Caribbean Journal of Science, Vol. 35, No. 3-4, 265-285, 1999 Copyright 1999 College of Arts and Sciences University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez

Annotated Checklist for the Tracheophytes of Rio Abajo Forest Reserve, Puerto Rico

PEDRO ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ^ AND FRANKLIN S. AXELROD^

^Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC-166, Wasltington, DC 20560. [email protected]. ^Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 23360, Rio Piedras, PR 00931-3360. [email protected]

ABSTRACT.•An annotated checklist for the tracheophytes of the Rio Abajo Forest Reserve and adjacent areas has been produced to increase the botanical knowledge and to foster further biological research in this important ecosystem. This paper lists 925 taxa, most of which are based on voucher specimens or on sight records by the authors. The list also contains 111 unconfirmed records obtained from the field books of Roy O. Woodbury (former botany professor at the University of Puerto Rico), for a total of 1036 taxa. Relative frequency and local distribution is discussed for most of the species. Five species (Phenax soneratii, Brachi- aria erucifortnis, Digitaria ekmanii, Ichnanthus conjunctus, and Setaria lutescens) are reported for Puerto Rico for the first time, and the endemic vine Marsdenia elliptica was collected for the first time in 100 years.

INTRODUCTION lished in 1935 and the once deforested landscape was slowly transformed through Rio Abajo is the largest biological reserve the establishment of numerous timber (2275 ha) found on limestone substrate in plantations (mostly in the valleys on deep Puerto Rico (DRN, 1976). Within the karst soils) and through the regeneration of natu- region, it is the only reserve with relatively ral vegetation on the surrounding hills. The high elevations (to 300 m), and that con- plantations have turned into mixed forests tains two of the Holdridge life zones (sub- due to the reincorporation of numerous in- tropical wet and subtropical moist life digenous species. The surrounding sub- zones; Ewel & Whitmore, 1973). It is conical, steep-sided hills, locally know as equally important as a reintroduction site mogotes (Monroe, 1980), bear secondary for- for the endangered and endemic Puerto ests with different degrees of development, Rican parrot. Currently, there is a an avi- depending on land use history and edaphic ary-field station managed by the Depart- conditions. Forest communities vary from ment of Natural and Environmental Re- evergreen moist, mixed forests at the base sources with the objective of reintroducing of hills, to scrublands on some dryer hill into the forest this once ubiquitous bird. tops. During the first three decades of this cen- The annotated checklist presented in this tury, due to agriculture and extractive prac- paper is the result of over a decade of re- tices, the Rio Abajo area was intensively search and collecting. In our studies, we deforested (Alvarez et al., in press). Nu- have examined not only our own collec- merous homesteads were established in the tions, but also those of James D. Ackerman, area, and practically every valley was un- Gary Breckon, Luis E. Gregory, Bruce Han- der cultivation, with surrounding hills de- sen, Alain Liogier, Elbert E. Little Jr., forested due to the extraction of wood for George R. Proctor, Rubén Sauleda, and Roy charcoal and building materials. With the O. Woodbury. Names of confirmed records advancement of industrialization, these appear in italics, usually followed by infor- lands were slowly abandoned and re- mation about their frequencies and habitat claimed by natural secondary vegetation. within Rio Abajo, and by a collector name The Rio Abajo Forest Reserve was estab- and collection number (both in parenthe- 265 266 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD sis). Records lacking collection numbers are fieldbooks) records for a total of 1036 taxa. based on field observations by one or both A total of 878 species (ca. 85%) of these are authors, or are based on Little and Wad- native, of which 88 are endemic. The re- sworth (1964) and Little et al. (1974). In ad- maining 158 taxa are exotics that are either dition, 111 unconfirmed records have been persistent after cultivation or have become obtained from the fieldbooks of Roy O. naturalized in Rio Abajo. The nomencla- Woodbury (former professor at the Univer- ture follows that of Liogier (1985-1997), sity of Puerto Rico). They are included here Acevedo-Rodriguez (1996), King and Rob- to produce a checklist as complete as pos- inson (1987), Bremer (1994), and Ackerman sible, with the understanding that they (1995) for the flowering plants, and Proctor must be confirmed before accepted as de- (1989) for the ferns and fern allies. Families finitive. We only considered species with a are listed in alphabetical order with Pteri- high probability of being found in Rio dophytes followed by the flowering plants. Abajo based on collections from other karst The specimens cited in this work are de- areas in Puerto Rico. These records appear posited in the following herbaria: in brackets and are indicated by an asterisk. During the last decade and a half, at least 1. Department of Natural Resources (SJ): five new species have been described from Acevedo (1-500); Proctor this region {Calyptranthes acevedoi, Calyp- 2. New York Botanical Garden (NY): Acev- tranthes esiremerae, Asplenium corderoanum, edo (501-2693), Thelypteris abdita, and Thelypteris hildae) by 3. Smithsonian Institution (US): Acevedo > either Liogier (1985,1986) or Proctor (1985, 2674. 1989). In addition, several nearly extinct or 4. University of Puerto Rico Botanical Gar- rare endemic species have been discovered den (UPR); Acevedo 501-2693), Gregory, in Rio Abajo by one of the authors, i.e., Cor- Liogier, Little, and Woodbury nutia obovata, IDaphnopsis helleriana, Marsde- 5. University of Puerto Rico, Department nia elliptica, Ottoschulzia rhodoxylon, Pleoden- of Biology, Mayagüez campus (MAPR): dron macranthum, Schoepfia arenaria, and Breckon. Solatium drymophilum. All these species ex- 6. University of Puerto Rico, Department cept M. elliptica have been known to occur of Biology, Rio Piedras campus (UPRRP): in Rio Abajo by the local botanical commu- Axelrod and Ackerman. nity for nearly a decade, and there have 7. University of Southern Florida (USF). been efforts into evaluating their popula- Hansen and Sauleda. tions and reproductive success. The occur- rence of M. elliptica in Rio Abajo constitutes Woodbury's notebooks are deposited at a new finding. This species was known the International Institute of Tropical For- only from Monte Jimenes in the Luquillo estry (IITF). Mountains, where it was last collected by Paul Sintenis (num. 1452) in 1885. As a result of the most recent field work, Acknowledgments.•We would like to three new species of flowering plants, thank Mark T. Strong (US) for reviewing (Trichostigma sp. nov., Pisonia sp. nov. and the manuscript and for identifying some of Ocotea sp. nov.) have been discovered in the Cyperaceae and Monocot collections; this reserve and will be published as ad- Dr. George R. Proctor (SJ) for identifying equate material becomes available. In addi- most of the Pteridophytes; Dr. Paul M. Pe- tion, Phenax soneratii (Urticaceae), and the terson (US) for identifying some of the following four grasses: Brachiaria erucifor- grasses; John F. Pruski (US) for identifying mis, Digitaria ekmanii, Ichnanthus conjunctus, some of the Asteraceae and for proof- and Setaria lutescens were discovered in Rio reading the Asteraceae nomenclature; José Abajo and are here reported for Puerto Rico L. Chabert, Departamento de Recursos for the first time. Naturales y Ambientales (DRNA) for The Rio Abajo Reserve contains 925 con- granting the collecting permits and for firmed and 111 unconfirmed (Woodbury's making the Rio Abajo facilities available for TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 267

this study; and Dr. Ariel E. Lugo (IITF) for CHECKLIST providing transportation and logistical PTERIDOPHYTES support in the field. We would also like to thank the curators of the following her- HYMENOPHYLLACEAE baria: SJ, UPR, UPRRP, and US for making Trichomanes angustifmns (Fée) Wessels; very rare (Ax- their collections available for this study. elrod 9400). Trichomanes crispum L.; rare, vicinity of Camp Crozier This project received partial funding from {Proctor 40093). the initiative of the Latin America and the Trichomanes hookeri C. Presl.; rare, vicinity of Camp Caribbean Program of the World Wildlife Crozier {Proctor 40704). Fund. Trichomanes kappierianum Stern; rare, collected once {Axelrod 7952). Trichomanes krausii Hook. & Grev.; occasional to lo- LITERATURE CITED cally common {Axelrod 7811). Trichomanes ¡ineolatum (V.D. Bosch) Hook, rare, adja- Acevedo-Rodriguez, P. 1996. Flora of St. John, U.S. cent to forest limits {Axelrod 7953). Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. Vol. 78. Trichomanes ovale (Fourn.) W. Boer; rare, vicinity of 581pp. Camp Crozier {Proctor 41183). Ackerman, J. D. 1995. An orchid flora of Puerto Rico [Trichomanes punctatum Poir. ssp. punctatum *] and the Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. Trichomanes pusillum Sw.; rare, collected once, {Axelrod Vol. 73. 203 pp. 7981). Alvarez Ruiz, M., P. Acevedo-Rodriguez, and M. CYATHEACEAE Vázquez, (in press). Quantitative description of the Cyathea andina (Kart.) Domin; occasional, secondary structure and diversity of the vegetation in the forests {Proctor 41046). limestone forest of Rio Abajo, Arecibo-Utuado, Cyathea arbórea (L.) J.E. Sm.; occasional to common, Puerto Rico. Acta Científica. understory of moist valley forests. Bremer, K. 1994. Asteraceae: Cladistics & classifica- Cyathea hórrida (L.) J.E. Sm.; occasional, understory of tion. Timber Press. Portland, Oregon. 752 pp. moist valley forests {Acevedo 10682). Departamento de Recursos Naturales de Puerto Rico, Cyathea portoricensis Spreng, ex Kuhn; endemic, occa- 1976. The master plan for the Commonwealth for- sional, moist disturbed trailsides {Acevedo 10683). est of Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico. Cyathea pungens (Willd.) Domin; occasional, vicinity of Ewel, J. J. and J. L. Whitmore. 1973. The ecological life Camp Crozier {Proctor 40707). zones of Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands. GLEICHENIACEAE U.S.D.A. Forest Serv. Res. Pap. no. ITF-18. 72 pp, + map. Dicranopteris flexuosa (Schrad.) Underw.; common, King, R. M. and H. Robinson. 1987. The genera of the open disturbed roadsides {Acevedo 10660). Eupatoriae (Asteraceae). Mon. Syst. Bot. Missouri Dicranopteris pectinata (Willd.) Underw.; common, Bot. Garden 22: 1-581. open disturbed roadsides {Acevedo 9372). Liogier, H. A. 1985. Novitates Antillanae. XL Phytolo- Gleichenia bifida (Willd.) Spreng.; common, open dis- turbed roadsides {Acevedo 9373). gia 58: 325. . 1986. Novitates Antillanae. XII. Phytologia 61: LYCOPODIACEAE 353. Lycopodium cernuum L.; locally common in open fields, . 1985-97. Descriptive Flora of Puerto Rico and on degraded soils. Adjacent Islands. Vols. 1-5. Editorial de la Univer- Lycopodium dichotomum Jacq.; occasional epiphyte, sidad de Puerto Rico. moist forests {Acevedo 10665). Little, E. L. Jr. and F. H. Wadsworth. 1964. Coiranon trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Agri- MARATTLA.CEAE culture Handbook no. 249. U.S. Forest Service, Danaea nodosa (L.) J.E. Smith; occasional {Axelrod 9287). Washington, DC. 556 pp. POLYPODIACEAE Little, E. L. Jr., R. O. Woodbury, and F. H. Wadsworth. 1974. Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch.; rare, Vol 2. Agriculture Handbook no. 449. U.S. Forest swamps {Proctor 41058). Adiantum fragile Sw.; occasional, shaded, moist cliffs Service, Washington, DC. 1024 pp. {Acevedo 76). Monroe, W. H. 1980. Some tropical land forms of Adiantum latifolium Lam.; occasional, understory of Puerto Rico. Geological Survey Professional Paper valley forests and on hillsides {Acevedo 10532). 1159. US Governmnet Printing Office, Washington, Adiantum melanoleucum Willd.; occasional, epilithic D.C. {Acevedo 10575). Proctor, G. R. 1985. New species of Thelj^pteris from Adiantum petiolatum Desv.; occasional, locally common Puerto Rico. American Fern Journal 75: 56-70. {Acevedo 395). . 1989. Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Is- Adiantum pulverulentum L.; occasional, locally com- lands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. Vol. 53. 389 pp. mon in understory of valley forests {Acevedo 58). 268 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

