DOCSLIB.ORG

Invert7 1 029 046 Wilts, Ahlrichs for Inet.P65

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Invert7 1 029 046 Wilts, Ahlrichs for Inet.P65 Invertebrate Zoology, 2010, 7(1): 2946 © INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY, 2010 Proales tillyensis sp.n. (Monogononta: Proalidae), a new rotifer species from North-West Germany, with reconstruction of its somatic musculature E.F. Wilts, W.H. Ahlrichs Systematics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: We here describe a new proalid rotifer species Proales tillyensis sp.n. from Oldenburg, North-West Germany. The species was initially found in the ph-neutral water of Lake Tilly in August 2006. Its description is based on light and electron microscopy, providing different views of both the whole specimen and its trophi. Additionally, the body musculature of the species was visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy using fluorescent-labelled phalloidin and compared with the musculature of other Proales species. Proales tillyensis sp.n. resembles P. fallaciosa Wulfert, 1937 and P. decipiens (Ehrenberg, 1832) but differs in its ecology. Furthermore it can be diagnosed from the former species by the absence of a knob-like projection between the toes, the small body size, the number of uncus teeth and the organization of body musculature. From the latter species it can be diagnosed by the number of uncus teeth, the small body size and the lack of a constriction between stomach and intestine. KEY WORDS: Proales tillyensis n.sp., Rotifera, Proalidae, CLSM, somatic musculature. Proales tillyensis sp.n. (Monogononta: Proalidae): íîâûé âèä êîëîâðàòîê èç ñåâåðî-çàïàäíîé Ãåðìàíèè ñ ðåêîíñòðóêöèåé ñîìàòè÷åñêîé ìóñêóëàòóðû Å.Ô. Âèëö, Â.Ã. Àëðèõñ Systematics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany. e-mail: [email protected] ÐÅÇÞÌÅ: Îïèñàí íîâûé âèä ïðîàëèäíîé êîëîâðàòêè Proales tillyensis sp.n. èç Îëüäåíáóðãà (ñåâåðî-çàïàäíàÿ Ãåðìàíèÿ). Âèä áûë îáíàðóæåí â pH íåéòðàëüíîé âîäå â îçåðå Òèëëè â àâãóñòå 2006 ã. Îñîáè áûëè èçó÷åíû ìåòîäàìè ñâåòîâîé è ýëåêòðîííîé ìèêðîñêîïèè. Áûëè ïîëó÷åíû ôîòîãðàôèè öåëûõ æèâîòíûõ è èõ ðîòî- âûõ ÷àñòåé. Äîïîëíèòåëüíî áûëî ïðîâåäåíî èçó÷åíèå ñîìàòè÷åñêîé ìóñêóëàòóðû íîâîãî âèäà ñ ïîìîùüþ ôëþîðèñöåíòíîé ôàëëîèäèíîâîé ìåòêè è ïðîâåäåíî ñðàâ- íåíèå ñ îðãàíèçàöèåé ìóñêóëàòóðû ó äðóãèõ êîëîâðàòîê ðîäà Proales. Proales tillyensis sp.n. ñõîäåí ñ P. fallaciosa Wulfert, 1937 è P. decipiens (Ehrenberg, 1832), íî èõ ýêîëîãèÿ ðàçëè÷íà. Êðîìå òîãî, îò P. fallaciosa íîâûé âèä îòëè÷àåòñÿ îòñóòñòâèåì áîðîäàâêîîáðàçíîãî âûðîñòà ìåæäó ïàëüöàìè, ìåëêèìè ðàçìåðàìè òåëà, èíûì 30 E.F. Wilts, W.H. Ahlrichs ÷èñëîì çóáîâ óíêóñà è èíîé îðãàíèçàöèÿ ñîìàòè÷åñêîé ìóñêóëàòóðû. Îò P. decipiens íîâûé âèä îòëè÷àåòñÿ ÷èñëîì çóáîâ óíêóñà, ìåëêèìè ðàçìåðàìè òåëà è îòñóòñòâèåì ïåðåòÿæêè ìåæäó æåëóäêîì è êèøêîé. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Proales tillyensis sp.n, êîëîâðàòêè, Proalidae, êîíôîêàëüíàÿ ëàçåðíàÿ ñêàíèðóþùàÿ ìèêðîñêîïèÿ, ñîìàòè÷åñêàÿ ìóñêóëàòóðà. Introduction Material and methods The monogonont rotifer taxon Proalidae, Samples were collected during August 2006, Proales Gosse, 1886 comprises a genus with 2008 and 2009 from Lake Tilly in Oldenburg, currently 44 species (Segers, 2007). From a sys- north-western Germany (53°04¢35.0²N, 7°12¢ tematic point of view Proales is problematic and 00.07²E) with a plankton sieve of 64 µm mesh in need of a revision because it represents an size. Single rotifer specimens were studied by assemblage of diverse species from which sever- both differential interference contrast light mi- al have been moved in and out in the past (Segers, croscopy (Leica DMLB) and scanning electron 1995; Wilts et al., 2009a; De Smet, in press.). microscopy (Zeiss DSM 940). Light micro- Koste (1978) already subdivided the species of scopic images were taken with a digital camera Proales into two main groups: Group A (group (Olympus ColorView). Isolated rotifer speci- Proales sensu stricto) comprises freshwater spe- mens were narcotized with an aqueous solution cies that resemble the type species P. decipiens of 