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ITC (Institute for Timber Construction) Roof Erector’s Handbook For the installation and bracing of Erector pre-fabricated timber roof trusses Published by the Institute for Timber Construction South Africa Volume 2 © 01-07-2001 Revised Edition 2010/11 Including large span roofs Photo/ Company Stamp Erector Erector’s name Region Cell number Email address Certificate of Competence no. FOR A SAFE, LEGAL ROOF! PAGE 1 Roof Erector’s Handbook FOR ERECTING PREFABRICATED TIMBER ROOF TRUSSES VOLUME TWO - ADVANCED LEVEL For All Category Carpenters (ITC Rating) Published by the Institute for Timber Construction-South Africa P.O. Box 686, ISANDO 1600, South Africa tel: o+27 (0)11 974-1061 fax: +27 (0)11 392-6155 toll free: TIMBER 0800 846237 email: [email protected] Erector website: www.itc-sa.org Text edited by Victor Booth Pr. Eng. Amended drawings by Stefan Münster Original drawings courtesy of: Alpine Automation SA (Pty) Ltd. International Truss Systems (Pty) Ltd. Mitek SA (Pty) Ltd. First Edition July 2001 All copyright reserved by the Institute for Timber Construction INTRODUCTION The details in this handbook are a compilation of erection and bracing details that are issued with the roof layout supplied by the Prefabricated Timber Truss Fabricator as part of the site documentation or incorporated in the workshop drawings. These details cover nearly all the standard aspects of erecting and bracing all categories of timber roofs. Alternative details may be issued by the design engineer, in which case these details override those published in this book for the particular structure that they have been designed for. All trusses and all bracing requirements must be shown on the roof plan supplied by the truss manufacturer. Prevailing conditions must be considered where it may be necessary for the specification of corrosion proofed nails for securing of metal bracing strap, metal connectors, hangers and fixing of timber members. The Magisterial districts or towns specified for treatment of sawn timber as published in SANS 10005:1994 (SABS 05:1994) could be used as a guideline for use of corrosion proofed nails where doubt exists. Note: All metal bracing, hangers, clips and the like must be fixed strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. PAGE 21 FOREWORD The Institute for Timber Construction South Africa's - ITC-SA's - mission is to: Raise standards in the Nail Plated Timber Roof Truss Industry t h r o u g h the development and supportive enforcement of appropriate technical, quality and ethical standards. Monitor adherence by ITC-SA members of relevant industry related standards, SANS specifications and Codes of Practice and in so doing act as a protector of consumer interests. Foster and promote all ITC-SA members interests through appropriate advertising and publicity by facilitating training and lobbying at all relevant levels and forums. The ITC-SA Engineering Systems who are members of the ITC-SA, namely Alpine Automation South Africa (Pty) Ltd, International Truss Systems (Pty) Ltd, MiTek Industries S.A. (Pty) Ltd, and © 2009 Multinail Africa (Pty) Ltd, have all developed computer software capable of designing timber roof structures in compliance with the relevant design codes of practise. The Systems ensure competent