Adiantum pyramidale (L.) Willd.; occasional to com- Lonchitis hirsuta L.; occasional, moist disturbed trail- mon, understory of plantations and valley forests sides (Acevedo 10684). (Acevedo 10569). Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaud.) Ching; occasional Adiantum tenerum Sw.; occasional, base of cliffs (Acev- (Acevedo 232). edo 48). Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott; rare to occasional Adiantum tetraphyllum Humb. & Bonpl.; occasional, along trails (Proctor 41048). understory of valley forests (Acevedo 356). Nephrolepis exáltala (L.) Schott; occasional (Proctor Anopteris hexagona (L.) C. Chris.; occasional, forest 41049). floor (Acevedo 249). Nephrolepis multiflora (Roxb.) Jarret ex Mort.; exotic Arachniodes chaerophylloides (Poir.) Proctor; occasional (Acevedo 2246). (Axelrod 9794). Nephrolepis rivularis (Vahl) Mett.; exotic. Asplenium abscissum Willd.; occasional to locally com- Neurodium lanceolatum (L.) Fée; rare (Axelrod 9260). mon (Acevedo 55). Odontosoria aculeata (L.) J. Smith; occasional, open, dis- Asplenium auritum Sw.; common (Axelrod 8389). turbed areas. Asplenium corderoanum Proctor; rare to occasional, en- Oleandra articúlala (Sw.) K. Presl.; occasional (Axelrod demic, vicinity of Camp Crozier (Proctor 40091). 9613). Asplenium cristatum Lam.; occasional (Acevedo 54). Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link; uncommon, along Asplenium cuneatum Lam.; occasional (Acevedo 9383). roadsides (Axelrod 8091). [Asplenium heterochroum Kunze*] Pityrogramma trifoliata (L.) R. Tryon; occasional, wet Asplenium juglandifolium Lam.; occasional to rare areas, ditches (Proctor 41057). (Acevedo 226). Polybotrya cervina (L.) Kaulf.; occasional (Acevedo 71). Asplenium laetum Sw.; occasional (Acevedo 357). Polypodium angustifolium Sw.; occasional (Acevedo 374). Asplenium myriophyllum (Sw.) Presl; occasional (Acev- Polypodium astrolepis Liebm.; occasional epiphyte edo 60). (Acevedo 45). Asplenium ocoense C. Christ.; occasional, understory of Polypodium aureum L.; occasional, mogote summit, and valley forests (Acevedo 9384). hillsides. Asplenium trichomanes-dentatum L.; rare, along trail Los Polypodium crassifolium L.; occasional, shaded, moist Puercos (Acevedo 292a). cliffs (Acevedo 372). Blechnum occidentale L.; locally common, along planta- Polypodium dispersum Evans; occasional on moist cliffs tion roads and trails (Acevedo 10551). (Acevedo 184). Bolbitis pergamentacea (Maxon) Ching; occasional, [Poljipodium heterophyllum L.*] moist areas (Acevedo 116). Polypodium latum (Moore) T. Moore ex Sodiro; occa- Ctenitis hirta (Sw.) Copel.; locally common, understory sional epiphyte (Acevedo 10609). of valley forests (Acevedo 7789). Polypodium lycopodioides L.; occasional, epiphytic in Ctenitis nemorosa (Willd.) Copel.; occasional to com- moist valley forests (Acevedo 9412). mon, plantation understory (Acevedo 10579). Polypodium pectinatum L.; occasional, epiphytic fern in Ctenitis subincisa (Willd.) Ching; rare to occasional, vi- moist valley forests (Acevedo 10459). cinity of Camp Crozier (Proctor 40088). Polypodium phyllitidis L.; occasional (Acevedo 2265). Cyclopeltis semicordata (Sw.) J. Smith; occasional (Acev- Polypodium piloselloides L.; occasional, epiphytic, valley edo 176). forests (Acevedo 10810). Dennstaedtia bipinnata (Cav.) Maxon; occasional, un- Polypodium plumula Humb. & Bonpl.; rare (Acevedo derstory of valley forests (Axelrod 8260). 184). Dennstaedtia globulifera (Poir.) Hieron.; uncommon, Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt; occasional epiphyte along trail north of Camp Crozier (Proctor 41182). of hillside forests (Acevedo 59). Dennstaedtia obtusifolia (Willd.) Moore; occasional Polytaenium feei (Schaffner ex Fée) Maxon; occasional (Acevedo 230). (Axelrod 8269). Diplazium cristatum (Desr.) Alston; occasional (Axelrod Polytaenium intramarginale (Baker ex Jenn.) Alst.; occa- sional (Proctor 42222). Diplazium hymenodes (Mett.) A. & D. Love; occasional Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. arachnoideum to rare (Axelrod 7978). (Kaulf.) Brade; occasional, locally common in open Diplazium riedelianum Kunze; rare, terrestrial (Acevedo degraded areas (Axelrod 7857). 331). Pteris altissima Poir.; occasional, understory of valley Diplazium striatum (L.) C. Presl; rare, along trail (Proc- forests (Acevedo 354). tor 41064). [Pteris grandifolia L.*] Diplazium unilobum (Poir.) Hieron.; occasional (Acevedo Pteris longifolia L.; occasional, understory of valley for- 70). ests (Acevedo 212). Hemidictyum marginatum (L.) C. Presl; occasional, wet, Pteris mutilata L.; uncommon, base of mogotes (Acev- shaded areas (Acevedo 360). edo 10657). Hypoderris brownii ]. Smith; occasional (Acevedo 350). Pteris tripartita Sw.; exotic, uncommon (Axelrod 7763). [Hypolepis repens (L.) C. Presl;*] Pteris vittata L.; exotic, occasional, along roadsides [Lastreopsis effusa (Sw.) Tindale*] (Acevedo 10703). Lomariopsis sorbifolia (L.) Fée; occasional (Acevedo Sphenomeris clavata (L.) Maxon; occasional to locally 7796). common, on humid rocks (Acevedo 44). TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 269

Tectaria cicutaria (L.) Copel.; common, base of mogotes Selaginella subcaulescens Baker; occasional, base of {Acevedo 10577). cliffs, vicinity of Camp Crozier (Proctor 40097). Tectaria estremerana Proctor & Evans; rare to occasional endemic, shaded limestone ledges (Axelrod 9285). ANTHOPHYTES Tectaria hemckifolia (Willd.) Underwood; occasional, base of mogotes {Acevedo 10611). GYMNOSPERMS Tectaria incisa Chev.; occasional {Acevedo 204). Thelypteris abdita Proctor; endemic, rare to occasional, PINACEAE on limestone cliffs {Acevedo 385a). Pinus caribaea Morelet; exotic, uncommon, in small Thelypteris angustifolia (Willd.) Proctor; occasional, plantation trail. along stream banks {Acevedo 359). Thelypteris balbisii (Spreng.) Ching; occasional (Acevedo ZAMIACEAE 202). Thelypteris cordata (Fée) Proctor var. imitata (C.Chr.) Zamia ambiphyllidia D. Steven.; endemic, occasional, Proctor; occasional {Acevedo 9368). hillsides (Acevedo 576). Thelypteris dentata (Forssk.) E. St. John; occasional, ANGIOSPERMS plantation understory {Acevedo 10556). Thelypteris grandis A.R. Smith; occasional, along moist ACANTHACEAE trailsides (Acevedo 10681). Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anders.; exotic, planted in Thelypteris guadalupensis (Wickstr.) Proctor; locally gardens, occasional as a naturalized weed along common, base of cliffs (Acevedo 9398). roads. Thelypteris hastata (Fée) Proctor; occasional (Acevedo Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urban; occasional, open 138). moist areas (Acevedo 10848). Thelypteris hastata x leptocladia; occasional along moist [Justicia comata (L.) Lam.*] disturbed areas (Acevedo 10687). Justicia mirabiloides Lam.; occasional, moist forests un- Thelypteris hildae Proctor; endemic, locally common, derstory (Acevedo 10458). base of cliffs (Acevedo 9400). Odontonema strictum (Nees) Kuntze; aggressive exotic, Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) Iwatsuki; occasional, very common in understory of secondary forests swamps ( Acevedo 10749). and plantations (Acevedo 9358). Thelypteris kunthii (Desv.) Morton; occasional (Acevedo Oplonia spinosa (Jacq.) Raf.; common on mogote tops 74). and base of cliffs (Acevedo 10595). Thelypteris leptocladia (Fée) Proctor; occasional, base of Riiellia coccinea (L.) Vahl; common in understory of mogotes on deep soils (Acevedo 10557). moist forests (Acevedo 378). Thelypteris patens (Sw.) Small; (Acevedo 309). Sanchezia speciosa Leonard; naturalized exotic, occa- [Thelypteris pennata (Poir.) Morton*] sional, understory of secondary forests and plan- Thelypteris poiteana (Bory) Proctor; occasional to com- tations. mon, understory of moist valley forests (Acevedo Siphonoglossa sessilis (Jacq.) Gibson; occasional, open, 122). disturbed areas (Acevedo 9382). [Thelypteris reptans (J.F. Gmel.) Morton*] Stenandrium tuberosum (L.) Urban; occasional, under- Thelypteris reticulata (L.) Proctor; occasional, base of story of moist forests on deep soils (Acevedo 10590). mogotes (Acevedo 10613). Teliostachya alopecuroidea (Vahl) Nees; common as a Thelypteris rheophyta Proctor; endemic. roadside or trailside weed (Acevedo 9374). Thelypteris sancta (L.) Ching; occasional (Acevedo 61). Thunbergia alata Bojer; exotic, common roadside weed. Thelypteris x invisa (Sw.) Proctor; rare (Acevedo 231). Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anders.; exotic, persistent Vittaria costata Kunze; occasional, epiphyte, moist for- after cultivation (Acevedo 334). ests (Acevedo 9368). Thunbergia fragrans Roxb.; exotic, common roadside Vittaria lineata (L.) J.E. Smith; rare (Axelrod 9290). weed (Acevedo 529). PSILOTACEAE Thunbergia grandiflora (Roxb. ex Rottl.) Roxb.; aggres- Psilotum nudiim (L.) P. Beauv.; rare, moist forest, (Acev- sive naturalized exotic, localized in Camp Radley edo 9357). area (Acevedo 9418). SCHIZAEACEAE ALISMATACEAE Anemia adiantifolia (L.) Sw.; common at base of cliffs Sagittaria lancifolia L.; common in marshes and (Acevedo 10614). swamps (Acevedo 2268). Anemia portoricensis Maxon; endemic, occasional to Sagittaria intermedia M. Micheli; occasional, marshes common, mogote bases (Acevedo 361). and swamps. Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.; exotic, rare, culti- AMARANTHACEAE vated and escaped (Acevedo 10849). Schizaea poeppigiana Sturm; occasional, mogote sum- Achyranthes áspera L.; a common weed of open dis- mits (Proctor 41188). turbed areas. Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC; common road- SELAGINELLACEAE side weed. Selaginella laxifolia Baker; endemic, occasional, base of Amaranthus dubius Mart, ex Thell.; occasional weed of cliffs, vicinity of Camp Crozier (Proctor 40098). open disturbed areas (Acevedo 10714). 270 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

