billion-in a member of the Federal Reserve Board, May 20, where many of Chairman Hebert's general purpose forces, strategic forces, mili­ reported that foreign lending activity by statement in the Committee Report are tary efficiency, the military assistance pro­ U.S. banks had jumped by $8.5 billion to shown to be identical to the Pentagon's gram, and aid to Southeast Asia. I include a level of $34 billion since the termina­ report to him. Supposedly this is a commit­ a brief summary of their recommendations tion of controls. This jump represents an tee of experts, but with a few notable ex­ (see llB Chart: Summary of Feasible Re­ ceptions, they rely for their expertise on the ductions in FY 1975 M111tary Budget Au­ increase of about one-third over the level Pentagon. And the Pentagon couches its re­ thority). allowed under controls. quests in language calculated to intimidate Other organizations have recommended At a time when the demand for busi­ the laymen. cuts ranging from $10 billion to $20 blllion. ness loans remains strong, it seems fool­ The Pentagon mystique is aptly described At this time of scarcity of fuel, food and ish to stand by and watch the widespread in the Washington Monthly for May 1973 by consumer needs, Americans are being asked flight of capital to foreign markets. This C. Robert Zelnick: to pare down their spending. It is completely drain exacerbates the already serious " .. . The Pentagon's opponents face much untenable to exempt spending that con­ tributes nothing to our real defense. problem of illiquidity and high interest the same difficulty as critics of the flat-world I urge this committee to recommend an rates-consequences of the tough anti­ theory did in earlier centuries; since con­ overall cut of at least 15 billion dollars from inflationary policies of the Federal Re­ clusive evidence and information is so scanty, the military budget. serve Board. it's hard to prove your point ... The Penta­ In the end it comes back to the matter of Mr. Speaker, it is time we reinstitute gon does what it can to add to this mystique, trust. For twenty years we and the Russians these restraints. We need a more bal­ dressing its proposals up in unintelligible have had to trust each other's wlll to live. anced program to fight our dual problems acronyms (ARBES, SCAD, etc.) and hoarding Even Secretary Schlesinger notes that "his­ the data necessary to evaluate the terms. torically, the Russians have always been a of inflation and recession. The Federal Outside investigators soon discover how lim­ prudent and sober people." And again, speak­ Reserve Board's tight money policy is ited their resources are. They must rely on ing of the decision to start nuclear war, he being undercut by the expansion of a handful of former military officers, a few says that there is "no danger that decision capital outflows. It is not inconceivable once-and-future Defense officials, and per­ wlll be made lightly so long as we can rely that the Federal Reserve will soon be haps five or six knowledgeable congressmen upon the rationality of decisionmakers." Let forced into the position of increasing the and their staff aides. For evaluating almost us not press that rationality too far by irra­ monetary supply just to keep up with any area of national policy, authorities are tional actions. this drain. This expansion could touch legion and resource material virtually inex­ I agree with the former Assistant Secre­ off new inflationary pressures and a new haustible. But in defense debates, the Penta­ tary of Defense and the twenty other former wave of speculation against the dollar. gon's edge is usually insuperable." members of the Defense Establishment, who conclude that " ... our true national secu­ A more prudent economic policy would I believe it is up to the Members them­ rity is neither measured nor insured by call for a re-establishment of capital ex­ selves to correct this situation. The recent tanks, planes, missiles, warships and armed port restraints. We should take steps now poll showing that of all American institu­ men but by the fundamental strength, unity to reinstitute the three programs termi­ tions the military is the most admired, and confidence of our people in our institu­ nated by the administration last Janu­ simply confirms the sad erosion of confidence tions, our economy, and our society. We do ary-the interest equalization tax, the in elected representatives. For a people as not protect but endanger that real security great as ours to repose their faith in mili­ by excessive military spending." Commerce Department's controls on di­ tary might is a tragic commentary on our Thank you for your patient attention. rect investment abroad, and the Federal ineffectiveness here. Military might poses SUMMARY OF FEASIBLE REDUCTIONS IN FISCAL Reserves voluntary foreign credit re­ nothing but threat to ourselves and the YEAR 1975 MILITARY BUDGET AUTHORITY straint program. These three coordi­ world. Surely we have something better to [In billions of dollars] nated programs provide a balanced offer the American People! General purpose forces______5. 9 framework to insure that our capital out­ The Administration has frankly conceded Asia committed forces______2. 