Interpersonal Analysis of Donald Trump’S Speeches
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INTERPERSONAL ANALYSIS OF DONALD TRUMP’S SPEECHES A THESIS By PUTRI AGUSTIAN 167052020/MBE ENGLISH POSTGRADUATE STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT This research is entitled Interpersonal Analysis of Donald Trump’s Speeches. The objectives of the research are to find out the types of speech function in Donald Trump’s speeches, to describe the differences of speech function and to identify the realization in the mood system. The data of this research were the clauses in Donald Trump’s speeches. The source of data was the transcript of Donald Trump’s speeches on the Iran nuclear deal and the immigration and the democratic response in the New York Times. The method used in this research was the descriptive qualitative method. The theory used in the research was the theory of the realization of speech function in mood structure by Halliday. The analysis of the data used in this research is search Donald Trump’s speeches, find the printed speeches, analyzed the clauses based on the Mood and Residue elements, describe the most dominant speech function used in the data. The data of transcription are classified into three basic types of speech function. There are statement, question, and command. The result showed that the statement with 201 occurances (98.53%) was the most dominant types of speech function. While the question with 2 occurances (0.98%) and command with 1 occurance (0.49%) were lower than the statement with the Donald Trump’s speech on the iran nuclear deal involved more types than immigration and the democratic response. The characteristics of statement on Donald Trump’s speech on the iran nuclear deal involved more features than immigration and the democratic response because the issue of iran nuclear deal had caused many reactions and actions that have taken place in the people of the United States. The speech function was realized in the wordings of the clause if analyzed based on the elements of interpersonal meaning, the most dominant Mood Types is Declarative through the use of modal finite and mood adjunct. Based on the Mood Types analysis, Donald Trump wanted to declare something and give information to the Americans through his speeches. Keyword: Interpersonal Metafunction, Speech function, Mood structure i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berjudul Analisis Interpersonal pada pidato-pidato Donald Trump. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis Speech function dalam pidato-pidato Donald Trump, untuk menjelaskan perbedaan pada penggunaan Speech function dan untuk mengidentifikasi realisasi dalam sistem Mood structure. Data penelitian ini adalah klausa dalam pidato-pidato Donald Trump. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah transkrip pada pidato-pidato Donald Trump mengenai kesepakatan nuklir Iran dan imigrasi serta respons demokratis di New York Times. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori realisasi Speech function dalam Mood structure oleh Halliday. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mencari pidato Donald Trump, menemukan pidato yang dicetak, menganalisis klausa berdasarkan elemen Mood dan Residue, menggambarkan Speech function yang paling dominan digunakan dalam data. Data transkripsi diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga tipe dasar Speech function. Yakni adalah pernyataan, pertanyaan, dan perintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pernyataan dengan 201 kejadian (98.53%) adalah jenis Speech function yang paling dominan. Sedangkan pertanyaan dengan 2 kejadian (0.98%) dan perintah dengan 1 kejadian (0.49%) lebih rendah dari pernyataan dengan pidato Donald Trump tentang pidato kesepakatan nuklir iran melibatkan lebih banyak fitur daripada imigrasi serta respons demokratis. Karakteristik pernyataan pada pidato Donald Trump mengenai kesepakatan nuklir iran melibatkan lebih banyak jenis- jenis dibandingkan dengan pidato imigrasi dan respons demokratis karena pidato masalah kesepakatan nuklir iran telah menyebabkan banyak reaksi dan tindakan yang telah terjadi pada masyarakat Amerika Serikat. Speech function diwujudkan dalam kata-kata klausa jika dianalisis berdasarkan unsur-unsur makna interpersonal, jenis Mood yang paling dominan adalah Deklaratif melalui penggunaan modal finite dan mood adjunct. Berdasarkan analisis jenis Mood, Donald Trump ingin menyatakan sesuatu dan memberikan informasi kepada Amerika melalui pidatonya. Kata kunci: Interpersonal Metafunction, Speech function, Mood structure. ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Praised be to Allah, Lord of the world, who has given the writer His love and compassion to finish the last assignment in his study. Peace and salutation be upon to the prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, his companion and his adherence. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the help and contribution to all of lecturers, family, and friends who have contributed in different ways hence this thesis is processed until it becomes a complete writing which will be presented to the Postgraduate study Program of English in the University of Sumatera Utara in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Art in English. She would like to express her great honor and deepest gratitude to: 1. The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara, Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S. 2. The Head of Department of English, Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A. and The Secretary of Department of English, Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl. Trans., M.Hum. 3. Her supervisors, Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D and Dr. Nurlela, M.Hum who have patiently guided the researcher and provided input and suggestion in completing her thesis. 4. Her reviewers, Prof. Syahron Lubis, M.A. Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H,. M.A and Dr. Drs. Umar Umur, Dipl. Trans., M.Hum who have provided valuable knowledge in supporting her thesis, as well as all lecturers and staffs for helps during her academic year. 5. Her father and mother, Dwijan Lukito (AIPTU) and Rohana Sianipar who have given a lot of loves, cares, prayers, supports, and advice. 6. Her brothers and sister, Bethara Fitdianto. Rahman Adil. Bethari Dwi Ramadhani. Bethari Sri Despi Luana who never stopped motivating her in accomplishing this thesis. 7. Her postgraduate friends, Nurlaila Sari Harahap, M.A. Gunawan Setiadi, M.A. Laili Aisyah, M.A, Rika Wahyuni Tambunan, M.A. Dhara Ayu iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Paramitha M.A. Felicia Bernadeth, M.A, Ali Sakti Nasution, M.A and Madam Adri who have shared the valuable knowledge, times, touches of laughter and smiles. 8. Her wonder friend, Ahmad Qadar Ginting, S.Si who has given supports and prays and private advices Medan, 29th May 2019 The writer, PUTRI AGUSTIAN 167052020 iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CURRICULUM VITAE Personal Data Name : Putri Agustian Place, Date of Birth : Desa Durian, 20 Agustus 1992 Gender : Female Religion : Muslim Nationality : Indonesia Address : Desa Durian Dusun II Kec. Sei Balai Kab. Batu Bara Phone number : 085207311181 Email : [email protected] Academic Background 1998 – 2004 : SD MIS Alwashliyah Desa Durian 2004 – 2007 : SMP Negeri 2 Sei Balai 2007 – 2010 : SMK Swasta Taman Siswa Kisaran 2012 – 2016 : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU) 2017 – 2019 : University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Working Experience Years : Offices/ Companies : Positions : 2014 – 2015 German Center Medan Administration staff v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENT Pages ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. iii CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... viii LIST OF DIAGRAMS ................................................................................... ix LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... x LIST OF APPENDICES................................................................................ xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of The Study ................................................................... 1 1.2 Problems of the study .......................................................................... 6 1.3 Objectives of the study ........................................................................ 7 1.4 The Scopes of the study ...................................................................... 7 1.5 The significance of the study ............................................................... 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERARTURE ..................... 9 2.1 Systemic Functional Linguistics Theory .............................................. 9 2.1.1 Metafunctions ............................................................................. 10 2.1.2 Interpersonal Metafunction ......................................................... 12 2.1.3 Speech Function ......................................................................... 14 2.1.3.1 Types of Speech Function ....................................................