Amaranthus spinosus L.; occasional weed of open dis- Forsteronia portoricensis Woods.; endemic, common, turbed areas. hillside, valleys, and disturbed areas (Acevedo 319). Celosía argéntea L.; occasional roadside weed {Acevedo Pentalinon luteum (L.) Hansen & Wunderlin; occa- 10779). sional, mogote tops (Acevedo 368). Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth; common liana of Plumería alba L.; occasional, mogote tops. roadsides, trails and valley forests {Acevedo 9410). Plumería obtusa L.; occasional, mogote tops (Acevedo Gomphrena serrata L.; occasional roadside herb (Acev- 355). edo 10499) Tabemaemontana citrifolia L.; occasional, hillsides and Iresine angustifolia Euphras.; occasional along trails and valley forests (Axelrod 8061). roadsides {Acevedo 10658). Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; occasional AQUIFOLIACEAE roadside herb (Acevedo 118). Pfaffia aurata (Mart.) Borsh (comb, ined.); common in Ilex guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze; Little et al., 1974. forests at base of mogotes (Acevedo 2). Ilex nitida (Vahl) Maxim.; occasional, hillsides. Ilex riedlaei Loes.; occasional (Liogier 37413). AMARYLLIDACEAE Ilex urbaniana Loes.; endemic, rare on mogote tops (Acevedo 251). Crinum zeylanicum (L.) L.; exotic, occasional, persistent and naturalized understory herb. ARACEAE Eucharis amazónica Linden ex Planch.; exotic, occa- sional, persistent or naturalized understory herb Alocasia macrorliiza Schott; exotic, occasional, moist (Acevedo 9394). banks and moist roadsides. Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Kuntze; occasional, per- Anthurium crenatum (L.) Kunth; common, understory sistent after cultivation (Acevedo 10555). of hillside forests (Acevedo 271). Hymenocallis caribaea (L.) Herb.; common, persistent or Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl.; occasional epiphyte naturalized understory herb (Little 13753). of moist valleys (Acevedo 9395). Caladium bicolor (Ait.) Vent.; exotic, occasional, under- ANACARDIACEAE story of moist forests and plantations, persistent and spreading after cultivation (Acevedo 9359). Comocladia glabra (Schult.) Spreng.; very common on Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott; exotic, occasional, un- hillsides and mogote tops. derstory of moist forests; persistent after cultiva- Mangifera indica L. exotic, occasional, persistent after tion (Acevedo 2245). cultivation. Dieffenbachia seguine Qacq.) Schott; common in water- Spondias mombin L.; occasional, persistent along road- logged areas, marshes and along creeks (Proctor sides. 44721). Dracontium asperum C. Koch; locally common along ANNONACEAE water courses (Proctor 46104). Annona muricata L.; occasional, persistent after culti- Epipremnum aureum (Lindley & Andr.) Bunt.; exotic, vation. common on trees along roadsides and clearings. Annona reticulata L.; exotic, occasional, persistent after Philodendron angustatum Schott; occasional (Axelrod cultivation (Axelrod 7878). 8092). Guatteria blainii (Griseb.) Urban; rare, hillside forests Philodendron giganteum Schott; rare to occasional on and mogote tops (Axelrod 8105a). hillsides and at base of mogotes hills (Axelrod 9254). Guatteria caribaea Urban; common in valley and hill- Philodendron hederaceum (Jacq.) Schott; common in val- side forests. leys and base of mogotes, along roadsides and Oxandra laurifolia (Sw.) A. Rich, common in valley and open areas. hillside forests (Axelrod 9862). Philodendron lingulatum C. Koch; rare (Axelrod 9192). Syngonium podophyllum Schott; naturalized exotic, common along roadsides, trailsides and planta- APIACEAE tions. [Centella asiática (L.) Urban.*] Xanthosoma brasiliensis (Desf.) Engl.; exotic, occasional, [Cyclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell.*] moist areas (Acevedo 10685). Eryngium foetidum L.; occasional along roads, close to Xanthosoma sagittifolium Schott; exotic, moist disturbed dwellings. trailsides (Acevedo 10684). Hydrocotyle hirsuta Sw.; occasional, moist shaded Xanthosoma undipes (C. Koch) C. Koch; exotic, occa- banks (Acevedo 10610). sional (Axelrod 8373). Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb.; occasional, swamps (Acevedo 10783). ARALIACEAE Dendropanax arboreus (L.) Decne. & Planch.; common APOCYNACEAE in moist hillsides and valley forests (Acevedo 7784). Allamanda cathartica L.; exotic, occasional, planted, per- Dendropanax laurifolius (E. March.) Schneid.; endemic, sistent and escaped. occasional, semi-evergreen seasonal forests. Echites agglutinata Jacq.; occasional, hillsides and mo- Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Fro- gote tops (Acevedo 7797). din; occasional, moist hillsides and valley forests. TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 271

ARECACEAE Chaptalia nutans (L.) Polak.; occasional to common roadside weed (Acevedo 10768). Acrocomia media O.E. Cook; very rare, a few observed Chromolaena borinquensis (Britton) H. Rob.; endemic, at base of mogotes. occasional, open disturbed areas, roadsides (Acev- Aiphanes acanthophylla (Mart.) Burret; occasional, base edo 7779). of mogotes in deep soil valleys (Axelrod 9797). Calyptronoma rivalis (O.E. Cook) Bailey; endemic, very Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob; occa- sional along roadsides and clearings (Acevedo rare; known from 2 planted populations, one of 10713). them reproducing. Coccothrinax alta (O.E. Cook) Becc; endemic, a very Cirsium mexicanum DC; exotic, occasional, roadsides common palm of mogote tops and hillsides (Axel- and open disturbed areas (Proctor 49983). rod 9404). Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.; occasional, disturbed Gaussia attenuata (O.E. Cook) Becc; endemic, ex- sites (Axelrod 8038). tremely rare, two individuals, one at Camp Radley, Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore; exotic, the other at Camp Crozier. common weed in understory of forests and along Prestoea montana (R. Graham) Nichols.; locally com- roadsides (Acevedo 10563). mon in valley forests. Critonia portoricense (Urban) Britton & Wilson; en- Roystonea borinqueño O.E. Cook; endemic, occasional demic, occasional, secondary forests at mogote throughout the forests except on mogote tops. bases (Axelrod 9322). Thrinax morrisii H. Wendl.; occasional, cliffs (Acevedo Cyanthillium cinérea (L.) H. Robins.; occasional, road- 294). side weed. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.; occasional, roadside weed ARISTOLOCHIACEAE (Acevedo 10776). Elephantopus mollis Kunth; very common along aban- Aristolochia bilabiata L.; occasional, open areas, trails doned roads and open fields (Acevedo 10561). and roadsides (Acevedo 2207). Eleiitheranthera ruderalis (Sw.) Sch.-Bip.; occasional along trails (Acevedo 10615). ASCLEPIADACEAE Emilia coccinea (Sims) Sweet; occasional, open fields Asclepias curassavica L.; occasional roadside and trail- and roadsides (Acevedo 300). side weed (Acevedo 99). Emilia fosbergii Nicolson; occasional roadside weed Asclepias nivea L.; rare, roadside weed (Acevedo 2255) (Axelrod 8235). Cryptostegia madagascariensis Boj. ex Decne.; exotic, cul- Enydra sessilis (Sw.) DC; occasional, forest understory tivated at Camp Radley, not spreading. and marshes (Acevedo 10187). Gonolobus stephanotrichus Griseb.; occasional, mogote Erechtites hieracifolius (L.) Raf.; occasional, clearings, vi- bases and valley forests; a rare species in Puerto cinity of Camp Crozier (Proctor 44466). Rico (Acevedo 10596). Erechtites valerianifolius (Spreng.) DC; occasional (Ax- Marsdenia elliptica Decne.; endemic, extremely rare; elrod 8029). base of mogotes and hillsides; only a few plants Erigeron bellioides DC; locally common at Camp Rad- known (Axelrod 9399). ley (Acevedo 10853). Matelea sintenisii (Schlechter) Woods.; rare endemic, Erigeron jamaicensis L.; occasional, Rio Tanamá, 2.6 km occasional vine of hillsides and mogote bases NW of Camp Radley, on mossy boulder beside (Acevedo 7792). river (Proctor 49844). Matelea variifolia (Schlechter) Woods.; endemic, occa- Fleischmannia microstemon (Cass.) R.M. King & H. Rob.; sional vine of hillsides and mogote bases (Acevedo along roadsides and clearings (Proctor 49895). 7658). Hebeclinium macrophyllum (L.) DC; along roadsides Metastelma decipiens Schlechter; rare (Axelrod 8126). and clearings (Proctor 49483). Metastelma leptocladon (Decne.) Schlechter; rare to oc- Koanophyllon dolicholepis (Urban) Britton; endemic, oc- casional, on hillsides (Axelrod 8295). casional along roadsides and clearings (Acevedo Metastelma lineare Bello; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo 10692). 9361). Koanophyllon polyodon (Urban) King & Rob.; endemic, Metastelma parviflorum R. Br.; uncommon, open dis- occasional, roadsides and open areas (Acevedo turbed areas (Acevedo 399). 10719). Lepidaploa borinquensis (Britton) H. Rob.; occasional, ASTERACEAE hillsides and open areas (Axelrod 8624). Acmella iodiscaea (A.H. Moore) B.K. Jansen; occasional, Lepidaploa glabra (Willd.) H. Rob.; occasional, clearings border of swamps (Woodbiiry, s.n.). and early secondary vegetation (Acevedo 9360). Bidens alba (L.) DC. var. radiata (Sch.-Bip.) Ballard; oc- Lepidaploa sericea (Rich.) H. Rob.; occasional, clearings casional along roadsides and open areas (Acevedo and hillsides (Acevedo 9407). 10718). Melanthera nivea (L.) Small; occasional, clearings and Bidens cynapiifolia Kunth; occasional roadside weed. roadsides (Acevedo 10693). Bidens reptans (L.) G. Don; occasional, hillsides and Mikania congesta DC; occasional, base of mogotes mogote bases (Acevedo 7807). (Acevedo 7786). Centratherum punctatum Cass. ssp. punctatum; exotic, Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.; occasional, roadsides open disturbed sites. Camp Radley (Acevedo 9377) and recently disturbed vegetation. 272 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

Mikania micmntha Kunth (DC.) Robins.; occasional to sistent after cultivation and naturalized, in under- common, roadsides and swamps (Acevedo 9506), story of valley forests (Acevedo 9378). Mikania odoratissima Urban; endemic, occasional to Begonia nelumbiifolia Chamiso & Schlecht.; exotic, per- common in understory of forests and along trail- sistent after cultivation and naturalized, in under- sides (Acevedo 10671). story of valley forests. Mikania porosa Urban; rare, endemic, known from a few populations {Acevedo 9356). BIGNONIACEAE Neurolaena lobata (L.) Cass.; occasional, roadsides and along trails (Axelrod 8770). Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth; occasional, mo- Parthenium hysterophonis L.; occasional, open dis- gote bases and valley forests (Acevedo 10457). turbed roadsides. Crescentia cujete L.; cultivated in open fields. Pectis elongata Kunth vai. floribunda (A. Rich.) Keil; un- Distictis lactiflora (Vahl) DC; rare to occasional, hill- common, clearings and disturbed areas (Acevedo sides and mogote tops (Acevedo 10541). 7656). Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A. Gentry; common Piuchea carolinensis (Jacq.) G. Don; occasional along throughout the forest (Breckon 4467). roadsides and clearings (Acevedo 7777). Schlegelia bracliyantha Griseb.; occasional, hillsides and Pseiidelephantopus spicatus (Juss. ex Aubl.) C.F. Baker; valley forests. locally common along trails (Acevedo 10606). Spathodea campanulata Beauv.; exotic, occasional, sec- Pseiidelephantopus spiralis (Less.) Cronq.; occasional, lo- ondary forests. cally common along roadsides by Camp Crozier Tabebuia haemantha (Bert.) DC; endemic; occasional, (Proctor 49481). hillsides. Pseudogynopxys chenopodioides (Kunth) Cabrera; exotic, Tabebuia heterophylla (DC.) Britton; common on hill- occasional along roadsides and disturbed sites sides and mogote tops (Axelrod 8120). (Proctor 49917). Rolandra fruticosa (L.) Kuntze; occasional roadside BIXACEAE weed. Bixa orellana L.; exotic, cultivated, persistent after cul- Salmea scandens (L.) DC; occasional to common along tivation (Little 13521). trails, hillsides and in understory of valley forests (Acevedo 7798). BOMBACACEAE Sonchus oleraceus L.; exotic, occasional, recently dis- turbed sites (Acevedo 10694). Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.; occasional, valley forests. Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski; occasional to com- Ochroma lagopus Sw.; occasional, recently cleared mon in clearings and along roadsides. fields. [Struchium sparganophorum (L.) Kuntze*] Quararibea turbinata (Sw.) Poir.; very common on hill- Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) Neson; rare, col- sides and in valley forests (Acevedo 2162). lected only once (Proctor 49620). Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn.; occasional, clearings BORAGINACEAE and roadsides (Acevedo 10722). Tridax procumbens L.; occasional roadside weed (Axel- Bourreria domingensis (DC.) Griseb.; occasional, hill- rod 8118). sides. Verbesina alata L.; occasional, roadsides and open Bourreria succulenta Jacq. var. succulenta; occasional, fields (Acevedo 10690). hillsides. Wedelia calycina L.C. Rich.; rare to occasional (Proctor Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pavón) Oken; common in for- 49982). ests on deep soils. Wedelia lanceolata DC; occasional, summit of mogotes Cordia bellonis Urban; endemic, occasional to common (Proctor 41192). at base of mogotes (Acevedo 10693). Wedelia reticulata DC; occasional, understory of forests Cordia laevigata Lam.; occasional to common on hill- and along roadsides (Acevedo 10708). sides and in forests with deep soils (Acevedo 2194) Youngia japónica (L.) DC; exotic, common along road- Cordia polycephala (Lam.) I.M. Johnst.; occasional along sides and open disturbed areas (Axelrod 8016). roadsides and open fields (Acevedo 96). Cordia sulcata DC; common in secondary forests on deep soils (Acevedo 2183). BALSAMINACEAE Tournefortia bicolor Sw.; occasional, understory of val- Impatiens balsamina L; exotic, occasional to common, ley forests. persistent in understory of valley forests and along Tournefortia filiflora Griseb.; occasional (Axelrod 7856). trailsides. Tournefortia hirsutissima L; occasional along roadsides Impatiens wallerana Hook, f.; exotic, occasional, persis- and open fields. tent in understory of valley forests (Acevedo 366). Tournefortia laurifolia Vent.; occasional to common on hillsides and in forests with deep soils (Acevedo BEGONIACEAE 10628). Begonia decandra Pavón; endemic, occasional to com- BRASSICACEAE mon in understory of forests at mogote bases (Acevedo 187). Brassica júncea (L.) Czernj.; exotic, occasional, road- Begonia heracleifolia Chamiso & Schlecht.; exotic, per- sides (Axelrod 7801). TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 273

Brassica ivilldenovii Boiss.; exotic, occasional, roadside CANELLACEAE weed (Acevedo 151). Pleodendron macranthum (Baill.) Van Tiegh.; endemic, Lepidiiim virginicum L.; exotic, occasional, roadside very rare, about 20 individuals known, hillsides weed. and mogote tops (Acevedo 562).