4 flow does not precipitate a liquidity that some $6 billion has been added to the Indian Ocean carrier______.1 crisis in our own economy. military budget "to stimulate the economy." Of utmost importance is the Federal Secretary Schlesinger seem to feel that this Reserves ------.6 Procurement ------2.8 Reserve's program to control foreign is perfectly rational. Yet the average citizen Military efficiency______4. 0 lending of U.S. banks. Banking institu­ can point out at a glance · the tremendous Military support personneL______2. 0 tions are the principle source of our pres­ need existing in every community for better Civilian bureaucracy ______2.0 housing, schools, health and other social Strategic forces______2. 5 ent capital outflow. In the :first 5 months services. Further, these jobs would become Counterforce program______. 3 of this year foreign assets of U.S. banks available not just to highly skilled persons Trident submarine ______1.4 increased by a greater margin than in all but to the low-income low-skilled workers B-1 bomber______.5 of 1973. With the other types of capital who are hardest hit by unemployment. Mili­ Strategic defense______.3 flows-long term investments abroad and tary jobs on the contrary usually demand Southeast Asia military assistance_____ 1. 4 the acquisition of foreign securities-the high technical skills; these too could be bet­ Military assistance program______1. 1 data on the impact of terminating cap­ ter used. Senator McGovern has repeatedly ital controls is unclear. These capital proposed an economic conversion plan which Total feasible reductions ______14. 9 flows must be more carefully monitored. would utilize both skilled and unskilled We are seeing ominous signs of a workers. A House Committee is now drafting liquidity crisis. The utility industry is an economic development bill through which TIME TO REINSTITUTE CAPITAL facing the worst capital crunch in its the $6 billion could be far better channeled. CONTROLS history. Municipalities, as well, are suf­ We must remember, too, that the end product of jobs produced by the mllitary is fering from a severe case of capital star­ pure waste. The planes and tanks and bombs HON. CHARLES A. VANIK vation. Interest rates continue at record and missiles produced by thousands of work­ OF OHIO levels. Our improvident monetary policies ers are far beyond our legitimate defense IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are driving us closer and closer to the needs. Either they are used in war-which brink of a new wave of inflation. We must becomes more and more unthinkable--or Tuesday, August 6, 1974 take steps now to reinstitute adequate they soon become obsolete and are scrapped. Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, last January, controls before the wholesale export of In either case, what a waste of human and the administration terminated all con­ American capital strangles the vitality material resources! trols on capital outflows. Since that time of our economy. 27080 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS August 6, 1974 PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THJi! mittee, for any party meeting the require­ ONE NATION UNDER GOD CAMPAIGN REFORM BILL ments of this subsection. Page 20, line 23, strike out "(e)" and in· sert in lieu thereof "(f)". HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER HON. BILL FRENZEL OF CALIFORNIA OF MINNESOTA AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, OFFERED BY MR. FRENZEL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Page 2, beginning in line 9, strike out Tuesday, August 6, 1974 Tuesday, August 6, 1974 "paragraphs (2) and (3)" and insert in lieu thereof the following: paragraph (2) Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, my good Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, when Page 2, strike out line 13, and all that fol­ friend, Col. Allison Miller of Los Altos, the election reform bill, H.R. 16090, is lows down through page 3, line 3. Calif., recently commended two articles before the House, I and my colleagues, Page 3, line14, strike out " ( 3) " and insert in the magazine Sharing, a journal of Mr. FROEHLICH and Mr. DUPONT, intend in lieu thereof " ( 2) ". Christian healing, to my attention. I be­ to offer the following amendments: Page 3, line 6, strike out "(4)" and insert in lieu thereof " ( 3) ". lieve there is much food for thought in AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, these articles and would like to share OFFERED BY MR. FRENZEL Page 3, line 18, strike out "(5)" and insert in lieu thereof " ( 4) ". them with my colleagues and all readers Page 2, line 14, immediately after "com­ Page 3, line 24, strike out "(6)" and insert of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. mittee" and before the parenthesis insert the following: in lieu thereof ·· ( 5) ". ONE NATION UNDER GoD , an official national committee registered Serena under section 303 (e) ( 1) of the Federal Elec­ AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, July 4th is the signal for orators and press tion Campaign Act of 1971, or an official Sen­ OFFERED BY MR. FRENZEL media