0.25% bupivacaine (Bucain®) and fixed with and are characterized by a tubular habitus with a 4% OsO in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer and 4 trunk comprising multiple pseudosegments, a picric acid formaldehyde at 240 mOsm (after hardly offset head with a rostrum and a short foot, Melone, 1998). Specimens were dehydrated in a cerebral eye and an elongated buccal field. The a graded ethanol series followed by critical- other group comprises almost unexceptionally point drying. Dried specimens were mounted on marine species resembling Proales reinhardti stubs. For trophi preparations, individual spec- (group B, misleadingly designated as group Proa- imens were dissolved under a stereo micro- les sensu stricto by Wilts et al., 2009a). The scope (Leica MZ12 ) following the procedure 5 representatives of this group are characterized by given by Kleinow et al. (1990) leaving only the a bulbous trunk with an offset head and a long cuticularized trophi elements. Trophi were rinsed foot, apical eyes and two epidermal projections and dried on a coverslip and mounted on stubs. restricting the apical corona caudally. Specimens and trophi were coated with gold We found a new species in a lake near and studied by scanning electron microscopy. Oldenburg, North-West Germany occuring in For CLSM, specimens were anaesthetized with floating gras material during warm periods of bupivacaine, fixed for 1 h in phosphate-buff- the summer months. The new species fits group ered 4% paraformaldehyde, rinsed in 0.1 M A, resembling P. fallaciosa and P. decipiens. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and then made the following we describe the species carefully permeable for staining by exposure to 0.1% on the basis of light and scanning electron Triton X-100 buffered in 0.1 M PBS for 1 h. For microscopic (SEM) findings, and give standar- staining, 2 ml of 38 mM methanolic TRITC- dised views of the specimen and its trophi. labelled phalloidin solution were added to 100 Furthermore, we analyze the somatic muscula- ml of Triton X-100 buffered in 0.1 M PBS. ture of the species using confocal laser scanning Specimens were stained for 3 h and mounted in miscoscopy (CLSM) in order to provide a broad- Citifluor® on a coverslip; a total of five speci- er overview of the variation of the muscular mens were analyzed. The images were obtained pattern across Proales. under a wavelength of 488 nm using a Leica Proales tillyensis sp.n. (Monogononta: Proalidae) 31 TCS SP 5 confocal laser scanning microscope. ed from each other and the trunk by transverse We used Leica LAS AF 1.7.0 for the analysis of folds (Figs. 1A, B, 4A, B, 5A). The anterior the image stacks. All line drawings were pre- pseudosegment carries a small, rounded ros- pared with Adobe Photoshop® CS2. trum. The rostrum is separated from the anterior pseudosegment via a transverse fold. Dorsally Order Ploima Hudson & Gosse, 1886 the pseudosegment has a dorsal antenna (Figs. 1B, 4B, 5A, C) and is followed caudally by the Family Proalidae Bartos, 1959 shorter neck pseudosegment (nps) (Figs. 1A, B, 4A, 5A). The corona appears semicircular in Genus Proales Gosse, 1886 dorsal view. Its long, locomotory cilia are locat- ed apically (Figs. 1B, 5C); the ventral buccal Proales tillyensis sp.n. field consists of numerous short cilia and ex- tends to the center of the neck pseudosegment MATERIAL. Holotype. A parthenogenetic female in (Figs. 4C, 5B). The cylindrical trunk is usually a permanent, glycerin glass slide mount deposited at divided into three pseudosegments differing in Museum fur Naturkunde, Germany, Berlin (ZMB) Gener- size and separated from each other by distinct alkatalog freilebende Wurmer ZMB Vermes 11372. Paratypes. Three parthenogenetic females in perma- transverse folds (Figs. 1A, B, 4A, B, C, 5A). nent, glycerin glass slide mounts (ZMB Vermes 11373-1, The anteriormost, longest and broadest trunk -2 and -3), ten parthenogenetic females mounted on a SEM pseudosegment bears at its posterior third two stub (ZMB Vermes 11373-4, -5, -6, -7, -8, -9, 10, -11, -12 and -13) and a trophi preparation with