BROMELIACEAE CANNACEAE Bromelia pinguin L.; exotic, persistent after cultivation. Canna indica L.; exotic, occasional, along roads, trails, Catopsis floribunda L.B. Smith; occasional epiphyte. open areas and clearings (Acevedo 10689). Guzmania berteroniana (Roem. & Schult.) Mez; occa- sional, mogote tops (Acevedo 10641). CAPPARACEAE Guzmania lingulata (L.) Mez; occasional epiphyte on mogote tops (Axelrod 8177). Cleome speciosa Kunth; exotic, occasional, open, dis- turbed roadsides (Acevedo 10858). Guzmania monostachya (L.) Rusby; occasional, (Acevedo Cleome spinosa Jacq.; occasional along trails and roads, 10723). open fields. Hohenbergia antillana Mez.; endemic, rare (Axelrod Forchhammeria brevipes Urban; rare on hillsides (Acev- 8830). edo 10834). Pitcairnia angustifolia Alton; occasional to common, hillsides (Axelrod 7896). CAPRIFOLIACEAE Tillandsia bulbosa Hooker; occasional epiphyte (Axelrod 9831). Sambucus canadensis L.; exotic, occasional, along trails, Tillandsia fasciculata Sw.; occasional epiphyte (Axelrod persistent (Acevedo 2267). 9390). Tillandsia festucoides Brongn. ex Mez; occasional epi- CARICACEAE phyte (Axelrod 7797). Carica papaya L.; exotic, persistent, disturbed open ar- Tillandsia polystachya (L.) L.; occasional epiphyte (Acev- eas. edo 10724). Tillandsia recúrvala (L.) L.; occasional epiphyte (Acev- CARYOPHYLLACEAE edo 181). Tillandsia setacea Sw.; occasional, epiphytic, base of [Stellaria antillana Urban*] mogotes (Acevedo 10622). [Tillandsia utriculata L.*] CASUARINACEAE Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L.; occasional (Axelrod 9020). Casuarina equisetifolia J.R. & G. Forst.; exotic, planted in Tillandsia variabilis Schltdl.; rare to occasional epiphyte experimental plantations. (Axelrod 9386). CECROPIACEAE BURSERACEAE Cecropia schreberiana Miq.; common pioneer tree of Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.; occasional (Axelrod 9332). gaps and recently opened areas. Tetragastris balsamifera (Sw.) Kuntze; Little & Wad- sworth, 1964. CELASTRACEAE Crossopetalum rhacoma Crantz; occasional, hillsides. BUXACEAE Gyminda latifolia (Sw.) Urban; occasional, hillsides Buxus portoricensis Alain; endemic, uncommon, valley (Acevedo 106). forests and base of mogotes (Acevedo 10655). Maytenus cymosa Krug & Urban; endemic, uncommon. Maytenus elongata (Urban) Britton; occasional, hill- sides. CACTACEAE Maytenus laevigata (Vahl) Griseb. ex Eggers; occa- [Hylocereus trigonus (Haw.) Safford*] sional, base of mogotes and hillsides (Axelrod Rhipsalis baccifera (Soland. ex J. Miller) Stearn; occa- 8010). sional epiphyte on deep soil forests. Maytenus ponceana Britton; endemic, occasional, hill- sides (Acevedo 10636). Scliaefferia fl-utescens Jacq.; occasional, hillsides. CAMPANULACEAE Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don; along roadsides CHENOPODIACEAE (Proctor 49496). Chenopodium ambrosioides L.; exotic, occasional, road- Lobelia assurgens L. var. portoricensis (A.DC.) Urban; sides and open areas. endemic, occasional, hillsides and understory of forests on deep soils (Axelrod 7800) CHRYSOBALANACEAE Lobelia cliffortiana L.; uncommon, collected once in open disturbed area (Axelrod 8017). Hirtella triandra Sw.; Little et ah, 1974. 274 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

CLUSIACEAE Ipomoea triloba L.; uncommon, along roadsides (Axel- rod 8193). Calophylhim calaba L.; very common, planted and re- [Jacquemontia pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don*] generating naturally, hillsides and mogote tops Jacquemontia solanifolia (L.) Hallier f.; occasional, open {Acevedo 2170). disturbed areas {Acevedo 9366). Clusia clusioides (Griseb.) D'Arcy; uncommon {Acevedo Jacquemontia verticillata (L.) Urban; occasional {Axelrod 370). 8507). Clusia gundlachii Stahl; endemic, occasional, hillsides Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Hallier f.; occasional, open and mogote tops {Acevedo 10634). fields and along roads and trails. Clusia rosea Jacq.; occasional to common, cliffs and mo- Turbina corymbosa (L.) Raf.; occasional along roads and gote tops {Acevedo 2173). disturbed sites {Acevedo 9391). Garcinia liessii (Britton) Alain; rare (Axelrod 8106). Mammea americana L.; occasional, valley forests (Axel- COSTACEAE rod 10938). Costus speciosus (Koenig) Sm.; along roadsides by en- COMBRETACEAE trance to Camp Radley {Proctor 42224). Costus guanaiensis Rusby var. macrostrobilus (K. Buchenavia capitata (Vahl) Eichl.; occasional, valley for- Schum.) Maas; exotic, persistent after cultivation, ests and hillsides. understory of moist forests and in marshy areas. Bucida buceras L.; Little et al., 1974. Quisqualis indica L.; exotic, occasional, naturalized, CRASSULACEAE open disturbed areas. Terminalia catappa L.; exotic, occasional, planted and Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken; exotic, common naturalized, valley forest, early secondary forests. weed of open, disturbed areas {Acevedo 531).

COMMELINACEAE CUCURBITACEAE Apiólela monandra (Sw.) H.E. Moore; occasional, under- Cayaponia americana (Lam.) Cogn.; very common, open story of moist forests {Acevedo 9379). disturbed areas, forest margins {Acevedo 10860). Callisia repens (Jacq.) L.; exotic, occasional. Cayaponia racemosa (Miller) Cogn.; occasional, open, Campelia zanonia (L.) Kunth; exotic, occasional {Axelrod disturbed areas. 7766). Cucúrbita moschata (Duch.) Poir.; exotic, occasional, Commelina diffusa Burm. f.; occasional, moist bases of naturalized, in disturbed open areas {Axelrod 7946). [Fevillea cordifolia L.*] mogotes {Acevedo 10602). Melothria péndula L.; common in open disturbed areas. Commelina elegans Kunth; occasional, shaded banks Momordica cliarantia L.; exotic, common, open dis- {Axelrod 8273). turbed areas {Axelrod 8189). Commelinopsis persicariifolia (DC.) M. Pichón; occa- Psiguria pedata (L.) R.A. Howard; occasional, valley sional {Axelrod 7843). forests understory, disturbed forests margins Gibasis geniculata (Jacq.) Rohweder; occasional, moist {Acevedo 10593). disturbed trailsides {Axelrod 9498). Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.; naturalized exotic, occa- Khoeo spathacea (Sw.) Stearn; exotic, occasional, natu- sional, {Axelrod 7821). ralized exotic {Axelrod 7762). Tradescantia zebrina Bosse; exotic, naturalized, along CUSCUTACEAE trails and understory of valley forests {Acevedo 10589). Cuscuta indecora Choisy; rare to occasional {Acevedo Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos; occasional, edge 338). of forests {Acevedo 10676). CYPERACEAE CONNARACEAE [Abildgaardia ovata (Burm. f.) Krai*] [Rourea surinamensis Miq.*] Cyperus difformis L.; occasional, moist disturbed sites {Acevedo 10679). CONVOLVULACEAE Cyperus distans L.f.; occasional {Proctor 42227). [Cyperus haspan L.*] Ipomoea alba L.; locally common, along roadsides, Cyperus involucratus Rottb.; exotic, occasional, dis- southern border of Rio Abajo Forest Reserve {Acev- turbed sites {Acevedo 10712). edo 10791). [Cyperus ligularis L.*] Ipomoea indica (Burm. f.) Merrill var. acuminata (Vahl) Cyperus ochraceous Vahl; occasional, roadsides {Acevedo Fosberg; common in open fields and along roads 10744). and trails {Acevedo 2264). Cyperus odoratus L.; common, open and disturbed sites Ipomoea repanda Jacq.; common on hillsides and mo- {Acevedo 10711). gote tops {Acevedo 163). Cyperus polystachyos Rottb.; open areas (Liogier 30829). Ipomoea setífera Poir.; common in open fields and along [Cyperus rotundus L.*] roads and trails (Liogier 31294). Cyperus sphacelatus Rottb.; occasional, disturbed forest Ipomoea liliácea (Willd.) Choisy; common in open fields edges {Acevedo 10639). and along roads and trails {Axelrod 8193). [Cyperus surinamensis Rottb.*] TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 275

