Scanned Image
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Download Download
Ajalooline Ajakiri, 2016, 3/4 (157/158), 477–511 Historical consciousness, personal life experiences and the orientation of Estonian foreign policy toward the West, 1988–1991 Kaarel Piirimäe and Pertti Grönholm ABSTRACT The years 1988 to 1991 were a critical juncture in the history of Estonia. Crucial steps were taken during this time to assure that Estonian foreign policy would not be directed toward the East but primarily toward the integration with the West. In times of uncertainty and institutional flux, strong individuals with ideational power matter the most. This article examines the influence of For- eign Minister Lennart Meri’s and Prime Minister Edgar Savisaar’s experienc- es and historical consciousness on their visions of Estonia’s future position in international affairs. Life stories help understand differences in their horizons of expectation, and their choices in conducting Estonian diplomacy. Keywords: historical imagination, critical junctures, foreign policy analysis, So- viet Union, Baltic states, Lennart Meri Much has been written about the Baltic states’ success in breaking away from Eastern Europe after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, and their decisive “return to the West”1 via radical economic, social and politi- Research for this article was supported by the “Reimagining Futures in the European North at the End of the Cold War” project which was financed by the Academy of Finland. Funding was also obtained from the “Estonia, the Baltic states and the Collapse of the Soviet Union: New Perspectives on the End of the Cold War” project, financed by the Estonian Research Council, and the “Myths, Cultural Tools and Functions – Historical Narratives in Constructing and Consolidating National Identity in 20th and 21st Century Estonia” project, which was financed by the Turku Institute for Advanced Studies (TIAS, University of Turku). -
Estonia's Integration Into International Organisations — from the Viewpoint
Jaanika Erne LL.M., M.A. Contractual Consultant, European Union Electronic Information Service, European Documentation Centre, University of Tartu Estonia’s Integration into International Organisations — from the Viewpoint of Security The Republic of Estonia has been a full member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation since 29 March 2004, Estonia is the full member state of the European Union since 1 May 2004. These developments are in testimony of a huge step towards a free, whole and peaceful Europe.*1 8or the acceding states, acces- sion to both these organisations means supranational integration in security issues, as has also meant the accession to other security organisations, such as the Western European Union (WEU), the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the United Nations (UN). 8rom historical viewpoint as a small state that has been occupied many times security guarantees are essential to Estonia. The pursuit of independence, territorial integrity and cultural identity has accompanied the development of the Estonian nation. Although the author sees neither military nor political threats aim- ing to change Estonias internal or external policies today or in the near future, she is aware of and under- stands that the state must be ready to combat such threats as economic, social and environmental risks, international crime, and terrorism. Considering the previous, the purpose of this article is to estimate whether the accession of the Republic of Estonia to supranational organisations guarantees higher security in the region. Considering this purpose, the author has divided the article into three main sections. The first section gives an overview about the interrelationship of those security organisations in which Estonia participates. -
Estonian Academy of Sciences Yearbook 2018 XXIV
Facta non solum verba ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES YEARBOOK FACTS AND FIGURES ANNALES ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM ESTONICAE XXIV (51) 2018 TALLINN 2019 This book was compiled by: Jaak Järv (editor-in-chief) Editorial team: Siiri Jakobson, Ebe Pilt, Marika Pärn, Tiina Rahkama, Ülle Raud, Ülle Sirk Translator: Kaija Viitpoom Layout: Erje Hakman Photos: Annika Haas p. 30, 31, 48, Reti Kokk p. 12, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47, 49, 52, 53, Janis Salins p. 33. The rest of the photos are from the archive of the Academy. Thanks to all authos for their contributions: Jaak Aaviksoo, Agnes Aljas, Madis Arukask, Villem Aruoja, Toomas Asser, Jüri Engelbrecht, Arvi Hamburg, Sirje Helme, Marin Jänes, Jelena Kallas, Marko Kass, Meelis Kitsing, Mati Koppel, Kerri Kotta, Urmas Kõljalg, Jakob Kübarsepp, Maris Laan, Marju Luts-Sootak, Märt Läänemets, Olga Mazina, Killu Mei, Andres Metspalu, Leo Mõtus, Peeter Müürsepp, Ülo Niine, Jüri Plado, Katre Pärn, Anu Reinart, Kaido Reivelt, Andrus Ristkok, Ave Soeorg, Tarmo Soomere, Külliki Steinberg, Evelin Tamm, Urmas Tartes, Jaana Tõnisson, Marja Unt, Tiit Vaasma, Rein Vaikmäe, Urmas Varblane, Eero Vasar Printed in Priting House Paar ISSN 1406-1503 (printed version) © EESTI TEADUSTE AKADEEMIA ISSN 2674-2446 (web version) CONTENTS FOREWORD ...........................................................................................................................................5 CHRONICLE 2018 ..................................................................................................................................7 MEMBERSHIP -