three trophi mount- antennae in dorsolateral position (Figs. 4A, 5A). ed on a SEM stub (ZMB Vermes 11373-14, -15 and -16). This pseudosegment bears also seven longitudi- TYPE LOCALITY. Lake Tilly in Olden- nal folds (one long dorsomedian fold and three burg, Lower Saxony, Germany. August 2006, long dorsolateral ones on each side) and two 2008, 2009 (53°04¢35.02²N, 7°12¢00.07²E). shorter lateral folds (one on each side) (Figs. ETYMOLOGY. The species name tillyen- 1A, B, 4A, B, 5A). The pseudosegment is fol- sis is derived from the type locality Lake Tilly in lowed by a very short lumbar pseudosegment Oldenburg. (lps). The lumbar pseudosegment is subsequently DIAGNOSIS. Species with long, slender, followed by a preanal pseudosegment (pps) that tubular body; head and foot hardly offset; trunk slightly overlaps the foot (Figs. 1A, B, 4A, 5A). with seven longitudinal folds; apical corona Depending on the degree of contraction of the with elongated, ventral buccal field; foot with animal, the trunk can have two additional trans- two pseudosegments and acute, conical toes; verse folds: One fold in the anterior region (see rami with anterior projections; unci with six arrow Fig. 5A) and one in the posterior region of teeth, largest tooth ventrally with accessory the largest trunk pseudosegment (see arrows toothlet; fulcrum rod-shaped, distally broaden- Figs. 4C, 5A). The completely contractible, ing; manubria club-shaped, slightly curved dis- broad and only slightly tapering foot is divided tally; hypopharynx with paired plates ventrally, into two short foot pseudosegments and two bearing two large teeth each. short, acute, conical toes (Figs. 1A, B, 2D, 4B, DESCRIPTION. Habitus. (Figs. 1A, B, 2A C). Viewed dorsally, the toes are usually spread D, 4AC, 5AC) Proales tillyensis sp.n. has a (Figs. 2D, 5A).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Volume 2, Chapter 4-7C: Invertebrates: Rotifer Taxa
    Glime, J. M. 2017. Invertebrates: Rotifer Taxa – Monogononta. Chapt. 4-7c. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. 4-7c-1 Bryological Interaction. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 18 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 4-7c INVERTEBRATES: ROTIFER TAXA – MONOGONONTA TABLE OF CONTENTS Notommatidae ............................................................................................................................................ 4-7c-2 Cephalodella ....................................................................................................................................... 4-7c-2 Drilophaga ........................................................................................................................................ 4-7c-10 Enteroplea ......................................................................................................................................... 4-7c-11 Eosphora ........................................................................................................................................... 4-7c-11 Eothinia ............................................................................................................................................. 4-7c-12 Monommata ...................................................................................................................................... 4-7c-12 Notommata .......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • About the Book the Format Acknowledgments
    About the Book For more than ten years I have been working on a book on bryophyte ecology and was joined by Heinjo During, who has been very helpful in critiquing multiple versions of the chapters. But as the book progressed, the field of bryophyte ecology progressed faster. No chapter ever seemed to stay finished, hence the decision to publish online. Furthermore, rather than being a textbook, it is evolving into an encyclopedia that would be at least three volumes. Having reached the age when I could retire whenever I wanted to, I no longer needed be so concerned with the publish or perish paradigm. In keeping with the sharing nature of