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Make Sense of 2019 | 1 Make Sense of 2019 | 1 Make Sense of 2019 | 2 The Interview 2020 Fair Observer Make Sense of 2019 | 3 Fair Observer | 237 Hamilton Ave ǀ Mountain View ǀ CA 94043 ǀ USA www.fairobserver.com | [email protected] The views expressed in this publication are the authors’ own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observer’s editorial policy. Copyright © 2020 Fair Observer Photo Credit: Microgen / Shutterstock All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior written permission of the publisher. International Standard Serial Number (ISSN): 2372-9112 Make Sense of 2019 | 4 CONTENTS About Fair Observer 7 Share Your Perspective 8 Naomi Wolf Talks Homophobia, Feminism and “Outrages 9 Ankita Mukopadhyay & Naomi Wolf Immigrants Provide a Net Gain to the US 15 Kourosh Ziabari & Kwame Anthony Appiah Can Telling Stories Through Data Help Fight Misinformation in India? 19 Ankita Mukopadhyay & Govindraj Ethiraj Talking African Literature with Chigozie Obioma 23 Kourosh Ziabari & Chigozie Obioma What the “Deal of the Century” Means for Israel and Palestine 26 Kourosh Ziabari & Antony Loewenstein The BJP Rejects the Idea of a Hindu Rashtra 32 Ankita Mukopadhyay & Sudhanshu Mittal India’s Health-Care System Is in Shambles 38 Nilanjana Sen & I.P. Singh Will Qatar Succeed in Hosting the First Carbon-Neutral World Cup? 41 Kourosh Ziabari, Mohamed Abdallah & Yusuf Bicer Three Scenarios for a Post-Coronavirus World 44 Valerio Alfonso Bruno & Emanuele Parsi Why Has Islamophobia Risen In America 47 Kourosh Ziabari & Arun Kundnani Make Sense of 2019 | 5 The One-State Reality to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict 51 Kourosh Ziabari & Ian Lustick Kashmir’s History and Future Meet in Literature 55 Vikram Zutshi & Rakesh Kaul What a Serial Traveler Thinks of Iran 60 Kourosh Ziabari & Kamila Napora Governments Must Recognize the Importance of the Youth 63 Kourosh Ziabari & Kristeena Monteith What Explains Donald Trump’s Foreign Policy? 70 Kourosh Ziabari & Stephen Zunes The American Empire: Maintaining Hegemony Through Wars 74 Ankita Mukopadhyay & Peter Kuznick The Rapper Breaking Down Borders With Dreams 83 Sophia Akram & Potent Whisper Climate Change Will Impact the Human Rights of Millions 85 Kourosh Ziabari & Ashok Swain Make Sense of 2019 | 6 ABOUT FAIR OBSERVER Fair Observer is a nonprofit media organization that engages in citizen journalism and civic education. Our digital media platform has more than 2,500 contributors from 90 countries, cutting across borders, backgrounds and beliefs. With fact-checking and a rigorous editorial process, we provide diversity and quality in an era of echo chambers and fake news. Our education arm runs training programs on subjects such as digital media, writing and more. In particular, we inspire young people around the world to be more engaged citizens and to participate in a global discourse. As a nonprofit, we are free from owners and advertisers. When there are six jobs in public relations for every job in journalism, we rely on your donations to achieve our mission. Make Sense of 2019 | 7 PUBLISH Join our network of 2,500 contributors to publish your perspective, share your story and shape the global conversation. Become a Fair Observer and help us make sense of the world. Remember, we are a digital media platform and welcome content in all forms: articles, podcasts, video, vlogs, photo essays, infographics and interactive features. We work closely with our contributors, provide feedback and enable them to achieve their potential. Think of us as a community that believes in diversity and debate. We have a reputation for being thoughtful and insightful. The US Library of Congress recognizes us as a journal with ISSN 2372-9112 and publishing with us puts you in a select circle. For further information, please visit www.fairobserver.com/publish or contact us at [email protected]. Make Sense of 2019 | 8 Naomi Wolf Talks Homophobia, Ankita Mukhopadhyay: Your latest book, Feminism and “Outrages” “Outrages: Sex, Censorship and the Criminalization of Love,” has been the target of immense criticism in the UK. Why do you Ankita Mukhopadhyay & Naomi Wolf think that this situation has been blown out of January 8, 2020 proportion? Lawyer Helena Kennedy — who also proofread your book — has said that the criticism reflects the “legal and homophobic In this edition of The Interview, Fair Observer legacy of British colonialism.” Do you think talks to author Naomi Wolf. this connection has affected the reception of your book? he year 1990 witnessed several Naomi Wolf: After the incident, I have had a revolutionary changes, one of which was chance to reflect on the criticism. Right before the release of “The Beauty