Cyperus unioloides R. Br.; rare in swamps {Acevedo Diospyros sintenisii (Krug & Urban) Standley; endemic, 2259). occasional, hillsides {Acevedo 72). Eleocharis elegans (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.; occasional, roadsides {Acevedo 10680). ELAEOCARPACEAE Eleocharis flavescens (Poir.) Urban; locally abundant, Muntingia calabura L.; exotic, occasional, recently dis- swamps {Acevedo 2260). turbed sites {Acevedo 7783). [Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult.*] [Sloanea amygdalina Griseb.*] Eleocharis interstincta (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.; occa- sional, wet areas {Acevedo 149). ERYTHROXYLACEAE Eleocharis retroflexa (Poir.) Urban; occasional, along trails {Acevedo 10667). [Erythroxylum brevipes DC.*] [Eleocharis sintenisii Boeck.; endemic *] Erythroxylum rufum Cav.; Little et al., 1974. [Fimbristylis complanata (Retz.) Link*] Erythroxylum urbanii O.E. Schulz; rare. Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl; rare, open, moist areas, {Proctor 42218). EUPHORBIACEAE Fuirena umbellata Rottb.; occasional, swamps at base of Acalypha bisetosa Bert.; endemic, occasional {Acevedo mogotes {Acevedo 10746). 186). [Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.*] Acalypha hispida Burm. f.; persistent and perhaps natu- Kyllinga odorata Vahl; occasional, disturbed roadsides ralized {Acevedo 10675). {Acevedo 10697). Acalypha portoricensis Muell. Arg.; endemic, occasional, Rhynchospora corymbosa (L.) Britton; occasional {Acev- hillsides and understory of valley forests {Acevedo edo 155). 10650). [Rhynchospora globularis var. recognita Gale*] Alchornea latifolia Sw.; occasional to common, valley Rhynchospora holoschoenoides (L.C. Rich.) Herter; occa- forests and hillsides. sional, along trails {Acevedo 10568). Caperonia palustris (L.) St. Hil.; occasional, wet areas, Rhynchospora nervosa (Vahl) Boeck. ssp. ciliata (Vahl) T. marshes {Acevedo 153). Koyama; occasional, along trails {Acevedo 10580). Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp.; occasional, roadsides and Rhynchospora pusilla (Sw.) Griseb.; occasional {Liogier disturbed areas {Acevedo 10696). 30827). Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp.; occasional, road- Rhynchospora radicans (S. & C.) H. Pfeift, ssp. micro- sides and disturbed areas {Acevedo 10710). cephala (Bert, ex Spreng.) W. Thomas; occasional Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Small; occasional, road- {Axelrod 7985). sides and disturbed areas {Acevedo 10701). [Rhynchospora tenerrima Nees ex Spreng.*] Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Blume; occasional, persistent Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) A & D. Love; common in after cultivation. marshes {Acevedo 10190). [Crotón flavens var. rigidus (Muell. Arg.) Britton*] Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw.; occasional, open fields {Ax- Crotón lobatus L.; occasional, open disturbed areas. elrod 8040). Drypetes alba Poit.; common, valley forests and hill- Scleria melaleuca Schlecht. & Chamiso; occasional sides {Acevedo 571). {Acevedo 377). Drypetes glauca Vahl; occasional {Acevedo 578). Scleria microcarpa Nees ex Kunth; rare {Liogier 31274). Drypetes ilicifolia Krug & Urban; very rare, mogote tops {Acevedo 28). DIOSCOREACEAE Drypetes lateriflora (Sw.) Krug & Urban; Little et ah, 1974. Dioscorea alata L.; exotic, naturalized, occasional, dis- Euphorbia cyathophora J. Murray; occasional to common turbed sites (Axelrod 9183) roadside weed {Acevedo 5238). Dioscorea bulbifera L.; exotic, common, valley forests Euphorbia lieterophylla L.; occasional or locally com- and plantations {Acevedo 9369) mon, open, disturbed areas {Acevedo 10603). Dioscorea cayennensis Lam.; exotic, rare, persistent after Gymnanthes lucida Sw.; rare. cultivation {Hansen 9308). Hyeronima clusioides (Tul.) Muell. Arg.; common, in Dioscorea pilosiuscula Bertero ex Spreng.; occasional, plantations and natural habitats, valley forests and valley forests and plantations. hillsides {Acevedo 246). Rajania cordata L.; common, valley forests and hillsides Jatropha curcas L.; exotic, uncommon {Little 13527). {Acevedo 10570). [Jatropha gossypifolia L.*] [Margaritaria nobilis L.f.*] DRACAENACEAE Phyllanthus amarus Schumach.; occasional, open, dis- Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker-GawL; exotic, occasional, turbed areas {Acevedo 10689). persistent and perhaps spreading after cultivation. Phyllanthus epiphyllanthus L.; rare to occasional, mo- Sansevieria trifasciata Prain; exotic, naturalized, occa- gote tops {Acevedo 380). sional to locally common. Phyllanthus urinaria L.; exotic, common, open, dis- turbed areas {Acevedo 10704). Sapium laurocerasum Desf.; endemic, common, hill- EBENACEAE sides and valley forests {Acevedo 2181). Diospyros revoluta Poir.; occasional, hillsides {Acevedo Tragia volubilis L.; occasional, open disturbed areas 347). (Axelrod 8069). 276 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

FABACEAE-CAESALPINIOIDEAE Centrosema pubescens Benth; common, disturbed sites and open fields {Acevedo 256). Bauhinia cf. mañanara Kurz; exotic, occasional, natural- Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth. common, disturbed ized (Acevedo s.n.). sites and open fields {Acevedo 9414). [Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth.) Alst.; exotic *] Clitoria falcata Lam.; exotic, common, disturbed sites Caesalpinia globeruium Kakh. f. & van Royen; rare in forests {Acevedo 394). and open fields {Acevedo 10564). Chamaecrista glandulosa L. var. sivartzii (Wickstr.) Clitoria ternatea L.; exotic, occasionally planted and es- Macbr.; locally common along roadsides and in caped in disturbed areas. disturbed areas. {Acevedo 10714). Crotalaria pallida Ait.; exotic, occasional, disturbed ar- Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench; occasional {Axehod eas {Acevedo 397). 9494). Crotalaria retusa L.; exotic, occasional, disturbed areas. Cynometra poHoricensis Krug & Urban; Little et ah, 1974. Crotalaria stipularis Desv.; occasional, open fields Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.; exotic, occasional, {Acevedo 10659). cultivated and persistent. Dalbergia monetaria L.f.; occasional, along water Hymenaea courbaril L.; occasional, valley forests. courses. Senna hirsuta (L.) Irwin & Bameby; occasional, locally Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC; occasional, disturbed common by entrance to the forests reserve {Acevedo areas (Acevedo 10688). 10691). Desmodium axillare (Sw.) DC. var. axillare; occasional, [Senna nitida (L.C. Rich.) Irwin & Bameby*] disturbed areas {Acevedo 7793). Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin & Barneby; occasional, open Desmodium axillare var. stoloniferum (Rich, ex Poir.) fields {Acevedo 398). Schub.; occasional to common, moist areas along [Senna occidentalis (L.) Link*] trail (Acevedo s.n.). Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby; exotic, planted Desmodium incanum DC; common, understory of val- and naturalized, disturbed sites. ley forests and plantations, along roads and trails {Acevedo 9417). FABACEAE-MIMOSOIDEAE Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC; locally common, open disturbed areas. [Acacia retusa Qacq.) R.A. Howard *] Adenanthera pavonina L.; exotic, planted and natural- Desmodium wydlerianum Urban; occasional, understory ized, occasional, valley forests and hillsides. of valley forests and plantations, along roads and Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd.; common, open, dis- trails. turbed areas. Erythrina poeppigiana (Walp.) O.F. Cook; exotic, occa- Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.; common, valley forests and sional, deep soil forests {Acevedo 2210). hillsides {Acevedo 228) Galactia dubia DC; occasional (Axelrod 8425). Inga quaternata Poepp. & Endl.; occasional exotic, natu- Galactia striata (Jacq.) Urban; common, disturbed areas ralized. {Acevedo 2415). Inga vera Willd.; common, valley forests and hillsides Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp.; exotic, uncom- (Axelrod 8833). mon, planted as life fence, persistent. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) DeWit; exotic, uncom- Indigofera suffruticosa Miller; occasional, disturbed sites mon. {Acevedo 312). Mimosa ceratonia L. common weed of roadsides and Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet; exotic, occasional, along disturbed areas {Hansen 9294). roads and disturbed areas {Acevedo 10625). Mimosa pellita Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; occasional, Lonchocarpus domingensis (Turp.) DC; occasional, val- humid roadsides {Acevedo 10846). ley forests and hillsides. Mimosa púdica L.; common, roadsides and disturbed Lonchocarpus glaucifolius Urban; uncommon, hillsides. areas (Axelrod 8272). Lonchocarpus cf. heptaphyllus (Poir.) DC; rare to occa- Pithecellobium arboreum (L.) Urban; common, valley sional, hillsides, {Acevedo 10581). forests and hillsides {Acevedo 10652). Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urban; common, road- sides and disturbed areas {Acevedo 10699). FABACEAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE Mucuna urens (L.) Medik.; common, valley forests and Aeschynomene americana L.; occasional, edge of marshy along trails {Acevedo 7799). areas. Neorudolphia volubilis (Willd.) Britton; endemic, occa- Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw.; occasional, disturbed sites sional to common, hillsides and mogote tops (Ax- {Acevedo 253). elrod 9320). [Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC.*] [Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Spreng.; exotic*] Andira inermis (W. Wright) Kunth; common, valley Poitea florida (Vahl) Lavin; occasional endemic, hill- forests and hillsides {Acevedo 270). sides. [Barbieria pinnata (Pers.) Baill.*] Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth.; exotic, naturalized, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.; exotic, uncommon, culti- very common, open, disturbed areas (Axelrod vated and perhaps escaped. 9611). Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.; exotic, occasional {Ax- Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC; common, open, disturbed elrod 9593). areas {Acevedo 7776). Centrosema plumieri (Turp.) Benth.; occasional along Rhynchosia phaseoloides (Sw.) DC; common, valley for- roadsides and in open fields {Acevedo 10168). ests and hillside forests {Acevedo 9365). TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 277

Rhynchosia reticulata (Sw.) DC; common, disturbed, HELICONIACEAE open areas (Acevedo 282). Heliconia caribaea Lam.; occasional, understory of moist Stizoiobium pruriens (L.) Medik.; occasional, disturbed valley forests. sites (Acevedo 10627). Heliconia psittacorum L.f.; exotic, naturalized, occa- Styhsanthes hamata (L.) Taub.; occasional, open, dis- sional or locally common, understory of planta- turbed areas (Acevedo 10687). tions and valley forests (Acevedo 274). Teramnus labialis (L.f.) Spreng.; occasional, open, dis- turbed areas (Acevedo 7805). HIPPOCRATEACEAE Teramnus uncinatus (L.) Sw.; occasional, open, dis- turbed areas (Acevedo 7806). Hippocratea volubilis L.; common, valley forests and Vigna adenantha (G.F.W. Meyer) Marichal et al.; occa- hillsides (Acevedo 569). Pristimera caribaea (Urban) A.C. Smith; common, valley sional, open, disturbed areas (Acevedo 9388). forests and hillsides (Acevedo 10617). Vigna hosei (Craib.) Back, ex Heyne; exotic, occasional, or locally common, open, disturbed areas (Acevedo HYPERICACEAE 10677). Vigna hiteola (Jacq.) Benth.; very common, open, dis- [Hypericum diosmoides Griseb.*] turbed areas (Acevedo 9389). [Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz*] Vigna peduncularis (Kunth) Fawc. & Rendle; occa- sional, open, disturbed areas (Acevedo 10778). HYPOXIDACEAE Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.; exotic, uncommon, culti- Cucurligo capitúlala (Lour.) Kuntze; exotic, persistent vated or escaped, roadsides and disturbed areas after cultivation. Camp Radley (Proctor 48751). (Acevedo 9411). Hypoxis decumbens L.; common, open, moist fields Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich.; occasional, open, dis- (Acevedol0545). turbed areas. [Hypoxis wrightii (Baker) Brackett *]

FLACOURTIACEAE ICACINACEAE Bañara portoricensis Krug & Urban; endemic, rare; Little Mappla racemosa Jacq.; rare, very few individuals et al, 1974. known (Acevedo 570). Ottoschulzla rhodoxylon (Urban) Urban; endemic, very Gasearla arbórea (L.C. Rich.) Urban; occasional to com- few individuals known (Axelrod 8134). mon, valley forests. Cascarla decandra Jacq.; common, valley forests and IRIDACEAE hillsides (Acevedo 133). Cascarla gulanensls (Aubl.) Urban; common, valley for- Trlmezla steyermarkll R. Foster; exotic, cultivated and ests and hillsides (Acevedo 104). naturalized, locally very common, adjacent to old Cascarla sylvestrls Sw.; common, valley forests and hill- buildings and disturbed areas. sides (Acevedo 95). Homalium racemosum Jacq.; occasional, valley forests LAMIACEAE and hillsides (Acevedo 291). [Hyptis atrorubens Poit.*] Samyda spinulosa Vent.; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo Hyptls capltata Jacq.; occasional (Acevedo 10781). 83). [Hyptis lantanifolia Poit.*] Xylosma buxlfollum A. Gray; uncommon to rare, hill- Hyptls pectlnata (L.) Poit.; roadside weed (Acevedo sides (Axelrod 9021). 10847). Leonotls nepetlfolla (L.) R.Br.; occasional, roadsides and GENTIANACEAE disturbed fields. Leonurus Sibiriens L.; exotic, occasional, roadsides and Voyrla parasítica (Chamiso & Schlecht.) Ruyt. & Maas; disturbed fields. uncommon, moist forest floors (Axelrod 9258). Plectranthus ambolnlcus (Lour.) Spreng.; exotic, occa- sional, disturbed sites. Plectranthus scutellarloldes (L.) R. Br.; exotic, occasional, GESNERIACEAE disturbed sites (Llogler 31264). Columnea scandens L.; occasional epiphyte, moist val- Salvia coccínea Buchoz ex Etlinger; uncommon, hill- ley forests (Axelrod 8223). sides (Acevedo 369). Gesnerla citrina Urban; endemic, occasional, base of Salvia occldentalls Sw.; occasional along disturbed limestone walls on deep soils (Acevedo 10165). roadsides (Acevedo 10857). Gesnerla cunelfolla (DC.) Fritsch; endemic, occasional, [Scutellaria havanensis Jacq.*] base of limestone walls on deep soils (Acevedo 2197). LAURACEAE Gesnerla pedunculosa (DC.) Fritsch; endemic, common, Bellschmledla péndula (Sw.) HemsL; rare (Acevedo hillsides, near mogote tops (Acevedo 2175). 10833). Rhytldophyllum aurlculatum Hook.; occasional, moist, Clnnamomum elongatum (Nees) Kostermans; occasional open, disturbed areas (Llogler 36058). in plantations on deep soils. 278 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