to extoll the "great American virtues." ate Campaign Committee or an official Con­ Page 2, line 16, strike out "$5,000" and in- we will be urged to consider and emulate gressional Campaign Committee registered sert in lieu thereof "$10,000". . the sterling qualities of our ancestors-and under section 303(e) (2) of the Federal Elec­ I join the chorus! tion Campaign Act of 1971 AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, Let us be very careful to remember the Page 2, beginning in line 16, strike out OFFERED BY MR. FRENZEL common denominator of them all-under "Contributions" and all that follows down Page 4, immediately after line 8, insert God! Consistently, throughout our history through the period in line 21, and insert in the following: we find the golden thread of reliance on lieu thereof the following: "(7) No candidate or his principal cam­ God for guidance, power, and protection. No official national committee registered paign committee may knowingly accept any Even our coins carry the reminder, "In God under section 303 (e) ( 1) of the Federal Elec­ contribution from any political committee, we trust." Religion has been the very basis tion Campaign Act of 1971 shall make con­ other than an individual or a local, State, of our democracy! tributions to any candidate (other than the or national political party organization reg­ Before we allow freedom of religion to be candidate for the office of President of the istered under section 303 of the Federal Elec­ reinterpreted as freedom from religion, lead­ United States for whom it is serving as the tion Campaign Act of 1971, unless (A) such ing to denial of all religion, let us consider principal campaign committee), and no offi­ political committee is acting as the agent of what happens to the "great virtues" when cial Senate Campaign Committee or official an individual contributor, (B) the individ­ the concept of under God is eliminated. Congressional Campaign Committee regis­ ual contributor designates such candidate or Self-reliance, interpreted as "God helps tered under section 303(e) (2) of such Act his principal campaign committee as the those who help themselves", was an absolute shall make contributions to any candidate, recipient of such contribution, and (C) the necessity to the pioneers and to an who with respect to any election for Federal identity ot the individual contributor is dared to establish a new nation. This led to office, which, in the aggregate, exceed $10,000. furnished to such candidate or his principal mutual reliance. How often helping each Page 2, line 23, strike out "section 303" campaign committee by such political com­ other was absolutely essential to survival! and insert in lieu thereof "section 803 (a) ". mittee. No undesignated contribution to a Without under God, self-reliaince deterio­ Page 20, line 22, strike out "subsection" political committee acting as an agent of an rates into 'Tvery man for himself, and the and insert in lieu thereof "subsections" and individual contributor may be made to a devil take the hindermost". Mut_ual con­ immediately after line 22 insert the follow­ candidate or his principal campaign com­ cern and helpfulness are drowned in the wave ing: mittee by such political committee.". of "What's in it for me?'' " (e) ( 1) Any political party which had Industry-Without hard work the nation candidates for Federal office on the ballot in AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, could never have prospered. Wilderness sur­ vival required it. Under God, man rested on ten or more States on the Tuesday next after OFFERED BY MR. FRENZEL the first Monday in November in the last Sunday; he worked as hard as he could, but preceding even numbered year may file a Page 29, line 12, strike out " (C) " and all he had an innate trust that God would do statement with the Board of Supervisory that follows down through "(D)" in line 16 the rest. When a::1 honest day's toil under Officers in such form and manner and at and insert in lieu thereof " (C) ". God deteriorates into desperately driving such times as the Board may require, desig­ Page 29, line 20, strike out "(E)" and in­ one's self beyond human endurance in ruth­ nating the official national committee of sert in lieu thereof " (D) ". less competition, all manner of evil results: such political party. Such statement shall Page 30, line 8, strike out "(D)" and in­ heart attacks, ulcers, strokes, family prob­ include the information required by subsec­ sert in lieu thereof " (C) ". lems, frustration, discontent, etc. There is tion (b) of this section, together with such fulfillment in work we need to do or enjoy additional information as the Board may AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, doing. But when work becomes an obsession require. OFFERED BY MR. FRENZEL that leaves no time or energy for family, "(2) Any political party, the members of Page 13, line 15, strike out "(C)" and all church, community, or even the recreation which comprised more than 20 per centum that follows down through "(D)" in line 19 necessary for health, when it becomes a god of the membership of either the Senate or and insert in lieu thereof " (C) ". to which all