Myth: How T this incident, which eventually translated into a Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women,” viral attack, I was talking to British audiences written by Naomi Wolf. The “Beauty Myth” about Britain’s vulnerability if it ever faced a highlighted how male dominance is maintained coup. I was also talking about building a by holding women to certain standards of beauty, searchable database for UK law. Daily Clout, my and it became an instant hit with readers civic data company, has a searchable database for worldwide. US law. On Daily Clout, anyone can look up any Wolf is now known as one of the world’s law and lobby. This project has been very foremost feminists, who is vocal about issues that effective. affect not just women but various marginalized The thing “Outrages” does — and this was my communities. argument to the British public right before the Last year, Wolf’s latest book, “Outrages: Sex, incident happened — when you are vulnerable to Censorship and the Criminalization of Love,” a coup, you can see what laws underpin decisions came under severe criticism after a BBC such as Brexit, for instance. However, access to broadcaster called out two misinterpretations of a information complicates the lives of everyone in legal term. Since then, “Outrages” has received power. Daily Clout has complicated the lives of severe criticism from readers in the UK. Wolf has legislators in the US who wanted to lie about law. herself been targeted and accused of gross The platform makes it much more difficult for inaccuracies in all her previous works. people on either side of the spectrum to say The issue that gets lost in these discussions is things like, “This health bill covers cancer care.” the reason Wolf wrote the book in the first place. Daily Clout enables people from places as far off “Outrages” seeks to highlight the historical as Tennessee to tweet and say, “No, this bill marginalization of gay men, particularly the doesn’t cover cancer care.” I can see why that’s protagonist of the book, the poet John Addington problematic for anyone who wants to a country to Symonds. Even with its flaws, the book is a move left or right. detailed historical representation of the life of gay You bring up the question of colonial law. I people in Victorian England. totally agree with you. But I am not going to say In this edition of The Interview, Fair Observer that A caused B. It may well be that this is a talks to Naomi Wolf about “Outrages,” her weirdly viral, unprecedented relentless attack on reasons for writing the book, the life of John my reputation because people disagreed about a Addington Symonds, and how “The Beauty poet. However, following the incident with my Myth” is still relevant today. book, there has been opposition research to take The text has been lightly edited for clarity. me off the chessboard. Despite agreeing to Make Sense of 2019 | 9 correct the two references in the book, I am now Mukhopadhyay: I would like to know a little facing difficulty in even getting “Outrages” more about “Outrages,” since that discussion published in the US! has got lost in the euphoria around the The reason I wrote “Outrages” is because I historical and legal inaccuracies. What is the didn’t want people to just sit around and believe book about, and what motivated your decision that the British government hasn’t made terrible to focus on homosexuality? Why did you mistakes. There’s a lot of good scholarship on choose to tell your story through the character postcolonial law, but it’s not usually written for a of John Addington Symonds, a rather broad audience. If you want people to trust the unknown poet? British government to not make horrible Wolf: I decided to write about Symonds mistakes, then “Outrages” is not a comfortable because my thesis adviser at Oxford is an expert book. in that field. He knew that I was interested in One of the calling cards of the conservatives is Victorian sexuality. He gave me giant copies of the mythology of an unblemished past in relation Symonds’ letters and I was captivated when I to the rest of the world. For example, a lot of read them. They start as the letters of a teenager, people in America don’t want to hear [Noam] who was born at a time when laws in Britain Chomsky talk about the role of the American criminalized speech and same-sex male intimacy government in undermining popular leaders of in new ways. It’s this voice of a young man, who the world. is only searching for true love. The story of “Outrages” categorically He renounces his teenage love for a young confirms that homophobia was exported to man, as his father explains to him that there’s no several places in the world by the British future for the relationship.
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