bryologists, and the need to educate the non-bryologists about the nature and role of bryophytes in the ecosystem, it seemed my personal goals could best be accomplished by publishing online. This has several advantages for me. I can choose the format I want, I can include lots of color images, and I can post chapters or parts of chapters as I complete them and update later if I find it important. Throughout the book I have posed questions. I have even attempt to offer hypotheses for many of these. It is my hope that these questions and hypotheses will inspire students of all ages to attempt to answer these. Some are simple and could even be done by elementary school children. Others are suitable for undergraduate projects. And some will take lifelong work or a large team of researchers around the world. Have fun with them! The Format The decision to publish Bryophyte Ecology as an ebook occurred after I had a publisher, and I am sure I have not thought of all the complexities of publishing as I complete things, rather than in the order of the planned organization.
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of 13 Rotifers Including Bryceella Perpusilla Wilts Et Al., 2010 and Philodina Lepta Wulfert, 1951 from Korea
    Journal26 of Species Research 6(Special Edition):26-37,JOURNAL 2017 OF SPECIES RESEARCH Vol. 6, Special Edition New records of 13 rotifers including Bryceella perpusilla Wilts et al., 2010 and Philodina lepta Wulfert, 1951 from Korea Min Ok Song* Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea *Correspondent: [email protected], [email protected] Rotifers collected from various terrestrial and aquatic habitats such as mosses on trees or rocks, tree barks, wet mosses and wet leaf litter at streams, and dry leaf litter at four different locations in Korea, were investigated. Thirteen species belonging to nine genera in five families of monogonont and bdelloid rotifers were identified: Bryceella perpusilla Wilts, Martinez Arbizu and Ahlrichs, 2010, Collotheca ornata (Ehrenberg, 1830), Habrotrocha flava Bryce, 1915, H. pusilla (Bryce, 1893), Macrotrachela aculeata Milne, 1886, M. plicata (Bryce, 1892), Mniobia montium Murray, 1911, M. tentans Donner, 1949, Notommata cyrtopus Gosse, 1886, Philodina lepta Wulfert, 1951, P. tranquilla Wulfert, 1942, Pleuretra hystrix Bartoš, 1950 and Proalinopsis caudatus (Collins, 1873). All these rotifers are new to Korea, and B. perpusilla, H. flava, M. montium, P. caudatus, P. hystrix and P. lepta are new to Asia as well. Of interest, the present study is the first to record B. perpusilla outside its type locality. In addition, P. lepta has previously been recorded from only three European countries. Keywords: Korea, new records, rotifera, taxonomy, terrestrial habitats Ⓒ 2017 National Institute of Biological Resources DOI:10.12651/JSR.2017.6(S).037 INTRODUCTION (Donner, 1965). The present study is the first record of Philodina lepta outside Europe as well as the fourth A taxonomic study of rotifers collected from various overall.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rotifers of Spanish Reservoirs: Ecological, Systematical and Zoogeographical Remarks
    91 THE ROTIFERS OF SPANISH RESERVOIRS: ECOLOGICAL, SYSTEMATICAL AND ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL REMARKS Jordi de Manuel Barrabin Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona. Avd. Diagonal 645,08028 Barcelona. Spain,[email protected] ABSTRACT This article covers the rotifer data from a 1987/1988 survey of one hundred Spanish reservoirs. From each species brief infor- mation is given, focused mainly on ecology, morphology, zoogeography and distribution both in Spain and within reservoirs. New autoecological information on each species is also established giving conductivity ranges, alkalinity, pH and temperature for each. Original drawings and photographs obtained on both optical and electronic microscopy are shown of the majority of the species found. In total one hundred and ten taxa were identified, belonging to 101 species, representing 20 families: Epiphanidae (1): Brachionidae (23); Euchlanidae (1); Mytilinidae (1 ): Trichotriidae (3): Colurellidae (8); Lecanidae (1 5); Proalidae (2); Lindiidae (1); Notommatidae (5); Trichocercidae (7); Gastropodidae (5); Synchaetidae (1 1); Asplanchnidae (3); Testudinellidae (3); Conochiliidae (5):Hexarthridae (2); Filiniidae (3); Collothecidae (2); Philodinidae (Bdelloidea) (I). Thirteen species were new records for the Iberian rotifer fauna: Kerutella ticinensis (Ehrenberg); Lepadella (X.) ustucico- la Hauer; Lecane (M.) copeis Harring & Myers; Lecane tenuiseta Harring: Lecane (M.) tethis Harring & Myers; Proales fal- laciosa Wulfert; Lindia annecta Harring & Myers; Notommatu cerberus Hudson & Gosse; Notommata copeus Ehrenberg: Resticula nyssu Harring & Myers; Trichocerca vernalis Hauer; Gustropus hyptopus Ehrenberg: Collothecu mutabilis Hudson. Key Words: Rotifera, plankton, heleoplankton, reservoirs RESUMEN Este urticulo proporciona infiirmacicin sobre 10s rotferos hullados en el estudio 1987/88 realizudo sobre cien embalses espafioles. Para cnda especie se da una breve informacicin, ,fundamentalmente sobre aspectos ecoldgicos, morfoldgicos, zoo- geogriificos, asi como de su distribucidn en EspaAa y en los emldses.
    [Show full text]
  • Bryophyte Ecology Table of Contents
    Glime, J. M. 2020. Table of Contents. Bryophyte Ecology. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University 1 and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 15 July 2020 and available at <https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology/>. This file will contain all the volumes, chapters, and headings within chapters to help you find what you want in the book. Once you enter a chapter, there will be a table of contents with clickable page numbers. To search the list, check the upper screen of your pdf reader for a search window or magnifying glass. If there is none, try Ctrl G to open one. TABLE OF CONTENTS BRYOPHYTE ECOLOGY VOLUME 1: PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY Chapter in Volume 1 1 INTRODUCTION Thinking on a New Scale Adaptations to Land Minimum Size Do Bryophytes Lack Diversity? The "Moss" What's in a Name? Phyla/Divisions Role of Bryology 2 LIFE CYCLES AND MORPHOLOGY 2-1: Meet the Bryophytes Definition of Bryophyte Nomenclature What Makes Bryophytes Unique Who are the Relatives? Two Branches Limitations of Scale Limited by Scale – and No Lignin Limited by Scale – Forced to Be Simple Limited by Scale – Needing to Swim Limited by Scale – and Housing an Embryo Higher Classifications and New Meanings New Meanings for the Term Bryophyte Differences within Bryobiotina 2-2: Life Cycles: Surviving Change The General Bryobiotina Life Cycle Dominant Generation The Life Cycle Life Cycle Controls Generation Time Importance Longevity and Totipotency 2-3: Marchantiophyta Distinguishing Marchantiophyta Elaters Leafy or Thallose? Class
    [Show full text]
  • Phylum Rotifera, Species-Group Names Established Before 1 January 2000
    List of Available Names in Zoology, Candidate Part Phylum Rotifera, species-group names established before 1 January 2000 1) Completely defined names (A-list) compiled by Christian D. Jersabek Willem H. De Smet Claus Hinz Diego Fontaneto Charles G. Hussey Evangelia Michaloudi Robert L. Wallace Hendrik Segers Final version, 11 April 2018 Acronym Repository with name-bearing rotifer types AM Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA ANSP Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA BLND Biology Laboratory, Nihon Daigaku, Saitama, Japan BM Brunei Museum (Natural History Section), Darussalam, Brunei CHRIST Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India CMN Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Canada CMNZ Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand CPHERI Central Public Health Engineering Research Institute (Zoology Division), Nagpur, India CRUB Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina EAS-VLS Estonian Academy of Sciences, Vörtsjärv Limnological Station, Estonia ECOSUR El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo State, Mexico FNU Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China HRBNU Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China IBVV Papanin Institute of the Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia IHB-CAS Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China IMC Indian Museum, Calcutta, India INALI Instituto National de Limnologia, Santo Tome, Argentina INPA Instituto Nacional de