else is sacrificed, it becomes a House of Representatives on January 3 of Page 13, line 23, strike out "(E)' and in­ devastating evil. the last preceding odd-numbered year, may sert in lieu tllereof "(D)". Economy-For generations, parents have file a statement with the Board of Super­ Page 14, line 11, strike out "(D)" and in­ tried to teach "Waste not, want not", "Save visory Officers in such form and manner ·and sert in lieu thereof " (C) ". for a rainy day", "Husband your resources". at such times as the Board may require, Upon this concept, under God, the great designating the official Senate Campaign majority of Americans have supported them­ AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, selves, achieved increasingly high standards Committee and the official Congressional OFFERED BY MR. FROEHLICH Campaign Committee of such political party. of living, and provided for their sustenance Such statement shall include the informa­ Page 2, strike out line 13 and all that fol­ in old age. But when the size of a nest-egg tion required by subsection (b) of this sec­ lows, down through page 3, line 3, and insert becomes the god, the virtue of economy is tion, together with such additional informa­ in lieu thereof the following: degraded to miserliness, extreme selfiishness, tion as the Board may require. "(2) No candidate or campaign commit­ a total lack of concern for the needs of tee may accept contributions from other others. It leads to such greed that even hon­ "(3) Upon receipt of a statement filed than individuals or a local, State, or national under paragraph (1) or (2) of this subsec­ political party organizations registered un­ esty is forgotten. tion, the Board shall promptly verify such der section 303 of the Federal Election Cam­ Free Enterprise-Almost any economics statement according to such procedures and paign Act of 1971." expert maintains that .America's success in criteria as it may establish and shall certify commerce results from this fundamental as registered under this subsection not more AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, principle, that it has made America great, than one official national committee, one OFFERED BY MR. DU PONT and any limitation on it is dangerous. This official Senate Campaign Committee, and Page 2, line 16, 3trike out "$5,000" and was true when it was under God. But when one official Congressional Campaign Com- insert in lieu thereof "$2,500". God is not in control, exploitation results. August 7, 1974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 27081 Competition-Under God, competition is special days, and even from our support of Do I forgive transgressors and pray that stimulating and often enjoyable. Under the time honored institutions. they will reform? individual of the very goals for which it Truly, every virtue without God can de­ Do I pray at least daily for my nation and strives. (Each success becomes empty in it­ teriorate into vice. its leaders? self and stimulates an even more difficult Let us remember that our fore-fathers re­ Do I praise God in all things, asking him to ambition, a vicious circle). Most of Jesus' lied on God's guidance u1 rounding our na­ transmute evil or disaster into blessings? principles contained the essence of good tion, that we have prospered under God, Did I joln other Christians on April 30th sportsmanship. We ignore them at our peril. that He has richly blessed us. Let us thank in beseeching God's mercy on our nation? Charity-Charity under God is lovingly Him for his bounty and His protection. Do it now! sharing what we have with the less fortu­ May we never forget that true freedom If My people . . . shall humble themselves, nate. Without God, it leads to self righteous­ is voluntarily living under God because we and pray, and seek My face, and turn from ness, judgmentalism, patronage, pride, en­ love Him and refraining from interfering their wicked ways. . . . I will forgive their couragement of weaknesses, even income tax with the freedom of others because we love sin and I will heal their land. evasion. God honors charity only when it is them as ourselves. Let him who is without sin cast the first based on love and thanksgiving for our own stone. bounty. Jesus warned, Let not your left hand GOD SAVE OUR LAND Blessed is the nation whose God is the Lord. k now what your right hand doeth. If it's Beginning with me! Have I done my part? done to get your name in the paper, Y e have Have I often expressed my thanks for: h ad your reward. God's role in the birth and development of Liberty-Our fore-fathers considered lib­ my nation? AMENDMENTS TO H.R. 16090, AS erty to be freedom from oppression. To in­ Those who toiled, sacrificed, dedicated REPORTED, OFFERED BY MR. terpret liberty solely as freedom to do as their lives and even gave them that I might TREEN one pleases interferes with the rights of have these blessings? others to the same freedom. It results in a Our natural resources and pleasantness of battle as to who shall be free rather than the our land? HON. DAVID C. TREEN concept that everyone shall be free. (If you Others who are honestly, unselfishly work­ are free to take my money, I am not free to ing to improve the heritage of the next OF LOUISIANA use it as I wish.) generation? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Truth can be the excuse for damaging gos­ Have I been a good steward of all these Tuesday, August 6, 1974 sip with the defense that the teller considers blessings? it "to be the truth". Education can become Have I shared generously and lovingly my Mr. TREEN. Mr. Speaker, under leave harmful propaganda when presented only in time and money, with no ulterior motive? to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I the light of the teacher's philosophy. Help­ Have I conserved natural resources and include the following amendments pro­ fulness can be unconscious attempt to con­ avoided polluting them? trol. Morality can be seen only in the light What civic, educational, or philanthropic posed to be offered by me to the bill. of one's personal evaluation. ("Your sins activities have I supported? AMENDMENT TO H.R. 16090, AS REPORTED, To are very bad; mine are excusable or insignifi­ Have I been a good citizen? BE OFFERED BY MR. TREEN cant, because I'm so righteous in other Have I worked, voted, talked in the best On Page 25, line 22: ways.") Even love can be possessiveness, interests of the whole nation? Strike out "subsections (b) and (c)" and making selfish demands for reciprocation, Have my words been those of encourage­ insert in lieu thereof, "subsection (b)" thus interfering with another's freedom. ment or of criticism? On Page 25, line 22 : Do I condone in myself what I condemn in Insert "and" immediately after the semi- Let us return to the Independence Day others? (Income tax evasion, speeding, dis­ colon concept of "under God" and resist those who, crimination, etc.) On Page 25, lines 23 and 24: under the guise of religious freedom, are How is my nation better because of me? Strike lines 23 and 24 making a determined onslaught on our fore­ Have I exercised Christian love for my On Pages 26, line 1: father's concept. They seek to remove God Nation? Strike out "(a)" and insert in lieu there­ from our schools, from our observances of Have I loved my neighbor as myself? of "(b)"

SENATE-Wednesday, August 7, 1974

The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was THE JOURNAL PARTICIPATION OF THE UNITED called to order by the President pro STATES TO REDUCE FAMINE AND tempore (Mr. EASTLAND). Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the reading HUMAN SUFFERING of the Journal of the proceedings of The Senate proceeded to consider the PRAYER Tuesday, August 6, 1974, be dispensed resolution (S. Res. 329) relating to the The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward with. participation of the United States in an L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ international effort to reduce the risk prayer: out objection, it is so ordered. of famine and lessen human suffering, Almighty and eternal God, whose love which had been reported from the Com­ never fails, never forgets or forsakes us, mittee on Foreign Relations with amend­ Thou knowest how greatly we need Thee ments. On page 2, beginning at line 3, COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING strike out the following language: in these crucial days to guide our SENATE SESSION thoughts, to answer our doubts, and to (1) the contribution by the United States keep our faith strong and steadfast. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I to the growing economic and human crisis Bestow upon us a constant sense of ask unanimous consent that all commit­ in the developing world should be primarUy tees may be authorized to meet during in the form of food and the means and Thy divine presence and power. Grant technology to produce it; that we may be men and women who the session of the Senate today. carry the light of truth and righteous­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ and insert in lieu thereof the following ness in our heart, unwavering in our out objection, it is so ordered. language: fidelity to truth, undiminished in our (1) while the United States Government commitment to Thee. In faithfulness to must continue to emphasize and support the expansion of population planning activities Thee, give us the courage to do what we as being essential to the long-range curtail­ ought to do when we ought to do it. CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN ITEMS ON THE CALENDAR ment of global food demand, the United Grant us grace to welcome with thankful States should also contribute to alleviating hearts every act of redemption. Give us Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask the immediate economic and human crisis grace to walk humbly with Thee and to unanimous consent that the Senate pro­ of the developing world by providing as­ embody in ourselves that spirit of com­ ceed to the consideration of Calendar sistance in the form of food and the means passion, kindness, and love which were Nos. 1027 and 1028. and technology to produce it; the marks of the Master, in whose name The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ On page 3, in line 4, strike out "(a) " we pray. Amen. out objection, it is so ordered. and insert in lieu thereof "(A)".