Cinnamomuni montanum (Sw.) Bercht. & PresL; rare to MALVACEAE occasional (Gregory 2), [Hibiscus bifurcatus Cav.*] Licaria brittoniana Allen & Gregory; endemic, occa- Hibiscus elatus Sw.; exotic, common, planted in valleys sional (Axelrod 8236). on deep soils (Little 14839). [Licaria parvifolia (Lam.) Kostermans*] Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.; exotic, persistent after cultiva- Licaria triandra (Sw.) Kostermans; Little & Wadsworth, tion. 1964. Malachra alceifolia Jacq.; occasional, disturbed sites Ocotea coriácea (Sw.) Britton; occasional (Axelrod 7858). (Acevedo 10715). Ocotea floribunda (Sw.) Mez; occasional, moist valley Malachra capitata (L.) L.; occasional, disturbed sites forests (Acevedo 7791). (Acevedo 10754). [Ocotea globosa (Aubl.) Schlecht. & Chamiso*] Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.; exotic, persistent in under- Ocotea leucoxylon (Sw.) Mez; occasional to common; story of forests and along roadsides. valley forests and hillsides. Malvaviscus peduliflorus DC; exotic, occasional, persis- [Ocotea membranácea (Sw.) Howard*] tent (Acevedo 10670). Ocotea nemodapline Mez; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo Pavonia fruticosa (Miller) Fawc. & Rendle; common, 311). understory of forests, and along roadsides (Acevedo Ocotea patens (Sw.) Nees; occasional to common in 141). moist forests on deep soils (Acevedo 10184). Pavonia spinifex (L.) Cav.; occasional, open disturbed [Ocotea sintenisii (Mez) Alain*[ areas (Acevedo 261). Sida acuta Burm. f.; occasional, disturbed areas (Axel- Ocotea sp. nov., aff. O. foeniculacea; occasional, hillsides rod 8144). (Acevedo 10631). Sida rhombifolia L; common, disturbed open areas, un- Persea americana Miller; exotic, occasional, planted and derstory of forests (Acevedo 10600). persistent. Sida urens L.; occasional, open disturbed roadsides Persea urbaniana Mez; Little et ah, 1974. (Acevedo 10784). Thespesia grandiflora DC; endemic, occasional to com- LENTIBULARIACEAE mon, planted and naturalized. Urena lobata L.; occasional to common, trailsides and [Utricularia gibba L.*] understory of forests (Acevedo 10759). Urena sinuata L.; occasional, disturbed roadsides. LOGANIACEAE MARCGRAVIACEAE Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & A. Gray; occa- sional, marshy areas at base of mogotes (Acevedo Marcgravia rectiflora Triana & Planch.; common liana of 10186). moist valley forests (Acevedo 9404). Spigelia anthelmia L.; occasional, open and disturbed areas (Acevedo 10678). MELASTOMATACEAE endemia hirta (L.) D. Don; occasional, moist open fields LORANTHACEAE (Acevedo 10559). endemia pusilliflora Cogn. (Clidemia portoricensis Lio- Dendropemon bicolor Krug & Urban; endemic, occa- sional hemiparasite, hillsides (Axelrod 9406). gier); locally common, base of mogotes (Axelrod 7761). [Clidemia strigillosa (Sw.) DC*] LYTHRACEAE Dissotis rotundifolia (Smith) Triana; exotic, locally com- Lagerstroemia indica L.; planted and persistent. mon, invasive. [Henriettea fascicularis (Sw.) Gomez Maza*] Heterotrichum cymosum (Wendt.) Urban; endemic, oc- MALPIGHIACEAE casional (Axelrod 8002). Bunchosia glandulosa (Cav.) L.C. Rich.; Little et al., 1974. [Mecranium latifolium (Congn.) Skeam*] Miconia impetiolaris (Sw.) D. Don; occasional, early sec- Byrsonima lucida (Miller) DC.: occasional (Axelrod ondary forests and pastures (Acevedo 329). 8200). Miconia laevigata (L.) DC; occasional, secondary for- Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Kunth; Little & Wadsworth, ests (Acevedo 2208). 1964. Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC; occasional to locally com- Heteropteris laurifolia (L.) A. Juss.; rare, open disturbed mon, recently disturbed areas and fields (Acevedo trailsides. 245). Heteropteris wydleriana A. Juss.; endemic, common Miconia racemosa (Aubl.) DC; occasional, secondary (Acevedo 2211). forests (Acevedo 2214). Malpighia coccigera L.; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo Miconia serrulata (DC.) Naud.; Little et al., 1974. 2169). Miconia subcorymbosa Britton; occasional, (Acevedo, Stigmaphyllon floribundum (DC.) C.E. Anderson; en- s.n.). demic, common, open areas, valley forests, hill- Mouriri helleri Britton; common on mogote tops (Axel- sides, mogote tops (Acevedo 10552). rod 7844a). TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 279

Nepsera aquatica (Aubl.) Naud.; occasional, open moist MYRSINACEAE fields {Acevedo 10560). Ossaea scabrosa (L.) DC; rare, few individuals known Ardisia obovata Desv. ex Hamilt.; common, forests on {Acevedo 9397). deep soil and hillsides {Acevedo 34). Tetrazygia angustifolia (Sw.) DC; occasional. Little et ah, Ardisia solanacea Roxb.; exotic, recent introduction, un- 1974. common, a few individuals seen along roadsides. Tetrazygia elaeagnoides (Sw.) DC; occasional, hillsides Myrsine coriácea (Sw.) R. Br.; occasional, hillsides and mogote tops (Acevedo 287). {Acevedo 549). Myrsine floridana A.DC; occasional to common, hill- MELIACEAE sides {Acevedo 2171). Cedrela odorata L.; occasional to common, forests on Parathesis crenulata (Vent.) Hook, f.; common, under- deep soils [Little 13528). story of valley forests and plantations {Acevedo 68). Guarea glabra Vahl.; occasional, deep soil forests and Wallenia lamarckiana (A.DC.) Mez; occasional, under- hillsides {Acevedo 2195). story of valley forests {Acevedo 9396). Guarea guidonia (L.) Sleumer; common, valley forests {Acevedo 2196). Swietenia macrophylla G. King; exotic, common, large MYRTACEAE plantations in valleys on deep soil. Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.; exotic, uncommon, few Calyptranthes acevedoi Alain; endemic, rare to occa- individuals in plantation. sional, mogote tops {Acevedo 349). Trichilia pallida Sw.; occasional, valleys on deep soils Calyptranthes estremerae Alain; endemic, rare on hill- and hillsides {Acevedo 2193). sides {Acevedo 10653). Calypranthes sintenisii Kiaersk {Axelrod 10928). MENISPERMACEAE Calyptranthes ci.zuzygium (L.) Sw.; rare, moist hillsides Cissampelos pareira L.; occasional or locally common, {Axelrod 9605). open disturbed areas. Eucalyptus robusta J.E. Sm.; exotic, planted in valleys [Hyperbaena domingensis (DC.) Benth.*] among mogotes. Hyperbaena laurifolia (Poir.) Urban; Little et ah, 1974. Eugenia axillaris (Sw.) Willd.; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo, s.n.). MORACEAE Eugenia biflora (L.) DC; common, hillsides (Axelrod Artocarpus altilis (S. Park.) Fosberg; exotic, uncommon, 8059). persistent in valleys on deep soils. Eugenia confusa DC; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo Castilla elástica Cerv.; exotic, uncommon, a few small 10548). plantations {Axelrod 9187). Eugenia eggersii Kiaersk.; endemic, occasional in Swi- Chlorophora tinctoria (L.) Gaud.; occasional, valley for- etenia mahagoni plantations. ests on deep soil and hillsides. Eugenia foetida Pers. occasional (Axelrod 10512). Dorstenia contrajerva L.; occasional, hillsides {Acev- edol0621). Eugenia ligustrina (Sw.) Willd.; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo 303). Ficus americana Aubl.; occasional, hillsides {Acevedo 2176). Eugenia montícola (Sw.) DC; common, hillsides. Ficus citrifolia P. Miller; occasional to common, hill- Eugenia padronii Alain; endemic, rare (Axelrod 9284). sides and mogote summits {Acevedo 557). Eugenia pseudopsidium Jacq.; common on hillsides and Ficus stahlii Warb.; endemic, occasional {Axelrod 8244). base of mogotes (Acevedo 302). Ficus trigonata L.; occasional in Petitia domingensis Eugenia stewardsonii Britton; endemic; Little et ah, 1974. plantations. Pseudolmedia spuria (Sw.) Griseb.; occasional, valley Myrcia citrifolia (Aubl.) Urban; Little et ah, 1974. forests and hillsides {Axelrod 8173). [Myrcia deflexa (Poir.) DC*] Trophis racemosa (L.) Urban; occasional, valley forests Myrcia leptoclada DC; Little et ah, 1974. and hillsides {Axelrod 8147). Myrcia margarettae (Alain) Alain; endemic, occasional, hillsides and mogote summits (Acevedo 7787). MUSACEAE Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC; occasional, valley forests Musa X sapientum L.; exotic, common, persistent after and hillsides (Acevedo 10662). cultivation throughout the area, secondary forests Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd.) Berg.; Little et ah, on deep soils and plantations. 1974. Pimenta racemosa var. grisea (Kiaersk.) Fosberg; occa- MYRICACEAE sional to common, hillsides (Acevedo 2180). Myrica cerífera L.; occasional, mogote summits {Acev- Psidium amplexicaule Pers.; endemic, occasional, mo- edo 2250). gote summits (Acevedo 2201). 280 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

Psidium guajava L.; occasional, open disturbed areas Cyclopogon elatiis (Sw.) Schletr.; occasional (Axelrod {Acevedo 293). 9787). Syzygium jambos (L.) Alst.; exotic, common, aggressive, Cyrtopodium punctatum (L.) Lindley; rare, mogote sum- moist forests on deep soils, plantations, and water- mits. logged areas (Acevedo 132). Eltroplectris calcarata (Sw.) Garay & Sweet; occasional Syzygium maiaccense (L.) Merr. & Perry; exotic, uncom- (Acevedo 7788). mon, planted and perhaps persistent. Encyclia coclileata (L.) Dressier; rare (Axelrod 8106a). Epidendrum anceps Jacq. rare (Acevedo 386). NYCTAGINACEAE [Epidendrum boricuarum Hagst. & Sanchez*] Epidendrum ciliare L.; rare epiphyte. [Boerhavia diffusa L.*] [Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.*] Guapira fragrans (Dum.-Cours.) Little; common, valley [Epidendrum ramosum Jacq.*] forest, hillside, mogote summits {Little 13754). Erythrodes hirtella (Sw.) Fawc. & Rendle; occasional Guapira ohtusata Qacq.) Little; Little et ah, 1974. (Axelrod 9724). Mirabilis jalapa L.; exotic, occasional roadside weed. Eulophia alta (L.) Fawc. & Rendle; rare to occasional Neea buxifolia (Hook, f.) Heimerl; endemic, common, (Acevedo 275). hillsides and mogote summits (Acevedo 7666). [Govenia utriculata (Sw.) Lindley*] Pisonia aculeata L.; occasional to common, moist forests Habenaria monorrhiza (Sw.) Reichb. f.; occasional, ter- on deep soils (Acevedo 10651). restrial, moist open areas (Acevedo 10717). Pisonia albida (Heimerl) Britton ex Standley; Little & Habenaria repens Nutt.; occasional (Acevedo 2263). Wadsworth, 1964. lonopsis satyrioides (Sw.) Reichb. f.; rare (Acevedo 239). Pisonia "borinquena" Proctor (sp. ined.); rare. lonopsis utricularioides (Sw.) Lindley; rare (Acevedo 82). Pisonia subcordata Sw.; occasional to common, hill- Leochilus puertoricensis Chase; endemic, rare (Axelrod sides. 8616). Lepanthes woodhuryana Stimpson; endemic, occasional, OCHNACEAE epiphytic, valley forests (Axelrod 8216). Sauvagesia erecta L.; occasional, open moist areas and Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindley; occasional (Axelrod swamps. 8197). Malaxis massonii Ridley; uncommon, terrestrial (Acker- OLACACEAE man 2710). Malaxis spicata Sw.; vicinity of Camp Crozier (Proctor Schoepfia arenaria Urban & Britton; endemic, rare and 44473). endangered (Acevedo 2177). Oeceoclades macúlala (Lindley) Lindley; exotic, occa- sional, naturalized, valley forests and hillsides, ter- OLEACEAE restrial (Acevedo 7662). Chionanthus domingensis Lam.; occasional (Acevedo Oncidium altissimum (Jacq.) Sw.; occasional (Acevedo 316). 383) Forestiera eggersiana Krug & Urban; endemic, occa- Pleurothallis gélida Lindley; rare. sional, hillsides. Polystachya foliosa (Hook.) Reichb. f.; rare (Acevedo 373). jasminum multiflorum (Burm. f.) Andr.; exotic, uncom- Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) Mohr.; rare (Axelrod 9717). mon, open disturbed roadsides (Acevedo 10694). Pontliieva ventricosa (Griseb.) Fawc. & Rendle; occa- sional (Axelrod 9712). ONAGRACEAE Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindley; occasional (Axelrod 8820). [Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) H. Hara*] [Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindley*] Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven; occasional, open Psychilis kraenzlinii (Bello) Sauleda; endemic, rare, on moist areas (Acevedo 10604). mogote tops (Axelrod 8199). Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) Raven; occasional (Acevedo Spathoglottis plicata Blume; exotic, uncommon, along 375). roadsides (Axelrod 9190). Spiranthes torta (Thunb.) Garay & Sweet; vicinity of ORCHIDACEAE Camp Crozier (Proctor 44722). Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem; occasional epiphyte, Bletia patula Hook.; occasional to locally common, hill- hillsides (Acevedo 85). sides (Acevedo 9416). Vanilla poitaei Reich, f.; occasional, hillsides and cliffs Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindley) Cogn.; rare (Acevedo (Acevedo 9387). 376). [Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindley) Rolfe*] OXALIDACEAE Cochleanthes flabelliformis (Sw.) R.E. Schuftes & Garay; rare (Axelrod 8412). Oxalis barrelieri L.; exotic, occasional, planted and Corymborkis forcipigera (Reichb. & Warzw.) L.O. Will.; naturalized, open disturbed areas. occasional (Acevedo 7795). Oxalis corniculata L.; occasional, open disturbed areas. Cranichis muscosa Sw.; rare (Ackerman 1910). Oxalis debilis Kunth var. corymbosa (DC.) Lourteig; ex- Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schletr.; occasional otic, occasional, along dirt roads and trails (Acevedo (Axelrod 9712). 10553). TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 281