use of their design software through training of their licensed Fabricators. The Systems also manufacture and supply the connector nail- plates and other necessary brackets and hardware upon which the software design criteria is based. Engineer ITC-SA gives recognition to engineers with substantial experience and proven competence in timber engineering by accepting them as Engineer members. In order to ensure full compliance with all the provisions of both the National Building Regulations & Building Standards Act [Section 14 (2A)] and National Building Regulations [Clause A19]. These engineers may appoint, train and regularly re-train Inspectors to inspect erected Timber Roof Structures on their behalf. PAGE 31 Fabricator Fabricators/Truss Plants are licensed by the Engineering Systems to design and manufacture pre-fabricated, mono-planar nail-plated roof structures. They are audited by the ITC-SA on an annual basis to ensure compliance with ITC-SA requirements and the National Building Regulations and to achieve a Certificate of Compliance for Truss Manufacture. To further assist in developing the standards within the industry, ITC-SA presents a duel level estimator/designer course which upgrades the quality and competency of personnel in truss plants. Erector ITC-SA approves Erectors who have undergone work evaluations and training in order to achieve a Certificate of Competence for Erectors. Of particular relevance is their understanding and correct application of the bracing rules as contained in the Roof Erector's Handbooks Volumes 1 & 2, which are continuously re-evaluated and updated through ITC-SA facilitation. These bracing details have been included in SANS10243 (The Manufacture and Erection of Timber Trusses) and some are also included in SANS 10400 “The Application of the National Building Regulations”- part L. Inspector ITC-SA approved Engineers appoint and train Inspectors to inspect roof structures. The Engineers accept responsibility for the design and structural stability of the roofs after inspection and approval of the roofs by the Inspectors. This process is in compliance with Regulation A19 of the National Building Regulations, which then enables the home owner to obtain an occupancy certificate from the local authority. PAGE 41 INDEX PART # DESCRIPTION PAGE # Part One Connection Details 6 - 40 Part Two Bracing Details 41 - 74 Part Three Inspection Checklist 75 - 76 Part Four Standard Remedials 77 - 84 Part Five Glossary of Terms 85 - 87 Glossary1 88 Typical Corbeling Detail 89 Geyser Platform Parallel & Perpendicular 90 - 91 Solar Panel Detail 92 Part Six Notes & Membership Application 93 - 94 PAGE 5 Please note: That all the details contained in this manual are “deemed-to-satisfy” details and that they may be superseded by any alternative detail issued by a competent and experienced, registered timber Engineer or by any details issued to the site for the particular project. PAGE 1 Part One Connection Details CONTENTS PAGE # DETAIL REF. DESCRIPTION 7 ERECT1 ERECTION TOLERANCES 8 PURLIN1 PURLIN CONNECTIONS & SPLICES 9 HEEL1 HEEL SUPPORT CONDITIONS 10 WALLTIE TRUSS HOLDING DOWN DETAILS 11 GIRDER1 CONNECTION OF MULTIPLE PLY GIRDERS 12 GIRDER2 GIRDER-BATTEN/PURLIN & ANTI-TORSION 13 HANGER1 VARIOUS HANGERS 14 CLEATS1 VARIOUS MILD STEEL CLEATS 15 HIP1 FULL HIPS -45 & 90 DEGREE 16 HIP2 TRUNCATED HIPS -45 & 90 DEGREE 17 HIP3 DUTCH HIP & PART GABLE HIP 18 HIP4 HIP/VALLEY & MONO-PITCH HIP 19 HIP5 CORNER HIPS 20 HIP6 HIP CONNECTION DETAILS 21 HIP7 FLY RAFTER CONNECTIONS 22 HIP8 HIP END FASCIA SUPPORT BEAM 23 HIP9 BATTEN / PURLINS OVER HIP RAFTER 24 VALLEY1 VALLEY T.C. RESTRAINT DETAILS 25 VALLEY1A VALLEY T.C. RESTRAINT + FRAMES 26 VALLEY2 VALLEY T.C. RESTRAINT DETAILS 27 VALLEY3 VALLEY TRUSS END SUPPORT DETAIL 28 CRANK1 CRANKED ROOF DETAILS 29 CRANK2 CRANKED TRUSS SUPPORT DETAILS 30 GEYSER1 GEYSER PLATFORM DETAILS 31 GEYSER2 150L GEYSER SUPPORT ON TRUSSES < 8m 32 SLIDING SHOE SCISSOR TRUSSES 33 GABLE GABLE LADDER DETAILS 34 P-BACK1 PIGGY BACK DETAILS 35 P-BACK2 PIGGY BACK TRUSS CONNECTION DETAILS 36 ATTIC1 ATTIC TRUSS DETAILS 37 ATTIC2 COMPOSITE ATTIC TRUSS DETAILS 38 ATTIC3 COMPOSITE ATTIC TRUSS DETAILS 39 DORMER1 OLD ENGLISH & FRENCH DORMER 40 DORMER2 MODERN ENGLISH & EYEBROW DORMER (Please also refer to pages 12 a,b,c and d) PAGE 6 FULL SIZE (SCALE 1:1) SECTION OF 36 X 111 RAFTER AT 30 DEGREE SLOPE SHOWING MAXIMUM OUT OF PLUMB TOLERANCE ALLOWED = LESS THAN 3 MM OFF CENTRE. Truss Purlin - Batten Truss TOLERANCE IS CRITICAL FOR BOTH A GOOD ROOF LINE AND EFFECTIVE BRACING. A GUTLINE, PLUMBLINE OR LEVEL SHOULD BE USED. 1. TRUSSES TO BE ERECTED WITH OVERALL BOW IN ITS TOTAL RAFTER LENGTH LESS THAN L/200 AND LESS THAN 50MM (L = CHORD LENGTH). THE BOW BETWEEN BATTENS OR PURLINS MUST BE LESS THAN Lp/100 (Lp = BATTEN/PURLIN SPACING). 2. TRUSSES TO BE ERECTED WITH APEX NOT MORE THAN THE LESSER OF SPAN/200 OR HEIGHT/50 FROM A VERTICAL PLANE THROUGH ITS SUPPORTS. 3. AT ANY SECTION, THE LOCAL OUT OF PLUMB SHOULD NOT EXCEED HEIGHT/50 OR 50MM. WHICHEVER IS THE LESSER. GENERALLY, IF A BOW OR TILT IS EVIDENT TO THE EYE, THE TRUSS HAS PROBABLY BEEN ERECTED OUTSIDE THE TOLERANCES. ERECTION TOLERANCES TRUSSES MUST BE ERECTED PLUMB, LEVEL AND ALL CHORDS MUST BE STRAIGHT REV.: 1 DETAIL REF.: ERECT 1 PAGE 7 22-04-2010 HURRICANE CLIP CONNECTION: 1 OFF FULLY NAILED HURRICANE CLIP PER CONNECTION. AT ALL OTHER CONNECTIONS 100mm NAIL HURRICANE CLIPS TO BE STAGGERED. SKEW NAILED PURLIN PURLINS • • • WALL PLATE APEX •• •• • RAFTER •• HURRICANE CLIP TRUSSES ALL HURRICANE CLIPS TO BE FULLY NAILED WITH CLOUT OR SERRATED NAILS EAVES WIRE BOUND CONNECTION: 2.4 DIA GALVANISED PURLIN WIRE - DOUBLE 100mm NAIL • HURRICANE CLIPS SKEW NAILED 2 OFF FULLY NAILED HURRICANE CLIPS PER CONNECTION AT ALL EAVES, OVERHANG RAFTER PURLINS, RIDGE PURLINS AND GABLE ENDS. (I.E. PERIMETER CONNECTIONS). 1 OFF 100mm SKEW DRIVEN NAIL AND TIED WITH 2.4 DIA. GALVANISED WIRE PLAN VIEW ON PURLINS BOUND TWICE AT EACH CONNECTION SWING FIX CLIP CONNECTION: NOTE: 4mm x 125mm NAIL 1. ALL PURLINS TO BE PLACED ON EDGE AND ERECTED TO THE CENTRES AS SPECIFIED ON THE TRUSS DESIGN. PURLIN • 2. PURLIN SPLICING TO BE STAGGERED. (REFER TO DETAILS BELOW FOR SPLICING OF PURLINS) 3. ONE OR TWO HURRICANE CLIPS PER CONNECTION AS PER PLAN VIEW ABOVE. RAFTER 2 No. 3.25mm SWING FIX CLIPS - DOUBLE 4. ALL HURRICANE CLIPS MUST BE FULLY NAILED WITH EITHER CLOUT NAILS OR SERRATED NAILS INTO EACH MEMBER. 1 OFF 4mm x 125mm VERTICAL NAIL & 2 OFF 3.25mm (I.E. TRUSS AND PURLIN). SWING FIX CLIPS FIXED AT EACH CONNECTION. VARIOUS 50 x 76 PURLIN CONNECTION OPTIONS 6 OFF 3.5mm DIA.
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