    [Show full text]
  • Thalassic Rotifers from the United States: Descriptions of Two New Species and Notes on the Effect of Salinity and Ecosystem on Biodiversity
    diversity Article Thalassic Rotifers from the United States: Descriptions of Two New Species and Notes on the Effect of Salinity and Ecosystem on Biodiversity Francesca Leasi 1,* and Willem H. De Smet 2 1 Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA 2 Department of Biology. ECOBE, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] http://zoobank.org:pub:7679CE0E-11E8-4518-B132-7D23F08AC8FA Received: 26 November 2019; Accepted: 7 January 2020; Published: 13 January 2020 Abstract: This study shows the results of a rotifer faunistic survey in thalassic waters from 26 sites located in northeastern U.S. states and one in California. A total of 44 taxa belonging to 21 genera and 14 families were identified, in addition to a group of unidentifiable bdelloids. Of the fully identified species, 17 are the first thalassic records for the U.S., including Encentrum melonei sp. nov. and Synchaeta grossa sp. nov., which are new to science, and Colurella unicauda Eriksen, 1968, which is new to the Nearctic region. Moreover, a refined description of Encentrum rousseleti (Lie-Pettersen, 1905) is presented. During the survey, we characterized samples by different salinity values and ecosystems and compared species composition across communities to test for possible ecological correlations. Results indicate that both salinities and ecosystems are a significant predictor of rotifer diversity, supporting that biodiversity estimates of small species provide fundamental information for biomonitoring. Finally, we provide a comprehensive review of the diversity and distribution of thalassic rotifers in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • A Modern Approach to Rotiferan Phylogeny: Combining Morphological and Molecular Data
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40 (2006) 585–608 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A modern approach to rotiferan phylogeny: Combining morphological and molecular data Martin V. Sørensen ¤, Gonzalo Giribet Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Received 30 November 2005; revised 6 March 2006; accepted 3 April 2006 Available online 6 April 2006 Abstract The phylogeny of selected members of the phylum Rotifera is examined based on analyses under parsimony direct optimization and Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Species of the higher metazoan lineages Acanthocephala, Micrognathozoa, Cycliophora, and potential outgroups are included to test rotiferan monophyly. The data include 74 morphological characters combined with DNA sequence data from four molecular loci, including the nuclear 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, histone H3, and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. The combined molecular and total evidence analyses support the inclusion of Acanthocephala as a rotiferan ingroup, but do not sup- port the inclusion of Micrognathozoa and Cycliophora. Within Rotifera, the monophyletic Monogononta is sister group to a clade con- sisting of Acanthocephala, Seisonidea, and Bdelloidea—for which we propose the name Hemirotifera. We also formally propose the inclusion of Acanthocephala within Rotifera, but maintaining the name Rotifera for the new expanded phylum. Within Monogononta, Gnesiotrocha and Ploima are also supported by the data. The relationships within Ploima remain unstable to parameter variation or to the method of phylogeny reconstruction and poorly supported, and the analyses showed that monophyly was questionable for the fami- lies Dicranophoridae, Notommatidae, and Brachionidae, and for the genus Proales.