Statement Made by Toomas Hendrik Ilves at the Opening of the Negotiations for Estonia’S Accession to the EU (Brussels, 31 March 1998)
Statement made by Toomas Hendrik Ilves at the opening of the negotiations for Estonia’s accession to the EU (Brussels, 31 March 1998) Caption: On 31 March 1998, in Brussels, at the opening of the negotiations for Estonia’s accession to the European Union (EU), Toomas Hendrik Ilves, Estonian Foreign Minister, outlines the implications of his country’s accession to the EU. Source: Statement at the opening of the Estonia's accession negotiations with European Union, Mr. Toomas Hendrik Ilves, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, Brussels, 31 March 1998. [ON-LINE]. [Tallinn]: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, [09.06.2005]. Available on http://www.vm.ee/eng/euro/kat_308/2798.html. Copyright: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/statement_made_by_toomas_hendrik_ilves_at_the_opening_of_the_negotiations_for_estonia_s_ accession_to_the_eu_brussels_31_march_1998-en-549c419e-0604-4a3b-91e2-a25db8ef293d.html Publication date: 22/10/2012 1 / 6 22/10/2012 Statement at the opening of the Estonia's accession negotiations with European Union, Mr. Toomas Hendrik Ilves, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia (Brussels, 31 March 1998) Mr. Chairman, Today's meeting marks the beginning of a new period in Estonia's relations with the European Union and an important day in my country's overall development. Since the restoration of independence in 1991, Estonia's policies have consistently aimed at the restoration of economic, social, political and cultural ties with our western neighbours. We have sought to restore our place in the family of democratic European nations. Estonia's application to join the EU is underpinned by a number of motivating factors. Estonia shares the basic values and principles upon which the Union has been established and wishes to preserve and defend these values in co-operation with the Union. -
Institute Note
Antonio MISSIROLI Dov LYNCH Dimitrios TRIANTAPHYLLOU Martin ORTEGA Judy BATT INSTITUTE NOTE The enlarged EU and its new neighbours: new security challenges Paris, 5-6 June 2003 The Conference was conceived as a first occasion to assess the impact of enlargement on CFSP - now that ten candidates are about to accede to the EU – in terms not only of foreign policy interests but also neighbourhood issues, stretching from the Baltic to the Adriatic, from the Aegean to the Mediterranean Sea. Accordingly, the list of participants included many invitees from the acceding countries, and the programme was conceived also in order to encourage them to take the floor on an equal footing with invitees from the current member states. The former Estonian Foreign Minister Toomas Hendrik Ilves gave a much-appreciated keynote speech. I. Between stabilisation and integration The first session was expected to set the general framework for the discussion by stressing a) the evolution of the approach of the EC/EU to its (ever-changing) neighbourhood, whereby direct integration has gradually won the day as both a security policy “by other means” and a way to stabilise the immediate proximity of the Community/Union; and b) the varying and multi-faceted nature of the new neighbourhood(s) of the enlarged Union, which may or may not require more differentiated policies – differentiated by area and/or by country. In this respect, many distinct neighbourhoods (or rather proximities) were taken into consideration: 1) an ‘Eastern dimension’, whose peculiarity is that -
What You Need to Know If You Are Applying for Estonian Citizenship
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW IF YOU ARE APPLYING FOR ESTONIAN CITIZENSHIP Published with the support of the Integration and Migration Foundation Our People and the Estonian Ministry of Culture Compiled by Andres Ääremaa, Anzelika Valdre, Toomas Hiio and Dmitri Rõbakov Edited by Kärt Jänes-Kapp Photographs by (p. 5) Office of the President; (p. 6) Koolibri archive; (p. 7) Koolibri archive; (p. 8) Estonian Literary Museum; (p. 9) Koolibri archive, Estonian National Museum; (p. 10) Koolibri archive; (p. 11) Koolibri archive, Estonian Film Archives; (p. 12) Koolibri archive, Wikipedia; (p. 13) Estonian Film Archives / E. Järve, Estonian National Museum; (p. 14) Estonian Film Archives / Verner Puhm, Estonian Film Archives / Harald Lepikson; (p. 15) Estonian Film Archives / Harald Lepikson; (p. 16) Koolibri archive; (p. 17) Koolibri archive; (p. 19) Office of the Minister for Population Affairs / Anastassia Raznotovskaja; (p. 21) Koolibri archive; (p. 22) PM / Scanpix / Ove Maidla; (p. 23) PM / Scanpix / Margus Ansu, Koolibri archive; (p. 24) PM / Scanpix / Mihkel Maripuu; (p. 25) Koolibri archive; (p. 26) PM / Scanpix / Raigo Pajula; (p. 29) Virumaa Teataja / Scanpix / Arvet Mägi; (p. 30) Koolibri archive; (p. 31) Koolibri archive; (p. 32) Koolibri archive; (p. 33) Sakala / Scanpix / Elmo Riig; (p. 24) PM / Scanpix / Mihkel Maripuu; (p. 35) Scanpix / Henn Soodla; (p. 36) PM / Scanpix / Peeter Langovits; (p. 38) PM / Scanpix / Liis Treimann, PM / Scanpix / Toomas Huik, Scanpix / Presshouse / Kalev Lilleorg; (p. 41) PM / Scanpix / Peeter Langovits; (p. 42) Koolibri archive; (p. 44) Sakala / Scanpix / Elmo Riig; (p. 45) Virumaa Teataja / Scanpix / Tairo Lutter; (p. 46) Koolibri archive; (p. 47) Scanpix / Presshouse / Ado Luud; (p. -