PANDANACEAE Piper blattarum Spreng.; rare, understory of valley for- ests {Acevedo 7667). Pandanus sp.; exotic, persistent after cultivation, occa- Piper dilatatum L.C. Rich.; common in moist hillside sional, along plantations. forests {Acevedo 582). Piper giabrescens (Miq.) C. DC; common in moist hill- PAPAVERACEAE side forests {Acevedo 10539). Bocconia frutescens L.; occasional, hillsides and valley Piper hispidum Sw.; common in moist hillside forests forests {Proctor 46789). {Acevedo 10605). Piper jacquemontianum Kunth; common in moist hill- PASSIFLORACEAE side forests {Acevedo 10554). Piper marginatum Jacq.; occasional, moist valley and Passiflora eduUs Sims; exotic, occasional, naturalized, hillside forests {Acevedo 2168). open disturbed areas. Piper sivartzianum (Miq.) C DC; occasional, moist val- [Passiflora multiflora L.*] ley and hillside forests {Acevedo 77). Passiflora murucuja L.; rare to occasional, forest mar- gins (Acevedo 10817). PLANTAGINACEAE Passiflora quadrangularis L.; exotic, occasional, natural- ized, along plantation roads {Acevedo 10558). Plantago major L.; exotic, occasional along roadsides Passiflora rubra L.; common, disturbed open areas and plantation roads. {Acevedo 9375). Passiflora sexflora Juss.; rare {Axelrod 8612). POACEAE Passiflora suberosa L.; occasional to common, roadsides Andropogon bicornis L.; occasional {Liogier 30826). and open areas. Andropogon giomeratus (Walt.) Britt., Stern & Poggenb.; Passiflora tulae Urban; endemic, occasional, valley for- occasional {Acevedo 2254). ests and hillsides (Acevedo 10537). [Andropogon leucostachyus Kunth*] Arthrostylidium jarctum (Aubl.) Soderstr. & Lourteig; PHYTOLACCACEAE occasional, cliffs {Acevedo 10727). Petiveria alliacea L.; occasional roadside weed. [Arundinella confinis (Schultes) Hitch. & Chase.*] Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Bouch; exotic, occasional, Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv.; occasional {Acevedo trails and plantation roads {Axelrod 8771). 273). Trichostigma octandrum (L.) H. Walt.; common, valley Bambusa vuigaris Stirred, ex Wendl.; exotic, planted throughout the forest, in valleys on deep soils. forests and hillsides. Brachiaria euriciformis (Sm.) Griseb.; occasional road- Trichostigma sp.; endemic, a rare, undescribed species; side weed {Acevedo 10688). hillsides. [Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc.*] [Brachiaria purpurascens (Raddi) Henr.*] PIPERACEAE Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult.; occasional along Lepianthes peltatum (L.) Raf.; occasional, at base of mo- roads {Acevedo 10695). gotes and understory of moist forests or planta- Cenchrus echinatus L.; occasional, disturbed open sites tions {Acevedo 2186). {Axelrod 7880). Lepianthes umbeüatum (L.) Raf.; occasional, at base of Coix ¡acryma-jobi L.; exotic; along trail, ca. 1 km SW of mogotes and understory of moist forests or plan- Camp Radley {Proctor 44726). tations. [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pets.; exotic*] [Peperomia distachya (L.) A. Dietr.*] [Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & Clark*] [Peperomia emarginella (Sw.) C. DC.*] Digitaria ciliaris Vander.; occasional {Axelrod 8036). Peperomia glabella (Sw.) A. Dietr.; occasional, moist for- Digitaria elonanii Hitch.; occasional along trails {Acev- est understory {Acevedo 9401). edo 10578). Peperomia magnoliifolia (Jacq.) A. Dietr.; occasional, hill- [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.*] sides and mogote tops {Acevedo 2172). Echinochloa colona (L.) Link; exotic, occasional, dis- Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr.; occasional, under- turbed areas. story of moist forests {Acevedo 547). Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertner; exotic, common, open dis- [Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth*] turbed areas {Axelrod 8035). Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Kunth; occasional epiphyte [Eragrostis amabilis (L.) W & A.; exotic*] of valley forests. [Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br.; exotic*] Peperomia serpens (Sw.) Loud.; occasional {Acevedo [Eriochloa polystachya Kunth*] 10666). [Eriochrysis cayennensis Beauv.*] Peperomia sintenisii C. DC; endemic, rare {Acevedo 185). Ichnanthus conjunctus Hitchc. & Ekman; occasional, lo- Peperomia urocarpa Fisch. & Mey.; occasional, forests cally common along shaded banks and trails {Acev- on deep soils {Acevedo 9381). edo 10565). Piper aduncum L.; occasional, early secondary forests Ichnanthus nemorosus var. swartzii K.E. Rog.; occasional {Acevedo 7782). {Axelrod 9294). Piper amalago L. occasional, moist hillsides {Acevedo Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro ex Benth.; occasional 2160). {Axelrod 9497). 282 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

Lasiacis divaricata (L.) Hitchc; occasional, early second- Coccoloba pubescens L.; rare, hillsides and mogote sum- ary forests (Acevedo 10574). mits {Acevedo 10674). [Lasiacis ligulata Hitchc. & Chase*] Coccoloba pyrifolia Desf.; endemic, occasional, hillsides Lithachne pauciflora (Sw.) Beauv.; along trail, ca. 1 km {Acevedo 7801). SW of Camp Radley (Proctor 44723). Coccoloba sivartzii f. urbaniana (Lindley) Howard; en- Meiinis repens (Willd.) Zizka; exotic, occasional, road- demic, occasional, hillsides {Acevedo 211). sides and open fields {Acevedo 10775). Coccoloba cf. tenuifolia L.; rare, summit of mogotes {Ax- Olyra ¡atifolia L.; occasional (Axelrod 7972). elrod 7860). OpUsmenus hirtelhis (L.) Beauv. ssp. hirtelhis; locally Polygonum punctatum Ell.; occasional, locally common common along trails {Acevedo 10550) in swamps {Acevedo 10690). Panicum laxum Sw.; occasional {Sauleda 1982). [Rumex crispus L.*] Panicum trichoides Sw.; occasional {Axelrod 7879). [Paspalum boscianum Fluegge*] PORTULACACEAE Paspalum conjugatum Berg.; occasional along disturbed areas and trails {Acevedo 10588). Portulaca olerácea L.; occasional roadside weed. [Paspalum fasciculatum Willd.; exotic*] Paspalum fimbriatum Kunth; occasional {Axelrod 8034). RANUNCULACEAE Paspalum laxum Lam.; occasional {Axelrod 8135). Clematis dioica L.; occasional, disturbed forest edges Paspalum molle Poir.; occasional {Axelrod 8041). {Axelrod 8426). Paspalum notatum Fluegge; occasional {Proctor 42216). [Paspalum paniculatum L.*] RHAMNACEAE [Paspalum plicatulum Michx.*] [Paspalum virgatum L.*] Colubrina arborescens (Miller) Sarg.; occasional, hill- Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.; exotic, occasional, sides. roadside weed {Acevedo 10745). Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urban; occasional, open dis- Pharus lappulaceus Aubl.; common in understory of turbed areas. forests {Acevedo 64). Gouania polygama (Jacq.) Urban; common, forest edges, Pharus latifolius L.; locally common, understory of for- trails and roadsides. ests {Acevedo 10721). Krugiodendron ferreum (Vahl) Urban; rare Little & Wad- Pharus parvifolius Nash; occasional to locally common, sworth, 1964. shaded areas in forests and along trails {Acevedo Reynosia krugii Urban; endemic, rare, few individuals 10664). known. {Acevedo 28). Saccharum spontaneum L.; exotic, occasional {Axelrod 8381). RHIZOPHORACEAE [Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash*] Cassipourea guianensis Aubl.; common, valley orests [Schizachyrium brevifolium (Sw.) Nees*] and hillsides {Acevedo 7800). [Schizachyrium gracile (Spreng.) Nash*] Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv.; occasional, border of ROSACEAE swamps {Acevedo 2251). Setaria lutescens (Wiegel) F.T. Hubb.; uncommon, Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urban; common, hillsides and along roadsides {Acevedo 10584). mogote summits {Acevedo 260). Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br.; occasional, open dis- Rubus rosifolius Sm.; exotic, occasional, roadsides, turbed areas {Acevedo 272). naturalized {Acevedo 168). [Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) Webster; exotic*] RUBIACEAE POLYGALACEAE Antirhea coriácea (Vahl) Urban; Little et ah, 1974. Polygala cowellii (Britton) S.F. Blake; endemic, rare, [Antirhea obtusifolia Urban; endemic*] very few individuals known; hillsides {Axelrod Antirhea portoricensis (Britton & Wilson) Standley; en- 7869). demic, occasional, hillsides {Acevedo 10643). Polygala crucianelloides DC; rare, mogote summits Antirhea sintenisii Urban; endemic; Little et ah, 1974. {Acevedo 362). Chiococca alba (L.) A.S. Hitchc; common, hillsides [Polygala paniculata L.*] {Acevedo 2199). Securidaca virgata Sw.; common, valley forests and hill- Chiococca parvifolia WuUschl. ex Griseb.; occasional, sides. hillsides {Acevedo 10642). Chione seminervis Urban & Ekman; occasional, hillsides {Acevedo 10633). POLYGONACEAE Chione venosa (Sw.) Urban; occasional, hillsides {Axel- Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn.; exotic, occasional, rod 7970). cultivated and naturalized, along roadsides. [Coccoc5?pselum herbaceum Aubl.*] Coccoloba costata Wr. ex Sauv.; occasional, hillsides Coffea arabica L.; exotic, occasional to common, persis- {Acevedo 7668). tent after cultivation, throughout the area {Acevedo Coccoloba diversifolia Jacq.; occasional {Axelrod 7870). 197). Coccoloba microstachya Willd.; occasional, hillsides and Coffea dewevrei Wildem. & T. Dur.; exotic, uncommon, mogote summits {Acevedo 10649). persistent {Axelrod 9321). TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 283