    [Show full text]
  • Soil Rotifers New to Hungary from the Gemenc Floodplain (Duna-Dráva National Park, Hungary)
    Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2013) 37: 406-412 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1209-27 Soil rotifers new to Hungary from the Gemenc floodplain (Duna-Dráva National Park, Hungary) 1, 2 Károly SCHÖLL *, Miloslav DEVETTER 1 Danube Research Institute, Centre for Ecological Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Vácrátót, Hungary 2 Biology Centre, Institute of Soil Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Received: 25.09.2012 Accepted: 26.01.2013 Published Online: 24.06.2013 Printed: 24.07.2013 Abstract: In summer and autumn 2010, we collected soil samples from the Gemenc floodplain of the Danube (Duna-Dráva National Park) from places with different flood regimes and vegetation cover and examined them for rotifers. We found a total of 31 species; 14 of them are new to the Hungarian fauna. The Hungarian occurrence of 8 further species is confirmed based on their first detailed data from the country. The genusWierzejskiella Wiszniewski, 1934 is also new for Hungary. This study provides additional support to the conclusion that floodplains of large rivers have a diverse and sensitive biota. Key words: Bdelloidea, diversity, the Danube 1. Introduction is encountering increasing human interference (e.g., water Rotifera is an ecologically important phylum comprising regulation, over-abstraction, and pollution). Moreover, about 2000 species of minute, unsegmented, bilaterally river–floodplain systems along the Danube are highly symmetrical pseudocoelomates living in aquatic and endangered; therefore, the recognition of the biota of semiaquatic habitats (Wallace et al., 2006). Many species, existing natural floodplains is a pressing need.
    [Show full text]
  • Micrognathozoa) and Comparison with Other Gnathifera Bekkouche Et Al
    Detailed reconstruction of the musculature in Limnognathia maerski (Micrognathozoa) and comparison with other Gnathifera Bekkouche et al. Bekkouche et al. Frontiers in Zoology 2014, 11:71 http://www.frontiersinzoology.com/content/11/1/71 Bekkouche et al. Frontiers in Zoology 2014, 11:71 http://www.frontiersinzoology.com/content/11/1/71 RESEARCH Open Access Detailed reconstruction of the musculature in Limnognathia maerski (Micrognathozoa) and comparison with other Gnathifera Nicolas Bekkouche1, Reinhardt M Kristensen2, Andreas Hejnol3, Martin V Sørensen4 and Katrine Worsaae1* Abstract Introduction: Limnognathia maerski is the single species of the recently described taxon, Micrognathozoa. The most conspicuous character of this animal is the complex set of jaws, which resembles an even more intricate version of the trophi of Rotifera and the jaws of Gnathostomulida. Whereas the jaws of Limnognathia maerski previously have been subject to close examinations, the related musculature and other organ systems are far less studied. Here we provide a detailed study of the body and jaw musculature of Limnognathia maerski, employing confocal laser scanning microscopy of phalloidin stained musculature as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: This study reveals a complex body wall musculature, comprising six pairs of main longitudinal muscles and 13 pairs of trunk dorso-ventral muscles. Most longitudinal muscles span the length of the body and some fibers even branch off and continue anteriorly into the head and posteriorly into the abdomen, forming a complex musculature. The musculature of the jaw apparatus shows several pairs of striated muscles largely related to the fibularium and the main jaws. The jaw articulation and function of major and minor muscle pairs are discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • Monogonont Rotifers (Rotifera: Monogononta) from Northern Apennine Lakes: New and Rare Taxa for Italy