Présidential Election in Estonia
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN ESTONIA 29th and 30th August 2011 European Elections monitor President of the Republic Toomas Hendrik Ilves is running for re-election as Head of Estonia from Corinne Deloy Translated by Helen Levy The presidential election will take place on 29th and 30th August next in Estonia. The 101 members of the Riigikogu, the only chamber in Parliament, are being invi- ANALYSIS ted to appoint the new Head of State. Toomas Hendrik Ilves, the Head of State in 1 month before office, announced last December that he would be running for re-election. He has the poll the support of the Reform Party (ER) led by Prime Minister Andrus Ansip, the Pro Patria Union-Res Publica (IRL), member of the government coalition and the Social Democratic Party (SDE), T. Ilves’s party. The 23 MPs of the Pro Patria Union-Res Publica have 7) by the main opposition party, the Centre Party already signed a document expressing their support (KE), on 18th June last. Indrek Tarand is the son to the outgoing Head of State. “From our point of of former Prime Minister (1994-1995) and former view, thanks to his work, Toomas Hendrik Ilves, has MEP (2004-2009), Social Democrat, Andres Tarand. helped towards the development of civil society and In the last European elections on 4th-7th June 2009 has encouraged debate over problems that Estonia he stood as an independent and came second with has to face. The President of the Republic also suc- 25.81% of the vote, i.e. just behind the Centre Party ceeded in taking firm decisions during the crises that (26.07%) rallying a great number of protest votes the country experienced, such as for example, the to his name. -
The Might of the Weak? Icelandic Support for Baltic Independence, 1990‒1991
1 The might of the weak? Icelandic support for Baltic independence, 1990‒1991 Draft 1, 05 08 2011 Gudni Jóhannesson [email protected] Introduction The structure of the paper is meant to encourage debate and discussion. It should not be considered as a draft chapter or article. At the workshop, I hope to pose some questions and thoughts which I hope will be answered - or at least debated! Still, I also aim to publish a chapter or article at some point about Icelandic support for Baltic independence in 1990‒1991. From my point of view, the primary question there would be about the scope and content of such a product: What does the international academic community most need? What would be most welcomed in the Baltic states? Should the emphasis be on a narrative, a sort of ‘what happened when’; what the Icelandic authorities actually did an how that was received, in the Baltic states, in Moscow and not the least in Washington and other Western capitals? Or should there also be a heavy theoretical aspect? Two things come to mind there: 1) The status of small states (microstates) in the international system. Is it possible that a small state, even a microstate, can influence monumental events in international affairs? Is Icelandic support for Baltic independence in 1990‒1991 possibly a fine case study to demonstrate that? 2) Realism and idealism. Does Icelandic support for Baltic independence in 1990‒1991 demonstrate the difference between an idealistic, moral outlook and cold-blooded Realpolitik in international affairs? The latter point also the raises the question of a comparative approach: How much emphasis should be on the policies of other Western states? Finally, I would like to emphasise that I would especially welcome recommendations about sources on the Baltic independence struggle in 1990‒1991, both in general and in particular about Western attitudes. -
Projections of International Solidarity and Security in Contemporary Estonia
DUKE UNIVERSITY Durham, North Carolina The Spirit Of Survival: Projections of International Solidarity and Security in Contemporary Estonia Katharyn S. Loweth April 2019 Under the supervision of Professor Gareth Price, Department of Linguistics Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Graduation with Distinction Program in International Comparative Studies Trinity College of Arts and Sciences Table of Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................. 2 Abstract ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 4 i. An Overview of the Estonian Nation-State ................................................................................................ 8 ii. Terminology ................................................................................................................................................... 12 iii. Methodology ................................................................................................................................................. 17 iv. Overview of the Chapters -