Diodia sarmentosa Sw.; occasional, open disturbed ar- RUTACEAE Amyris elemifera L.; occasional, hillsides and mogote Erithalis fruticosa L.; occasional, hillsides and mogote summits (Acevedo 567). summits (Acevedo 306). Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle; exotic, occa- [Emodea littoralis Sw.*] Faramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich.; occasional to com- sional, persistent, valley forests, hillsides. Citrus aurantium L.; exotic, occasional, persistent, val- mon, understory of valley forests and on hillsides {Acevedo 575). ley forests, hillsides. Citrus paradisi Macfd.; exotic, occasional, persistent, Genipa americana L.; uncommon, forests on deep soils valley forests. (Gregory 49). [Geophila repens (L.) I.M. Johnst.*] Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck; exotic, occasional, persis- tent, valley forests (Axelrod 8805). Gonzalagunia hirsuta Qacq.) Schum.; occasional to com- mon, hillsides {Acevedo 2182). Murraya paniculata (L.) Jacq.; exotic, occasional, persis- tent, valley forests, hillsides. Guettarda elliptica Sw., occasional, hillside forests. Pilocarpus racemosus Vahl; occasional, hillsides (Acev- Guettarda ovalifolia Urban; rare, hillsides and mogote edo 10831). summits (Acevedo 286). Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam.; Little et ah, 1974. Guettarda pungens Urban; rare, hillsides and mogote Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl; Little & Wadsivorth, 1964. summits (Acevedo 182). Zanthoxylum martinicense (Lam.) DC; occasional, for- Guettarda scabra (L.) Vent.; occasional, hillsides (Acev- ested wetland in succession. edo 379). Zanthoxylum punctatum Vahl; rare, summits of mo- Hamelia axiUaris Sw.; occasional, understory of forests gotes (Acevedo 566). (Acevedo 115). Hamelia patens Jacq.; occasional, understory of forests SAPINDACEAE (Acevedo 10598). Hedyotis commutata Schuftes; exotic, occasional, in Allophylus crassinervis Radlk.; occasional to common, open fields (Acevedo 10748). hillsides and mogote summits (Acevedo 2166). Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam.; occasional, open fields Allophylus racemosus Sw.; occasional, hillsides. (Acevedo 10679). Cupania americana L.; occasional, valley forests (Acev- Ixora férrea (Jacq.) Benth.; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo edo 9390). 565). [Cupania triquetra A. Rich.; *] Lucya tetrandra (L.) K. Schum.; occasional, understory Exothea paniculata (Juss.) Radlk.; occasional, hillsides of forests (Acevedo 10592). and mogote summits (Acevedo 2178). Neolaugeria resinosa (Vahl) Nichols.; common, hillsides Paullinia pinnata L.; occasional, secondary forests and mogote summits (Acevedo 2174). (Acevedo 304). Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem. & Schult, var. crocea; Serjania polyphylla (L.) Radlk.; common, hillsides, mo- common, understory of forests (Acevedo 10562). gote summits (Acevedo 9392). Palicourea croceoides Hamilt.; occasional, understory of Thouinia striata Radlk.; endemic, common, hillsides valley forests (Acevedo 69). (Acevedo 580). Psychotria berteroana DC; occasional in plantations. Psychotria brachiata Sw.; occasional in plantations. SAPOTACEAE [Psychotria brownei Spreng.*] Chrysophyllum argenteum Jacq.; occasional to common Psychotria domingensis Jacq.; occasional, hillsides (Acev- in moist forests on deep soils (Acevedo 10456). edo 280). Chrysophyllum pauciflorum Lam.; endemic, occasional, Psychotria grandis Sw.; occasional, valley forests (Acev- hillsides and base of mogotes (Acevedo 2187). edo 352). Manilkara bidentata (A.DC) A Chev.; rare (Axelrod Psychotria nervosa Sw.; occasional, understory of valley 8228). forests and plantations (Acevedo 94). Pouteria dictyoneura (Griseb.) Radlk.; occasional, valley Psychotria pubescens Sw.; occasional to common, open forests and hillsides (Acevedo 178). disturbed forest margins (Acevedo 2192). Pouteria multiflora (A. DC.) Eyma; occasional, forests Randia aculeata L.; occasional, mogote summits (Acev- on deep soils (Little 13539). edo 88). Sideroxylon cúbense (Griseb.) Penn.; occasional to com- Rondeletia inermis (Spreng.) Krug & Urban; endemic, mon, hillsides and mogote summits (Acevedo 2202). occasional to common, hillsides and mogote bases Sideroxylon foetidissimum Jacq.; occasional, hillsides (Acevedo 2179). and summits of mogotes (Gregory 20). Sabicea hirsuta Kunth; occasional, secondary forests. Sideroxylon obovatum Lam., occasional (Axelrod 9713). Spermacoce assurgens Ruiz & Pavón; occasional, dis- Sideroxylon portoricense Urban; endemic, occasional to turbed roadsides (Acevedo 10761). common, hillsides (Axelrod 8249). Spermacoce confusa Rendle & Gillis; occasional, open, Sideroxylon salicifolium (L.) Lam.; occasional, hillsides disturbed roadsides (Acevedo 10702). (Axelrod 8128). Spermacoce ocymifolia Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; occa- sional, along forest edges, open areas (Acevedo SCROPHULARIACEAE 10663). Spermacoce verticillata L.; occasional, marshy areas at Agalinis fasciculata (Ell.) Raf.; exotic, persistent after base of mogotes (Acevedo 10189). cultivation. 284 P. ACEVEDO-RODRIGUEZ AND F. S. AXELROD

Alectra fluminense (Veil.) Stearn; swamp south of Camp SYMPLOCACEAE Crozier {Proctor 42231). Symplocos martinicensis Jacq.; Little et ah, 1974. Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell; occasional, marshes {Acevedo 10188). THEACEAE [Bacopa stricta (Schrad.) Robins*] Cleyera albopunctata (Griseb.) Krug & Urban; rare; Little [Lindemia crustácea (L.) F. Muell.*] et ah, 1974. Mecardonia procumhens (Miller) Small; occasional, open Ternstroemia stahlii Krug & Urban; endemic, rare, hill- moist areas (Acevedo 10682). sides and mogote summits (Acevedo 323).

SIMAROUBACEAE THYMELAEACEAE Daphnopsis americana (Mill.) J.R. Johnst.; occasional, Picramnia pentandra Sw.; occasional, valley forests and hillsides. hillsides (Acevedo 538). Daphnopsis helleriana Urban; endemic, rare, hillsides Simarouba glauca DC; exotic, uncommon, in small (Axelrod 7936). plantation trial. Simarouba tulae Urban; endemic, occasional, hillsides TILIACEAE (Acevedo 564). Corchorus hirsutus L.; common, roadsides, open dis- turbed areas (Axelrod 9616). SMILACACEAE Corchorus siliquosus L.; common, roadsides, open dis- Smilax coriácea Spreng.; common, open disturbed ar- turbed areas (Acevedo 10672). eas, secondary forests (Acevedo 183). Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq.; occasional weed of dis- Smilax domingensis Willd.; occasional, hillsides, valley turbed areas (Acevedo 164). forests (Acevedo 315). Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq.; occasional, roadsides and disturbed areas (Acevedo 10566). SOLANACEAE TYPHACEAE Capsicum frutescens L.; occasional, open disturbed ar- Typha domingensis Pers.; locally common in swamps eas (Acevedo 134). (Proctor 44720). [Cestrum laurifolium L'Her.;*] ULMACEAE Cestrum macrophyllum Vent.; occasional to common, hillsides (Acevedo 551). Trema micranthum (L.) Blume; occasional, recently Datura suaveolens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; occa- open areas (Acevedo 7778). sional in open, moist or swampy areas. URTICACEAE Dunalia arborescens (L.) Sleumer; Little et ah, 1974. Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw.; occasional, marshy areas Lycianthes virgata (Lam.) Bitter; occasional, early sec- at base of mogotes and along creeks (Acevedo ondary vegetation, trails and roadsides (Axelrod 10185). 8428). Boehmeria repens (Griseb.) Wedd.; occasional, under- [Physalis angulata L.*] story of valley forests (Acevedo 10599). Physalis turbinata Medik.; occasional, open disturbed [Laportea aestuans (L.) Chevi*] vegetation (Acevedo 10685). Phenax sonneratii (Poir.) Wedd.; occasional (Axelrod Solarium americanum Miller; occasional, roadsides and 7954). along trails (Acevedo 10680). Pilea inaequalis (Juss. ex Poir.) Wedd.; occasional, moist Solarium capsicoides AUioni; occasional, along planta- shaded banks (Acevedo 10623). tion roads (Acevedo 10720). Pilea leptophylla Urban; endemic, occasional, moist for- Solatium drymophilum O.E. Schulz; endemic, rare, a few est understory (Acevedo 10668). individuals known (Acevedo 10691). Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.; occasional, moist, shaded Solatium nudum Kunth; occasional, forests on deep banks (Acevedo 10852). soils and hillsides (Acevedo 2190). Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd.; occasional to locally [Solanum rugosum Dunal*] common, moist shaded banks (Acevedo 333). Solatium torvum Sw.; occasional, open disturbed sites Pilea obtusata Liebm.; occasional (Acevedo 111). (Acevedo 2158). Pilea parietaria (L.) Blume; occasional (Acevedo 10608). Pilea repens (Sw.) Wedd.; occasional (Acevedo 10637). STAPHYLEACEAE Pilea semidentata (Juss.) Wedd.; occasional (Acevedo Turpinia occidentalis (Sw.) G. Don; occasional, hillsides 344). (Acevedo 2212). Urera baccifera (L.) Wedd.; common, moist forests on deep soils (Axelrod 8279). STERCULIACEAE VALERIANACEAE Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.; occasional, recently open ar- Valeriana scandens L.; uncommon, open areas (Acevedo eas. 9399). [Melochia nodiflora Sw.*] [Melochia pyramidata L.*] VERBENACEAE [Melochia villosa (Miller) Fawc. & Rendle*] Aegiphila martinicensis Jacq.; Little et ah, 1974. Theobroma cacao L.; exotic, occasional, planted and per- Citharexylum ft'uticosum L.; occasional to common, val- sistent (Little 13520). ley and hillside forests. TRACHEOPHYTES OF THE RIO ABAJO RESERVE 285

Clerodendruni speciosissimum van Geert ex Morren; ex- Phoradendron piperoides (Kunth) Treal.; rare {Acevedo otic, cultivated and persistent (Acevedo 9413). 568). Cornutia obovata Urban; endemic, rare, forests on deep [Phoradendron tetrapterum Krug & Urban*] soils {Acevedo 32). Lantana cámara L.; occasional, open disturbed areas VITACEAE {Acevedo 10601). [Cissus erosa L.C. Rich.*] [Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx. var. nodiflora*] Cissus obovata Vahl; rare {Axelrod 8245). Pelitia domingensis Jacq.; planted, occasional, hillsides Cissus verticillata (L.) Jarvis and Nicolson; common, and valley forests {Acevedo 195). valley forests and hillsides {Acevedo 10591). Priva ¡appulacea (L.) Pers.; occasional roadside weed Vitis tiliifoUa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.; occasional, {Acevedo 10780). wet areas {Acevedo 198). Stachytarpheta cayennensis (L.C. Rich.) Vahl; occasional, ZINGIBERACEAE open disturbed areas {Acevedo 10692). Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl; occasional, open Alpinia purpurata Vieill. ex K. Schum.; exotic, persis- disturbed areas {Acevedo 10616). tent. Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt. & R.M. Smith; ex- Tectona grandis L.f.; exotic, common, several large otic, persistent after cultivation {Proctor 46789). plantations {Little 13522). Hedychium coronarium Koenig; exotic, occasional but Verbena scahra Vahl; occasional, moist areas and locally common along creek by main road. swamps {Acevedo 10747). [Renealmia alpinia (Rottl.) Maas; exotic*] Vitex divaricata Sw.; occasional, hillsides and valley [Renealmia jamaicensis (Gaertn.) Horaninow var. pu- forests. berula (Gagnep.) Maas; exotic*] Renealmia occidentalis (Sw.) Sweet; occasional, persis- VISCACEAE tent after cultivation {Acevedo 536). Zingiber zerumbet (L.) J.E. Sm.; exotic, occasional, un- Dendrophthora domingensis (Spreng.) Eichl.; occasional derstory of valley forests and plantations, natural- {Axelrod 7957). ized {Axelrod 7945).