    Studi Trent. Sci. Nat., 86 (2009): 71-74 ISSN 2035-769971 © Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali, Trento 2009 Atti XVIII Convegno Gadio 2008: Un mondo che cambia: successioni ecologiche, invasioni biologiche ed alterazioni antropiche Sessione 4 - Poster Monogonont rotifers (Rotifera: Monogononta) from Northern Apennine lakes: new and rare taxa for Italy Isabella BERTANI1, Hendrik SEGERS2 & Giampaolo ROSSETTI1 1 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 33A, 43100 Parma, Italy 2 Belgian Biodiversity Platform, Freshwater Laboratory, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium * Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY - Monogonont rotifers (Rotifera: Monogononta) from Northern Apennine lakes: new and rare taxa for Italy - Thirteen new or rare taxa of monogonont rotifers for the Italian fauna were found in zooplankton samples collected in permanent Northern Apennine lakes (some of which are part of the LTER Network) during a limnological survey carried out in the open water season of 2007 and 2008. The water bodies, located at altitudes ranging between 1241 and 1731 m a.s.l., are all of glacial or glacial-tectonic origin and generally ice-covered from November to May. Ten of the hereby reported taxa are new for Italy, among them a putative new species of the genus Pleurata, whilst the remaining 3 taxa were previously recorded only occasionally. Four genera (Bryceella, Eothinia, Erignatha and Pleurata) have not been reported from Italy before. For each taxon, data on distribution and ecology derived from the literature are also given. Our results show that even biotic communities that have been extensively monitored can still provide interesting novelties, thus emphasizing the importance of detailed taxonomic studies that also take into account the microscopic components of biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylum Rotifera Cuvier, 1817. In: Zhang, Z.-Q
    Phylum Rotifera Cuvier, 1817 (2 classes)1,2, 3 Class Pararotatoria Sudzuki, 1964 (1 order) Order Seisonacea Wesenberg-Lund, 1899 (1 family) Family Seisonidae Wesenberg-Lund, 1899 (2 genera, 3 species) Class Eurotatoria De Ridder, 1957 (2 subclasses) Subclass Bdelloidea Hudson, 1884 (4 families) Family Adinetidae Hudson and Gosse, 1889 (2 genera, 20 species) Family Habrotrochidae Bryce, 1910 (3 genera, 152 species) Family Philodinavidae Harring, 1913 (3 genera, 6 species) Family Philodinidae Ehrenberg, 1838 (12 genera, 283 species) Subclass Monogononta Plate, 1889 (2 superorders) Superorder Pseudotrocha Kutikova, 1970 (1 order) Order Ploima Hudson and Gosse, 1886 (23 families)4 Family Asciaporrectidae De Smet, 2006 (1 genus, 3 species) Family Asplanchnidae Eckstein, 1883 (3 genera, 15 species) Family Birgeidae Harring and Myers, 1924 (1 genus, 1 species) Family Brachionidae Ehrenberg, 1838 (7 genera, 170 species)5 Family Clariaidae Kutikova, Markevich and Spiridonov, 1990 (1 genus, 1 species) Family Cotylegaleatidae De Smet, 2007 (1 genus, 1 species)6 Family Dicranophoridae Harring, 1913 (19 genera, 233 species)7 Family Epiphanidae Harring, 1913 (5 genera, 17 species)8 Family Euchlanidae Ehrenberg, 1838 (5 genera, 27 species) Family Gastropodidae Harring, 1913 (2 genera, 12 species) Family Ituridae Sudzuki, 1964 (1 genus, 6 species) Family Lecanidae Remane, 1933 (1 genus, 201 species)9 Family Lepadellidae Harring, 1913 (5 genera, 163 species) Family Lindiidae Harring and Myers, 1924 (1 genus, 16 species) Family Microcodidae Hudson and Gosse, 1886 (1 genus, 1 species) Family Mytilinidae Harring, 1913 (2 genera, 29 species) Family Notommatidae Hudson and Gosse, 1886 (19 genera, 280 species )10,11 Family Proalidae Harring and Myers, 1924 (4 genera, 55 species)12 Family Scaridiidae Manfredi, 1927 (1 genus, 7 species) Family Synchaetidae Hudson and Gosse, 1886 (3 genera, 56 species)13 1.
    [Show full text]