Estonian - Lithuanian Business Forum
Estonian - Lithuanian Business Forum “Partnership between the Neighbors” Kempinski Hotel, Grand Dukes Hall, Cathedral Square, Universiteto g. 14 Tuesday, May 28th, 2013 Programme Organized by: Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Association of Lithuanian Chambers of Commerce, Industry and Crafts Enterprise Estonia Estonian Embassy in Vilnius Estonian Chamber of Commerce in Lithuania Language: English Moderator: Mr. Rimantas Šidlauskas, Director General of Association of Lithuanian Chambers of Commerce, Industry and Crafts 09.00 Registration and coffee 09.30 Opening Welcome words by Mr. Rimantas Šidlauskas, Director General of Association of Lithuanian Chambers of Commerce, Industry and Crafts Statement by H.E. President of the Republic of Lithuania, Mrs. Dalia Grybauskait ė Statement by H.E. President of the Republic of Estonia, Mr. Toomas Hendrik Ilves Welcome message by Dr. Rimantas Stankevi čius , President of Association of Lithuanian Chambers of Commerce, Industry and Crafts Welcome message by Mr. Toomas Luman , President of Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industy Opening of the Online Border Queue Operation Service by President of the Republic of Lithuania and President of the Republic of Estonia (Estonian-Lithuanian cooperation project) 10.00 Both Presidents will leave 10.00 I Panel – Investment Climate and Current Economic Situation Presentations : Mr. Martin Hirvoja, Member of the Board of Enterprise Estonia Ms. Jekaterina Samoilovi č, Senior Investment Advisor of Invest in Lithuania Mr. Robert Juodka , Chairman of the Board of the Estonian Chamber of Commerce in Lithuania 10.45 II Panel discussion – Euro Zone, Logistics and IT Moderator: Mr. Rain Laane, Baltics General Manager of Microsoft Baltics (topic IT) Panelists: Mr. Ardo Hansson , President of Estonian Bank (experiences with entering the Euro Zone) Mr. -
Toomas Hendrik Ilves
Dec.9 - Dec.11, 2011 Vienna – Austria Toomas Hendrik Ilves President of the Republic of Estonia President of the Republic of Estonia Toomas Hendrik Ilves was born on the 26th of December, 1953, in the Swedish capital Stockholm, and has spent much of his life living and working in a total of five different countries. The Estonian values prevalent in his childhood home, the education gained at one of the US ’s best universities, the jobs connected with Estonia’s present and future over the last quarter of the century – this is what has shaped Toomas Hendrik Ilves as a person and president of a small European country in the 21 st century. Born on December 26, 1953 in Stockholm, Kingdom of Sweden Married to Evelin Ilves Children: son Luukas Kristjan (1987), daughters Juulia (1992) and Kadri Keiu (2003) Education 1978 Pennsylvania University (USA), MA in psychology 1976 Columbia University (USA), BA in psychology Career and public service 2006- President of the Republic of Estonia 2004-2006 Member of the European Parliament 2002-2004 Member of the Parliament of the Republic of Estonia 1999-2002 Minister of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Estonia 1998 Chairman, North Atlantic Institute 1996-1998 Minister of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Estonia 1993-1996 Ambassador of the Republic of Estonia to the United States of America, Canada, and Mexico 1988-1993 Head of the Estonian desk, Radio Free Europe in Munich, Germany 1984-1988 Analyst and researcher for the research unit of Radio Free Europe in Munich, Germany 1983-1984 Lecturer in Estonian Literature and Linguistics, Simon Fraser University, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vancouver, Canada 1981-1983 Director and Administrator of Art, Vancouver Arts Center, Canada 1979-1981 Assistant Director and English teacher, Open Education Center, Englewood, New Jersey, USA 1974-1979 Research Assistant, Columbia University department of Psychology, USA Publications Compilation of speeches and writings from 1986-2006: "Eesti jõudmine. -
Estonia's Memory Politics in the Context of European Integration
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2011 Estonia's Memory Politics in the Context of European Integration Marina Suhhoterina West Virginia University Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Suhhoterina, Marina, "Estonia's Memory Politics in the Context of European Integration" (2011). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 4799. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4799 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Estonia’s Memory Politics in the Context of European Integration Marina Suhhoterina Thesis submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Robert Blobaum, Ph.D., Chair Katherine Aaslestad, Ph.D. Elizabeth Fones-Wolf, Ph.D. Department of History Morgantown, West Virginia 2011 Keywords: Estonia; European Integration; the Soviet Union; legacy of communism; Memory Politics Copyright 2011 Marina Suhhoterina ABSTRACT Estonia’s Memory Politics in the Context of European Integration Marina Suhhoterina This study examines the process of European integration of Estonia from the perspective of memory politics.